ChaseDream

标题: GWD 1-25 [打印本页]

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作者: valarie    时间: 2004-8-29 04:56
标题: GWD 1-25

Q25 to Q28:

      Recently biologists have been

            interested in a tide-associated

            periodic behavior displayed by

Line     the diatom Hantzschia virgata, a

  (5)      microscopic golden-brown alga that

inhabits that portion of a shoreline

washed by tides (the intertidal zone).

Diatoms of this species, sometimes

called “commuter” diatoms, remain

(10)     burrowed in the sand during high

tide, and emerge on the sand sur-

face during the daytime low tide.

Just before the sand is inundated by

the rising tide, the diatoms burrow

(15)     again.  Some scientists hypothesize

that commuter diatoms know that it

is low tide because they sense an

environmental change, such as an

alteration in temperature or a change

(20)     in pressure caused by tidal move-

            ment.  However, when diatoms are

            observed under constant conditions

in a laboratory, they still display

periodic behavior, continuing to bur-

(25)     row on schedule for several weeks.

This indicates that commuter diatoms,

rather than relying on environmental

cues to keep time, possess an inter-

nal pacemaker or biological clock

(30)     that enables them to anticipate peri-

odic changes in the environment.

A commuter diatom has an unusu-

            ally accurate biological clock, a

consequence of the unrelenting

(35)    environmental pressures to which

it is subjected; any diatoms that do

not burrow before the tide arrives

are washed away.

      This is not to suggest that the

(40)    period of this biological clock is

immutably fixed.  Biologists have

concluded that even though a

diatom does not rely on the envi-

ronment to keep time, environmental

(45)     factors—including changes in the

tide’s hydrostatic pressure, salin-

ity, mechanical agitation, and

temperature—can alter the period

of its biological clock according to

(50)     changes in the tidal cycle.  In short,

the relation between an organism’s

biological clock and its environment

is similar to that between a wristwatch

and its owner[x1] :  the owner cannot

(55)     make the watch run faster or slower,

but can reset the hands.  However,

this relation is complicated in intertidal

dwellers such as commuter diatoms

by the fact that these organisms are

(60)     exposed to the solar-day cycle as

well as to the tidal cycle, and some-

times display both solar-day and

tidal periods in a single behavior.

Commuter diatoms, for example,

(65)     emerge only during those low tides

that occur during the day.

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Q25:

The passage suggests which of the following about the accuracy of the commuter diatom’s biological clock?para 1

                        

The accuracy of the commuter diatom’s biological clock varies according to changes in the tidal cycle. (not the accuracy varies but the internal time varies according to…)

The unusual accuracy that characterizes the commuter diatom’s biological clock is rare among intertidal species. (Not mentioned)

The commuter diatom’s biological clock is likely to be more accurate than the biological clock of a species that is subject to less intense environmental pressures. No between-species comparison? Or inferrer

The commuter diatom’s biological clock tends to be more accurate than the biological clocks of most other species because of the consistency of the tidal cycle. (not mentioned)

E. The accuracy of the commuter diatom’s biological clock tends to fluctuate when the diatom is observed under variable laboratory conditions. (opposite with passage)

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It seems there is no right answer for this. Can anyone help me? Thanks.

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作者: fair_sword    时间: 2004-8-31 16:08
选C, 就是这句话改写。

A commuter diatom has an unusu-

            ally accurate biological clock, a

consequence of the unrelenting

(35)    environmental pressures to which

it is subjected; any diatoms that do

not burrow before the tide arrives

are washed away.

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作者: mikeleven    时间: 2004-11-12 03:08

Q27:

According to the passage, the periodic behavior displayed by commuter diatoms under constant laboratory conditions is characterized by which of the following?

                                                                

1. Greater unpredictability than the corresponding behavior under natural conditions

2. A consistent periodic schedule in the short term

3. No difference over the long term from the corresponding behavior under natural conditions

4. Initial variability caused by the constant conditions of the laboratory

5. Greater sensitivity to environmental factors than is the case under natural conditions

ans:B
why??according to which sentences?where can i find the "short term"/"long term"?
and wht does C mean?
where can i find the "short term"/"long term"?

难道是我没看清楚文章吗?

[此贴子已经被作者于2004-11-12 3:10:14编辑过]

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作者: meixiapeng    时间: 2004-11-14 01:48
我认为在实验室做的试验肯定不会很长，跟自然界比起来。做一两试验不能说明commuter diatoms 的长期的情况，但短期是没问题的。

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作者: joe11    时间: 2004-11-14 12:27

B. according to :

"However, when diatoms are

            observed under constant conditions

in a laboratory, they still display

periodic behavior, continuing to bur-

(25)     row on schedule for several weeks."

