ChaseDream

标题: 晕了，帮忙指点！og74 [打印本页]

作者: shiningstar 时间: 2004-8-30 13:44
标题: 晕了，帮忙指点！og74

Growing competitive pressures may be encouraging auditors to bend the rules in favor of clients;auditors may,for instance,allow a questionable loan to remain on the books in order to maintain a bank's profits on paper.
a) clients;auditors may,for instance,allow
b) clients,as an instance,to allow
c) clients,like to allow
d) clients,such as to be allowing
e) clients;which might ,as an instance,be the allowing of

我记得同位语是修饰最近的名词的。迷糊了，我想问一下，which啥时候修饰前面一句话，啥时候修饰最近的名词？能否举例一说？e这种表达对么？一句话里面有个which修饰前面一句话？谢谢了！！！

作者: 携隐 时间: 2004-8-30 15:47
这个题E好像就是错的吧！

作者: xealot 时间: 2004-8-30 16:31
OG的解释里不止一次地说，Which 引导的句子不能修饰前面一句话，或者一个“意思”。虽然我们平时都是这样用的。

作者: sophie_zyy 时间: 2004-8-30 21:04

which修饰的是单个名词,不指带整个句子

在此题中,由于出现了分号所以后面应该是一个句子,而which只是引导一个定语从句,显然是错了。

作者: shiningstar 时间: 2004-8-30 22:14

谢谢各位的解释

附上解释吧：The first independent clause of the sentence describes a general situation; in A, the best choice, a second independent clause clearly and grammatically presents an example of this circumstance. Choice B uses as an instance ungrammatically: as an instance requires of to form such idiomatic constructions as “She cited x as an instance of y.” Also, this construction cannot link infinitives such as to bend and to allow. The infinitive is again incorrect in C and D. C misuses like, a comparative preposition, to introduce an example. D requires by in place of to be. E, aside from being wordy and imprecise, uses the pronoun which to refer vaguely to the whole preceding clause rather than to a specific noun referent.

To 携隐: e就是错的阿，我就是不明白og关于which的解释.都怪我没有把问题说清楚。

To xealot :接受。

To sophie_zyy :看看og的解释，好像og看来，这种表达方式中which是指代前面一句话，好像不是你所说的

只是引导一个定于从句

啊，所以我才糊涂的。

是不是which没有指代前面一句话的时候啊?为何which用在这里og会认为因其指代前面一句话而成为错误选项呢？

我的问题是，看了这道题目（其实不是针对这道题目）我想起来一个问题：像这种成份，有时候是修饰紧跟的名词，有时候是修饰一句话，但是一是搞不清楚都是具体什么情况了，能否指点一下呀？？？不知道大家明不明白我的意思啊。谢谢！

[此贴子已经被作者于2004-8-30 22:16:51编辑过]

作者: rt316 时间: 2004-8-31 01:31

uses the pronoun which to refer vaguely to the whole preceding clause rather than to a specific noun referent.

OG的意思是：E错误地用which指代前面的句子而不是指代一个指定的名词，换言之，which不能指代句子，只能修饰名词。

作者: shiningstar 时间: 2004-8-31 02:19

谢谢！

那我说的那些:同位语，还有which引导的非限定性定于从句是不是都是修饰最近的名词？或者逗号前的名词？

请指教，谢谢！

作者: rt316 时间: 2004-8-31 05:36

以下是引用shiningstar在2004-8-31 2:19:00的发言：

谢谢！

那我说的那些:同位语，还有which引导的非限定性定于从句是不是都是修饰最近的名词？或者逗号前的名词？

定从，无论是限定还是非限定都是修饰前置名词，但是，是否修饰的是就近名词就不一定了，要从逻辑和语法角度综合分析。

作者: shiningstar 时间: 2004-8-31 06:31

嗯，又看了几道题现在能理解这句话的意思了，谢谢

作者: blur 时间: 2004-8-31 08:19
Agree with stoneren

作者: shiningstar 时间: 2004-8-31 08:44

谢谢大家，

贴上来吧，看看这个贴子的定从修饰问题，这个是that从句的

http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?BoardID=23&ID=52222

作者: shiningstar 时间: 2004-9-1 23:58
119. Executives and federal officials say that the use of crack and cocaine is growing rapidly among workers, significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, which already are a cost to business of more than $100 billion a year.

(A) significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, which already are a cost to business of
(B) significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, which already cost business
(C) significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, already with business costs of
(D) significant in compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, and already costing business
(E) significant in compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, and already costs business
这个题是which答案是B,这里的which的用法，因为后面是cost所以其修饰的不可能是drug或者是 alcohol abuse 所以只能修饰effects这个复数名次。但是又看了一遍我又晕了，他是修饰effects还是drug and alcohol abuse？？？怎末区分？

作者: tweib 时间: 2004-9-2 00:25

以下是引用shiningstar在2004-9-1 23:58:00的发言：
这个题是which答案是B,这里的which的用法，因为后面是cost所以其修饰的不可能是drug或者是 alcohol abuse 所以只能修饰effects这个复数名次。但是又看了一遍我又晕了，他是修饰effects还是drug and alcohol abuse？？？怎末区分？

n1 +of+n2,which－－－其中which确实可能指代n1或n2，但这里好象是(drug and alcohol abuse)'s effects

作者: shiningstar 时间: 2004-9-2 00:36

谢谢楼上帮助！

就像stoneren说的，可以根据谓语动词的单复数判断，但是当单复数不能判断的时候，就像这个题目，什么是 a cost to business of more than $100 billion a year.是effects还是drug and alcohol abuse，是不是这要从逻辑意思上判断？

我可能又要钻牛角尖了，呵呵，先跳出来，说这个题的目的就是为了想验证一下定于从句的修饰对象的判断规则。请继续指教！谢了

作者: rt316 时间: 2004-9-2 00:50

以下是引用shiningstar在2004-9-1 23:58:00的发言：
119. Executives and federal officials say that the use of crack and cocaine is growing rapidly among workers, significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, which already are a cost to business of more than $100 billion a year.

(A) significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, which already are a cost to business of
(B) significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, which already cost business
(C) significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, already with business costs of
(D) significant in compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, and already costing business
(E) significant in compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, and already costs business
这个题是which答案是B,这里的which的用法，因为后面是cost所以其修饰的不可能是drug或者是 alcohol abuse 所以只能修饰effects这个复数名次。但是又看了一遍我又晕了，他是修饰effects还是drug and alcohol abuse？？？怎末区分？

effects of drug and alcohol abuse中的结构是：复数名词effects + of + 单数名词abuse，而drug and alcohol是修饰abuse的，所以，这道题从语法的单复数上就能确定which修饰effects；当然，从逻辑上我们也能判断出同样的结果。

作者: shiningstar 时间: 2004-9-2 01:01