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标题: Helr GMAT题库周周练 Helr-SC-002 (答案和解析已放出) [打印本页]

作者: GMAT 时间: 2012-6-28 10:44
标题: Helr GMAT题库周周练 Helr-SC-002 (答案和解析已放出)

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Helr-SC-002

Though they might be viewed as a form of deprivation, little more than a joint a day for regular users could have the same kind of compensatory over-indulgence that is engaged in by soda drinkers.

A. Though they might be viewed as a form of deprivation, little more than a joint a day for regular users could have the same kind of compensatory over-indulgence that is engaged in by soda drinkers.
B. As for regular users, little more than a joint a day may be viewed as a form of deprivation but leading soda drinkers engaged in the same kind of compensatory.
C. Though regular users may view little more than a joint a day as a form of deprivation, the deprivation itself can lead the soda drinkers to engage in the same kind of compensatory over-indulgence.
D. Little more than a joint a day for regular users, though, might be viewed as a form of deprivation, which could lead to the same kind of compensatory over-indulgence engaged in by soda drinkers.
E. Little more than a joint a day for regular users, though, may be viewed a form of deprivation, leading the soda drinkers to be engaged in the same kind of compensatory over-indulgence.

作者: Helr 时间: 2012-6-28 10:44
标题: Answer explanation:

Agreement; Grammatical Construction; Idiom; Rhetorical Construction

这个原句的意思是，尽管这被看成了一种形式的剥削，但是每天只吸一根多一点点的大麻可能会有产生同种的，补偿性的，以及那些喝苏打水的人所拥有的过度沉溺。仔细观察会发现，其实这两个半句并不能形成转折。虽然XXX是剥削，但是XXX能产生同种的一种沉溺。前后两者其实说的是一种类型的事情。

-----

A. They指代有误，“little more than a joint a day”不能用复数指代；前后两个半句不能形成转折；that be 放在句中多余，可以删去。

B. “As for regular users”修饰位置不好，在这个位置相当于修饰整个句子；but后面是一个Fragment，but后句中没有谓语（动词）。

C. 这个句子语法上没有问题，但是和A同样，前后两个半句见转折（让步）没法形成。这个句子可以翻译为：“尽管一般人可能会把一天吸一根多一点点的大麻看成一种形式的剥削，但是这种剥削自己也会让喝苏打水的人进入一种同种的补偿性的过度沉溺之中”。后半句说的是这种剥削的“作用”，由此可见，用修饰比较好。

D. 正确。which修饰“a form of deprivation”，这里的“a form of deprivation”是高度集合的一个词（就像bus station， traffic light）； “though”这里不做连词存在，而是一个“插入语”，做修饰成分，连在一起的意思是“ 就算是比一天吸一根大麻多一点点”；这里句中不存在in和by连用的问题，两者是分开的，engaged in///// by soda drinker。

E. leading表示伴随，显然后半句并非前半句的结果；view后面需要接as；to be engaged表达有误。

作者: HerringtonD 时间: 2012-6-28 14:20
参与讨论

D
首先，A原文的致命伤是Though they ....中they指代的是后面little more than a joint a day。指代不清先撇去不说，被指带的对象是单数。（correctness )
其次that is engaged in 这个表达繁琐，可写成past participle. （conciseness）

而BCE的选项都改动了句子原意
the original logic link

little more than a joint a day -> viewed as a deprivation -> lead to the compensatory over-indulgence

而这个overindulgence是与soda drinker的症状相同，而不是joint引起了soda drinker的症状

D项：虽然把though从conjunction转成了adverb，但是语义没有大的改动。只有它可选了。

这一题虽然可以用结构法排除A，但是在没看懂的情况下很难排除E。
最大的难点是，joint到底是什么东西？请查词典： joingt ： A marijuana cigarette。没有这个意思，很难解释这句话。
事实上原题将难度人为地提升了，没有上下文，而且去了尾巴。

当然以上是新手的见解，还没刷过OG等等。求勿喷

relude, Verdana, san-serif">Little more than a joint a day for regular users, though, might be viewed as a form of deprivation, which could lead to the same kind of compensatory over-indulgence engaged in by soda drinkers who expect their daily due.
http://blogs.scientificamerican.com/talking-back/2012/06/23/16-ounce-cokes-and-40-joints-a-month-when-government-dictates-to-consumers/

作者: sophia412 时间: 2012-6-28 16:13

参与讨论

D
首先，A原文的致命伤是Though they ....中they指代的是后面little more than a joint a day。指代不清先撇去不说，被指带的对象是单数。（correctness )
其次that is engaged in 这个表达繁琐，可写成past participle. （conciseness）

而BCE的选项都改动了句子原意
the original logic link

little more than a joint a day -> viewed as a deprivation -> lead to the compensatory over-indulgence

而这个overindulgence是与soda drinker的症状相同，而不是joint引起了soda drinker的症状

D项：虽然把though从conjunction转成了adverb，但是语义没有大的改动。只有它可选了。

这一题虽然可以用结构法排除A，但是在没看懂的情况下很难排除E。
最大的难点是，joint到底是什么东西？请查词典： joingt ： A marijuana cigarette。没有这个意思，很难解释这句话。
事实上原题将难度人为地提升了，没有上下文，而且去了尾巴。

