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标题: [求助][讨论]求救!几道og题!og-169,og-183,0g-186,og-195 [打印本页]

作者: fernandochang 时间: 2003-6-27 09:28
标题: [求助][讨论]求救!几道og题!og-169,og-183,0g-186,og-195

og 写的解释像天书! 还请大虾们救命!!!
OFFICIAL GUIDE CRITICAL REASONING
169. Corporate officers and directors commonly buy and sell, for their own portfolios, stock in their own corporations. Generally, when the ratio of such inside sales to inside purchases falls below 2 to 1 for a given stock, a rise in stock prices is imminent. In recent days, while the price of MEGA Corporation stock has been falling, the corporation's officers and directors have bought up to nine times as much of it as they have sold.

The facts above best support which of the following predictions?

(A) The imbalance between inside purchases and inside sales of MEGA stock will grow
even further.
(B) Inside purchases of MEGA stock are about to cease abruptly.
(C) The price of MEGA stock will soon begin to go up.
(D) The price of MEGA stock will continue to drop, but less rapidly.
(E) The majority of MEGA stock will soon be owned by MEGA's own officers and directors.
A）：C

183.
Editorial:
Regulations recently imposed by the government of Risemia call for unprecedented reductions in the amounts of pollutants manufacturers are allowed to discharge into the environment. It will take costly new pollution control equipment requiring expensive maintenance to comply with these regulations. Resultant price increases for Risemian manufactured goods will lead to the loss of some export markets. Clearly, therefore, annual exports of Risemian manufactured goods will in the future occur at diminished levels.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument in the editorial?

(A) The need to comply with the new regulations will stimulate the development within Risemia of new pollution control equipment for which a strong worldwide demand is likely to emerge.
(B) The proposed regulations include a schedule of fines for noncompliance that escalate steeply in cases of repeated noncompliance.
(C) Savings from utilizing the chemicals captured by the pollution control equipment will remain far below the cost of maintaining the equipment.
(D) By international standards, the levels of pollutants currently emitted by some of Risemia's manufacturing plants are not considered excessive.
(E) The stockholders of most Risemia? manufacturing corporations exert substantial pressure on the corporations to comply with environmental laws.
A):A

186. Offshore oil-drilling operations entail an unavoidable risk of an oil spill, but importing oil on tankers presently entails an even greater such risk per barrel of oil. Therefore, if we are to reduce the risk of an oil spill without curtailing our use of oil, we must invest more in offshore operations and import less oil on tankers.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument above?

(A) Tankers can easily be redesigned so that their use entails less risk of an oil spill.
(B) Oil spills caused by tankers have generally been more serious than those caused by offshore operations.
(C) The impact of offshore operations on the environment can be controlled by careful management.
(D) Offshore operations usually damage the ocean floor, but tankers rarely cause such damage.
(E) Importing oil on tankers is currently less expensive than drilling for it offshore.
A):

195.
A proposed change to federal income tax laws would eliminate deductions from taxable income for donations a taxpayer has made to charitable and educational institutions. If this change were adopted, wealthy individuals would no longer be permitted such deductions. Therefore, many charitable and educational institutions would have to reduce services, and some would have to close their doors.

The argument above assumes which of the following?

(A) Without the incentives offered by federal income tax laws, at least some wealthy individuals would not donate as much money to charitable and educational institutions as they otherwise would have.
(B) Money contributed by individuals who make their donations because of provisions in the federal tax laws provides the only source of funding for many charitable and educational institutions.
(C) The primary reason for not adopting the proposed change in the federal income tax laws cited above is to protect wealthy individuals from having to pay higher taxes.
(D) Wealthy individuals who donate money to charitable and educational institutions are the only individuals who donate money to such institutions.
(E) Income tax laws should be changed to make donations to charitable and educational institutions the only permissible deductions from taxable income.
A）：A

作者: mike1999 时间: 2003-6-27 14:06
第一题：应该属于演绎题型，注意文章的论证。它的前提是内部人买得多的时候价格肯定就要上升了。给出的条件是，尽管股价一直在跌，内部人买的比率迅速上升。从文章的前提条件就可以得出，价格是要上升了。
第二题：削弱题。这里运用的削弱方法是削弱结论的前提。它的前提是出口的下降是由价格的上升引起的。所以如果有其他原因可以不让出口下降，就是找到他因，就可以达到削弱的目的了。
第三题和前面一样。前提是油船漏油的危险大。如果有其他原因不让油船漏油，那么就可以达到削弱的目的了。
第四题是假设题文章的推理结构是：no incentive-->reduction of donation-->some charitable organizaiton will close.假设就是要找到前提与结论之间的桥梁。就是inventive和close之间的关系，a很明显起到了这个作用。

作者: Fabulous 时间: 2005-1-3 16:58

still confused about 183

作者: 我爱欧洲 时间: 2005-6-5 15:35

169。sale:purchase<2:1时，股价会立刻上升；目前sale:purchase=1:9.