"several weeks" :: short term

C. corresponding behavior 类似的行为

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作者: scorpio0001    时间: 2005-2-24 17:52

1、 27题

我一开始这道题也选C，主要是我最初认为several weeks不是short term。但是，我觉得short term 或long term 是极度主观的感觉，况且此文中没有参照时间，所以不能说several weeks就是short term。但是下面一段话可以排除C选项，原因在于:生物钟的周期可以通过外界环境的改变而改变。可以推断，若实验室维持一个不变的（constant）环境，过不了多久，生物钟的周期就会改变。所以C的long term 是错误的。

This is not to suggest that the

(40)    period of this biological clock is

immutably fixed.  Biologists have

concluded that even though a

diatom does not rely on the envi-

ronment to keep time, environmental

(45)     factors—including changes in the

tide’s hydrostatic pressure, salin-

ity, mechanical agitation, and

temperature—can alter the period

of its biological clock according to

(50)     changes in the tidal cycle

继续讨论

[此贴子已经被作者于2005-2-24 17:56:02编辑过]

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作者: scorpio0001    时间: 2005-2-24 18:07

以下是引用fair_sword在2004-8-31 16:08:00的发言：
选C, 就是这句话改写。

A commuter diatom has an unusu-

            ally accurate biological clock, a

consequence of the unrelenting

(35)    environmental pressures to which

it is subjected; any diatoms that do

not burrow before the tide arrives

are washed away.

我怎么总觉得C选项的: the biological clock of a species that is subject to less intense enviromental pressure（那些遭受较轻环境压力的生物钟物种）与您上面的蓝字部分不是一回事。您的蓝字部分：没有在海浪到来时躲在洞里的硅藻被冲走了。我认为：被海浪冲走的硅藻和没有被海浪冲走的硅藻都经历了相同的环境压力，只不过被冲走的硅藻自身的生物钟没有那么严格遵守时间而被自然淘汰了。所以我认为本句不构成C的答案。

另外我不知道这道题该选什么。请牛人指导。

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作者: smzsmz    时间: 2005-4-30 20:13

以下是引用scorpio0001在2005-2-24 18:07:00的发言：

我怎么总觉得C选项的: the biological clock of a species that is subject to less intense enviromental pressure（那些遭受较轻环境压力的生物钟物种）与您上面的蓝字部分不是一回事。您的蓝字部分：没有在海浪到来时躲在洞里的硅藻被冲走了。我认为：被海浪冲走的硅藻和没有被海浪冲走的硅藻都经历了相同的环境压力，只不过被冲走的硅藻自身的生物钟没有那么严格遵守时间而被自然淘汰了。所以我认为本句不构成C的答案。

另外我不知道这道题该选什么。请牛人指导。

如果生物钟不准的话就是死路一条，压力当然大咯

就好像要求你六点起床，起不来直接拉出去枪毙，看你起不起得来

我觉得c是非常完美答案，fair_sword的定位也很准确

[此贴子已经被作者于2005-4-30 20:16:18编辑过]

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作者: best555tw    时间: 2005-5-11 00:14
25題E為什麼不對
However, when diatoms are
observed under constant conditions
in a laboratory, they still display
periodic behavior, continuing to bur-
(25) row on schedule for several weeks.

This is not to suggest that the
(40) period of this biological clock is
immutably fixed. Biologists have
concluded that even though a
diatom does not rely on the envi-
ronment to keep time, environmental
(45) factors—including changes in the
tide’s hydrostatic pressure, salin-
ity, mechanical agitation, and
temperature—can alter the period
of its biological clock according to
(50) changes in the tidal cycle.

原文說在constant的環境下
生理時鐘不會改變
但會隨著某些環境因素而改變
所以E為什麼不對?

C為什麼可以推出more accurate than the biological clock of a species??

謝拉......

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作者: wwwhahchn    时间: 2005-5-11 18:24
文中说会变的是period of its biological clock，而非the accuracy of its biological clock

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作者: xinfaxian    时间: 2005-5-28 00:33

以下是引用scorpio0001在2005-2-24 17:52:00的发言：

1、 27题

我一开始这道题也选C，主要是我最初认为several weeks不是short term。但是，我觉得short term 或long term 是极度主观的感觉，况且此文中没有参照时间，所以不能说several weeks就是short term。但是下面一段话可以排除C选项，原因在于:生物钟的周期可以通过外界环境的改变而改变。可以推断，若实验室维持一个不变的（constant）环境，过不了多久，生物钟的周期就会改变。所以C的long term 是错误的。

This is not to suggest that the

(40)    period of this biological clock is

immutably fixed.  Biologists have

concluded that even though a

diatom does not rely on the envi-

ronment to keep time, environmental

(45)     factors—including changes in the

tide’s hydrostatic pressure, salin-

ity, mechanical agitation, and

temperature—can alter the period

of its biological clock according to

(50)     changes in the tidal cycle

继续讨论

分析的太有道理了。我一开始就是想不明白，为什么several weeks是短期的我也选了C,现在彻底搞定，谢谢mm.