当然以上是新手的见解，还没刷过OG等等。求勿喷

relude, Verdana, san-serif">Little more than a joint a day for regular users, though, might be viewed as a form of deprivation, which could lead to the same kind of compensatory over-indulgence engaged in by soda drinkers who expect their daily due.
http://blogs.scientificamerican.com/talking-back/2012/06/23/16-ounce-cokes-and-40-joints-a-month-when-government-dictates-to-consumers/

-- by 会员 HerringtonD (2012/6/28 14:20:03)

排除E最简单啊，view as嘛。。。不是吗

作者: HerringtonD 时间: 2012-6-28 16:19
咱以为是少打了一个as呢……如果只看后面的话会不方便

作者: erok 时间: 2012-6-28 16:23
参与讨论
C

DE都是把lead部分改为修饰deprivation，没有转折的意思了
B把lead部分变成名词和deprivation有转折关系
A把句子改为定从修饰compensatory。另外觉得they不是很妥

作者: glhelr 时间: 2012-6-28 18:14
这回的题目可是有些难度的题目哦~~大家加油啦~~~~~~

helr

作者: cursedeye 时间: 2012-6-29 01:29
参与讨论
选D
理由：A) they 不知所指。。句子里面唯一的复数是 regular users，可是这里they显然不是指代users的。
B) might 变成 may，改变语气了，；后半部分“but leading soda drinkers engaged in the same kind of compensatory” 不通..本人水平实在有限。。不知道怎么改
c)might 变成 may，改变语气。；Though..., the deprivation...完全改变句子意思了，本来说的是“little more than a joint a day”这件事，和the deprivation怎么怎么样，不相干
e)might 变成 may；改变语气, view 应该是 view as； leading。。。修饰view。。说不通

作者: jenny1989 时间: 2012-6-29 01:51

这回的题目可是有些难度的题目哦~~大家加油啦~~~~~~

helr

-- by 会员 glhelr (2012/6/28 18:14:07)

围观helr老师

顺便打个酱油~~下次测试题目选项神马的别忘了我噢

作者: cursedeye 时间: 2012-6-29 04:49

最大的难点是，joint到底是什么东西？请查词典： joingt ： A marijuana cigarette。没有这个意思，很难解释这句话。
relude, Verdana, san-serif">Little more than a joint a day for regular users, though, might be viewed as a form of deprivation, which could lead to the same kind of compensatory over-indulgence engaged in by soda drinkers who expect their daily due.
http://blogs.scientificamerican.com/talking-back/2012/06/23/16-ounce-cokes-and-40-joints-a-month-when-government-dictates-to-consumers/

-- by 会员 HerringtonD (2012/6/28 14:20:03)

joint者weed也，大麻也。。哈哈

作者: babybearmm 时间: 2012-6-29 06:25
参与讨论
选C

说实话这题做得挺纠结的，主要是句意搞不懂（最大困难在于不知道"regular users"和"soda drinkers"这两种人群到底是个什么逻辑关系），所以难得在做SC题目时用到note-taking.
从选项A里我理解的句意是这样的（笔记提炼，只管意思不管语法）：
1. ">1 j a day" for regular users have the same kind of "OI effect".
1' "OI effect" is engaged in by soda drinkers
2. THOUGH ">1 j a day" be viewed as D.
(I try to make it simple & stupid: D is bad, "OI effect" is good. So here's the logical contrast indicated by "although". )

(A)的最大问题在于pronoun "they"没有符合逻辑的antecedent. 卡擦。

(B). does not make sense. 读完就卡擦了，不过如果要仔细解释的话：
Problem #1. "As for regular users" indicates that the main clause should talk about ANOTHER group, which shares the similarity with "regular users".
Analogy: As for amateur fans, this book is designed for professionals.
This sentence means this book is suitable for both amateur fans and professionals.
所以这选项的"as"不make sense.
Problem #2. 整体逻辑不对。只涉及了我上面的2和1'，不涉及1.

(C). 我本来第一遍是排除了这个选项的，因为觉得对原意改变太大：
#1.原意并没有说谁来view (again, passive voice does not show the subject of the action)，这里添加了view的主语regular users
#2. 对我提炼的1这一点: 1. ">1 j a day" for regular users have the same kind of "OI effect".
但这里认为D itself成为了1的cause。也算添加了意思吧。
后来发现5个选项都被我排除了，也就(C)稍微还可以接受，就它了。

btw: 发现我和G老师思路不太一样，我是比较看重A选项体现出来的作者原意的，我觉得GMAT SC里改变原意或者添加意思都需要有justification，往往是在A选项原意不合逻辑的时候才能改变使之合乎逻辑，或者在A选项有歧义的时候去消除歧义。发现很多题目选项里随意添加意思都是算错的。不过这道题嘛，因为我本来就对原意不太理解，所以也许是原句蕴含了一些我没有读出来的意思？

(D). "though"那个用法感觉怪怪的。我是觉得这句子语法错误。"though" should lead a dependent clause, like this:
Though (dependent clause), (independent clause).
However, there is no independent clause in the sentence.
而且这个句子也和(C)一样添加了意思：D成为了OI effect的cause.

