103. Students in the metropolitan school district lack math skills to such a large degree as to make it difficult to absorb them into a city economy becoming ever more dependent on information-based industries.
(A) lack math skills to such a large degree as to make it difficult to absorb them into a city economy becoming
(B) lack math skills to a large enough degree that they will be difficult to absorb into a city's economy that becomes
(C) lack of math skills is so large as to be difficult to absorb them into a city's economy that becomes
(D) are lacking so much in math skills as to be difficult to absorb into a city's economy becoming
(E) are so lacking in math skills that it will be difficult to absorb them into a city economy becoming
In A, lack is modified by a wordy and awkward construction, to such a large degree as to make it difficult to. B is similarly flawed, and to a large enough degree that is unidiomatic. C is ungrammatical because it uses lack as a noun rather than as a verb: the phrase beginning Students... becomes a dangling element, and them refers illogically to skills rather than students. Additionally, A, B, and C fail to use one or both of the "-ing" forms are lacking and becoming; these forms are preferable to lack and becomes in describing progressive and ongoing conditions. D uses the "-ing" forms, but so much... as to be difficult to absorb is an awkward and unidiomatic verbal modifier. Choice E is best.
Students in the metropolitan school district are （so lacking in math skills that it will be difficult to absorb them into a city economy） becoming ever more dependent on information-based industries。
后面的becoming到底是分词呢还是进行时态，如果是进行时态，有人见过如此奇怪的句子吗？
那怎么去解释OG中的这句话A, B, and C fail to use one or both of the "-ing" forms are lacking and becoming; these forms are preferable to lack and becomes in describing progressive and ongoing conditions.原文A中后面明显用的是becoming。
那怎么去解释OG中的这句话A, B, and C fail to use one or both of the "-ing" forms are lacking and becoming; these forms are preferable to lack and becomes in describing progressive and ongoing conditions.原文A中后面明显用的是becoming。
D有明显错误，so much。。。as to be
D有明显错误，so much。。。as to be
流沙MM，我不是说要选D，关键OG中那句话如何解释？
我对A的理解是 such a large degree as to make it difficult
这句话很罗嗦，而且it没有指代对象。such a large degree 不如so much
我对A的理解是 such a large degree as to make it difficult
这句话很罗嗦，而且it没有指代对象。such a large degree 不如so much
请仔细读一下我在一楼用黄色突出的那一部分！
流沙MM，我不是说要选D，关键OG中那句话如何解释？
我对这句话的理解是如果AB没有那个明显的such错误，而使用lack...becoming，应该是对的。从句意上来看也是如此。
呵呵！
我觉得A, B, and C fail to use one or both of the "-ing" forms are lacking and becoming; these forms are preferable to lack and becomes in describing progressive and ongoing conditions.这句话应该不能包括A，否则实在解释不通，除非后面的becoming是进行时，而在此处明显不是。
呵呵！
我觉得A, B, and C fail to use one or both of the "-ing" forms are lacking and becoming; these forms are preferable to lack and becomes in describing progressive and ongoing conditions.这句话应该不能包括A，否则实在解释不通，除非后面的becoming是进行时，而在此处明显不是。
不明白。。。becoming作为分词一样可以表达ongoing condition，这句话也没有说becomes－》"-ing"就是由动词->进行时。
个人观点：
1。Lacking可以做不及物动词，和in一起使用，而且就是用现在式的，格式为are lacking in sth===缺少sth。所以E中的lacking是进行式。。。。。
2。OG地解释应该没有问题，lack的使用既可以用lack + sth，也可以are lacking in sth，不过OG的意思是后者优先于前者，除非没有后者的选项。。。。。。
请指正，如果我说得对，那么我又学了一招ETS。
BTW，仔细看OG确实很管用的说。。。。。。。。
leeon
请再读一下OG中黄色的部分
是说use one or both of the "-ing" forms
OG说得没有错啊
og 的意思是说lack和become都应该用-ing的形式，lacking是进行时，becoming是分词修饰economy
"fail to use one or both of..."的意思是说“要不就全都没用，要不就只用了一个”，即：
A - fail to use "lacking"
B - fail to use "lacking" and "becoming"
C - fail to use "lacking" and "becoming"
我的问题是怎么判断应该是 progressive and ongoing conditions
另外，看了以前的讨论贴，对于 E 中的 them 为什么不指代 skills 仍然没有结论，再问，请nn解答
首先回答楼上的问题，代词的指代：
白勇的课堂上说代词的查找顺序：
1、主语的核心词 2、宾语的核心此或表语的核心词 3、修饰语的中心词
我通过一些题的验证，还是比较准确的。
我的问题：
1、同楼上，是怎么判断应该是 progressive and ongoing conditions？
2、E中的lacking是adj.还是v.ing?
