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标题: OG12 第6题 关于them的指代 【求助】 [打印本页]

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作者: cathynine    时间: 2012-5-5 00:37
标题: OG12 第6题 关于them的指代 【求助】
6. In late 1997, the chambers inside the pyramid of the
Pharaoh Menkaure at Giza were closed to visitors for
cleaning and repair due to moisture exhaled by
tourists, which raised its humidity to such levels so
that salt from the stone was crystallizing and fungus
was growing on the walls.
(A) due to moisture exhaled by tourists, which
raised its humidity to such levels so that salt
from the stone was crystallizing
(B) due to moisture that tourists had exhaled,
thereby raising its humidity to such levels that
salt from the stone would crystallize
(C) because tourists were exhaling moisture, which
had raised the humidity within them to levels
such that salt from the stone would crystallize
(D) because of moisture that was exhaled by
tourists raising the humidity within them to levels
so high as to make the salt from the stone
crystallize
(E) because moisture exhaled by tourists had raised
the humidity within them to such levels that salt
from the stone was crystallizing

答案选E，
为什么OG上说，C和D选项中“The pronoun them seems to refer to tourists,which is nonsensical”;而E选项中“and them clearly refers to chambers.”？
可以怎么判断出来？找了之前别人发的一些帖子，但还是没有弄明白，求教。

PS，有人说，
C句子结构：
The chambers were v.-ed, because tourists were v.-ing, which raise sth. in them...
them指代前面出现过的复数名词，前面有两个复数名词，一个chambers一个tourists，而且tourists还离得近点，有歧义。

E句子结构：
The chambers were v.-ed, because moisture ... had raised sth. in them...
them指代前面出现过的唯一的复数名词，chambers，无歧义。by tourists出现在修饰moisture的定语中，不可能做them的antecedent。

但是E和D还是很相似呀

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作者: winy    时间: 2012-5-5 12:27
关键是D用了分词结构，分词结构表伴随，极大可能就近指代tourists，而E无此问题。
但D后面的So...as to表目的在这里很不合适，和crystallize没用现在进行时，这两个问题比指代不清的问题更严重啊。

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作者: cathynine    时间: 2012-5-5 22:12
谢谢楼上~
理解你的意思了！
我当时看到这的时候就是被那些代词弄迷糊了  平常做题的时候也经常不敢拿它做第一个判断点

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作者: CCcarol    时间: 2012-5-8 22:31
Cathy哇~ 我再提供我的一个思路~ 如果考试的时候都出现because和because of 的话先看because of后面的句子是不是名词短语~或者是不是句子~ 如果句子太冗长了一般都可以秒杀掉了~~~小建议~~~

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作者: zombiee    时间: 2012-5-8 22:57
这么巧，我也想问

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作者: zombiee    时间: 2012-5-10 23:15
补充OG解释

Agreement; Parallelism
Th e plural subject chambers requires plural
pronouns. Th e sentence explains a causal sequence:
visitors’ breath introduced moisture that caused
salt to crystallize, which caused the chambers to
be closed for cleaning and repair. Th e phrase due to
makes this causal sequence somewhat ambiguous,
seeming to suggest that the repairs were due to
humidity from visitors’ breath.
A Due to is an imprecise expression of the
causal connection between the tourists’
breath and the closing of the museum for
cleaning; the singular pronoun its does not
agree with the plural antecedent chambers.
B It is not at all clear what the reference is for
the pronoun its; fungus was growing should
be parallel to salt … was crystallizing (not
would crystallize) because it is another eff ect
of the humidity.
C Th e pronoun them seems to refer to tourists,
which is nonsensical; the entire construction
is awkward and wordy; would crystallize is
not parallel to was growing.
D Once again, them seems to refer to tourists;
the entire construction is awkward, wordy,
and ambiguous; crystallize is not parallel to
was growing.
E Correct. Th e causal sequence is clear, and
them clearly refers to chambers.
Th e correct answer is E.

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作者: babybearmm    时间: 2012-5-11 09:32
这题我觉得不用纠结于什么所谓的"them"在正确选项里清晰而在错误选项里不清晰，以前讨论过GMAT对pronoun ambiguity这个问题上并不是很stringent. 我个人觉得，them本身在错误选项里也没啥问题。关键是这题错误选项都有逻辑错误。
pronoun ambiguity should NOT be the deciding factor. 往往伴随别的逻辑问题一起出现。

在有一种情况下是需要注意的，那就是选项中存在SPLIT! 比如有选项是them （有潜在歧义），而有的选项是"the insects"（无歧异）。那么根据这样一个split，我们就排除前者的选项。（这一点Ron在曾经某次study hall里讲过）

但是这道题，所有选项都有them，所以咱就不能靠them来排除任何的选项，因为这里them根本就不是一个split.

至于这道题怎么解，就是逻辑。
Because of moisture (a noun)?
OR
Because of the whole idea expressed in a clause?
详见Ron今天的study hall.

