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标题: 蜗牛的目标也是终点(强烈推荐4-5页wangyu73cn NN RC,CR之指导方略) [打印本页]

作者: flowerrainn    时间: 2004-9-13 23:29
标题: 蜗牛的目标也是终点(强烈推荐4-5页wangyu73cn NN RC,CR之指导方略)

因为一些事情,我完全抛开了GMAT 一个多月,尽管之前我一再告诫自己期间要看看GMAT的书,告诉自己:你的遗忘率极高,可是因为自己自治力极弱,这段时间我竟然心安理得的连封皮都没摸一下。上星期终能闲下,却迟迟不能心静,迟迟不敢开始   。回到这里,读读大家的文章,才敢拿了一套改错看看我忘了多少。做完了我不禁面红耳赤,回到刚开始差不多的水平了,30个题错了12个,另外的部分还没测试,我的心里慌乱不以,我想起又要重头开始我就着急。我的遗忘率也太高了吧          。还是在这里,又读读大家的文章,我从慌乱中找到了一些头绪,我要从今天又开始,谢谢大家的文章,请大家监督我,监督我这个自治力极其差的人。


复习粗线:


这个星期我准备将OG和XDF的改错题集中做一遍。要是有XDJM在做XDF改错,希望能和你们讨论。


第二个星期是逻辑为主,语法为辅。


十月一号开始逻辑,语法,阅读齐头并进






[此贴子已经被作者于2004-10-9 0:23:04编辑过]

作者: juan    时间: 2004-9-14 00:20
MM加油。专心备考,争取早考完早解脱。
作者: girl0904    时间: 2004-9-14 00:30

hello   my old friend !

好久没看到你了,不知道你考试时间定了没有啊?

我原本定的九月4号考试的 也流产了  已经改到十月28号了  希望这次能够坚持到底 我得付息日记在

xiaoy 的我的复习日记里 你也可以加入到我们的行列里阿,

恩 不管这么样,过去浪费的时间已经浪费了 不要有什么后悔,免得影响现在的复习心情。


作者: buddyk    时间: 2004-9-14 00:59
欢迎回来,加油!
作者: flowerrainn    时间: 2004-9-14 23:50

谢谢你们的鼓励,你们的鼓励就是我最大的动力呀!!!!!!


的确,拉长战线的结果就是整个身心都疲惫不堪,从现在起,无论有什么事,都不能在发生上次发生的情况了,专心开始我的GMAT生活。


GIRL0904,从你上次出门旅游后就没见你了,看了XIAOY的帖,你们那边真是如火如荼的场面呢,我好像有些跟不上了,我会尽力的。


PUMPKIN,是的, 我的TOEFL 早考了,由此也可见我这个懒惰的家伙专挑容易的下手的习惯。现在碰到GMAT这块硬骨头,就乐不起来了。 你的TOEFL考完了吗?开始申请了没?


昨日内容:


     深感脑子不用就会钝了。昨天做题,最大的感觉就是头昏昏的,中午还一不小心闹钟没设好睡了一个小时,唉。


     因为上次看OG 改错的遍数较多,OG还是那个相对熟悉的OG,做,看了20道。 XDF的21个SECTION 的题做和想了4个,觉得每个SECTION都走得举步为难,因为这里的题不象OG,每题都有讲解,错了的,我坐在那里也想不出错了的原因,好像语法专区有关XDF-OLD-BOOK题的解释也不全面。 不知道大家怎么处理这个问题呢?是放在那里,等题做多了回头再来看错题,还是每做完一个SECTION 都要将里面的疑点全搞懂呢


SECTION1 25/8  ;SECTION 2 25/8 ;SECTION 3 25/7;SECTION 4 25/9


想THANKSGIVING 前考完,因为现在的状况使我都不敢想九月或是十月考,我似乎考试都没法有侥幸,就像上次考TOEFL,愣是让我碰到50道题的听力,直听得我头重脚轻,笨重的耳机夹得我的耳朵第二天还疼。


[此贴子已经被作者于2004-9-14 23:55:23编辑过]

作者: girl0904    时间: 2004-9-15 01:09

自从出去玩了一趟之后就没有心情看书了 所以一度把考试放在了脑后长达一个月之久把 我也不记得了 反正很长时间 直到我下定决心拖延了考试 之后才认真看书的  不过说是认真 也就保证 每天 4-5 小时的水平  现在也是这样 实在没有精力保证每天八小时全天作战

我觉得如果你现在起步有点艰难话 可以考虑 听一些 网络课堂  反正我听了一些 还是有些收获的 等到自己有了一点眉目 我觉得就没有必要听了  主要还是多做题阿  呵呵 道理都是懂得很多 为什么执行起来那么困难呢

这次看来我一定会 比你先考试了 希望到时有个好成绩   嘿嘿  然后再来督促你   


作者: flowerrainn    时间: 2004-9-15 22:26
以下是引用girl0904在2004-9-15 1:09:00的发言:

自从出去玩了一趟之后就没有心情看书了 所以一度把考试放在了脑后长达一个月之久把 我也不记得了 反正很长时间 直到我下定决心拖延了考试 之后才认真看书的  不过说是认真 也就保证 每天 4-5 小时的水平  现在也是这样 实在没有精力保证每天八小时全天作战


我觉得如果你现在起步有点艰难话 可以考虑 听一些 网络课堂  反正我听了一些 还是有些收获的 等到自己有了一点眉目 我觉得就没有必要听了  主要还是多做题阿  呵呵 道理都是懂得很多 为什么执行起来那么困难呢


这次看来我一定会 比你先考试了 希望到时有个好成绩   嘿嘿  然后再来督促你   


好好好,我可是要期待新的牛牛诞生哟,我当然也期待着你来监督我。你的准备也要进入白热化阶段了,再加把油,我也会常常过去看你的。


作者: flowerrainn    时间: 2004-9-15 22:32

[此贴子已经被作者于2004-9-21 0:05:28编辑过]

作者: flowerrainn    时间: 2004-9-15 22:38

昨日内容:

     XDF-OLD-BOOK SECTION 5,6,7,8       25/2,25/1,25/3,27/6  ;

     OG 21-40

脑袋好象是清醒了不少,老也愿意想着GMAT这回事,我为自己的变化感到高兴,我要坚持到这里来报道,虽然只是简单的流水帐。再次谢谢CD给我这个天地。同行的XDJM大家一起努力。


作者: flowerrainn    时间: 2004-9-16 23:43

做了几天大全,我不禁问自己,到底是这段时间忘记了,还是以前就没有将语法提高上来,怎么我这么愚笨呢,都不敢说我上次将OG已经做了多少遍,怕糟蹋了OG这个宝典,不过我还是不会放弃她的,要和她粘到最后。不过象我这么面还贴做题结果的,也没几个了,大家心里笑笑就好了,不要告诉我,这就是网络的好处吧。

昨日内容:

XDF SECTION 9.10.11.12      27/10,27/4,27/9,27/9

根据一牛牛的分类,我也列了一个表格,准备将OG的题横向纵向来比较一下。分类记有

同从,同位语修饰谁,并列,比较,定从,时态,状语,副词,修饰语位置,句意理解,特殊句子结构,动名,名词,不定式,分词与从句,;与, ,主被动,罗嗦错,词的用法,代词指代,主谓(单复数)一致,被动,AS与LIKE

大家还有什么补充吗?

.


作者: flowerrainn    时间: 2004-9-17 00:26

比较了一下这两个句子,还挺好的,关于比较

section 11

6. The guiding principles of the tax plan released by the Treasury Department could have even a greater significance for the economy than the particulars of the plan.
(A) even a greater significance for the economy than
(B) a significance that is even greater for the economy than
(C) even greater significance for the economy than have
(D) even greater significance for the economy than do
(E) a significance even greater for the economy than have

19.   Similar to rising interest rates, consumer and producer prices have been rising.

(A) Similar to rising interest rates, consumer and producer prices have been rising.

(B) Consumer and producer prices have been rising, as have interest rates.

(C) As interest rates are rising, so have consumer and producer prices.

(D) Consumer and producer prices have been rising, like interest rates do.

(E) Consumer and producer prices, as interest rates, have been rising.

HAVE 做完成式还是实意动词的用法造成后面的比较的对象的主动词不同

答案分别为D,B


作者: flowerrainn    时间: 2004-9-17 22:44

昨日内容:SECTION 13,14,15     27/5,22/5,22/5

虽然成效还不明显,却实实在在的感到了集中学习一项的好处。不过下个星期就要开始逻辑了。

有没有伙伴愿意一块儿学习???

周一再见。


作者: flowerrainn    时间: 2004-9-21 00:03

这样学5天停2天会不会和三天打鱼两天晒网的结果一样???没办法,上周语法任务没有全部完成,这周语法逻辑一半一半吧。每天逻辑XDF两篇,OG语法总结继续。


[此贴子已经被作者于2005-1-4 23:23:30编辑过]

作者: flowerrainn    时间: 2004-9-21 23:44

自言自语第七天了,呵呵。

昨日内容,OG总结15题。

                 CR SECTION 1,2     20/7(超时十分钟),20/5     

对逻辑好像有了新的理解,思维有了一点变化,我自己都不知道这个变化是什么时候发生的,毕竟停了这么久了,难道有时丢开也是一种艺术?

