Two modes of argumentation have been used on
behalf of women’s emancipation in Western societies.
Arguments in what could be called the “relational”
feminist tradition maintain the doctrine of “equality in
(5) difference,” or equity as distinct for equality. They
posit that biological distinctions between the sexes
result in a necessary sexual division of labor in the
family and throughout society and that women’s pro-
creative labor is currently undervalued by society, to
(10) the disadvantage of women. By contrast, the individual-
ist feminist tradition emphasizes individual human rights
and celebrates women’s quest for personal autonomy,
while downplaying the importance of gender roles and
minimizing discussion of childbearing and its attendant
(15) responsibilities.
Before the late nineteenth century, these views
coexisted within the feminist movement, often within
the writings of the same individual. Between 1890 nd
1920, however, relational feminism, which had been the
(20) dominant strain in feminist thought, and which still pre-
dominates among European and non-Western feminists,
lost ground in
the concept of individual rights was already well estab-
lished in the Anglo-Saxon legal and political tradition,
(25) individualist feminism came to predominate in English-
speaking countries. At the same time, the goals of the
two approaches began to seem increasingly irreconcil-
able. Individualist feminists began to advocate a totally
gender-blind system with equal rights for all. Relational
(30) feminists, while agreeing that equal educational and
economic opportunities outside the home should be avail-
able for all women, continued to emphasize women’s
special contributions to society as homemakers and
mothers; they demanded special treatment
(35) including protective legislation for women workers,
state-sponsored maternity benefits, and paid compensa-
tion for housework.
Relational arguments have a major pitfall: because
they underline women’s physiological and psychological
(40) distinctiveness, they are often appropriated by political
adversaries and used to endorse male privilege. But the
individualist approach, by attacking gender roles, deny-
ing the significance of physiological difference, and
condemning existing familial institutions as hopelessly
(45) patriarchal, has often simply treated as irrelevant the
family roles important to many women. If the individu-
alist framework, with its claim for women’s autonomy,
could be harmonized with the family-oriented concerns
of relational feminists, a more fruitful model for con-
(50) temporary feminist politics could emerge.
129 : According to the author, which of the following was true of feminst thought in Western societies before 1890?
(a) Individualist feminst argumetns were not found in the thought or writing of nono-English-speaking feminists.
(b) Individualist feminism was a strain in feminist thought, but another strain, relational feminism, predominated.
(c) Relational and indivisualst approaches were equally prevalent in feminist thought and writing
(d) The predominant view among feminists held that the welfare of women was ultimately less miportant than the welfare of children.
(e) The predominant view among feminists held that the sexes should receive equal treatment under the law.
The answer is ( b) . From ETS explaintion, the answer comes from Line 16-20. My question is , line 18-20( Between 1890 and 1920, however, ...) is talking about the situation after 1890. Why ETS wants to consider it? Or any detail do I ignore?
I choose C.
NNs.....please kindly help me out! Thank you so much!!!
Jennifer
(20) dominant strain in feminist thought
这不就是B吗
Dear fair_sword,
Thank you soooo much! I found I made a mistake...not notice " had been" so I thought the situation was after 1890! I am an idiot! Thank you again!!!!
All the best,
Jennifer
(20) dominant strain in feminist thought
这不就是B吗
同意。
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