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标题: 两道OG的题目比较 [打印本页]

作者: andromedaa 时间: 2012-3-26 18:25
标题: 两道OG的题目比较
Neuroscientists,having amassed a wealth of knowledge over the past twenty years about the brainand its development from birth to adulthood, are now drawing solid conclusions about how the humanbrain grows and how babies acquire language.
(A)Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth of knowledge over the past twentyyears about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood, are
(B)Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth of knowledge about the brain and itsdevelopment from birth to adulthood over the past twenty years, and are
(C)Neuroscientists amassing a wealth of knowledge about the brain and itsdevelopment from birth to adulthood over the past twenty years, and are
(D)Neuroscientists have amassed a wealth of knowledge over the past twenty yearsabout the brain and its development from birth to adulthood,
(E)Neuroscientists have amassed, over the past twenty years, a wealth of knowledgeabout the brain and its development from birth to adulthood,
答案是A， OG对D项的解释: The final descriptor in present tense,now drawing conclusions....does not fitthe opening clause, which is in present-prefecttense(have amassed a wealth)and seems to midify adulthood.

按这个原则做题应该没什么问题，但OG78又出现了其他情况：
Fossils of the arm of a sloth found in PuertoRico in 1991, and dated at 34 million years old, made it the earliest knownmammal of the Greater Antilles islands.D
A. slothfound in Puerto Rico in 1991, and dated at 34 million years old, made it theearliest known mammal of
B. sloth,that they found in Puerto Rico in 1991, has been dated at 34 million years old,thus making it the earliest mammal known on
C. sloththat was found in Puerto Rico in 1991, was dated at 34 million years old,making this the earliest known mammal of
D. sloth, found in Puerto Rico in 1991, have beendated at 34 million years old, making the sloth the earliest known mammalon (D)
E. slothwhich, found in Puerto Rico in 1991, was dated at 34 million years old, madethe sloth the earliest known mammal of
在这里同样主句使用了完成时，为什么making就没有作为定语修饰前面名词的歧义了呢？求NN指教

作者: ahasusanna 时间: 2012-3-31 21:45
making前面哪有名词啊

作者: mongmong 时间: 2012-4-4 17:55
我也想问同样的问题，为何OG 21里对D选项（错误选项）的解释“The final descriptor in present tense, now drawing conclusions … does not fit the opening clause, which is in present-perfect tense (have amassed a wealth …)”不适用于OG 78 的正确选项D?

作者: 切尔西 时间: 2012-4-4 21:45
其实LZ列出的题目问题里面，下面的那个题目Making修饰的是前面的发现这个现象，或者也可以说是修饰34 million years old

作者: 切尔西 时间: 2012-4-4 21:47
然后那个第一个题目中的D选项还有一个问题就是，他改变了原句的句子结构，原句是强调后面的部分，而D选项变成了强调前面的部分了，而后面的部分变成了从属成分

作者: mongmong 时间: 2012-4-4 21:50

然后那个第一个题目中的D选项还有一个问题就是，他改变了原句的句子结构，原句是强调后面的部分，而D选项变成了强调前面的部分了，而后面的部分变成了从属成分

-- by 会员切尔西 (2012/4/4 21:47:04)

多谢切尔西~~嗯，从句子意思的角度来理解，我就可以接受了~~只是OG的解释不太对了。

作者: mongmong 时间: 2012-4-4 22:42
关于OG-21题的DE选项和78题的时态的矛盾，我觉得是不是这样的：

1) 78题, 从句子意思上分析，“making ...” 不表伴随,表结果，当", ving"表结果的时候，主句时态是完成时态；

2) 21题", drawing..."不表伴随（从句子意义上分析，having amassed a wealth of knowledge 不可以要求drawing solid conclusions伴随）；

3) 21题", drawing"也不能表结果, 原因有两个，一是1)推理来的, 二是我感觉句末表结果的verb通常是“无实意的动词”比如bringing (the number of ... to 34)-OG47, making (the sloth the earliest known mammal...)-OG78. 如果是drawing solid conclusions这样的“实意的动词”，就不适合做结果了。

4) 来自99qiuqiu的解释，我觉得也有参考意义“now drawing 和drawing 在语气上是有区别的，作者有强调后面句子的intent，所以are now drawing 是main verb.” http://forum.chasedream.com/GMAT_SC/thread-695474-1-1.html?postid=16132153&searchmode=TopicContent&searchtext=Neuroscientists%20havin#last

我疑问地是，主句是完成时时，",ving" 在句末是错误的这个规则还存在吗？倘若存在，是不是仅限于", ving"表伴随时?