做题的同时记笔记好像对我不是很实用,第一个SECTION 就超时了很多。也可能是我还不熟练的原因。


作者: flowerrainn    时间: 2004-9-23 00:08

OG呀OG,每次总结,总是一不小心十题就过去了一小时,怎么搞的。

昨日内容:XDF逻辑SECTION 3.4       20/8!!!!!   20/2

                 OG 总结20题。

在PUMPKIN MM 的鼓励下,这几天准备做一个XDF逻辑的链接,方便我们大家。


作者: bobomomo    时间: 2004-9-23 00:45

flowerrainn

我也是因为乱七八糟的事情GMAT 已经放了10几天了!(我的基础本来就不好),现在又要开学了,G也成PART TIME 的了,反正感觉什么事情都乱乱的,回来看大家的进度就脸红。。。 昨天XY 还在百忙之中MSG给我了,感动ING 。。。 希望尽快调整状态,好多事情迫在眉睫啊。。。

JUAN JJ 的T 弄的怎么样了?


作者: oasis_beijing    时间: 2004-9-23 01:45
呵呵,我也是10月28日,说不定在考场里能遇到呢
作者: flowerrainn    时间: 2004-9-23 06:18

左右看看,是不是我进错地方了,呵呵。

bobomomo,oasis_beijing 一起努力呀。

刚刚打完几个帐单的电话,糊涂的帐单搞得我跟他们吵了半天,晕,搞得脑袋发胀,心情不爽。

这几天要换上网的SERVICE了,乘现在还有,赶忙上来加紧做XDF逻辑的链接,先POST 上来,在慢慢修改吧。


[此贴子已经被作者于2004-9-23 6:18:16编辑过]

作者: flowerrainn    时间: 2004-9-23 06:40

XDF-OLD-BOOK 逻辑讨论贴链接


http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?boardID=24&ID=70330&page=1


[此贴子已经被作者于2004-9-23 23:03:44编辑过]

作者: flowerrainn    时间: 2004-9-23 23:35

昨日内容:OG 20题总结


作者: bobomomo    时间: 2004-9-24 03:51

哎!有N长时间没看CR了,刚才做了一套FEIFEI 宝典!疯掉了。。。没做完,还错了N多N多。。。

每‘拾起’一点怎么都那么费劲啊 。。。我想用FEIFEI 宝典来提高下阅读,还是FOCUS OG ,但OG 后面的解释比SC说的简单的多,我觉得。。。

真正考试CR的难度应该比宝典还强吧!


作者: flowerrainn    时间: 2004-9-30 02:51

终于可以再次上网了,一边吃饭,一边迫不及待的上了CD。继续我的自言自语,^_^。

这段时间内容:

     OG总结到160题。

      XDF SC 过完一遍

      XDF  CR 才做完8个部分。

我发现我现在最大的问题就是埋头做完了再去对答案,找相应解答时就觉得好累了,常常看了几个解答就想休息,这样导致做完了就过去了问题还是在哪里。   是不是我应该争取完成并解答,而不是单纯的看完成的数量。不过就数量来看,我也是个很磨蹭的家伙。


作者: flowerrainn    时间: 2004-9-30 02:55
以下是引用bobomomo在2004-9-24 3:51:00的发言:

哎!有N长时间没看CR了,刚才做了一套FEIFEI 宝典!疯掉了。。。没做完,还错了N多N多。。。


每‘拾起’一点怎么都那么费劲啊 。。。我想用FEIFEI 宝典来提高下阅读,还是FOCUS OG ,但OG 后面的解释比SC说的简单的多,我觉得。。。


真正考试CR的难度应该比宝典还强吧!


嘿,bobomomo,我都还没看过FEIFEI宝典呢,进步总是在不觉之间发生,我们要坚持哦!!!


作者: flowerrainn    时间: 2004-9-30 23:31

我晕,我晕,我晕

现在一下子能收到这么多电视台,还有那么多电影,我,我真是狂郁闷。

希望早早的结束考试。

唉,掰指数数,要在感恩节前考,时间真是不多了。要是周末学不了,整个十月就只有21天,要是

每天一套语法,一套逻辑,四篇阅读,也只能做21套语法,21套逻辑,84篇阅读了,还不知到是不是能每天都能完成做

题和对题的任务,更何况还有数学和作文,还有模拟套题。况且,我的学习现况并不看好,语法,这个大家最容易提高

的东西,我都,唉。唯一值得安慰的是,我还没有对自己的继续前行失去信心。

一边有着倦怠和诱惑,一边有着希望和任务。真是庸人自扰。

接下来我怎么安排好呢?是不是每天我的时间用的还不够?


作者: 蓝夕叶子    时间: 2004-10-1 00:42

先别想是不是来的及.全力以赴!


作者: micht    时间: 2004-10-1 04:45

我來為你加油...........我也要努力複習準備考了.............


作者: flowerrainn    时间: 2004-10-1 23:38

叶子,micht, 我们一起加油呀。 不知道进度怎么样了,我们来一起学习吧?


作者: wangyu73cn    时间: 2004-10-2 02:36

我为考试,没敢买电视,刚考完,正准备买。.

楼主能不能把你的电视处理一下. 搬走/拔掉信号线/锁起来并把key给别人/弄坏它/送给我/,你任意选。当然I prefer the last choice.   


作者: flowerrainn    时间: 2004-10-3 00:05
以下是引用wangyu73cn在2004-10-2 2:36:00的发言:

我为考试,没敢买电视,刚考完,正准备买。.


楼主能不能把你的电视处理一下. 搬走/拔掉信号线/锁起来并把key给别人/弄坏它/送给我/,你任意选。当然I prefer the last choice.   







好吧,你在哪里,过来搬吧。


红牛GG,你考得真不错,还请多多指教。


[此贴子已经被作者于2004-10-3 0:09:48编辑过]

作者: wangyu73cn    时间: 2004-10-3 01:49

北京朝阳团结湖,离你那里不远吧?给了我,你不心疼吗?你不会把录像机/DVD一并都给我吧?那样我就搬不动了. :〔.....要是路太远,要坐飞机或火车去,我可亏大了,

不过建议你也别留着它.

衷心祝你快乐并考G成功!


作者: flowerrainn    时间: 2004-10-4 22:12
以下是引用wangyu73cn在2004-10-3 1:49:00的发言:

北京朝阳团结湖,离你那里不远吧?给了我,你不心疼吗?你不会把录像机/DVD一并都给我吧?那样我就搬不动了. :〔.....要是路太远,要坐飞机或火车去,我可亏大了,


不过建议你也别留着它.


衷心祝你快乐并考G成功!



谢谢你的祝福,也祝你申请到一个牛校。


你要是要来,路费好像可以买N个电视了(N> 5)


作者: flowerrainn    时间: 2004-10-4 22:15

我刚开始用小安阅读法总结,对于小安的阅读方法,我是这样理解的,不知道对不对,请先看我的一个例子

Caffeine, the stimulant in coffee, has been called “the most widely used psychoactive substance on Earth.” Snyder, Daly and Bruns have recently proposed that caffeine affect behavior by countering the activity in the human brain of a naturally occurring chemical called adenosine. Adenosine normally depresses neuron firing in many areas of the brain. It apparently does this by inhibiting the release of neurotransmitters, chemicals that carry nerve impulses from one neuron to the next. Like many other agents that affect neuron firing, adenosine must first bind to specific receptors on neuronal membranes. There are at least two classes of these receptors, which have been designated A1 and A2. Snyder et al (et al: abbr. (Lat) 以及其他人,等人) propose that caffeine, which is structurally similar to adenosine, is able to bind to both types of receptors, which prevents adenosine from attaching there and allows the neurons to fire more readily than they otherwise would.

For many years, caffeine’s effects have been attributed to its inhibition of the production of phosphodiesterase, an enzyme that breaks down the chemical called cyclic AMP. A number of neurotransmitters exert their effects by first increasing cyclic AMP concentrations in target neurons. Therefore, prolonged periods at the elevated concentrations, as might be brought about by a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, could lead to a greater amount of neuron firing and, consequently, to behavioral stimulation. But Snyder et al point out that the caffeine concentrations needed to inhibit the production of phosphodiesterase in the brain are much higher than those that produce stimulation. Moreover, other compounds that block phosphodiesterase’s activity are not stimulants.

To buttress their case that caffeine acts instead by preventing adenosine binding, Snyder et al compared the stimulatory effects of a series of caffeine derivatives with their ability to dislodge adenosine from its receptors in the brains of mice. “In general,” they reported, “the ability of the compounds to compete at the receptors correlates with their ability to stimulate locomotion in the mouse; i.e., the higher their capacity to bind at the receptors, the higher their ability to stimulate locomotion.” Theophylline, a close structural relative of caffeine and the major stimulant in tea, was one of the most effective compounds in both regards.

There were some apparent exceptions to the general correlation observed between adenosine-receptor binding and stimulation. One of these was a compound called 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX), which bound very well but actually depressed mouse locomotion. Snyder et al suggests that this is not a major stumbling block (stumbling block: n.障碍物, 绊脚石) to their hypothesis. The problem is that the compound has mixed effects in the brain, a not unusual occurrence with psychoactive drugs. Even caffeine, which is generally known only for its stimulatory effects, displays this property, depressing mouse locomotion at very low concentrations and stimulating it at higher ones.