先回一下24楼关于指代的问题。
因为从逻辑上来看，them肯定不是指代skills, 而是students。所以，即使语法上有指代混淆的嫌疑，但是我们仍然可以从逻辑上可以排除。但是，这应该是与其他选项比较之后得出的结论，因为类似结构在别的题目里面可能是个致命的错误。
还是应该从逻辑上来看，觉得应该是个持续动作，那么就应该用进行时态。但是，每个人的逻辑感觉不一样，因此很可能会有不同的理解，这个时候应该结合其他语法不同点，来判断答案。
上面的回答可能有点玄，不过我觉得这是我之前复习SC的一个体会。很多时候，GMAT没有一个明确的原则来判断对错，因此需要用逻辑和语法相辅相成，来判断答案。
lacking应该是形容词，longman上是这样解释的。
lacking adj.
[not before noun]
1. not having enough of something or any of it
lacking in
- He was lacking in confidence . She seems to be entirely lacking in intelligence.
- The new designs have all been found lacking in some important way.
2 if something that you need or want is lacking, it does not exist
- Financial backing for the project is still lacking. These qualities are sadly lacking today.
还是有一些疑问：
D. are lacking so much in math skills as to be difficult to absorb into a city's economy becoming
D uses the "-ing" forms, but so much... as to be difficult to absorb is an awkward and unidiomatic verbal modifier. 这里明显指出lacking是动词不是形容词啊？另外这句话的意思是不是：当修饰动词的时候，用so...that...比so..as to...更好？如果是的话，为什么？
如果D改成：are lacking so much in math skills that it will be difficult to absorb them into a city's economy becoming 可不可以？
(E) are so lacking in math skills that it will be difficult to absorb them into a city economy becoming
请指教！
1. "Lack" is a vt. instead of a vi. In D, the prep., in, indicates that "lacking" here is not a verb but an adj. This idea is proved by Longman. From Longman: "Do not use the verb lack before 'in' or 'of': We lack ideas (NOT We lack in/of ideas). However, you can use the phrases be lacking in and a lack: We are lacking in ideas OR We have a lack of ideas."
2. "Verbal modifier" here does not necessarily mean "a modifer for verbs". "Verbal" could also mean "informal" or "oral" besides the adj. of verbs. Therefore, "....but so much... as to be difficult to absorb is an awkward and unidiomatic verbal modifier" only states that "so...as to be" here is a wrong expression and also less formal. The subject of the first part of the sentence is "students", but the the subject of the second one is not. Therefore, "so as to" is not equivalent to "so that" here. In another word, "so that" is required, and it cannot be replaced by "so as to".
3. "lacking so much in math skills" isn't the same as "so lacking in math skills".
lacking so much........"so" modifies "much"
so lacking..................."so" modifies "lacking"
1. "Lack" is a vt. instead of a vi. In D, the prep., in, indicates that "lacking" here is not a verb but an adj. This idea is proved by Longman. From Longman: "Do not use the verb lack before 'in' or 'of': We lack ideas (NOT We lack in/of ideas). However, you can use the phrases be lacking in and a lack: We are lacking in ideas OR We have a lack of ideas."
2. "Verbal modifier" here does not necessarily mean "a modifer for verbs". "Verbal" could also mean "informal" or "oral" besides the adj. of verbs. Therefore, "....but so much... as to be difficult to absorb is an awkward and unidiomatic verbal modifier" only states that "so...as to be" here is a wrong expression and also less formal. The subject of the first part of the sentence is "students", but the the subject of the second one is not. Therefore, "so as to" is not equivalent to "so that" here. In another word, "so that" is required, and it cannot be replaced by "so as to".