(E). same as (D)

Though they might be viewed as a form of deprivation, little more than a joint a day for regular users could have the same kind of compensatory over-indulgence that is engaged in by soda drinkers.
A. Though they might be viewed as a form of deprivation, little more than a joint a day for regular users could have the same kind of compensatory over-indulgence that is engaged in by soda drinkers.
B. As for regular users, little more than a joint a day may be viewed as a form of deprivation but leading soda drinkers engaged in the same kind of compensatory.
C. Though regular users may view little more than a joint a day as a form of deprivation, the deprivation itself can lead the soda drinkers to engage in the same kind of compensatory over-indulgence.
D. Little more than a joint a day for regular users, though, might be viewed as a form of deprivation, which could lead to the same kind of compensatory over-indulgence engaged in by soda drinkers.
E. Little more than a joint a day for regular users, though, may be viewed a form of deprivation, leading the soda drinkers to be engaged in the same kind of compensatory over-indulgence.

-- by 会员 GMAT (2012/6/28 10:44:01)

作者: babybearmm 时间: 2012-6-29 06:32

-- by 会员 HerringtonD (2012/6/28 14:20:03)

joint者weed也，大麻也。。哈哈

-- by 会员 cursedeye (2012/6/29 4:49:39)

原来是这样啊~~我说我怎么不理解"regular users"和"soda drinkers"什么关系.....看来是两种人群的类比，吸毒者和喝soda者

但，我还是觉得这题没有正确答案啊！！原句根本读不出来depr直接造成OI effect这个意思，而CDE都是凭空添加了这层意思。

作者: yuhanglin617 时间: 2012-6-29 11:36
我認為應該是(C)...

作者: Wandmaker 时间: 2012-6-29 13:43
参与讨论：
D
A的they指代不对；B中的but前后不对称；C和E都是固定搭配lead to doing 出了问题~

作者: babybearmm 时间: 2012-6-29 15:51

Helr-SC-2

-- by 会员 GMAT (2012/6/28 10:44:01)

改一下我的答案，选(D)

之前我都以为(D)里面的which指代的是"deprivation"，跟C一样改变了句意。刚突然想，G老师这题，如果把which理解为指代"a form of deprivation"，那么逻辑上就完全符合原意了。

">1 j a day" = "a form of deprivation" = which could lead to the same kind of OI effect

所以我觉得该选(D).

不过，如果(D)真的是正确答案的话，窃以为这道题出得不好，因为不GMAT-like.
Ron大神总结过关于"comma+which"的指代:
http://www.manhattangmat.com/forums/post31162.html

the gmat tends to write sentences in which "which" stands for the ELIGIBLE noun that's closest to the comma.
by "eligible", i mean that the noun has to AGREE IN TERMS OF SINGULAR/PLURAL with the FOLLOWING VERB.

here's an example:

the box of nails, which is on the counter, is to be used on this project.

in this case, "which" CANNOT refer to "nails", since the verb "is" is singular. therefore, the nearest eligible noun is "box (of nails)". so, "which" unambiguously stands for that.

in our observation, the gmat has been VERY good about this.
whenever i've seen a "which" that refers to "X + preposition + Y" rather than just Y, it has ALWAYS been the case that X was singular and Y was plural (or X was plural and Y was singular), and the verb had a form that matched X and didn't match Y.

这题(D)选项：... might be viewed as a form of deprivation, which could lead to ...
"nearest eligible noun" is deprivation, so, technically speaking, "which" should refer to "deprivation", a reference that is illogical.

看这个prep题目
http://www.manhattangmat.com/forums/for-the-first-time-t4359.html?sid=33b6bbaaabe6801e96b979d081e63109

For the first time in the modern era, non-Hispanic Whites are officially a minority in California, which amounts to a little less than half the population of the state, down from nearly three-quarters only a decade ago.

A. which amounts to a little less than half the population of the state, down from nearly three-quarters only a decade ago
B. which amounts to a little less than half the population of the state, down from a decade ago, when it was nearly three-quarters
C. and that amounts to a little less than half the population of the state, down from a decade ago, when they were nearly three-quarters
D. amounting to a little less than half the population of the state, down from nearly three-quarters a decade ago
E. amounting to a little less than half the population of the state, down from what it was a decade ago by nearly three-quarters

OA: D

选项(A)错误的理由，正是那个which: 照A那么写，which只能指代"California"，而不能指代"a minority in California". 而当which指代"California"的时候，不合逻辑。

所以我觉得，假如这题答案真的是(D)的话，用which来指代"a form of deprivation"也不符合GMAT思路。如果答案不是(D)，那我觉得没答案了-_-

作者: cursedeye 时间: 2012-6-29 18:53

选项(A)错误的理由，正是那个which: 照A那么写，which只能指代"California"，而不能指代"a minority in California". 而当which指代"California"的时候，不合逻辑。

所以我觉得，假如这题答案真的是(D)的话，用which来指代"a form of deprivation"也不符合GMAT思路。如果答案不是(D)，那我觉得没答案了-_-

-- by 会员 babybearmm (2012/6/29 15:51:40)

这题没问题
a form of deprivation 和 a minority in California 这里的 of 和 in 逻辑的紧密程度差远了

作者: icyjeannelij 时间: 2012-6-29 21:38

最大的难点是，joint到底是什么东西？请查词典： joingt ： A marijuana cigarette。没有这个意思，很难解释这句话。
事实上原题将难度人为地提升了，没有上下文，而且去了尾巴。-to-consumers/

-- by 会员 HerringtonD (2012/6/28 14:20:03)

Joint是大麻啦。

作者: Johnsonjz 时间: 2012-6-29 22:04
参与讨论

选C
D 和E都是两个从句，没有主句
A中后半部分，the same ..... that 搭配错误
B中的but多余

作者: glhelr 时间: 2012-6-29 23:12

Helr-SC-2

-- by 会员 GMAT (2012/6/28 10:44:01)