1.     The primary purpose of the passage is to

(A) discuss a plan for investigation of a phenomenon that is not yet fully understood

(B) present two explanations of a phenomenon and reconcile the differences between them

(C) summarize two theories and suggest a third theory that overcomes the problems encountered in the first two

(D) describe an alternative hypothesis and provide evidence and arguments that support itD

(E) challenge the validity of a theory by exposing the inconsistencies and contradictions in it

2.     Which of the following, if true, would most weaken the theory proposed by Snyder et al?

(A) At very low concentrations in the human brain, both caffeine and theophylline tend to have depressive rather than stimulatory effects on human behavior.

(B) The ability of caffeine derivatives at very low concentrations to dislodge adenosine from its receptors in mouse brains correlates well with their ability to stimulate mouse locomotion at these low concentrations.

(C) The concentration of cyclic AMP in target neurons in the human brain that leads to increased neuron firing can be produced by several different phosphodiesterase inhibitors in addition to caffeine.

(D) The concentration of caffeine required to dislodge adenosine from its receptors in the human brain is much greater than the concentration that produces behavioral stimulation in humans.D

(E) The concentration of IBMX required to dislodge adenosine from its receptors in mouse brains is much smaller than the concentration that stimulates locomotion in the mouse.

3.     According so Snyder et al, caffeine differs from adenosine in that caffeine

(A) stimulates behavior in the mouse and in humans, whereas adenosine stimulates behavior in humans only

(B) has mixed effects in the brain, whereas adenosine has only a stimulatory effect

(C) increases cyclic AMP concentrations in target neurons, whereas adenosine decreases such concentrations

(D) permits release of neurotransmitters when it is bound to adenosine receptors, whereas adenosine inhibits such releaseD

(E) inhibits both neuron firing and the production of phosphodiesterase when there is a sufficient concentration in the brain, whereas adenosine inhibits only neuron firing

4.     In response to experimental results concerning IBMX, Snyder et al contended that it is not uncommon for psychoactive drugs to have

(A) mixed effects in the brain

(B) inhibitory effects on enzymes in the brain

(C) close structural relationships with caffeine

(D) depressive effects on mouse locomotionA

(E) the ability to dislodge caffeine from receptors in the brain

5.     The passage suggests that Snyder et al believe that if the older theory concerning caffeine’s effects were correct, which of the following would have to be the case?

I.      All neurotransmitters would increase the short-term concentration of cyclic AMP in target neurons.

II.     Substances other than caffeine that inhibit the production of phosphodiesterase would be stimulants.

III.   All concentration levels of caffeine that are high enough to produce stimulation would also inhibit the production of phosphodiesterase.

(A) I only

(B) I and II only

(C) I and III only

(D) II and III onlyD

(E) I, II, and III

6.     According to Snyder et al, all of the following compounds can bind to specific receptors in the brain EXCEPT

(A) IBMX

(B) caffeine

(C) adenosine

(D) theophyllineE

(E) phosphodiesterase

7.     Snyder et al suggest that caffeine’s ability to bind to A1 and A2 receptors can be at least partially attributed to which of the following?

(A) The chemical relationship between caffeine and phosphodiesterase

(B) The structural relationship between caffeine and adenosine

(C) The structural similarity between caffeine and neurotransmitters

(D) The ability of caffeine to stimulate behaviorB

(E) The natural occurrence of caffeine and adenosine in the brain

8.     The author quotes Snyder et al in lines 38-43 most probably in order to

(A) reveal some of the assumptions underlying their theory

(B) summarize a major finding of their experiments

(C) point out that their experiments were limited to the mouse

(D) indicate that their experiments resulted only in general correlationsB

(E) refute the objections made by supporters of the older theory

9.     The last paragraph of the passage performs which of the following functions?

(A) Describes a disconfirming experimental result and reports the explanation given by Snyder et al in an attempt to reconcile this result with their theory.

(B) Specifies the basis for the correlation observed by Snyder et al and presents an explanation in an attempt to make the correlation consistent with the operation of psychoactive drugs other than caffeine.

(C) Elaborates the description of the correlation observed by Snyder et al and suggests an additional explanation in an attempt to make the correlation consistent with the older theory.

(D) Reports inconsistent experimental data and describes the method Snyder et al will use to reanalyze this data.A

(E) Provides an example of the hypothesis proposed by Snyder et al and relates this example to caffeine’s properties.

1,           main idea;

2,3,4,5,   information ,

6 ,            detail   (A在文中用笔划出题目所在行 “In general,” they reported, “the ability of the compounds to compete at the receptors correlates with their ability to stimulate locomotion in the mouse; i.e., the higher their capacity to bind at the receptors, the higher their ability to stimulate locomotion.”;B在文中划出答案信息所在行To buttress their case that caffeine acts instead by preventing adenosine binding

以此类推,找出其他的文章的main idea, information, structure, detail ,attitude 题,然后分类看,找规律,对吗?

NN们一定指教一下。谢谢先了。


作者: 呆板彻底    时间: 2004-10-4 22:41
好像是这样做,我正在弄呢,不过找不到感觉,哎哎。。
作者: cocoabean    时间: 2004-10-5 05:43

flowerrain MM, 加油了.

MM 啥时考呀?


作者: wangyu73cn    时间: 2004-10-5 21:40
标题: 我对OG RC序的理解,和对OG1的解析
  









对于OG阅读部分的学习,大致可以分成两个侧重来展开,一方面是对文章的掌握,这一方面可以按小安阅读法,参照携隐课堂中“南丁格尔”的分析范例进行。另一方面是对ETS相关解释的把握,在这里我想多说一些。


首先,以OG-1为例,请大家看看我是怎么剖析的,不当之处请指正,当然如果认为不可救药,就扔臭鸡蛋吧。。如果大家认真看完此篇解释,再大概统括一下,可以发现ETS在此主要给大家指出“定位”的作用。















在这篇开始之前,OG又特意罗嗦了三句重要的话:


1/The following discussion of reading comprehension is intended to familiarize you with the most efficient and effective approaches to the kinds of problems common to reading comprehension.


2/The particular questions in this chapter are generally representative of the kinds of reading comprehension questions you will encounter on the GMAT.


3/Remember that it is the problem-solving strategy that is important, not the specific details of a particular question.


第一句,ETS很自信地(the most efficient and effective approaches)提出让大家注意解决问题的最有效率、最有效果的阅读方法。而这些方法则在其解释的自里行间啊!大家真应该感谢ETS,在后面的285道题目中的解释中,他(我不再称呼他为它了)可谓呕心沥血地展示了这些方法,而这些方法往往是我们大部分XDJM们所忽略的,我们不仔细看就对不起人家啊!!!


第二句,说明这48篇范例,经过精心挑选,具有代表性,而不是简单拼凑的。可能每篇都有类型和问题的不同侧重点吧!?就象这第一篇是侧重定位的。


第三句,ETS又再次指出了解决问题的战略或曰策略或曰方法的重要性,而否定了各问题中具体内容的重要。其实,我还有疑问,ETS在此的前半句怎么看着别扭呢,it is…that…好像有点多余。但可能是强调句,强调problem-solving strategy吧。





第一题:解释部分只给出了正确选项的解释,其实ETS在后来的例子中连错误的选项也说明了是如何错的。我想他可能不想让我们一开始就太累了吧。由浅入深。我认为,此题指出“逐段总结”、“分清各段核心和层次”、“段落间关系”alternative意思”四个重点。


1/The best answer is D.


2/This question requires you to identify the primary concern of the passage as a whole.


3/The first paragraph presents a recent hypothesis about how caffeine affects behavior.


4/The second paragraph describes an (earlier) and (widely accepted) hypothesis about how caffeine affects behavior, and then presents evidence that is not consistent with that hypothesis.


5/The third and fourth paragraphs returns to the newer hypothesis introduced in the first paragraph and provide “evidence and arguments” that support this alternative hypothesis.


第一句,我发现ETS有时用best,有时用correct。我就考虑正确的选项可能有几个,但我们要选最好的。当然,ETS好像还没有在这两个词上做刻意区分。但是,在其他文章的题目中,确实出现一些情况:有的选项可能正确,但文中没有提到,因此模糊说来可以说这个选项correct,但绝不可以说它best。


第二句,他指出了此题目的。确实是“主题”题型。但我们应当注意,ETS指出,对此种题型,我们需要宏观把握主要内容。你也许会想,这简单,我早就知道,我不否认。但需要提醒的是,你有没有把解决主题题型的几个关键问题及几个步骤深入到脑海中呢。具体如何做,下面几句给出提示。


第三句,上来他说”第一段”如何如何,他是告诉我们要“逐段总结”。好吧,就让我们看看第一段:Caffeine, the stimulant in coffee, has been called “the most widely used psychoactive substance on Earth.” Snyder, Daly and Bruns have recently proposed that caffeine affect behavior by countering the activity in the human brain of a naturally occurring chemical called adenosine. #Adenosine normally depresses neuron firing in many areas of the brain. It apparently does this by inhibiting the release of neurotransmitters, chemicals that carry nerve impulses from one neuron to the next. Like many other agents that affect neuron firing, adenosine must first bind to specific receptors on neuronal membranes. There are at least two classes of these receptors, which have been designated A1 and A2. Snyder et al (et al: abbr. (Lat) 以及其他人,等人) propose that caffeine, which is structurally similar to adenosine, is able to bind to both types of receptors, which prevents adenosine from attaching there and allows the neurons to fire more readily than they otherwise would.读完后,你有没有像他那样总结出“a recent hypothesis about how caffeine affects behavior”这一段落核心呢。这样我们发现此段就分成两部分句群了,以#分开,第一层次就把此段概括了,第二层次是具体展开论述。我觉得,这是他表明我们要“分清各段的核心和层次”。