其实我觉得关于完成时态后面不能跟,ving的说法很奇怪，那为什么独独只对完成时有这个要求，一般过去时也是描述过去发生的事，就可以跟,ving。

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2012-4-10 07:29

1) 78题, 从句子意思上分析，“making ...” 不表伴随,表结果，当", ving"表结果的时候，主句时态是完成时态；

2) 21题", drawing..."不表伴随（从句子意义上分析，having amassed a wealth of knowledge 不可以要求drawing solid conclusions伴随）；

3) 21题", drawing"也不能表结果, 原因有两个，一是1)推理来的, 二是我感觉句末表结果的verb通常是“无实意的动词”比如bringing (the number of ... to 34)-OG47, making (the sloth the earliest known mammal...)-OG78. 如果是drawing solid conclusions这样的“实意的动词”，就不适合做结果了。

同意这三点.

我疑问地是，主句是完成时时，",ving" 在句末是错误的这个规则还存在吗？倘若存在，是不是仅限于", ving"表伴随时?

其实我觉得关于完成时态后面不能跟,ving的说法很奇怪，那为什么独独只对完成时有这个要求，一般过去时也是描述过去发生的事，就可以跟,ving。

逻辑上讲这个规则是错的，（”现在完成时的动作接下来可能直接导致另外一个事件“），只是没见到过反例。建议当这个规则不存在。毕竟语法这个东西很活，大部分这样规则的东西都是错的。

作者: mongmong 时间: 2012-4-11 09:59

同意这三点.

-- by 会员 aeoluseros (2012/4/10 7:29:03)

嗯，等等，斑竹你是说“完成时态后面不能跟,ving的说法”是错的，是吗？just want to clarify...

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2012-4-11 17:48
刚刚check了一下，~~OG12-21上的解释说是错的~~。。

Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth of knowledge over the past twenty years about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood, are now drawing solid conclusions about how the human brain grows and how babies acquire language.
(A) Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth of knowledge over the past twenty years about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood, are
(B) Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth of knowledge about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood over the past twenty years, and are
(C) Neuroscientists amassing a wealth of knowledge about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood over the past twenty years, and are
(D) Neuroscientists have amassed a wealth of knowledge over the past twenty years about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood,
(E) Neuroscientists have amassed, over the past twenty years, a wealth of knowledge about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood,
答案是A。 OG对D项的解释: The final descriptor in present tense,now drawing conclusions....does not fit the opening clause, which is in present-prefect tense(have amassed a wealth)and seems to midify adulthood.

但凡遇到不肯定错误的语法点，先presume它是对的比较好，统计上犯Type I error的几率比较小。。

作者: mongmong 时间: 2012-4-11 18:03

刚刚check了一下，OG12-21上的解释说是错的。。

Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth of knowledge over the past twenty years about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood, are now drawing solid conclusions about how the human brain grows and how babies acquire language.
(A) Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth of knowledge over the past twenty years about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood, are
(B) Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth of knowledge about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood over the past twenty years, and are
(C) Neuroscientists amassing a wealth of knowledge about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood over the past twenty years, and are
(D) Neuroscientists have amassed a wealth of knowledge over the past twenty years about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood,
(E) Neuroscientists have amassed, over the past twenty years, a wealth of knowledge about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood,
答案是A。 OG对D项的解释: The final descriptor in present tense,now drawing conclusions....does not fit the opening clause, which is in present-prefect tense(have amassed a wealth)and seems to midify adulthood.

但凡遇到不肯定错误的语法点，先presume它是对的比较好，统计上犯Type I error的几率比较小。。

-- by 会员 aeoluseros (2012/4/11 17:48:30)

明了，多谢你~~

作者: 呓语 时间: 2012-4-22 16:51
我感觉
21题D选项 drawing 这个动作明显是发生在amass 之后，既然amass用完成时态 have amassed，那么draw的时态应该更后面一些

78题的D选项 fossils have been dated at 34 million years old, making the sloth the earliest known mammalon 中，making修饰整个前面的句子， making the sloth the earliest known mammalon就类似于高中的语法which makes the sloth the earliest known mammalon，这个which 是 fossils have been dated at 34 million years old 这个句子的先行词，但是GMAT中 which 不能指代整个句子所以用 making来替代，所以making与前面句子的时态应该是没有关系的。

