200. Certain pesticides can become ineffective if used repeatedly in the same place: one reason is suggested by the finding that there are much larger populations of pesticide-degrading microbes in soils with a relatively long history of pesticide use than in soils that are free of such chemicals.
这题答案就是A,其它我就不赘述了，关于答案的解释我也没有异议，五者相比确实只有A满足条件，但是总觉得有些矮子里拔高子的味道。 想请教的是，整句话是否可以改为：
The finding that there are much larger populations of pesticide-degrading microbes in soils with a relatively long history of pesticide use than in those that are free of such chemicals suggests (or may suggest) that certain pesticides can become ineffective if used repeatedly in the same place.
黑体是该了以后句子的主体结构，斜体是可不可以用those 替换soils?
这么改了之后，和原句相比有没有岐义？ 假设用这个选项替换A, 即原答案缺席的情况下（ETS永远正确原则）， 这句话有没有可能对？
（钻牛角尖了，但总觉得答案的形式不常用，想用常规点的方式来思考，看看能不能对）
先谢谢各位NN抽空指点。
259. Five fledgling sea eagles left their nests in western Scotland this summer, bringing to 34 the number of wild birds （successfully raised） since transplants from Norway began in 1975.
(A) bringing
(B) and brings
(C) and it brings
(D) and it brought
(E) and brought
再加一题，这两题在提问汇总里都没有。关于这题的疑问是题干中为什么不用完成时，是省略用法吗？补全了是不是...birds that have been successfully raised...? 这种省略是否严谨？ 如果不是出现在题干中，而是出现在答案选项中应该算对吗？
还是没有人来回答，也许我考虑得太偏了吧，但万一题目有这样的思路该怎么应对呢？！希望有NN碰巧经过，顺便来看看。
lifelover mm,
其实这两题以前都讨论过，不过由于汇总链接没有及时更新，mm以后可以试着用"搜索“功能查找。但我们会在近期改进工作，由此给你带来的不便，深表歉意！
下面为搜索到的以前的讨论，先请参考。如若还未能解决你的疑问，烦请再顶一下帖子，大家一定会尽量解决你的疑问的。
OG200
http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?BoardID=23&ID=59466
http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?BoardID=23&ID=56303
http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?BoardID=23&ID=39127
OG259
http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?BoardID=23&ID=65563
最后，祝你学习快乐！
谢谢LES老大，谨遵教诲，下次一定先查找并且把题目贴全。 不过看了一下讨论，和我的问题还是有些出入，再顶一次，看看有没有其他人有同感或者已经考虑过可以给我释疑的。不过我的问题真的有点偏，因为不是针对答案本身的。
再顶！
200. Certain pesticides can become ineffective if used repeatedly in the same place: one reason is suggested by the finding that there are much larger populations of pesticide-degrading microbes in soils with a relatively long history of pesticide use than in soils that are free of such chemicals.
这题答案就是A,其它我就不赘述了，关于答案的解释我也没有异议，五者相比确实只有A满足条件，但是总觉得有些矮子里拔高子的味道。 想请教的是，整句话是否可以改为：
The finding that there are much larger populations of pesticide-degrading microbes in soils with a relatively long history of pesticide use than in those that are free of such chemicals suggests (or may suggest) that certain pesticides can become ineffective if used repeatedly in the same place.
黑体是该了以后句子的主体结构，斜体是可不可以用those 替换soils?
这么改了之后，和原句相比有没有岐义？ 假设用这个选项替换A, 即原答案缺席的情况下（ETS永远正确原则）， 这句话有没有可能对？
（钻牛角尖了，但总觉得答案的形式不常用，想用常规点的方式来思考，看看能不能对）
先谢谢各位NN抽空指点。
你举的这个例子非常好。
我认为，不能用those来指代soils，因为those 是指代那个特定的soils，即soils with a relatively long history of pesticide use 。。。。这样就会有问题了。只能用soils。
如果把你给出的句子中的those改成soils，我想，应该是可以替代A选项的。
259. Five fledgling sea eagles left their nests in western Scotland this summer, bringing to 34 the number of wild birds （successfully raised） since transplants from Norway began in 1975.