第四句,就让我们看看第二段:For many years, caffeine’s effects have been attributed to its inhibition of the production of phosphodiesterase, an enzyme that breaks down the chemical called cyclic AMP. #A number of neurotransmitters exert their effects by first increasing cyclic AMP concentrations in target neurons. Therefore, prolonged periods at the elevated concentrations, as might be brought about by a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, could lead to a greater amount of neuron firing and, consequently, to behavioral stimulation. #^But Snyder et al point out that the caffeine concentrations needed to inhibit the production of phosphodiesterase in the brain are much higher than those that produce stimulation. ^Moreover, other compounds that block phosphodiesterase’s activity are not stimulants. “分清各段的核心和层次”:本段核心为“an (earlier) and (widely accepted) hypothesis about how caffeine affects behavior”及“evidence that is not consistent with that hypothesis”。这样本段可分为三个句群,以#分开,第一层次总括,第二层次展开,第二层次指出2个证据evidence。同时,请注意他为什么说(earlier) and (widely accepted) 呢,可参照两点,一点是For many years, 另一点是have been attributed to,即通过时间和时态来表达的。(题外话:请注意,这里的第一个论据是存在诉诸权威的错误吗?因为逻辑题里常常会有引用某些人论述的选项。我认为不存在这种错误,诉诸权威是指权威的权威性确实被质疑,或引述内容来自权威但不是其真实意思,在此不存在这两方面问题。如果仔细研究一下逻辑部分的解释,就会发现ETS很少指出诉诸权威的错误,如果选项不对,往往也是因为其引述内容有缺陷。)


第五句,returns to揭示了文章的逻辑方向,强调我们要注意“段落间关系”。不是简单平叙,而是话题一转,又回到第一段的话题了。而且他没有再分述各段了,只是概括了一下后两段的内容,核心是“evidence and arguments that support this alternative hypothesis。这提醒我们,这两段的“段落间关系”是紧密联系在一起,服务于同一内容的。我们可以把两段放在一起,分成六个层次:To buttress their case that caffeine acts instead by preventing adenosine binding, Snyder et al compared the stimulatory effects of a series of caffeine derivatives with their ability to dislodge adenosine from its receptors in the brains of mice. #“In general,” they reported, “the ability of the compounds to compete at the receptors correlates with their ability to stimulate locomotion in the mouse; i.e., the higher their capacity to bind at the receptors, the higher their ability to stimulate locomotion.” #Theophylline, a close structural relative of caffeine and the major stimulant in tea, was one of the most effective compounds in both regards.#There were some apparent exceptions to the general correlation observed between adenosine-receptor binding and stimulation. #One of these was a compound called 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX), which bound very well but actually depressed mouse locomotion. #Snyder et al suggests that this is not a major stumbling block (stumbling block: n.障碍物, 绊脚石) to their hypothesis. The problem is that the compound has mixed effects in the brain, a not unusual occurrence with psychoactive drugs. Even caffeine, which is generally known only for its stimulatory effects, displays this property, depressing mouse locomotion at very low concentrations and stimulating it at higher ones.第一层次以实验evidence支持理论假设,第二层次对实验结果进行总结,第三层次例证实验结论。第四层次提出让步,第五层次例证这一让步,第六层次反驳这一让步。我们可以这样大致区分一下,即前三层次是evidence,后三层次是arguments.这就告诉了我们什么是evidence和arguments啊!同时,我注意到recent、newer、alternative是紧密联系在一起的。说明了什么是alternative。解释中的recent、newer、alternative被我连起来,同时我在alternative 旁打了星号,因为我觉得从全文中我们才能得到对这个词汇的直观解释。











今天就到这吧,没时间详细说明其他几题了。我把其重点简单列出,请大家自己思考吧:


2、人名及物质名定位,不同物质间的对应关系。


3、名词及特殊用语定位,this指代内容,原文改写。


4、名词定位。


5、名词定位,非限定性从句表重要性状,因果关系,原文改写。


6、引用作用,原文改写,注意修饰性词语的正确性。


从上述可以看到,ETS的短短几行解释,对我们理解全文是多么重要啊。也许你还不服气或者没有理解。那就请你先别看我上面的话,自己看看文章,你自己能够把解释和文章对应在一起吗。如果可以,那就分析一下第2题,把分析结果贴出来,我学习一下。。真不是怕大家否定我,只是担心大家可能真的不理解啊。注意,我不是给大家分析文章部分,而是分析解释部分。我们需要从解释中挖掘出ETS的老底来。


鉴于上述,我建议初学Gmat的XDJM们再辛苦辛苦,练练一些基本功。每天至少用3小时以上时间认真看OG的verbal直到考试。其实,我的OG快被我翻破了,我在各部分的解释处划划写写,首先把每个句子隔开,再用圆圈划一些重点词汇,再用连线把前后有联系的词连起来,再在每句旁边把它们的核心意思用中文写一下,再把不好理解的部分用红笔在旁边打上星号。一开始可以先把速度再放慢些。先看看自己是不是真把阅读、逻辑、语法题的文章和解释部分都看明白了,头脑中是否能够形成从一句话到下一句话(对于语法就是从一个分句到下一个分句)意思的递进、转折和并列了。如果在不能对文章进行有效的形象的逻辑的思考情况下,单纯讲求速度而仅仅把握大概意思,则犹如还不知飞行原理,就试图展翅翱翔一样;就像古人指望粘满羽毛的双臂可以把自己带往高空一样,结局可不容乐观了。我们的方式就是要把对verbal的理解尽力深化,甚至向我们对数学的理解一样的水平靠拢。再辅以其他一些材料的练习和验证,这样ETS就对我们xdjm们没办法,他只好给我们高分了。




其实,考试失败使我不断审视自己对Gmat的认识,我最终发现自己起先对Gmat认识有致命性偏差,总试图以自己的思维方式来对待Gmat,欠缺对题目深入、准确和全面的认识。而ETS在OG中则很有必要地向我们展现了它对借助语言所传达的各种思维的认识,它强调细部准确含义、相关内容普遍联系、针对重点并忽略次要内容等等方面。因此,我们应该很感谢ETS,他带给我们新的思维方式。上述认识偏差集中体现在:重题海而轻OG。题海越多,认识越不及深入,其实,我觉得,我们应该仔细研究OG。而其他题目应是做检验用。我上过新东方,觉得其课程应该还是有一些作用的,但它并不能代替我们自己对OG反复认知。OG的解释几乎可谓句句有用,虽然有的句子不用钻牛角尖式地进行研究,大家还是应该把OG的每一句解释都搞清楚。可能是受新东方的影响,我起先对OG有点不屑,错误认为它很简单。但当我依循CD上的总结,把OG前前后后看了五、六遍后,就非常赞同ETS的论述了,觉得它讲的有道理,很有道理。我把CD上OG讨论题全部都看了一遍,受益良多。但觉得好像还不是特别充分,尤其是阅读部分的讨论量还比较少。所以,我就以上述OG第一篇第一题来讲讲我的想法。











当然,我们还要注意CD上大家提供的机经,它们大有作用。管13篇也异乎寻常得重要。还有就是大家对考试安排、日常注意问题的讨论也是有帮助的。


另外,由于没有找到解释的电子版,还需要打出来。要是有哪位可以提供一下word文档就好了。



作者: 携隐    时间: 2004-10-5 22:25
以下是引用wangyu73cn在2004-10-2 2:36:00的发言:

我为考试,没敢买电视,刚考完,正准备买。.


楼主能不能把你的电视处理一下. 搬走/拔掉信号线/锁起来并把key给别人/弄坏它/送给我/,你任意选。当然I prefer the last choice.   



wangyu真是...呵呵.


我复习以来电视机已经蒙上厚厚一层灰了.(想起一道大全SC:dirt of a height of 3-4 feet/ as high as 3-4 feet, wangyu GG选哪个?)


作者: wangyu73cn    时间: 2004-10-5 22:53

携隐,有这道题目吗?我搜了一下,没找到,但记得好像见过,请告题号。但,只要不选你那电视机上厚厚的一层灰就好了。

flowerrainn,我想起来N》5,好像已经可以去大洋彼岸了。^_^


作者: 携隐    时间: 2004-10-5 23:02

GWD-11-Q14:


The single-family house constructed by the Yana, a Native American people who lived in what is now northern California, was conical in shape, its framework of poles overlaid with slabs of bark, either cedar or pine, and banked with dirt to a height of three to four feet.