不是牛人，所以不太确定是不是这样，希望有帮助~

PS：看很多人说21题D选项是错在句子重心，我上新东方的老师也说句子重心骗了一般是错的。但是OG上面的解释貌似没这么说过，且我遇到与A选项句子重心不一样的题（暂时找不到了），有些题是根据句子意思来确定重心的。
现在就不太确定到底句子重心问题算不算排除错误选项的方法。

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2012-4-28 01:14

-- by 会员 aeoluseros (2012/4/11 17:48:30)

明了，多谢你~~

-- by 会员 mongmong (2012/4/11 18:03:54)

sorry，对OG12-21的解释误读了，它说得也未免太过含糊了些。我重新写了一下，mongmong再看看：
OG对D选项的解释并不是说“现在分词做状语不可以伴随修饰完成时态”，而是指drawing不是have amassed的直接结果，所以无法drawing无法做have amassed的伴随结果（现在分词做伴随起到伴随状态和伴随结果两种功能，前者表示与主句动作同时发生，后者需要是主句动作的直接结果。当被修饰主句已经是完成时态，那么后面的现在分词本身就不可能再与主句动作发生在同一时刻，所以无法以“伴随状态”的身份出现，只可能行使“伴随结果”的功能）

作者: mongmong 时间: 2012-4-28 09:26

-- by 会员 aeoluseros (2012/4/11 17:48:30)

明了，多谢你~~

-- by 会员 mongmong (2012/4/11 18:03:54)

-- by 会员 aeoluseros (2012/4/28 1:14:55)

谢谢斑竹~这样更清楚了。
现在分词做状语不表示伴随状态,只能表示直接结果的伴随。
请问这里的直接结果的verb通常是“无实意的动词”，比如bringing (the number of ... to 34)-OG47, making (the sloth the earliest known mammal...)-OG78吗？如果是drawing solid conclusions这样的“实意的动词”，就不是直接结果了。（我忘记在哪个帖子看到过，把OG里所有的现在分词做状语的正确句子拎出来看一看就有体会。）

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2012-4-28 12:28
是从逻辑上理解是否直接结果的哦。我们都知道："积累amass"，并不一定能够得出结论"drawing conclusion"。所以drawing就不是amass的直接结果了。

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2012-4-28 12:30

我感觉
21题D选项 drawing 这个动作明显是发生在amass 之后，既然amass用完成时态 have amassed，那么draw的时态应该更后面一些

78题的D选项 fossils have been dated at 34 million years old, making the sloth the earliest known mammalon 中，making修饰整个前面的句子， making the sloth the earliest known mammalon就类似于高中的语法which makes the sloth the earliest known mammalon，这个which 是 fossils have been dated at 34 million years old 这个句子的先行词，但是GMAT中 which 不能指代整个句子所以用 making来替代，所以making与前面句子的时态应该是没有关系的。

不是牛人，所以不太确定是不是这样，希望有帮助~

PS：看很多人说21题D选项是错在句子重心，我上新东方的老师也说句子重心骗了一般是错的。但是OG上面的解释貌似没这么说过，且我遇到与A选项句子重心不一样的题（暂时找不到了），有些题是根据句子意思来确定重心的。
现在就不太确定到底句子重心问题算不算排除错误选项的方法。

-- by 会员呓语 (2012/4/22 16:51:07)

大部分句子都有一个最合理的"重心"，只是考场要用这一点来解题需要比较强的阅读能力。如果有一遍读明白句子含义的能力，这绝对是个好办法，尤其是针对长划线句，因为长划线句常常都有句子重心改变以至于不当的情况。

作者: mongmong 时间: 2012-4-28 13:25

是从逻辑上理解是否直接结果的哦。我们都知道："积累amass"，并不一定能够得出结论"drawing conclusion"。所以drawing就不是amass的直接结果了。

-- by 会员 aeoluseros (2012/4/28 12:28:25)

多谢aeo童鞋，我再体会体会

作者: 呓语 时间: 2012-4-28 14:30

-- by 会员呓语 (2012/4/22 16:51:07)

-- by 会员 aeoluseros (2012/4/28 12:30:57)

谢谢斑竹~~~~~~~

作者: wangjieava23 时间: 2012-5-10 17:29
呵呵。没想到这么优秀的帖子，时间这么近。

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