结论：股价要涨。

作者: smalltree 时间: 2005-7-19 10:16
请NN指点og-183

作者: piaony 时间: 2005-9-14 00:36

觉得183 的答案A 牵强。 NN 给分析下，谢谢！

作者: Kevin4U 时间: 2005-9-21 20:33

文章结论：Clearly, therefore, annual exports of Risemian manufactured goods （任何工业商品）will in the future occur at diminished levels.

找削弱：(A) The need to comply with the new regulations will stimulate the development within Risemia of new pollution control equipment for which a strong worldwide demand is likely to emerge.

A 反正减缓了 loss of some export markets，是他因削弱

作者: n加感叹号 时间: 2005-9-23 00:47

我也觉得牵强！

作者: erer 时间: 2005-9-23 02:51

政府规定减少污染企业, 导致新的控制污染设备的成本增加. 结果导致企业出口减少.因此企业出口会每年持续减少.

A: 政府规定导致企业开发新的污染控制设备, 这些设备的需求在全球增加.

A说明虽然以前的产品出口减少,但是新的设备的出口增加了, 所以总的出口不会每年减少.削弱结论

作者: roric 时间: 2006-7-8 19:25

企业原本就是pollutants生产商，然后A选项说他因会刺激新需求，来削弱企业pollution equipment出口减少。

是这样吗，我连题目都觉得不太好理解

作者: eeky 时间: 2006-12-9 23:41

我觉得这不是他因削弱。而是直接削弱结论。

推理有一个因果关系，就是价格上升（因）导致了部分出口市场的损失（果）。但是Ａ选项是说对另一种设备的出口需求增长，所以是直接削弱结论的。

有ＮＮ指点么？

作者: 我爱人民币 时间: 2007-6-26 11:51

(A) The need to comply with the new regulations will stimulate the development within Risemia of new pollution control
equipment for which a strong worldwide demand is likely to emerge.

对A一直有疑问：

1、R国对国内企业实行减排措施可以促进环保设备制造业的发展，这样的发展可以理解是国内的甚至是国际的。因为在国内需求不能很好的满足的前提下，很多减排企业会进口部分环保设备。

2、R国实施减排不一定会带动其他国家减排，其他国家有什么理由向R国进口呢？这样又怎么会有strong worldwide demand呢？

难道我的思维有问题？

[此贴子已经被作者于2007-6-26 11:54:14编辑过]

作者: huangyh03 时间: 2007-9-12 05:38

楼上思维确实有问题，作题是基于a这个事实去weaken原题的结论，而不是让你对a本身的合理性质疑。话说回来，我觉得a逻辑也没有什么大问题吧，只是思维方式和考虑问题的出发点不同才会有你这样的问题。比如西方很多人认为环境保护是理所当然的，所以会有这样的固定思维既然是好事大家都会去做。但是国内可能就会不一样，环保成本太高了，所以你们谁爱做谁去做，关我什么事，我只管赚自己的钱。

呵呵，只是个比方

作者: huihui_717 时间: 2007-11-19 00:13
标题: 同问

我和eeky想的一样，所以当时看到解释的时候想了好半天。

作者: billytang1980 时间: 2007-11-23 11:17

169. Corporate officers and directors commonly buy and sell, for their own portfolios, stock in their own corporations. Generally, when the ratio of such inside sales to inside purchases falls below 2 to 1 for a given stock, a rise in stock prices is imminent. In recent days, while the price of MEGA Corporation stock has been falling, the corporation's officers and directors have bought up to nine times as much of it as they have sold.

The facts above best support which of the following predictions?

(A) The imbalance between inside purchases and inside sales of MEGA stock will grow
even further.
(B) Inside purchases of MEGA stock are about to cease abruptly.
(C) The price of MEGA stock will soon begin to go up.
(D) The price of MEGA stock will continue to drop, but less rapidly.
(E) The majority of MEGA stock will soon be owned by MEGA's own officers and directors

the ratio of such inside sales 下降，stock prices上升

所以 the price of MEGA 下降 Ratio 9倍于先前的。

那么C中价格M将上升。证明了这股价将继续上升。

排除法，A imbalance 原文没有讲到。B中 Inside 价格，文中没有强调，无关。

D股价下降，相反。E股票将属于官员，也不对。

作者: buckeyegirl 时间: 2008-4-3 02:50

169不玩股票的理解起来真困难

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