A.    banked with dirt to a height of



B.     banked with dirt as high as that of



C.    banked them with dirt to a height of




  1. was banked with dirt as high as


  2. was banked with dirt as high as that of

我选D.(花雨MM不好意思借你地方啊)


讨论贴:

http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?boardid=23&star=4&replyid=611625&id=56350&skin=0&page=1


[此贴子已经被作者于2004-10-5 23:04:05编辑过]

作者: flowerrainn    时间: 2004-10-5 23:24

严重感谢WANGYU GG的指导。

wangyu GG, 你的分析让我强烈的感觉到考高分的NN真是无一例外都有一把手刃GMAT 的宝剑,也让我极度感到我学习存在的问题之巨大。你对文章的分析让我想到了以前学语文,不就是这样划分层次,段落大意分析吗,只不过要是你不说起,我是万万不会想到这样去分析GMAT的文章的。

现在我被划得花里胡梢的资料就只有OG的语法部分;(最让我无地自容的是我的语法并没有显著提高,不过我还在继续看着。)我也尝试仔细研究OG的逻辑解释,可是怎么觉得中间的解释那样的晦涩,总也不是很明白呢?不象语法,总有让人“AHA ”的地方。还有逻辑题本身,好像有个强烈的感觉就是绝大部分的题,题目读懂了,就可以做对,那是不是掌握一定的方法,读不很懂的题也能做对呢?

关于你说的:“在这篇开始之前,OG又特意罗嗦了三句重要的话:

1/The following discussion of reading comprehension is intended to familiarize you with the most efficient and effective approaches to the kinds of problems common to reading comprehension.

2/The particular questions in this chapter are generally representative of the kinds of reading comprehension questions you will encounter on the GMAT.

3/Remember that it is the problem-solving strategy that is important, not the specific details of a particular question.”

因为是下载的CD的OG的题,我都没看到这种前面的序语,问题不大吧。

现在我最怕想的是,要是我这么仔细的分析下去,我这个笨笨的人要做到什么时候呢?

WANGYU GG,你的推断没错,我现在在北美。


作者: wangyu73cn    时间: 2004-10-5 23:46

携隐,还真不容易啊。我当时选A。独立主格,两部分并列,后部分省略its framework of poles。B中that无所指,C中them指代错,D、E使整句结构发生错误。且E的that也不可接受。初步想法,我会再在OG中找找对应的解释。不过我觉得这题中独立主格的部分感觉上有点象XDF-SC-5那道壁画的题。再报。


[此贴子已经被作者于2004-10-5 23:46:22编辑过]

作者: wangyu73cn    时间: 2004-10-6 00:18
标题: 我对OG CR序的一点理解


flowerrainn,有关问题,我的理解如下:






1-"我也尝试仔细研究OG的逻辑解释,可是怎么觉得中间的解释那样的晦涩,总也不是很明白呢?不象语法,总有让人“AHA ”的地方。"





我觉得这正是我们还不具备ETS所要求的思维。ETS觉得简单的东西,我们可能觉得费解。而我们对数学掌握的很好,看了ETS的解释,有时感到他太笨了。同样,正应为我们英文教育中长期的钻研语法,所以还有一定的基础,可以理解ETS。而阅读理解和逻辑确是我们的最薄弱环节,所以,必须深入考察才会明白他到底在说什么。





2-“还有逻辑题本身,好像有个强烈的感觉就是绝大部分的题,题目读懂了,就可以做对,那是不是掌握一定的方法,读不很懂的题也能做对呢?”





做逻辑题的前提是读懂题目,所谓的一些窍门是模糊而无大用处的。而ETS的方法就是细细读懂题目的深度逻辑。下面是ETS在逻辑之前的几句话:





1/The following discussion is intended to illustrate the variety of ways critical reasoning questions may be approached, and to give you an indication of the degree of precision and depth of reasoning that solving these problems will typically require.





2/The particular questions in this chapter are generally representative of the kinds of questions you will encounter in the GAMT.





3/Remember that the subject matter of a particular question is less important than the reasoning task you are asked to perform.





第一句,他指出了下面的205题显示了逻辑的大致问题方式。同时更重要的是:准确性和逻辑的深度。我们看看OG的解释就会发现,ETS思考到什么深度了,而我们往往没有象他那样想。所以,首先搞清楚他是如何思考的,然后尽量让自己也这样思考。





第二句,代表性。





第三句,让我们记住,在此,逻辑本质大于具体问题内容。这就要求我们从题目解释中提炼逻辑思路,而不仅仅停留在理解内容的基础上。





3-“要做到什么时候呢?”





其实,只要你分析一段时间,就会越来越熟悉ETS的思路了,一开始慢一些,像蜗牛爬一样。后来就会渐入佳境,速度也就提高了。我一开始读的时候一个晚上5个小时,只完成10问。后来快了,可以完成每部分各10问了。最后剩下语法部分,一小时可以看10题了。不过,上述速度是我在已经把OG做了(还好不是认真看,要不然时间确实太长了)两遍的基础上完成的。


而OG语法部分的前面几句话基本和阅读理解中的一样。但还有一些内容可以参照


http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?boardID=25&ID=70382&page=1



作者: 甜橙    时间: 2004-10-6 00:43

wangyu73cnGG在37楼的讲解真是精彩!

昨天就把这个帖子从头到尾看了一遍,而且也知道WYGG这两天好像有好多料要抖,所以今天一来到这个板块就赶快看这个贴果然有收获哦。可惜我OGRC第一遍今天上午刚刚做完,虽然也是仔细阅读OG解释也把打印出来的那份已经被画的稀里哗啦,还是没有GG这般地仔细。谢谢了!

不知道“另外,由于没有找到解释的电子版,还需要打出来。要是有哪位可以提供一下word文档就好了。”这里的解释版是指题目的解释吗?cd上有啊。如果是OG上除题目和解释外的内容好像没有。

哦,kuddykGG把OG上关于阅读题目的分类和做题策略给贴出来了( http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?boardID=25&ID=70382&page=1 ),楼主MM可以看一看,不过既然在北美上网买一本OG很方便为什么不买一本呢。


作者: wangyu73cn    时间: 2004-10-6 11:53
甜橙MM ,我知CD上有OG的解释,但那不是word版的吧我不知如何对他们进行COPY。如果确实有,请告我链接。大哥我先谢过了.
作者: 携隐    时间: 2004-10-6 12:37
CD上有word版的OG啊,有阅读和SC两部分的,暂时没发现逻辑的. 你再看看,如果找不到给我你的邮箱地址,我考完试给你发过去.
作者: bettyamen    时间: 2004-10-6 12:42

第三句,让我们记住,在此,逻辑本质大于具体问题内容。这就要求我们从题目解释中提炼逻辑思路,而不仅仅停留在理解内容的基础上。

这句话最经典,可说起来容易,做起来难。要做到这点,是不是每道题不论难易都要理出其思路,我说的是在做题练习时。


作者: wangyu73cn    时间: 2004-10-6 13:31

bettyamen,关于”是不是每道题不论难易都要理出其思路,我说的是在做题练习时“,我认为:

当然。在平时练习时,我们当然要象庖丁解牛一样:要知道每题在说什么,每句是什么意思,每句是premise-evidence-conclusion的哪个部分,题目问什么,选项是什么意思,这些是基础;而且重要的是,要知道我们自己为什么就选了正确选项,应该有原因的,而且重要的是,要知道我们自己为什么把错误选项都排除了,也应该有原因的。这些原因OG就给我们通过205题的解释指出了。细细地看这些题目,最好把它们”掰成八瓣“来看,认真看,我们或许会发现很多内容一开始根本就没有搞明白。如果不是OG上的题目,那做起来应该是用来检验OG和熟练OG用的,对于错的地方要认真考虑考虑。如果不认真分析,那还不如不做,正如第三句话所说,我们在考试时很难碰上同样的具体问题,当然除了管13篇等真题外。

实际上,理解OG的过程,就是我们对逻辑不断深入的过程了。看多了,渐渐地,我们就会发现,各个选项与中心论点的距离是不同的。如果我们在每道题中都能够分辨选项与中心论点的距离,那正确选项不就像有些大牛所说的在闪光吗?这种选项距离的原因,有的"无关",有的"方向完全反向",有的“有点关系但没有切中”,有的“摸棱两可”,有的就好像箭矢一样“正中标的”。只有一个最好,其他错误原因即所谓的“混偏反无”。请注意,我不是听说有“混偏反无”才想到上述距离的原因的,而是从一道道题中不断理解或者说感觉出来的。

所以请大家也从无到有地,一步步地从解释中学习体会。这个过程很重要。

当然,考试时,就不要像平常那样,一题要思考很长时间了。如果大家基础打牢了,考试时应该比较容易排除错误选项并做对题了。此时,解题的思路仍发挥重要作用,只不过所用时间少了,因为我们已经有成熟的思路了。

请指教。


作者: flowerrainn    时间: 2004-10-7 01:22

wangyu GG,"谢谢"二字绝对不能表达对我对你的谢意,唯有身体力行,将你教的方法仔细领会,向你说的方向努力靠拢。不过还是要说一句,你什么时候到这边来读书呢,一定请你吃饭。(


欢迎携隐,甜橙,bettyamen MM 发贴讨论。


[此贴子已经被作者于2004-10-7 2:48:28编辑过]