-- by 会员 babybearmm (2012/6/29 15:51:40)

我在这里先回复一下这个问题吧，关于“which”的指代问题。我对Manhattan的说法并不认同，这个“which”，其实根本不存在所谓的“五种情况跳跃修饰”（manhattan书上写的，貌似是5个，不太记得了）。 GMAT，也从来没对于“which”的修饰作出规定。一切都是从推理角度出发的。但是这个词说的很好----“eligible”。 which，所需要知道的只是，“合适的就近修饰”。

我对GMAT的理解是：没有像不像GMAT，只有和GMAT推理思路是否一致。形式上和GMAT一样很容易，但是OG，Prep，GWD，形式都不相同。已经有无数的GMAT语法点（比如，修饰法律只能用ving）被不攻自破了，因为GMAT不考察语法点的记忆。希望我没有剧透这个题目哈~~

作者: yuanyuanblue 时间: 2012-6-29 23:55
A. Though they might be viewed as a form of deprivation, little more than a joint a day for regular users could have the same kind of compensatory over-indulgence that is engaged in by soda drinkers.they指代问题，
B. As for regular users, little more than a joint a day may be viewed as a form of deprivation but leading soda drinkers engaged in the same kind of compensatory. 排除，but后面的内容和前面的内容讲述不同，
C. Though regular users may view little more than a joint a day as a form of deprivation, the deprivation itself can lead the soda drinkers to engage in the same kind of compensatory over-indulgence.这个结构很像1中分析过的结构，the deprivation和前面的regular user各说各的没表达逻辑结构，所以应该排除。
D. Little more than a joint a day for regular users, though, might be viewed as a form of deprivation, which could lead to the same kind of compensatory over-indulgence engaged in by soda drinkers.which的逻辑指代不明，应该排除。
E. Little more than a joint a day for regular users, though, may be viewed a form of deprivation, leading the soda drinkers to be engaged in the same kind of compensatory over-indulgence.
选了E

作者: babybearmm 时间: 2012-6-30 02:52

Helr-SC-2

-- by 会员 GMAT (2012/6/28 10:44:01)

-- by 会员 babybearmm (2012/6/29 15:51:40)

-- by 会员 glhelr (2012/6/29 23:12:11)

我是觉得Ron总结的那个规律是有内在的道理的——to avoid potential ambiguity.
ambiguity影响effective expression. 所以这是符合GMAT的本质的，是“灵魂”的体现，而不仅仅是“外衣”。
"修饰法律只能用ving"这我本来就不认同，这属于“外衣”，不属于“灵魂”，GMAT这老头换件马夹还不容易么？

之所以说有potential ambiguity，就是
a form of deprivation, which ...
假如说which既能指代deprivation，也能指代"a form of deprivation" (即">1 j a day")，那这个句子的表达就是有歧异的。
所以才是说GMAT一贯遵循which refers to the NEAREST ELIGIBLE noun.

至于eligible，我觉得，一个是Ron说的，单复数上面体现；还有些情况是relative pronoun的问题，比如
OG12 #26
Emily Dickinson's letters to Susan Huntington Dickinson, which were written ...
这里which不能指代"Susan Huntington Dickinson"，因为
1. 单数不能用were
2. 人不能用which
所以毫无歧异指代letters.

作者: babybearmm 时间: 2012-6-30 03:02
btw. 这题如果我来写正确答案的话：

Although viewed as a form of deprivation, little more than a joint a day for regular users could have the same kind of compensatory over-indulgence that is engaged by soda drinkers.

--
对了，我去掉了"that is engaged in"后面的in. 其实我不知道为什么要加in...所以希望没改变原意。
因为语法上prep后必须接上名词不能悬挂。这点Ron和一些instructors都讲过。

INCORRECT: The man you laughed at ...
CORRECT: The man at whom you laughed ...

INCORRECT: The book, which I refer to, ...
CORRECT: The book, to which I refer, ...

Incorrect versions在口语中经常出现，但是在书面语里不允许.

参考题目verbal review 2nd #20.
还有这个http://www.beatthegmat.com/speed-limit-long-one-t65314.html(B)项的"the speed limit continues to be fought over in our legislatures and on our freeways" is stylistically flawed.

从另一个角度说，G老师这道题"that is engaged in by soda drinkers"这里in和by串联也算错。
The official explanation also cites "a pile-up of prepositions" in "to be fought over in".

From Mitch (an instructor)

A preposition generally should be followed by an object:

Awkward: the movie that everyone is talking about. (No object follows the prepositionabout.)
Better: the movie about which everyone is talking. (Which is the object of the prepositionabout.)

I would be skeptical of an answer choice that offers a preposition not followed by a clear object -- especially when another answer choice avoids this issue and is free of errors. In B, over is not followed by an object; in E, over is directly followed by its object, the speed limit.