(A) bringing
(B) and brings
(C) and it brings
(D) and it brought
(E) and brought
再加一题，这两题在提问汇总里都没有。关于这题的疑问是题干中为什么不用完成时，是省略用法吗？补全了是不是...birds that have been successfully raised...? 这种省略是否严谨？ 如果不是出现在题干中，而是出现在答案选项中应该算对吗？
为什么要用完成时？你是不是看到V+ed，就以为是have done的结构的省略，其实，还有一种形式哦，be done，被动语态。
借原版主dreadpower的原话来说：用完成时，一定要有充足的理由，或是有时间提示语，或是有明显的意思提示非用不可。
本句就是省略了that are的被动语态，补全了：...birds that were successfully raised...
谢谢船长，第200题我同意，those替代是会造成歧义（和美国东部地震和西部地震带来的灾害相比较那题类似），但是259题干中的since sth. began in 1975 不可以理解成完成时态的标志吗？“自1975年开始的某个事件”不可以理解为“自1975年”吗？ 比如说： Many NNs have achieved unbelievably high scores in GMAT since the openning of CD forum started in 2000. (i don't know the exact time) ?
你举的这个例子非常好。
我认为，不能用those来指代soils，因为those 是指代那个特定的soils，即soils with a relatively long history of pesticide use 。。。。这样就会有问题了。只能用soils。
如果把你给出的句子中的those改成soils，我想，应该是可以替代A选项的。
偶想商榷商榷。我觉得that, those和it不同，这个特定指代的作用不是那么强烈。比如：
8. Lacking information about energy use, people tend to overestimate the amount of energy used by equipment. such as lights, that are visible and must be turned on and off and underestimate that used by unobtrusive equipment, such as water heaters.
(A) equipment, such as lights, that are visible and must be turned on and off and underestimate that
(B) equipment, such as lights, that are visible and must be turned on and off and underestimate it when
(C) equipment, such as lights, that is visible and must be turned on and off and underestimate it when
(D) visible equipment, such as lights, that must be turned on and off and underestimate that
(E) visible equipment, such as lights, that must be turned on and off and underestimate it when
这里正确答案D里最后一个that, 替代的就是energy,但是你不能说这个energy已经被lights用过了，不能再被water heater用了吧?
再比如：
112. Domestic automobile manufacturers have invested millions of dollars into research to develop cars more gasoline-efficient even than presently on the road.
(A) into research to develop cars more gasoline-efficient even than presently on the road
(B) into research for developing even more gasoline-efficient cars on the road than at present
(C) for research for cars to be developed that are more gasoline-efficient even than presently the road
(D) in research to develop cars even more gasoline-efficient than those at present on the road
(E) in research for developing cars that are even more gasoline-efficient than presently on the road
正确答案D里的those指的是cars,但是他们明显就是两种car,前面的是还没有造出来的，后面的是已经在路上的。
所以我认为，those的特定指代性不是那么强，而lifelover妹妹说的把soils换成those是可以的。望指教！多谢！
200. Certain pesticides can become ineffective if used repeatedly in the same place: one reason is suggested by the finding that there are much larger populations of pesticide-degrading microbes in soils with a relatively long history of pesticide use than in soils that are free of such chemicals.
(A) Certain pesticides can become ineffective if used repeatedly in the same place; one reason is suggested by the finding that there are much larger populations of pesticide-degrading microbes in soils with a relatively long history of pesticide use than in soils that are free of such chemicals.
(B) If used repeatedly in the same place, one reason that certain pesticides can become ineffective is suggested by the finding that there are much larger populations of pesticide-degrading microbes in soils with a relatively long history of pesticide use than in soils that are free of such chemicals.