作者: 古镯    时间: 2004-10-7 10:05

关于”是不是每道题不论难易都要理出其思路,我说的是在做题练习时“,我认为:
当然。在平时练习时,我们当然要象庖丁解牛一样:要知道每题在说什么,每句是什么意思,每句是premise-evidence-conclusion的哪个部分,题目问什么,选项是什么意思,这些是基础;而且重要的是,要知道我们自己为什么就选了正确选项,应该有原因的,而且重要的是,要知道我们自己为什么把错误选项都排除了,也应该有原因的。这些原因OG就给我们通过205题的解释指出了。细细地看这些题目,最好把它们”掰成八瓣“来看,认真看,我们或许会发现很多内容一开始根本就没有搞明白。如果不是OG上的题目,那做起来应该是用来检验OG和熟练OG用的,对于错的地方要认真考虑考虑。如果不认真分析,那还不如不做,正如第三句话所说,我们在考试时很难碰上同样的具体问题,当然除了管13篇等真题外。
实际上,理解OG的过程,就是我们对逻辑不断深入的过程了。看多了,渐渐地,我们就会发现,各个选项与中心论点的距离是不同的。如果我们在每道题中都能够分辨选项与中心论点的距离,那正确选项不就像有些大牛所说的在闪光吗?这种选项距离的原因,有的"无关",有的"方向完全反向",有的“有点关系但没有切中”,有的“摸棱两可”,有的就好像箭矢一样“正中标的”。只有一个最好,其他错误原因即所谓的“混偏反无”。请注意,我不是听说有“混偏反无”才想到上述距离的原因的,而是从一道道题中不断理解或者说感觉出来的。
所以请大家也从无到有地,一步步地从解释中学习体会。这个过程很重要。
当然,考试时,就不要像平常那样,一题要思考很长时间了。如果大家基础打牢了,考试时应该比较容易排除错误选项并做对题了。此时,解题的思路仍发挥重要作用,只不过所用时间少了,因为我们已经有成熟的思路了。
请指教。

1.细心分析每题的premise-evidence-conclusion

2.认真分析错误选项:混偏反无

3.认真看OG205题的解释,“掰成八瓣”,其他非OG题只用来检验OG和熟练OG

wang GG 是这个意思把

精辟

偶在消化中


作者: wangyu73cn    时间: 2004-10-8 17:54

古鐲,你总结得很好啊。看来我说了好多废话吗。


作者: 古镯    时间: 2004-10-8 22:46

GG的一句废话都没有说,全都是精华,就是太精华了全都放在一起,很长很长,呵呵,其实GG一段长文里至少有三个层次,我研究了哥哥很多文章,发现是哥哥特色,一口气说到底,呵呵,大家很容易忽略了里面很重要的精华,所以,我提炼了一下,GG不要多想。

其实NN都有自己的思维特质,GG喜欢什么事情一口气说到底,说明GG是一个很直的人,呵呵,我猜GG是文科生,火向,或A或O型血,呵呵


作者: wangyu73cn    时间: 2004-10-9 12:20

古鐲,你快把我分析透彻了。哈哈。

只不过我是工科生,不过很喜欢文学和历史。O型。看来你说的满正确。

我要抓紧进行申请了,没时间给大家分析更多的题目了,对不住。希望楼主坚持并取得好成绩。


作者: concong    时间: 2004-10-9 19:57

精彩!

wangGG申请成功!


作者: 携隐    时间: 2004-10-9 20:23
看到花雨MM帖子的标题了,哈哈。我觉得我们应该做个帖子,把这些NN们平时指导我们的精华链接放在里面,润泽更多人
作者: 流沙    时间: 2004-10-9 20:54
以下是引用携隐在2004-10-9 20:23:00的发言:
看到花雨MM帖子的标题了,哈哈。我觉得我们应该做个帖子,把这些NN们平时指导我们的精华链接放在里面,润泽更多人

你们好好复习,我来帮你们做,然后大家来补充就可以了


作者: 古镯    时间: 2004-10-10 07:16

古鐲,你快把我分析透彻了。哈哈。
只不过我是工科生,不过很喜欢文学和历史。O型。看来你说的满正确。

GG的思维偏文

祝申请牛校~!


作者: flowerrainn    时间: 2004-10-12 23:10

向往平静生活有点波澜的时候她偏偏微澜不起,想得一份心静时却又事事连连。脑袋充满着GMAT时,偏有朋友到来,怀孕代产,竟患有些许产前忧郁症,除了百般安慰,义不容辞的陪着她大逛商场,看着她买到合意东西是的容光焕发,不禁为她肚里的BABY高兴。 是不是这两天运动较多,还是心情舒畅,她竟然在凌晨3点在我们家要生了,吓的我们跌跌撞撞的送她到了医院。小孩都要出来时却被医生发现胎位不正,又给划了一刀。总算最后母子平安,阿门(由衷的感到做母亲,不容易)!!!

做题,总结到OG十四篇,分析OG解释时猛然发现终于到了南丁格尔护士篇(先头没看携隐MM 哪里的MUMU JJ的分析,怕影响做题),今天迫不及待的仔细看了两遍,和WANGYU73CN GG的指导一块儿收集起来,还要细细体会。

现在做题最大的改变就是不像以前闷头读下去,习惯性的要想想各段落的关系。以前怎么觉得文章都那么长,现在分析一下段落,每篇文章也就是3,4段阿。

注意题中的时间状语很重要!!!

可是怎么比以前多了体会,还是每篇要错3个??? 时间这些篇都是10’。


作者: 古镯    时间: 2004-10-13 05:05

向往平静生活有点波澜的时候她偏偏微澜不起,想得一份心静时却又事事连连。脑袋充满着GMAT时,偏有朋友到来,怀孕代产,竟患有些许产前忧郁症,除了百般安慰,义不容辞的陪着她大逛商场,看着她买到合意东西是的容光焕发,不禁为她肚里的BABY高兴。 是不是这两天运动较多,还是心情舒畅,她竟然在凌晨3点在我们家要生了,吓的我们跌跌撞撞的送她到了医院。小孩都要出来时却被医生发现胎位不正,又给划了一刀。总算最后母子平安,阿门(由衷的感到做母亲,不容易)!!!

--------------

做题,总结到OG十四篇,分析OG解释时猛然发现终于到了南丁格尔护士篇(先头没看携隐MM 哪里的MUMU JJ的分析,怕影响做题),今天迫不及待的仔细看了两遍,和WANGYU73CN GG的指导一块儿收集起来,还要细细体会。

现在做题最大的改变就是不像以前闷头读下去,习惯性的要想想各段落的关系。以前怎么觉得文章都那么长,现在分析一下段落,每篇文章也就是3,4段阿。

注意题中的时间状语很重要!!!

可是怎么比以前多了体会,还是每篇要错3个??? 时间这些篇都是10’。

花雨mm中间转折的太快了,吓了我一大跳!呵呵!


作者: jjmba    时间: 2004-10-13 17:25

wangyu的解释看后,收获颇丰。


更多是给自己带来一些启示,那就是自己在复习时怎样总结才是最用,最有效的。


能够把复习资料读薄,然后在通过消化、吸收最终变为自己的心得,写成这么大篇幅的感受。


是学习的一种境界!


自己看到更多的是与NN的差距!




作者: flowerrainn    时间: 2004-10-13 22:46
以下是引用古镯在2004-10-13 5:05:00的发言:
>


花雨mm中间转折的太快了,吓了我一大跳!呵呵!




下次一定注意,有转折,分两个帖子,不要再吓着MM啦。


作者: flowerrainn    时间: 2004-10-14 21:36

昨日内容:

     XDF CR SECTION 10      20/4    32’      这个部分,怎么感觉读题前后差别这么大?前十题读得特别顺,后十题读得要回读几次,导致后来还是超时了。看来现在速度上最大的问题还是在逻辑。是不是复习逻辑的时间最少所致?

     阅读OG17,18,19    分别6/2   10'   ;  6/3    12'   ;    6/2  10';       又没有分析完。

     SC  XDF  20   做了上次做完没纠错的一套,由上次的错8变成了错四,是不是SC终于要有起色了。


作者: flowerrainn    时间: 2004-10-14 21:50

对了,那位XDJM能贴一下这篇的题目给我吗?对来对去,怎么就发现我有的这篇的题目和答案对不上号,我的题目少了两题。

Most large corporations in the United States were once run by individual capitalists who owned enough stock to dominate the board of directors (board of directors: 董事会) and dictate company policy. Because putting such large amounts of stock on the market would only depress its value, they could not sell out (sell out: v.卖完, 出卖, 背叛) for a quick profit and instead had to concentrate on improving the long-term productivity of their companies. Today, with few exceptions, the stock of large United States corporations is held by large institutions—pension funds, for example—and because these institutions are prohibited by antitrust laws from owning a majority of a company’s stock and from actively influencing a company’s decision-making, they can enhance their wealth only by buying and selling stock in anticipation of fluctuations in its value. A minority shareholder is necessarily a short term trader. As a result, United States productivity is unlikely to improve unless shareholders and the managers of the companies in which they invest are encouraged to enhance long-term productivity (and hence long-term profitability), rather than simply to maximize short-term profits.

Since the return of the old-style capitalist is unlikely, today’s short-term traders must be remade into tomorrow’s long-term capitalistic investors. The legal limits that now prevent financial institutions from acquiring a dominant shareholding position in a corporation should be removed, and such institutions (省略了SHOULD BE) encouraged to take a more active role in the operations of the companies in which they invest. In addition, any institution that holds twenty percent or more of a company’s stock should be forced to give the public one day’s notice of the intent to sell those shares. Unless the announced sale could be explained to the public on grounds other than anticipated future losses, the value of the stock would plummet and, like the old-time capitalists, major investors could cut their losses only by helping to restore their companies’ productivity. Such measures would force financial institutions to become capitalists whose success depends not on trading shares at the propitious moment, but on increasing the productivity of the companies in which they invest.