--
D, E里面的"though"的用法我还是觉得怪怪的，感觉这样不清楚哪部分和哪部分形成转折。不过只是感觉，我也不确定。可能是因为我没见过这样的正确句子吧，汗...
好吧，不蛊惑G老师泄密了，假如答案是D/E之一的话，我请求评点那个though，最好拿个正确的句子映证下。

作者: cursedeye 时间: 2012-6-30 03:41
这里两逗号中的tho 你就忽视就好了。。。用法相当于聊天时的表情。。。

作者: glhelr 时间: 2012-6-30 10:27

Helr-SC-2

-- by 会员 GMAT (2012/6/28 10:44:01)

-- by 会员 babybearmm (2012/6/29 15:51:40)

-- by 会员 glhelr (2012/6/29 23:12:11)

-- by 会员 babybearmm (2012/6/30 2:52:25)

我认为，这里的which不存在歧义的问题。无论指代谁，这里都是deprivation的一个子类吧算，所以不存在推理上的问题。这样引起的歧义是可以忽略的。因为两者的意思相同。另外，我个人不是很同意“意思”的这个说法。意思，这个是外国人说的，就像我们看中文一样，他们不需要看意思就已经知道意思了。所以，原则来讲，很多选项的意思是一样的。我们之所以认为意思很重要，是因为我们把所有的错误都归结为意思不同，就一如我们以前归结为语法错误一样。所谓有效表达，我认为，是建立在推理关系正确的基础上，因为推理关系正确，其实已经是有效的表达了。另外，我很同意你对which本身的说法哈，很有指导意义~

作者: glhelr 时间: 2012-6-30 10:45

btw. 这题如果我来写正确答案的话：

Although viewed as a form of deprivation, little more than a joint a day for regular users could have the same kind of compensatory over-indulgence that is engaged by soda drinkers.

--
对了，我去掉了"that is engaged in"后面的in. 其实我不知道为什么要加in...所以希望没改变原意。
因为语法上prep后必须接上名词不能悬挂。这点Ron和一些instructors都讲过。

INCORRECT: The man you laughed at ...
CORRECT: The man at whom you laughed ...

INCORRECT: The book, which I refer to, ...
CORRECT: The book, to which I refer, ...

Incorrect versions在口语中经常出现，但是在书面语里不允许.

参考题目verbal review 2nd #20.
还有这个http://www.beatthegmat.com/speed-limit-long-one-t65314.html(B)项的"the speed limit continues to be fought over in our legislatures and on our freeways" is stylistically flawed.

从另一个角度说，G老师这道题"that is engaged in by soda drinkers"这里in和by串联也算错。
The official explanation also cites "a pile-up of prepositions" in "to be fought over in".

From Mitch (an instructor)

A preposition generally should be followed by an object:

Awkward: the movie that everyone is talking about. (No object follows the prepositionabout.)
Better: the movie about which everyone is talking. (Which is the object of the prepositionabout.)

I would be skeptical of an answer choice that offers a preposition not followed by a clear object -- especially when another answer choice avoids this issue and is free of errors. In B, over is not followed by an object; in E, over is directly followed by its object, the speed limit.

--
D, E里面的"though"的用法我还是觉得怪怪的，感觉这样不清楚哪部分和哪部分形成转折。不过只是感觉，我也不确定。可能是因为我没见过这样的正确句子吧，汗...
好吧，不蛊惑G老师泄密了，假如答案是D/E之一的话，我请求评点那个though，最好拿个正确的句子映证下。

-- by 会员 babybearmm (2012/6/30 3:02:12)

恩，应baby姐的要求，我现在就点评一下那个though。这个though，不表示在句子中连词形式的转折，表示一个插入语。是little more than的一个修饰成分。意思好像，“每天尽管就多那么一点点也会被看成一种剥削”。任何词汇，都可以作为插入语存在。不必要纠结于词汇的形式，因为两个逗号，已经表明了这是一个插入语。上面那个engaged in 的问题，等正确答案公布时再公布哈~

作者: babybearmm 时间: 2012-6-30 11:56

-- by 会员 babybearmm (2012/6/30 3:02:12)

-- by 会员 glhelr (2012/6/30 10:45:23)

okay，那我明白了。我是受A选项的影响，认为前后两个分句之间存在转折关系，所以才纳闷儿为啥although会插入到前面分句的内部....谢谢~

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2012-6-30 13:29
其实我想的是a form of deprivation在此句中语义上是不可割裂的整体，所以which指代整个a form of deprivation。
换句话说就是，a form of deprivation已经不是A of B的范畴了。而是类似“traffic light”这样的整体了（Incompleteness in Absence）。
仅仅是猜测。

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2012-6-30 13:34
Ozone, a special form of oxygen that screens out harmful ultraviolet rays, reaches high concentrations twelve miles above Earth, where it had long appeared immune to human influence; we have now realized, though, that emissions of industrial chlorofluorocarbons deplete the ozone layer.
---------
对于though作为插入语，或许typical的gmat句子会在前面有铺垫。不过并不影响helr传递Logic。

作者: babybearmm 时间: 2012-6-30 13:59
谢谢ae斑斑~that helps a lot~~

作者: angelhxl 时间: 2012-6-30 16:36
参与讨论
选E
A：读完句子，发现开头的they指代有问题
B：but后的leading不爽
C：deprivation itself导致，这个貌似跟原句意有出入
D：which指代问题

作者: 铁板神猴 时间: 2012-6-30 20:20
讨论出真知有没有继续呀各位~~

作者: glhelr 时间: 2012-6-30 21:52

讨论出真知有没有继续呀各位~~

-- by 会员铁板神猴 (2012/6/30 20:20:31)

