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标题: 纠错:关于prep2007 139题对于正确答案的解释 [打印本页]

作者: leonnong    时间: 2012-5-27 12:53
标题: 纠错:关于prep2007 139题对于正确答案的解释
首先很感谢各位前辈辛苦总结的prep语法答案,里面的解释让人受益匪浅~但是今天做了prep2007 139题,看了答案,发现答案的解释有些问题,而这个问题还挺重要的,就上来跟各位G友分享一下!
139.(32103-!-item-!-188;#058&006640)



Taste buds are onion-shaped structures with between 50 and 100 taste cells, each of them has fingerlike projections poking through the opening located at the top of the taste bud called the taste pore.



(A) them has fingerlike projections poking through the opening located at the top of the taste bud called the taste pore

(B) them that have fingerlike projections that poke through an opening located at the top of the taste bud, which they call the taste pore

(C) which has fingerlike projections poking through the opening, called the taste pore, located at the top of the taste bud

(D) which having fingerlike projections that poke through an opening, which is called the taste pore, located at the top of the taste bud

(E) which have fingerlike projections that are poking through an opening located at the top of the taste bud called the taste pore

C.正确,each of which引导从句,拓展了句子意思,避免了run-on错误;此外,该选项修饰关系
明确:called located均修饰fingerlike projections
纠错:
called 不是修饰fingerlike projections 而是 opening,而located是修饰taste pore 或者 opening。因为opening和taste pore都是一个东西,修饰谁无所谓!

关于“V-ing”和"V-ed"的用法区别:
V-ED 无论有无逗号,都只修饰与它最接近的成分
V-ing 就比较复杂了,一般而言,有逗号的情况,它修饰前面句子的主语,做伴随状语,或者结果状语。但必须满足主语和这个V-ing有合理的逻辑关系!
无逗号的情况,一般修饰紧跟着的成分;但是有例外,可以跳跃修饰!!但是这种情况比较少见,例子一时半会找不到了,等我找到了我会贴上了
如果有不正确的地方~希望NN纠正



明确:called located均修饰fingerlike projections
纠错:
called 不是修饰fingerlike projections 而是 opening,而located是修饰taste pore 或者 opening。因为opening和taste pore都是一个东西,修饰谁无所谓!

关于“V-ing”和"V-ed"的用法区别:
V-ED 无论有无逗号,都只修饰与它最接近的成分
V-ing 就比较复杂了,一般而言,有逗号的情况,它修饰前面句子的主语,做伴随状语,或者结果状语。但必须满足主语和这个V-ing有合理的逻辑关系!
无逗号的情况,一般修饰紧跟着的成分;但是有例外,可以跳跃修饰!!但是这种情况比较少见,例子一时半会找不到了,等我找到了我会贴上了
如果有不正确的地方~希望NN纠正


作者: babybearmm    时间: 2012-5-27 13:16
nice job~~ I totally agree with you.
作者: leonnong    时间: 2012-5-27 14:20

作者: superbat28    时间: 2012-5-28 09:40
关于called和located的修饰问题,表示赞成。

但是V-ing的用法,还是应该是分成三种情况的说。

其中【, V-ing】情况的话,可以做伴随状语或结果状语。其中,伴随状语是要要求其逻辑主语是句子主语的;结果状语的话,逻辑主语要是整个句子,【也就是说不单是句子主语是逻辑主语,而是整个主句是逻辑主语】。

此外,【V-ing】结构直接跟在名词后的话,V-ing可以作为定语,修饰前面紧邻名词。
作者: leonnong    时间: 2012-5-30 00:13
关于called和located的修饰问题,表示赞成。

但是V-ing的用法,还是应该是分成三种情况的说。

其中【, V-ing】情况的话,可以做伴随状语或结果状语。其中,伴随状语是要要求其逻辑主语是句子主语的;结果状语的话,逻辑主语要是整个句子,【也就是说不单是句子主语是逻辑主语,而是整个主句是逻辑主语】。

此外,【V-ing】结构直接跟在名词后的话,V-ing可以作为定语,修饰前面紧邻名词。
-- by 会员 superbat28 (2012/5/28 9:40:34)



嗯~~斑竹说的没错~~
不过再补充一下~就是【V-ing】结构直接跟在名词后的情况: 之前我也提到了,V-ing不一定修饰前面紧邻的名词,例子终于找到啦(我直接贴上正确答案了)~
prep2007 第33题
Like the great navigators who first sailed around the Earth gathering information about its size and the curvature of its surface, astronomers have made new observations that show with startling directness the large-scale geometry of the universe.

这句子gathering并不修饰earth(如果修饰earth逻辑明显不通了), 而是作为副词修饰语修饰前面的句子。
我直接引用RON的话吧~大家如果还有疑问可以直接去Manhattan搜一下
it's the official answer, so, "gathering" CAN, as you put it, "skip through the preceding noun." or, more likely, it's used as an adverbial modifier, modifying the preceding CLAUSE.