1.     In the passage, the author is primarily concerned with doing which of the following?

(A) Comparing two different approaches to a problem

(B) Describing a problem and proposing a solution

(C) Defending an established method

(D) Presenting data and drawing conclusions from the dataB

(E) Comparing two different analyses of a current situation

2.     It can be inferred from the passage that which of the following is true of majority shareholders in a corporation?

(A) They make the corporation’s operational management decisions.

(B) They are not allowed to own more than fifty percent of the corporation’s stock.

(C) They cannot make quick profits by selling their stock in the corporation.

(D) They are more interested in profits than in productivity.D

(E) They cannot sell any of their stock in the corporation without giving the public advance notice.

3.     According to the passage, the purpose of the requirement suggested in lines 30-33 would be which of the following?

(A) To encourage institutional stockholders to sell stock that they believe will decrease in value

(B) To discourage institutional stockholders from intervening in the operation of a company whose stock they own

(C) To discourage short-term profit-taking by institutional stockholders

(D) To encourage a company’s employees to take an active role in the ownership of stock in the companyC

(E) To encourage investors to diversify their stock holdings

4.     Which of the following best explains the author’s statement that “A minority shareholder is necessarily a short-term trader” (lines 15-16)?

(A) The only way a minority shareholder can make money from stocks is to buy and sell stocks as prices fluctuate over short periods of time.

(B) Only a shareholder who owns a majority of a company’s stock can influence the trading price of the stock over a long period of time.

(C) A minority shareholder is prohibited by law from buying stock and holding it for long-term profits.

(D) Large institutions like pension funds cannot legally own a majority of any corporation’s stock.A

(E) A minority shareholder rarely takes an interest in the decisions of a corporation’s board of directors.

5.     The author suggests that which of the following is a true statement about people who typify the “old style capitalist” referred to in line 23?

(A) They now rely on outdated management techniques.

(B) They seldom engaged in short-term trading of the stock they owned.

(C) They did not influence the investment policies of the corporations in which they invested.

(D) They now play a much smaller role in the stock market as a result of antitrust legislation.B

(E) They were primarily concerned with maximizing the short-term profitability of the corporations in which they owned stock.


作者: lifelover    时间: 2004-10-15 01:59

精彩!受益!谢谢!


作者: 古镯    时间: 2004-10-15 02:25

对了,那位XDJM能贴一下这篇的题目给我吗?对来对去,怎么就发现我有的这篇的题目和答案对不上号,我的题目少了两题。

花雨mm,我的大全的题目一样和你的一样都是5题


作者: flowerrainn    时间: 2004-10-15 21:22
以下是引用古镯在2004-10-15 2:25:00的发言:


花雨mm,我的大全的题目一样和你的一样都是5题


古镯MM,谢谢阿。我下载了这儿的OG 阅读,发现到了这篇文章题目没有,且下一篇的文章没有开头。我便下载了大全找到这篇文章,可惜题目只有5题,和OG阅读答案中的7题不对应。那就丢了这两题吧。


作者: flowerrainn    时间: 2004-10-15 21:49

昨日内容:


     OG RC   20(6-2  12'),21(6-1   12'),22(6-4    12')   最懊恼就是22,其实这篇文章也不长,单词也不难,不知怎么搞的就是没理解意思,搞得MAIN IDEA 的题都错了。


      XDF CR   SECTION 11    35'   20-2


      XDF   SC    SECTION 21      22-8     真是无话可说,昨日又是空欢喜,怎么SC就是上不来呢,做题做题,做题太少!!!


       OG SC 10题,CR 5题


想到一问,考试中的阅读通常是3题左右吗?是不是主要是main idear  , structure 的题?


[此贴子已经被作者于2004-10-15 23:15:15编辑过]

作者: 古镯    时间: 2004-10-15 21:54

那就丢了这两题吧。

不用丢,我找到了

88. In the passage, the author is primarily concerned with doing which of the following?

(A) Comparing two different approaches to a problem

(B) Describing a problem and proposing a solution

(C) Defending an established method

(D) Presenting data and drawing conclusions from the data

(E) Comparing two different analyses of a current situation

This question asks you to determine the main task that the passage is designed to accomplish.

·       The best answer is B. The passage identifies a problem (shareholder’ and manager’ failure to enhance companies’ long-term productivity) in the first paragraph, most pointedly in the last sentence of that paragraph. In the second paragraph, the author recommends certain actions as a means of solving that problem.

·       Choice A is not correct. The author of the passage identifies a problem in the first paragraph, but the author does not compare two different approaches to that problem. Rather, in the second paragraph, the author proposes a single, unified approach to solving the problem.

·       Choice C is incorrect. The author does not defend an established method of institutional shareholding in the United States and recommends a different method in the second paragraph.

·       Choice D is also incorrect. The author describes a situation in the first paragraph but does not provide data or draw any conclusions from data.

·       Choice E is not the correct answer. The author does not compare alternative analyses of the current situation discussed in the passage.

89. It can be inferred from the passage that which of the following is true of majority shareholders in a corporation?

(A) They make the corporation's operational management decisions.

(B) They are not allowed to own more than fifty percent of the corporation's stock.

(C) They cannot make quick profits by selling their stock in the corporation.

(D) They are more interested in profits than in productivity.

(E) They cannot sell any of their stock in the corporation without giving the public advance notic.

This question asks you to decide what the passage implies, rather than states directly, about

majority shareholders in a corporation.

·       The best answer is C. According to lines 4-8 of the passage, those individual capitalists who were once majority shareholders in a corporation would not be able to make a quick profit by selling a large amount of stock because such a sale would depress the stock’s value. It can be inferred from the passage that this would be true of any majority shareholders.

·       Choice A is not the correct answer. The passage suggests, in lines 11-13, that majority shareholders can actively influence a company’s decision-making, but it does not suggest that this influence is equal to the absolute authority suggested by the language of this answer choice. The passage also does not discuss the “operational management decisions” of corporations.

·       Choice B is not correct. The passage does not specify what percent of a corporation’s stock any one shareholder is allowed to own.

·       Choice D is not the correct answer. The author does not imply that majority shareholders are more interested in profits than in productivity. In fact, the author argues the opposite, stating that majority shareholders such as the old-style capitalists concentrated more on long-term productivity than on quick profits.

·       Choice E is also incorrect. In lines 30-33, the author proposes that shareholders of more than 20 percent of a company’s stock should be required to give advance public notice before a stock sale, but the passage does not suggest that majority shareholders are currently required to do so.

90. According to the passage, the purpose of the requirement suggested in lines 30-33 would be which of the following?

(A) To encourage institutional stockholders to sell stock that they believe will decrease in value

(B) To discourage institutional stockholders from intervening in the operation of a company whose stock they own

(C) To discourage short-term profit-taking by institutional stockholders

(D) To encourage a company's employees to take an active role in the ownership of stock in the company

(E) To encourage investors to diversify their stock holdings

This question asks you to identify the stated purpose of the author’s suggestion in lines 30-33, namely, that any institution holding 20 percent or more of a corporation’s stock be required to give the public one day’s notice of the intent to sell that stock.

·       The best answer is C. The purpose of the requirement that institutions holding 20 percent or more of a company’s stock be required to give advance public notice of the sale of that stock is stated in lines 38-42: to prevent insititutions from “trading shares at the propitious moment” and to encourage them to concentrate on increasing a company’s productivity.

·       Choice A is incorrect. The suggested requirement that an institution give advance notice of its intent to sell a significant amount of stock tends to discourage institutional stockholders from selling stock they believe will decrease in value since, according to the passage, such an announcement would cause the stock’s value to plummet (lines 33-36).

·       Choice B is also incorrect.In lines 28-30, the author argues that insititutional stockholders should be “encouraged to take a more active role in the operations of the companies in which they invest.” The advance notice requirement discussed in lines 30-33 is proposed by the author as a means of fostering, not discouraging, institutional stockholders’ participation in the operation of the companies they invest in.

·       Choice D is not the correct answer. The passage does not discuss ownership of company stock by that company’s employees.

·       Choice E is also incorrect. The passage states only that institutions should be allowed to acquire “a dominant shareholding position in a corporation,” but it does not discuss whether investors should diversity their stock holdings by investing in different companies.

91. The author suggests that which of the following is a true statement about people who typify the “old style capitalist" referred to in line 23?

(A) They now rely on outdated management techniques.

(B) They seldom engaged in short-term trading of the stock they owned.

(C) They did not influence the investment policies of the corporations in which they invested.

(D) They now play a much smaller role in the stock market as a result of antitrust legislation.

(E) They were primarily concerned with maximizing the short-term profitability of the corporations in which they owned stock.

To answer this question, you must use information contained in the passage to infer something

about the “old-style capitalist” referred to in line 23.

·       The best answer is B. According to lines 1-7 of the passage, the individual capitalists of the past, referred to later in the passage as “old-style” capitalists (line 23), could not “sell out for a quick profit” because to do so would depress the value of their stocks. From this statement it can be inferred that someone who typifies the “old-style capitalist” would be unlikely to engage in short-term stock trading.

·       Choice A is incorrect. A comparison between the old-style capitalists and their modern counterparts is made in lines 36-38, but the passage does not express an opinion about whether or not the management techniques used by these capitalists are outdated.

·       Choice C is not the correct answer. The passage does not discuss the investment policies of the corporations in which financial institutions invest.