你咋不发表意见捏？上一篇我又回复了哦~看下有没有点帮助吧~

作者: 铁板神猴 时间: 2012-7-1 08:51
stay foolish~

作者: emmaru 时间: 2012-7-1 12:46
参与讨论
我选C
A中they和后面little...不对应；B中前面As for后面接着user，结果后半句主语又变成little...；D中“，which” 和E中“leading” 都说明是前面一整句话引起后面的结果，但是按句子的意思应该特指a form of deprivation

作者: adriana2011 时间: 2012-7-1 20:36
Helr-SC-2
Though they might be viewed as a form of deprivation, little more than a joint a day for regular users could have the same kind of compensatory over-indulgence that is engaged in by soda drinkers.
A. Though they might be viewed as a form of deprivation, little more than a joint a day for regular users could have the same kind of compensatory over-indulgence that is engaged in by soda drinkers.
B. As for regular users, little more than a joint a day may be viewed as a form of deprivation but leading soda drinkers engaged in the same kind of compensatory.
C. Though regular users may view little more than a joint a day as a form of deprivation, the deprivation itself can lead the soda drinkers to engage in the same kind of compensatory over-indulgence.
D. Little more than a joint a day for regular users, though, might be viewed as a form of deprivation, which could lead to the same kind of compensatory over-indulgence engaged in by soda drinkers.
E. Little more than a joint a day for regular users, though, may be viewed a form of deprivation, leading the soda drinkers to be engaged in the same kind of compensatory over-indulgence.

A:THOUGH 连接2个句子，主语最好有一个指代的一致关系；另外句子从逻辑意思上无法构成转折含义；杀
b: BUT前后不对称；
C:正确：
D: THOUGH充当什么成分呢，错！
E：view...as才是正确表达；leading无法修饰句子主语，也无法做伴随，错！

作者: madamadadana 时间: 2012-7-1 23:32
看到这里决定支持babybearmm对d选项的理解

-- by 会员 babybearmm (2012/6/30 3:02:12)

-- by 会员 glhelr (2012/6/30 10:45:23)

作者: romn 时间: 2012-7-2 16:53
D 可能用大麻和喝苏打酒做类比

作者: HerringtonD 时间: 2012-7-2 16:59
关于which修饰的问题，个人以为应该循helr老师的看法，即合适而且无歧义的那个

OG12 27题为例

Paleontologists believe that fragments of a primate jawbone unearthed in Burma and estimated at 40 to 44 million years old provide evidence of a crucial step
along the evolutionary path that led to human beings.
(A) at 40 to 44 million years old provide evidence of
(B) as being 40 to 44 million years old provides evidence of
(C) that it is 40 to 44 million years old provides evidence of what was
(D) to be 40 to 44 million years old provide evidence of
(E) as 40 to 44 million years old provides evidence of what was

OG解释estimated这个词的时候用了这一句：

The jawbone fragments were estimated to be a certain age.

而不是The jawbone were ...

可见语法不是唯一的标准，意思也是判断修饰的条件（前提是不引起歧义）

作者: lixuekai2001 时间: 2012-7-2 23:39
参与讨论

本着尊重句子本意的原则来解题。

此题初看不知所云。原因就是句子用了一些稍微生僻的字词。
Joint: 大麻烟卷

例：He's smoking a joint.
他在吸大麻烟。

Compensatory over-indulgence：补偿性狂欢；补偿性过度吸食（大麻）

A: they 在逻辑意思上应该指代后面的little more than a joint a day for regular users。但是问题出现了，起码应该用it啊。
B: As 有问题，但是具体说不上来。but表转折应该前后平行，但是句子选项没有。
C: can lead 意义和could lead 不一样。根据逻辑意义应该用could. Though从句和后面句子的主语不一致。the deprivation itself can lead the soda drinkers to engage in the same kind of compensatory over-indulgence.表达的意义正好反了。原意应该是想表达吸大麻的减量后反弹吸食的更多就好像喝可口可乐苏打水那样的效果一样一样的。

D: 正确。Little more than a joint a day for regular users作主语中心思想突出。which从句清晰补足意思。
E: 同C.

我的答案选D.

************************************************************************************************************************************
************************************************************************************************************************************
区别：although和though同义，在一般情况下，可以互换使用。只是though较普遍，常用于非正式的口语或书面语中，而although则较为正式。另外although语气比though重，常用以强调让步概念。

e.g. Though/Although my car is very old, I don't want to buy a new one.

虽然我的汽车很旧，但我不想买一辆新的。

He insisted on doing it although I warned him not to.

虽然我警告他不要做，但他仍然坚持要做。

even能和though组合表示强调，但even不能和although组合。因此，不能说even although,在这里even though=even if(no matter if; though即使……也……)

e.g. Even if/Even though we could afford it, we wouldn't go abroad for our vocation.

即使我们付得起这笔钱，也不出国度假。

当让步状语从句指某种假设情况时，通常用though,而不用although。

e.g. Though all the world were against me, I should still hold to my opinion.

就算全世界都反对我，我还是坚持我的立场。

Though everybody deserts you, I will not.

即使所有人都抛弃你，我也不会的。

though可以独立用作副词，常放在句末，意为all the same (还是；仍然)或however(可是；然而)，而although无此用法。

e.g. She didn't tell me what she had done, but I know it though.

她没有告诉我她所做的事情，但我还是知道了。

It's hard work. I enjoy it, though.