(C) If used repeatedly in the same place, one reason certain pesticides can become ineffective is suggested by the finding that much larger populations of pesticide-degrading microbes are found in soils with a relatively long history of pesticide use than those that are free of such chemicals.
(D) The finding that there are much larger populations of pesticide-degrading microbes in soils with a relatively long history of pesticide use than in soils that are free of such chemicals is suggestive of one reason, if used repeatedly in the same place, certain pesticides can become ineffective.
(E) The finding of much larger populations of pesticide-degrading microbes in soils with a relatively long history of pesticide use than in those that are free of such chemicals suggests one reason certain pesticides can become ineffective if used repeatedly in the same place.
Choice A, the best answer, is the only one that manages syntactic control of the sentence. The sentence consists of two independent clauses, beginning Certain pesticides ... and one reason, which are connected by a semicolon. Dangling or misplaced modifiers plague choices B, C, and D: in each case, the phrase if used repeatedly in the same place illogically modifies one reason rather than certain pesticides. In choice E, The finding of much larger populations .. . than in those that is an improperly constructed comparison.
7楼的意见
你举的这个例子非常好。
我认为，不能用those来指代soils，因为those 是指代那个特定的soils，即soils with a relatively long history of pesticide use 。。。。这样就会有问题了。只能用soils。
如果把你给出的句子中的those改成soils，我想，应该是可以替代A选项的。
10楼的意见
偶想商榷商榷。我觉得that, those和it不同，这个特定指代的作用不是那么强烈。比如：
8. Lacking information about energy use, people tend to overestimate the amount of energy used by equipment. such as lights, that are visible and must be turned on and off and underestimate that used by unobtrusive equipment, such as water heaters.
(A)
equipment, such as lights, that are visible and must be turned on and off and underestimate that
(B) equipment, such as lights, that are visible and
must be turned on and off and underestimate it when
(C) equipment, such as lights, that is visible and must be turned on and off and underestimate it when
(D) visible equipment, such as lights, that must be
turned on and off and underestimate that
(E) visible equipment, such as lights, that must be
turned on and off and underestimate it when
这里正确答案D里最后一个that, 替代的就是energy,但是你不能说这个energy已经被lights用过了，不能再被water heater用了吧?
再比如：
112. Domestic automobile manufacturers have invested millions of dollars into research to develop cars more gasoline-efficient even than presently on the road.
(A) into research to develop cars more gasoline-efficient even than presently on the road
(B) into research for developing even more gasoline-efficient cars on the road than at present
(C)
for research for cars to be developed that are more gasoline-efficient even than presently the road
(D) in research to develop cars even more gasoline-efficient than those at present on the road
(E) in research for developing cars that are even
more gasoline-efficient than presently on the
road
正确答案D里的those指的是cars,但是他们明显就是两种car,前面的是还没有造出来的，后面的是已经在路上的。
所以我认为，those的特定指代性不是那么强，而lifelover妹妹说的把soils换成those是可以的。望指教！多谢！
如果不看这个讨论贴我根本都没有注意到这个知识点的不同。五个选顶中有三种说法。
比较选项中有than in soils ，than those, than in those,
可不可以用those 替换soils，如果能替代，那么是than in those 还是 than those 呢？？我看了上面的贴子觉得都有道理。请大家指点？？
单就这一点来讲，我认为10楼是对的，但此题不应用those代替，因为前面的名词太多，有歧义。
下面是我摘自网友的发言，并加入了我的看法，仅供参考：
指代同一东西最好用it/them,
it/them是特指的情况，即严格的就是某个具体的事物/人，如: the poor/og中关于东西部地震的体。
that/those则1)限定条件下使用,如 those who, those of, 2)泛指前面提到的事物，典型的是出现在比较句中，如: OG51-not like that of RR, OG-149, faster than those outside pinelands; that指前面的courage,可以是JR的courage也可以是RP的courage; those指前面的valuse,可以是pinelands的value也可以是outside pineland的value.
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