3. "lacking so much in math skills" isn't the same as "so lacking in math skills".
lacking so much........"so" modifies "much"
so lacking..................."so" modifies "lacking"
解释的到位，准确！
补充一点，OG没有提到，D中to absorb后面没有代词，造成了成份丢失，如果说成to be absorbed似乎更好。
解释的到位，准确！
补充一点，OG没有提到，D中to absorb后面没有代词，造成了成份丢失，如果说成to be absorbed似乎更好。
1. "Lack" is a vt. instead of a vi. In D, the prep., in, indicates that "lacking" here is not a verb but an adj. This idea is proved by Longman. From Longman: "Do not use the verb lack before 'in' or 'of': We lack ideas (NOT We lack in/of ideas). However, you can use the phrases be lacking in and a lack: We are lacking in ideas OR We have a lack of ideas."
2. "Verbal modifier" here does not necessarily mean "a modifer for verbs". "Verbal" could also mean "informal" or "oral" besides the adj. of verbs. Therefore, "....but so much... as to be difficult to absorb is an awkward and unidiomatic verbal modifier" only states that "so...as to be" here is a wrong expression and also less formal. The subject of the first part of the sentence is "students", but the the subject of the second one is not. Therefore, "so as to" is not equivalent to "so that" here. In another word, "so that" is required, and it cannot be replaced by "so as to".
3. "lacking so much in math skills" isn't the same as "so lacking in math skills".
lacking so much........"so" modifies "much"
so lacking..................."so" modifies "lacking"
紫草牛魔王实在是太牛了,坚决不发灌水贴的我也忍不助赞一个!!
3. "lacking so much in math skills" isn't the same as "so lacking in math skills".
lacking so much........"so" modifies "much"
so lacking..................."so" modifies "lacking"
从语法上看上面两句的确不同，从含义上看，两个是不是都说的通呢？当然，它们的强调重点是不同，但是不是应该都是合理的呢？
一个是缺乏这么多技能，一个是如此的缺乏技能
等待NN
1. "Lack" is a vt. instead of a vi. In D, the prep., in, indicates that "lacking" here is not a verb but an adj. This idea is proved by Longman. From Longman: "Do not use the verb lack before 'in' or 'of': We lack ideas (NOT We lack in/of ideas). However, you can use the phrases be lacking in and a lack: We are lacking in ideas OR We have a lack of ideas."
2. "Verbal modifier" here does not necessarily mean "a modifer for verbs". "Verbal" could also mean "informal" or "oral" besides the adj. of verbs. Therefore, "....but so much... as to be difficult to absorb is an awkward and unidiomatic verbal modifier" only states that "so...as to be" here is a wrong expression and also less formal. The subject of the first part of the sentence is "students", but the the subject of the second one is not. Therefore, "so as to" is not equivalent to "so that" here. In another word, "so that" is required, and it cannot be replaced by "so as to".
3. "lacking so much in math skills" isn't the same as "so lacking in math skills".
lacking so much........"so" modifies "much"
so lacking..................."so" modifies "lacking"
关于薰衣nn的第一段解释, 我发现OG11的解释说 are lacking in是动词的现在进行时,,,困惑中
The sentence reveals an ongoing situation (the economy is becoming...), so the use of the present progressvie tense (are lacking in) in place of the present tense (lack) is appropriate.
我看的也是OG11，很多解释都改了。呵呵，看来美国人的语法又“弱”化了。。。
btw,强烈赞同nn们的精彩讨论！比og更精辟的说！
OG11中对E的解释：In this sentence, the present progressive verb
are lacking reveals an ongoing situation...