工作很苦，可是我喜欢。

though引导让步状语从句时可以倒装，而although从句则不能。

e.g. Bravely though they fought, they had no chance of winning.

虽然他们打得很勇敢，但还是没有机会获胜。

相同点：在although和though引导的让步状语从句中，主句里不可用but,若要强调前后两部分的对比意义，可在主句前加yet或still。

e.g. Although/Though he has a lot of money, yet/still he is unhappy.

他虽然有很多钱，但并不幸福。

although和though引导让步状语从句时，常采用省略形式。

e.g. Although tired (=Although he was tired), he kept on working.

虽然很疲劳，但他继续工作。

The problem, though complicated(=though it is complicated), can be solved without much difficulty.

这个问题虽然复杂，但解决起来不会有很大困难。

作者: adriana2011 时间: 2012-7-3 21:16
等待答案揭晓

作者: babybearmm 时间: 2012-7-4 05:05

Agreement; Grammatical Construction; Idiom; Rhetorical Construction
这个原句的意思是，尽管这被看成了一种形式的剥削，但是每天只吸一根多一点点的大麻可能会有产生同种的，补偿性的，以及那些喝苏打水的人所拥有的过度沉溺。仔细观察会发现，其实这两个半句并不能形成转折。虽然XXX是剥削，但是XXX能产生同种的一种沉溺。前后两者其实说的是一种类型的事情。
-----
A. They指代有误，“little more than a joint a day”不能用复数指代；前后两个半句不能形成转折；that be 放在句中多余，可以删去。
B. “As for regular users”修饰位置不好，在这个位置相当于修饰整个句子；but后面是一个Fragment，but后句中没有谓语（动词）。
C. 这个句子语法上没有问题，但是和A同样，前后两个半句见转折（让步）没法形成。这个句子可以翻译为：“尽管一般人可能会把一天吸一根多一点点的大麻看成一种形式的剥削，但是这种剥削自己也会让喝苏打水的人进入一种同种的补偿性的过度沉溺之中”。后半句说的是这种剥削的“作用”，由此可见，用修饰比较好。
D. 正确。which修饰“a form of deprivation”，这里的“a form of deprivation”是高度集合的一个词（就像bus station， traffic light）； “though”这里不做连词存在，而是一个“插入语”，做修饰成分，连在一起的意思是“ 就算是比一天吸一根大麻多一点点”；这里句中不存在in和by连用的问题，两者是分开的，engaged in///// by soda drinker。
E. leading表示伴随，显然后半句并非前半句的结果；view后面需要接as；to be engaged表达有误。

-- by 会员 Helr (2012/6/28 10:44:14)

谢谢g老师，which和though我懂了。关于介词我还是保留意见。
这个我明白的：两者是分开的，engaged in///// by soda drinker
但问题是在我的贴子举的那道题也存在这个问题，官方解释说是"pile-up" of prepositions: fought over //// in the legislation
说到底，是这样的介词“悬空”（就说介词后面不接名词）属于stylistically flawed，书面英语不会这么写，何况作为有“洁癖”的GMAT呢？
例子见我那个贴子给的。再给一个吧
WRONG: the fact that we care about ...
CORRECT: the fact about which we care

作者: babybearmm 时间: 2012-7-4 05:10

参与讨论

本着尊重句子本意的原则来解题。

此题初看不知所云。原因就是句子用了一些稍微生僻的字词。
Joint: 大麻烟卷

例：He's smoking a joint.
他在吸大麻烟。

Compensatory over-indulgence：补偿性狂欢；补偿性过度吸食（大麻）

A: they 在逻辑意思上应该指代后面的little more than a joint a day for regular users。但是问题出现了，起码应该用it啊。
B: As 有问题，但是具体说不上来。but表转折应该前后平行，但是句子选项没有。
C: can lead 意义和could lead 不一样。根据逻辑意义应该用could. Though从句和后面句子的主语不一致。the deprivation itself can lead the soda drinkers to engage in the same kind of compensatory over-indulgence.表达的意义正好反了。原意应该是想表达吸大麻的减量后反弹吸食的更多就好像喝可口可乐苏打水那样的效果一样一样的。

D: 正确。Little more than a joint a day for regular users作主语中心思想突出。which从句清晰补足意思。
E: 同C.

我的答案选D.

************************************************************************************************************************************
************************************************************************************************************************************
区别：although和though同义，在一般情况下，可以互换使用。只是though较普遍，常用于非正式的口语或书面语中，而although则较为正式。另外although语气比though重，常用以强调让步概念。

e.g. Though/Although my car is very old, I don't want to buy a new one.

虽然我的汽车很旧，但我不想买一辆新的。

He insisted on doing it although I warned him not to.

虽然我警告他不要做，但他仍然坚持要做。

even能和though组合表示强调，但even不能和although组合。因此，不能说even although,在这里even though=even if(no matter if; though即使……也……)

e.g. Even if/Even though we could afford it, we wouldn't go abroad for our vocation.

即使我们付得起这笔钱，也不出国度假。

当让步状语从句指某种假设情况时，通常用though,而不用although。

e.g. Though all the world were against me, I should still hold to my opinion.

就算全世界都反对我，我还是坚持我的立场。

Though everybody deserts you, I will not.

即使所有人都抛弃你，我也不会的。

though可以独立用作副词，常放在句末，意为all the same (还是；仍然)或however(可是；然而)，而although无此用法。

e.g. She didn't tell me what she had done, but I know it though.

