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标题: lawyer里面百思不得其解的一题，怎么想都觉得两个答案都对 [打印本页]

作者: hch1989 时间: 2012-5-8 15:11
标题: lawyer里面百思不得其解的一题，怎么想都觉得两个答案都对

A proposed change to federal income tax laws would eliminate deductions from taxable income for donations a taxpayer has made to charitable and educational institutions. If this change were adopted, wealthy individuals would no longer be permitted such deductions. Therefore, many charitable and educational institutions would have to reduce services, and some would have to close their doors.

The argument above assumes which of the following?

(A) Without the incentives offered by federal income tax laws, at least some wealthy individuals would not donate as much money to charitable and educational institutions as they otherwise would have.

(B) Money contributed by individuals who make their donations because of provisions in the federal tax laws provides the only source of funding for many charitable and educational institutions.

(C) The primary reason for not adopting the proposed change in the federal income tax laws cited above is to protect wealthy individuals from having to pay higher taxes.

(D) Wealthy individuals who donate money to charitable and educational institutions are the only individuals who donate money to such institutions.A

(E) Income tax laws should be changed to make donations to charitable and educational institutions the only permissible deductions from taxable income.

原文逻辑链：首先政府取消减免，从而导致高帅富捐赠不能避税，推出结论慈善机构要跪。
我认为的gap：1.高帅富就是冲着incentive去的。2. 慈善机构的生存依赖于高帅富
所以为了填补这块空白。
观看正确答案A，只表现了1，也就是高帅富爱incentive
观看我认为正确的答案B，既用一个从句满足了1：捐款的高帅富和普通大众都爱incentive，而且满足了2：这些冲着incentive去的捐款是慈善机构的唯一来源。不应该是B更加对么？

作者: hch1989 时间: 2012-5-8 15:38
赐我一只精壮的大牛吧~

作者: maestri 时间: 2012-5-8 15:41
C 选项不能作为assumption,句型看来可以作conclusion;

这道题是找必要条件，而不是充分条件，因此A尽管不充分，但却必要。

作者: hch1989 时间: 2012-5-8 15:45
C选项？那B选项为什么错？

作者: maestri 时间: 2012-5-8 17:22
题目中并未指出因为这种政策，富人捐款一定会少。A选项指出富人捐款会少，B选项指出是唯一来源，但是并未指出，富人捐款额度会因这个政策而减少。

如果没有减少，那也没有影响啊。原句翻译如下，请参考：

原本州收入税法中，纳税人向慈善机构和教育机构所捐的金额可以不交税，现在有人提议取消这一激励措施。
如果改变被采纳，富人将不会被承诺此项减免。（注意这句：富人不被承诺减免税收，但是富人对这项政策怎么反应呢？这就是assumption应当指出的问题了）
因此，许多慈善和教育机构将不得不减少服务，有一些也会关门。

A．没有联邦税法的激励政策，至少一些富人将不会捐献如有这种政策时那么多的钱。----因为政策而带来的变化

B．因为联邦税法条款而捐献的个人所捐献的款项是许多慈善和教育机构的唯一资金来源。---没有指出富人的反应

C．不采用这项提议的主要原因是为了保护富人不要交更高的税---这句与assumption无关，改改题目可以做个conclusion句型。说明事实后给出结论。Therefore,the reason for... is ...这里不多讨论

作者: Jianke311 时间: 2012-11-8 06:57
我也感觉A和B都对,但是B是直接和结论挂勾的,,,如果问题是
which of the following must be true, 那我觉得答案应该是A,,,,但是此处为什么要问assume? assumption的作用应该就是假定某个条件,从而能够推出结论么? B应该就是能起到这样的作用呀? 哪位高手能够指点一下呢?

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