所以这的lacking是动词？与之前的大家的讨论觉得是形容词不一样啊
还有就是为什么后面是ongoing situation--becoming, 前面就要用lacking呢？
个人观点：
1。Lacking可以做不及物动词，和in一起使用，而且就是用现在式的，格式为are lacking in sth===缺少sth。所以E中的lacking是进行式。。。。。
2。OG地解释应该没有问题，lack的使用既可以用lack + sth，也可以are lacking in sth，不过OG的意思是后者优先于前者，除非没有后者的选项。。。。。。
请指正，如果我说得对，那么我又学了一招ETS。
BTW，仔细看OG确实很管用的说。。。。。。。。
lack
1. N-UNCOUNT
If
there
is a lack
of
something, there
is
not
enough
of
it
or
it
does
not
exist
at all.
his
lack
of
experience, he
got
the
job.
charges were
dropped for
lack
of
evidence.
is a lack
of
people
wanting
to
start
up
new
businesses.
2. VERB
If
you
say
that
someone
or
something
lacks a particular
quality
or
that a particular
quality
is
lacking
in
them, you
mean
that
they
do
not
have
any
or
enough
of
it.
lacked the
judgment
and
political acumen for
the
post
of
chairman.
vital
information
is
lacking
in
the
report.
3. PHRASE
If
you
say
there
is
no
lack
of
something, you
are emphasizing
that
there
is a great
deal
of
it.
said
there
was
no
lack
of
things for
them
to
talk
about.
lacking
ADJ : v-link
ADJ, usu ADJ in n
If
something
or
someone
is
lacking
in a particular
quality, they
do
not
have
any
of
it
or
enough
of
it.
felt
nervous, increasingly
lacking
in
confidence
about
herself.
was
military
intelligence
so
lacking?
解释的到位，准确！
补充一点，OG没有提到，D中to absorb后面没有代词，造成了成份丢失，如果说成to be absorbed似乎更好。
同意。。 。这个解释加上薰衣草的解释，真是太到位了。
感觉这个题从句子意思上来分析，更容易找出选项。。
up!
Thanks!
解释的到位，准确！
补充一点，OG没有提到，D中to absorb后面没有代词，造成了成份丢失，如果说成to be absorbed似乎更好。
每次看到这些前辈NN的回帖都眼前一亮,收获多多,佩服多多.
BTW, 楼上MM: so..as to 与so...that的用法不一样的,在众多NN面前不敢弄斧, 辛苦一下查查语法书哟.
88.
The Emperor Augustus, it appears, commissioned an idealized sculpture portrait, the features of which are so unrealistic as to constitute what one scholar calls an "artificial face."
(A) so unrealistic as to constitute
(B) so unrealistic they constituted
(C) so unrealistic that they have constituted
(D) unrealistic enough so that they constitute
(E) unrealistic enough so as to constitute
回覆樓上的～這題正確答案為(A),不過GMAT裡so as to的句型的確很少使用
目前我还没有看到so as to 正确的答案，so as to 出现一般都被称作繁复的结构；GMAT里面有so as to 么？
*********************
同问这个，貌似OG里面的so as to基本都是错误选项，可能有例外，但是大部分的情况是
为什么呢？
so as to 和so that在GMAT中最大的不同就是so that后有明确的主语，so as to 后的主语有些混乱，不一定是so as to前面句子的主语。
如果so as to前面是SVO，从语法上很难讲S or O是as to的发出者，如果so as to前面是SV，没有O，S做语法主语的可能性就很大（she have her hair cut so as to..., so as to后面句子的主语还有可能就是理发师，所以很混乱），但D中如果students做主语，句子意思就变成了students is difficult to absorb them in...，逻缉意思明显不对。
GMAT见过so as to用对的一次就是因为系表结构：so adj as to
88.
The Emperor Augustus, it appears, commissioned an idealized sculpture portrait, the features of which are so unrealistic as to constitute what one scholar calls an "artificial face."
(A) so unrealistic as to constitute
(B) so unrealistic they constituted
(C) so unrealistic that they have constituted
(D) unrealistic enough so that they constitute
(E) unrealistic enough so as to constitute
我觉得becoming应该是现在进行时态啊，因为和are lacking 并列，所以那个are被省略了
记得新东方又说并列的时候第二个be动词可省的
我是菜鸟，大家轻拍啊
| 欢迎光临 ChaseDream (https://forum.chasedream.com/) | Powered by Discuz! X3.3 |