作者: superbat28    时间: 2012-5-30 09:35
关于called和located的修饰问题,表示赞成。

但是V-ing的用法,还是应该是分成三种情况的说。

其中【, V-ing】情况的话,可以做伴随状语或结果状语。其中,伴随状语是要要求其逻辑主语是句子主语的;结果状语的话,逻辑主语要是整个句子,【也就是说不单是句子主语是逻辑主语,而是整个主句是逻辑主语】。

此外,【V-ing】结构直接跟在名词后的话,V-ing可以作为定语,修饰前面紧邻名词。
-- by 会员 superbat28 (2012/5/28 9:40:34)




嗯~~斑竹说的没错~~
不过再补充一下~就是【V-ing】结构直接跟在名词后的情况: 之前我也提到了,V-ing不一定修饰前面紧邻的名词,例子终于找到啦(我直接贴上正确答案了)~
prep2007 第33题
Like the great navigators who first sailed around the Earth gathering information about its size and the curvature of its surface, astronomers have made new observations that show with startling directness the large-scale geometry of the universe.

这句子gathering并不修饰earth(如果修饰earth逻辑明显不通了), 而是作为副词修饰语修饰前面的句子。
我直接引用RON的话吧~大家如果还有疑问可以直接去Manhattan搜一下
it's the official answer, so, "gathering" CAN, as you put it, "skip through the preceding noun." or, more likely, it's used as an adverbial modifier, modifying the preceding CLAUSE.
-- by 会员 leonnong (2012/5/30 0:13:59)



嗯..所以一般来说【V-ing】结构是优先做状语存在的,尤其是在【, V-ing】这种结构中,它尤其优先做状语。
但在一些情况下,如果做状语讲不通的话,【V-ing】是可以做定语修饰前面名词的。也就是说V-ing优先考虑做状语,但它从未丢失做定语的这种可能。
作者: babybearmm    时间: 2012-5-30 12:45
关于called和located的修饰问题,表示赞成。

但是V-ing的用法,还是应该是分成三种情况的说。

其中【, V-ing】情况的话,可以做伴随状语或结果状语。其中,伴随状语是要要求其逻辑主语是句子主语的;结果状语的话,逻辑主语要是整个句子,【也就是说不单是句子主语是逻辑主语,而是整个主句是逻辑主语】。

此外,【V-ing】结构直接跟在名词后的话,V-ing可以作为定语,修饰前面紧邻名词。
-- by 会员 superbat28 (2012/5/28 9:40:34)




嗯~~斑竹说的没错~~
不过再补充一下~就是【V-ing】结构直接跟在名词后的情况: 之前我也提到了,V-ing不一定修饰前面紧邻的名词,例子终于找到啦(我直接贴上正确答案了)~
prep2007 第33题
Like the great navigators who first sailed around the Earth gathering information about its size and the curvature of its surface, astronomers have made new observations that show with startling directness the large-scale geometry of the universe.

这句子gathering并不修饰earth(如果修饰earth逻辑明显不通了), 而是作为副词修饰语修饰前面的句子。
我直接引用RON的话吧~大家如果还有疑问可以直接去Manhattan搜一下
it's the official answer, so, "gathering" CAN, as you put it, "skip through the preceding noun." or, more likely, it's used as an adverbial modifier, modifying the preceding CLAUSE.
-- by 会员 leonnong (2012/5/30 0:13:59)



啊,你也找到这个反例了,当时yake和我讨论这个来着
http://forum.chasedream.com/GMAT_Preparation/thread-646901-216-1.html?extparms=ThreadCatalogID%3D3%26page%3D1    #2151-2153


感觉english language比我们心目中的规则要灵活很多,比如这题就是,要表达这个逻辑意思,如果完全按规则,就根本没法表达,无解。
所以就只好“法外开恩”。所以解题的时候抓住逻辑意思就好啦~个人看法.
作者: 爱思考的猴子    时间: 2013-2-6 00:58
刚看到这题,感觉也是不对。

正确翻译应该如下:味蕾(taste buds)由50100个味觉细胞(taste cells)组成,每个味觉细胞上都有手指状的小突起穿过开口,这些开口叫做味孔(taste pore),位于在味蕾的顶端。

附图一张,直观明了
[attachimg=555,405]113977[/attachimg]

作者: 杀G给猴看    时间: 2013-4-22 22:38
好帖点个赞!终于解开了我对解析的疑惑~~

而且觉得,如果按照笔记上写的,两个都修饰fingerlike projections的话,本来poking就是修饰projections的,无论called是不是非限定性修饰成分,似乎called和located之间都少连词?……(而且觉得如果called是非限定的话……这么一堆都修饰p,这结构略乱啊……)




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