·       Choice D is also incorrect. According to the passage (lines 1-2; line 23), the old-style capitalists were individual investors, not large institutions. While the passage stats that large institutions are affected by anti-trust legislation (lines 8-12), it says nothing about whether this legislation affects individual investors. In addition, the passage does not mention anything about how great a role individual investors now play in the stock market.

·       Choice E is also incorrect. The passage states that the old-style capitalists focused on long-term productivity (lines 5-8), and hence not on short-term profitability.

92. It can be inferred that the author makes which of the following assumptions about the businesses once controlled by individual capitalists?

(A) These businesses were less profitable than are businesses today.

(B) Improving long-term productivity led to increased profits.

(C) Each business had only a few stockholders.

(D) There was no short-term trading in the stock of these businesses.

(E) Institutions owned no stock in these companies.

This question asks you to infer, from information stated in the passage, what the author assumes

about the companies once controlled by individual capitalists.

·       The best answer is B. In liens 5-8, the author asserts that individual capitalists “had to concentrate on improving the long-term productivity of their companies.” Then, in lines 20-21, the author identifies improved long-term profitability as a consequence of improved long-term productivity. From this it can be inferred that the author assumes that if the businesses controlled by individual capitalists had improved long-term productivity, they would also have become more profitable.

·       Choice A is not correct. The author does not make any direct comparison between the profitability of past and present corporations.

·       Choice C is not the correct answer. The first sentence of the passage states that most large corporations were once dominated by individual capitalists who owned large portions of the companies’ stock, but the passage does not specify whether many or few people owned the remainder of each company’s stock.

·       Choice D is incorrect. In lines 4-6, the passage states that the individual capitalists who once dominated large corporations “could not sell out for a quick profits,” but the passage does not indicate whether or not the other shareholders of these corporations were involved in short-term trading of their stock.

·       Choice E is not correct. The passage does not suggest that intuitions owned no stock in most large corporations, only that individual capitalist owned enough stock to dominate these corporations.

93. The author suggests that the role of large institutions as stockholders differs from that of the “old-style capitalist” in part because large institutions

(A) invest in the stock of so many companies that they cannot focus attention on the affairs of any single corporation

(B) are prohibited by law from owning a majority of a corporation’s stock

(C) are influenced by brokers who advise against long-term ownership of stocks

(D) are able to put large amounts of stock on the market without depressing the stock’s value

(E) are attracted to the stocks of corporations that demonstrate long-term gains in productivity

This question asks you to infer, from information stated in the passage, a way in which the role of

large institutions as stockholders differs from that of the “old-style capitalist.”

·       The best answer is B. According to the passage, the old-style capitalists were able to play a dominant role in the corporations in which they held stock because they owned enough stock to do so (lines 1-4). The passage also states that large institutions are legally barred from owning a majority of a company’s stock (lines 8-12). From this it can be inferred that large institutions, because their ability to own stock is limited, do not play as dominant a role in the corporations of which they are stockholders as did the old-style capitalists.

·       Choice A is not correct. The passage does not indicate whether large institutions invest in many companies, few companies, or even just a single company.

·       Choice C is not the correct answer. The passage does not mention brokers or any other parties who might influence the investment choices made by large institutions.

·       Choice D is incorrect. In lines 33-36 of the passage, the author notes that an institution’ sale of a large amount of stock would, in fact, decrease the stock’s value.

·       Choice E is not the correct answer. The passage does not suggest any reason why large institutions are attracted to the stock of any particular corporations.

94. The primary function of the second paragraph of the passage is to

(A) identify problems

(B) warn of consequence

(C) explain effects

(D) evaluate solutions

(E) recommend actions

This question asks you to determine the main purpose served by the second paragraph of the

passage in the context of the passage as a whole.

·       The best answer is E. The second paragraph is devoted to the author’s recommendations of certain actions, namely, the adoption of new regulations concerning the holding and selling of stock by institutional investors.

·       Choice A is not the correct answer. The author of the passage identifies a problem-short-term trading done by institutional shareholders-but does so in the first paragraph, not in the second.

·       Choice B is incorrect. In the second paragraph, the author recommends new regulations regarding shareholding by institutions. Although in lines 38-42 the author mentions some consequences of the suggested regulations, the author clearly views these consequences as desirable.

·       Choice C is not correct. The second paragraph contains suggestions about new ways to regulate shareholding by institutions. Although the author asserts that certain effects would result from the proposed regulations, these effects are not explained.

Choice D is not correct. The second paragraph proposes measures to solve the problem presented in the first paragraph, but it simply describes, rather than evaluate, these proposed solutions.


作者: wangyu73cn    时间: 2004-10-15 22:08

我正要指出花雨的题目不仅少了题,而且题目还不一样呢,发现古鐲已经贴出来了。

古鐲从哪里找到的,可否告链接。

谢谢。


作者: flowerrainn    时间: 2004-10-15 23:02

哇,真是谢谢,古镯,这都让你找到了。 我已经抄下来,做过了。

真是奇怪,怎么大全的这篇题还会不一样呢?

WANGYU73CN NN ,你的指导还不断有人受益回复呢。


作者: flowerrainn    时间: 2004-10-22 00:10

这几天,依旧是三篇阅读,一套语法,一套逻辑,一天

阅读的感觉似乎在明了,对文章的逻辑结构更容易把握,最近做题是错0-3不等 。可偏就昨天,出现了第31篇8题错了6题的现象,我突然觉得很茫然,也很害怕,这是为什么呢?就算是这样的坚持下去,在考试时要是做一篇这样结果的阅读,那别的文章掌握的作用又有多大呢?  不过我会好好比较这篇和前些天的那篇23,为什么这两篇我都错了这么多,是不是他们代表了我阅读中的某个薄弱的知识点呢?


作者: wangyu73cn    时间: 2004-10-24 20:39

花雨,你好啊!

你好像还没有把OG上的48套阅读做了三遍吧,因为做三遍以上时,应该连答案都快记住了,不会出这么多错。

其实,我觉得,三遍之内时,多错一些题没关系。我当时也是错很多题,而且控制不了正确率,忽高忽低。对于错题,建议最好再仔细研究研究,关键看自己和ETS有哪些差异之处,当然比较之后,应尽量以ETS为准。

另外,我觉得,你目前的进度还是满快的。如果能够好好消化你这一天所遇到的内容,那就不简单了。


作者: 蓝夕叶子    时间: 2004-10-29 07:38
顶!花雨加油!
作者: wangyu73cn    时间: 2004-10-31 03:00
花雨好像开始潜水了。看不见了。
作者: flowerrainn    时间: 2004-10-31 06:15

wangyu73cn gg



不好意思,我还真是潜水了一些时日。主要是每天做题,内容要打上来都差不多,情况也好好坏坏,忽上忽下,想想还是好好做题吧,要是有些什么收获,TYPE上来也好。



刚刚完成这第二遍的OG,XDF 语法和逻辑。埋头要开始第三轮!!!!



[此贴子已经被作者于2004-10-31 9:57:48编辑过]

作者: flowerrainn    时间: 2004-10-31 08:29
叶子,叶子,小心一下就到了二月哦,一起加油!!!
作者: flowerrainn    时间: 2004-11-3 00:40

终于鼓起一百倍的勇气,将这二百来美元交给了ETS,定下十二月见面的日子。

时间怎样才能掰成两半用!!!先给自己打打气,盯着书再继续奋斗一个来月!!!


作者: wangyu73cn    时间: 2004-11-5 17:08

花雨,我在阅读区下建立了一个加油站,你有空看看,看看那几道题或许有点帮助。当然,没空就别看了。其中第一题就是先在你这里登出的。好好加油吧。不过也要注意身体。


http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?boardID=25&ID=76837&page=1


[此贴子已经被作者于2004-11-5 17:12:29编辑过]

作者: flowerrainn    时间: 2004-11-5 22:51

谢谢WANGYU73CN  GG

这几天每天安排了两篇大全SC,中间是阅读和逻辑,晚上是数学和作文。

不过我发现可能是语法太差,每天我都把阅读和逻辑的时间挤掉了不少。

于是我在逻辑和SC的网站窜来窜去,阅读的还真没怎么去呢,刚刚看了你的这个链接,由衷感到,对你的景仰,如滔滔江水。。。。。。


作者: wangyu73cn    时间: 2004-11-5 23:13

过奖了。

实际上,我是有点担心你光顾埋头用功,而忘了抬头看路了。而且那几篇类似的文章解释也可以与你做题时的理解对照一下。所以,建议你利用一些垃圾时间来CD上潜水。

但还是不要花太多时间在CD上。因为归根结底,节省些时间,自己多体会体会才能提高水平。因此,要注意时间管理。


作者: yiliu    时间: 2004-11-10 14:42
加油加油!你的今天就是我的明天!以你为榜样!
作者: flowerrainn    时间: 2004-11-10 23:16

谢谢YILIU,看到你的话,突然想起了新生的太阳那句话,是不是这中间要架桥很多次才能连上

估计我还当不了你的榜样,我们一起努力吧。

正在闭馆修炼,不管结果好坏,奋斗到考前一天,我就无怨无悔了。

现在每天都鼓励自己要坚持,每天熄调床头灯入眠的那一刻,最过幸福。


[此贴子已经被作者于2004-11-10 23:16:44编辑过]

作者: 可乐啦    时间: 2017-10-27 23:59
顶楼主!               




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