她没有告诉我她所做的事情，但我还是知道了。

It's hard work. I enjoy it, though.

工作很苦，可是我喜欢。

though引导让步状语从句时可以倒装，而although从句则不能。

e.g. Bravely though they fought, they had no chance of winning.

虽然他们打得很勇敢，但还是没有机会获胜。

相同点：在although和though引导的让步状语从句中，主句里不可用but,若要强调前后两部分的对比意义，可在主句前加yet或still。

e.g. Although/Though he has a lot of money, yet/still he is unhappy.

他虽然有很多钱，但并不幸福。

although和though引导让步状语从句时，常采用省略形式。

e.g. Although tired (=Although he was tired), he kept on working.

虽然很疲劳，但他继续工作。

The problem, though complicated(=though it is complicated), can be solved without much difficulty.

这个问题虽然复杂，但解决起来不会有很大困难。

-- by 会员 lixuekai2001 (2012/7/2 23:39:12)

thank you~

作者: cursedeye 时间: 2012-7-5 05:55
哦夜目前为止百发百中

作者: 铁板神猴 时间: 2012-7-5 14:32
看NN们讨论学到了很多，谢谢~~

作者: zhuzhu93 时间: 2012-7-6 09:12
真心觉得选c...什么时候有答案呀？
d里面though有问题...

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2012-7-8 02:22

-- by 会员 Helr (2012/6/28 10:44:14)

赞解释，看了解释就能发现阅读也可以通过语法来提高

作者: FFcapm 时间: 2012-7-10 05:14

http://forum.chasedream.com/GMAT_Preparation/thread-730004-1-1.html

欢迎大家以如下方式参与Helr GMAT题库周周练活动：

参与讨论：直接跟贴参与，正文第一行标明＂参与讨论＂，第二行写出选项，其后解释为什么选择该选项；参与投票：支持最佳答案，回帖＂我支持第xx楼的答案＂，支持参与讨论的同学。Helr-SC-002
Though they might be viewed as a form of deprivation, little more than a joint a day for regular users could have the same kind of compensatory over-indulgence that is engaged in by soda drinkers.
A. Though they might be viewed as a form of deprivation, little more than a joint a day for regular users could have the same kind of compensatory over-indulgence that is engaged in by soda drinkers.
B. As for regular users, little more than a joint a day may be viewed as a form of deprivation but leading soda drinkers engaged in the same kind of compensatory.
C. Though regular users may view little more than a joint a day as a form of deprivation, the deprivation itself can lead the soda drinkers to engage in the same kind of compensatory over-indulgence.
D. Little more than a joint a day for regular users, though, might be viewed as a form of deprivation, which could lead to the same kind of compensatory over-indulgence engaged in by soda drinkers.
E. Little more than a joint a day for regular users, though, may be viewed a form of deprivation, leading the soda drinkers to be engaged in the same kind of compensatory over-indulgence.

-- by 会员 GMAT (2012/6/28 10:44:01)

A. ..they..., ... a joint

B. change meaning
C. change meaning
D. Correct .
E. view as...

作者: ahong99 时间: 2012-8-14 23:25

-- by 会员 Helr (2012/6/28 10:44:14)

选项C:没有上下文的理解，很难知道原句子中的选项B中的前后两句话是要用修饰关系去连接的，而不能用这样的Though连接两个短句。很难以此来判断选项C是错误的。

选项D: 因为缺少上下文的关系，though放在句子中的位置很怪，也同样不知道抽大麻的人与喝苏打水的之间有联系。若没有更多的上下文，这个选项值得质疑。
此录音是“P培训机构的教师”在答疑课上对选项D的点评：[attachmedia=400,64,0]104666[/attachmedia]

总的来说：此题目出得有漏洞。

该题的段落来源于Scientific American

The Mujica plan tentatively foresees making available for purchase no more than 40 porros a month. Researching the optimal-allotment size question is not grist for a typical PubMed search. Little more than a joint a day for regular users, though, might be viewed as a form of deprivation, which could lead to the same kind of compensatory over-indulgence engaged in by soda drinkers who expect their daily due. The extra supply would have to come from the illicit market.

作者: MarkIII 时间: 2012-9-4 16:44

-- by 会员 Helr (2012/6/28 10:44:14)

-- by 会员 ahong99 (2012/8/14 23:25:47)

好问题啊~

看大家讨论，问题在CD两个选项上。说说我的理解：

D，这里的though，类似于however，表示的不是单句中两个分句的让步转折关系，而是表示一个在该句中并没有什么实际意义的修饰。
C，这个though是一个让步关系。

CD选项，如果读语意顺下来，或者看语法，两项似乎都没有什么太大问题。但是though这个连词，有两种性质，一个是语法上的，就是连词（D），另外一个是让步转折关系（C）。

C，在没有其它上下文因素的情况下，我们根本不能知道这个大麻的使用者和苏打水的什么剥削有关系，也就是说，这两者更加形不成让步转折关系。所以C选项虽然语意上能接受，但是推理上，不能成为正确答案。

D，是一个解释说明关系，这样的话，用苏打水的例子和大麻做个类比解释，涉及不到所谓“关系”，这个关系语意和推理上都成立，也符合A（原句）本身的意思。

最后总结：GMAT考推理，意思正确也要看推理是否可以说通。

作者: longshiyu 时间: 2013-6-25 19:32
D都没有谓语吧~~~

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