6. In late 1997, the chambers inside the pyramid of the
Pharaoh Menkaure at Giza were closed to visitors for
cleaning and repair due to moisture exhaled by
tourists, which raised its humidity to such levels so
that salt from the stone was crystallizing and fungus
was growing on the walls.
(A) due to moisture exhaled by tourists, which
raised its humidity to such levels so that salt
from the stone was crystallizing
(B) due to moisture that tourists had exhaled,
thereby raising its humidity to such levels that
salt from the stone would crystallize
(C) because tourists were exhaling moisture, which
had raised the humidity within them to levels
such that salt from the stone would crystallize
(D) because of moisture that was exhaled by
tourists raising the humidity within them to levels
so high as to make the salt from the stone
crystallize
(E) because moisture exhaled by tourists had raised
the humidity within them to such levels that salt
from the stone was crystallizing

答案选E，
为什么OG上说，C和D选项中“The pronoun them seems to refer to tourists,which is nonsensical”;而E选项中“and them clearly refers to chambers.”？
可以怎么判断出来？找了之前别人发的一些帖子，但还是没有弄明白，求教。

PS，有人说，
C句子结构：
The chambers were v.-ed, because tourists were v.-ing, which raise sth. in them...
them指代前面出现过的复数名词，前面有两个复数名词，一个chambers一个tourists，而且tourists还离得近点，有歧义。

E句子结构：
The chambers were v.-ed, because moisture ... had raised sth. in them...
them指代前面出现过的唯一的复数名词，chambers，无歧义。by tourists出现在修饰moisture的定语中，不可能做them的antecedent。

但是E和D还是很相似呀

-- by 会员 cathynine (2012/5/5 0:37:29)

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作者: teddybearj4    时间: 2012-5-11 10:32
同意baby姐的呀~其实cathy你可以去搜一些bacause和because of的正确句子去感觉，这两个的用法是可以分辨出来的。

"bacause + clause，SVO"，clause整个是原因，举个例子：
Because the school bus was broke down this morning，I was late for school today.
because后面的clause构成了"I was late for school today"的原因。

"because of n. , SVO", noun是后面SVO的原因，同上例子：
Because of the school bus that was broke down this morning，I was late for school today.
the school bus是"I was late for school today"的原因，意思当然不对，bus本身怎么会导致后面的结果？
而后面的that从句只不过是bus的一个modifier而已。

然后是them的指代歧义，其实指代的问题曾经也让我很纠结，什么平行指代，就近指代什么的，不到最后两选项，我都特别少考虑歧义。
代词指代的话一般都指代前面出现过的noun。放在句首的modifier里面的代词，像是Ving或者是Ved结构里面的代词是向后指代主语的。
这里的E选项指代的只可能是chambers，因为tourists是在by tourists这个prep. phrase里面的，them这个代词是指代不到它的。
而D选项里面的chambers和tourists是处在一种平等的位置上，所以them的指代是有歧义的！

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作者: teddybearj4    时间: 2012-5-11 10:35
其实这种because和becuse of的用法区别，和一般常见的noun.的用法，如evidence of 和 evidence that……，report of 和 report that……的区别很像。
通常of结构没有that同位语从句好的原因就是没办法完整表达句子原来的意思！

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作者: cathynine    时间: 2012-5-11 18:45
谢谢baby姐和teddy~  每次去找问题总能发现你们的解释就超开心  看你们的解释都很受用

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作者: 双色鹿    时间: 2012-5-11 20:37
笨笨，这个问题小鹿以前也纠结过，搜了好多以前的帖子，这个给了小鹿一些启发~
http://forum.chasedream.com/GMAT_SC/thread-583179-1-1.html?SearchText=OG%206
3楼那个~
给粘过来吧~
来自G4500
“非牛，交流下，从句的代词优先指代主句的主语是GMAC关于代词指代少数的几个原则之一，E刚好满足这个要求，them直接在because引导的从句里面。
反观D，这个我尝试解答啊，呵呵，them在that从句里面，与chambers之间隔了一层关系，优先指代moisture，但是这个是单数的，逻辑不成立，就有可能就近指代复数的tourists。
主要是D选项是从句的从句，E就简洁的多。 ”

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作者: cathynine    时间: 2012-5-11 20:56
正好上来找题就看到笨笨给我的回复啦~
弄清楚了这些个代词它在句子里指代的位置是在哪里，这个是我最想要的答案~

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作者: hscryzer    时间: 2012-6-16 01:10
这道题目好像还是很搞

我来回整理了好几次代词的问题，which that在宾语从句中好像就很容易排斥掉，因为就近指代会出很多问题

但是it them they之类就很模糊，有时候对 有时候讲不清楚，有些题目会做的比较好前面到后面两个名词单复数分开，那么就好判断了，但是有些前后两个名词同时是单数或者复数就分不清楚

太傻POE第一章第19题我做笔记的时候也说那个them用的不太好，但是那题里前面一个单数，后面一个复数所以分的还算清楚，还是用一个名词比较好 OG这道题目就非常搞

考试时候时间很紧张，真不知道能不能找出那种感觉

这道题D的话是不是因为that was exhaled 以及后面的level so high相较E选项的such levels更加wordy呢

郁闷 很多人都说OG前面都是容易题 上来就碰到这种题目真是丧失信心啊

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作者: 油闹家    时间: 2016-7-10 20:03
一堆大神的好帖啊，每次看到这样的帖子我都会信心倍增啊啊啊啊！

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