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作者: xxiaoyan    时间: 2005-8-25 16:33

请问一下：楼上所说的

原因在于:生物钟的周期可以通过外界环境的改变而改变。可以推断，若实验室维持一个不变的（constant）环境，过不了多久，生物钟的周期就会改变。所以C的long term 是错误的。

不明白这是啥意思，维持一个不变的环境，生物钟的周期怎么改变？    还是我的理解有误？

xiaoxiao很晕得说

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作者: wangyu73cn    时间: 2005-8-26 12:30

我想，scorpio0001的意思是说，维持一个(可以改变周期的)不变的constant环境，过一段时间，周期就改变了。

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作者: xiangqinzh    时间: 2006-11-8 10:31

顶

[此贴子已经被作者于2007-1-6 12:19:11编辑过]

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作者: xiangqinzh    时间: 2007-1-6 12:19

关于25题选C 的理由

A commuter diatom has an unusu-      ad. 异乎寻常地(显著地,非常)

       ally accurate biological clock, a

consequence of the unrelenting     a. 不屈不挠的,不松懈的  

 

 (35)
                    environmental pressures to which

it is subjected; any diatoms that do

not burrow before the tide arrives

are washed away.

 

有准确的生物钟，是有因为经历的不屈不扰的压力的结果，取非：没有经过压力，那么生物钟就没有那么准确  ,所以正好是C想表达的意思

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作者: sunfu    时间: 2007-2-4 17:48

以下是引用scorpio0001在2005-2-24 17:52:00的发言：

1、 27题

我一开始这道题也选C，主要是我最初认为several weeks不是short term。但是，我觉得short term 或long term 是极度主观的感觉，况且此文中没有参照时间，所以不能说several weeks就是short term。但是下面一段话可以排除C选项，原因在于:生物钟的周期可以通过外界环境的改变而改变。可以推断，若实验室维持一个不变的（constant）环境，过不了多久，生物钟的周期就会改变。所以C的long term 是错误的。

This is not to suggest that the

(40)    period of this biological clock is

immutably fixed.  Biologists have

concluded that even though a

diatom does not rely on the envi-

ronment to keep time, environmental

(45)     factors—including changes in the

tide’s hydrostatic pressure, salin-

ity, mechanical agitation, and

temperature—can alter the period

of its biological clock according to

(50)     changes in the tidal cycle

继续讨论

我觉得选C。你看27题的题目：

Q27:

According to the passage, the periodic behavior displayed by commuter diatoms under constant laboratory conditions is characterized by which of the following?

             

1. Greater unpredictability than the corresponding behavior under natural conditions
2. A consistent periodic schedule in the short term
3. No difference over the long term from the corresponding behavior under natural conditions
4. Initial variability caused by the constant conditions of the laboratory
5. Greater sensitivity to environmental factors than is the case under natural conditions

它问的是“周期性的行为”而不是“周期”，大家不要认为关键在于“短期”还是“长期”，关键在于实验室中的这个commuter diatoms 的行为与实验室外的比较。我把文章中有关的地方截下来，大家看看：

            ment.  However, when diatoms are

            observed under constant conditions

in a laboratory, they still display

periodic behavior, continuing to bur-

 (25)      row on schedule for several weeks.

This indicates that commuter diatoms,

rather than relying on environmental

cues to keep time, possess an inter-

nal pacemaker or biological clock

 (30)      that enables them to anticipate peri-

odic changes in the environment.

实验室环境下的diatoms还是表现出了周期性的行为，这个与C强调的重点——两种环境下行为比较——是相同的，文章并没有提到几周时间是short还是long，因此我们不能主观判定这件事，所以C是正解。

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作者: christy42728    时间: 2007-11-14 09:18

1. The unusual accuracy that characterizes the commuter diatom’s biological clock is rare among intertidal species.
2. The commuter diatom’s biological clock is likely to be more accurate than the biological clock of a species that is subject to less intense environmental pressures

我觉得B C都有不妥之处，B好像没有明确说CD和其他的对比。C文章说unrelenting pressure 而答案less intense pressures一说恒定一说变小也不太对，到底比较之下选哪个？请指教

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作者: bbxiaos    时间: 2007-11-22 23:57

再问这个25题，

C选项The commuter diatom’s biological clock is likely to be more accurate than the biological clock of a species that is subject to less intense environmental pressures。

这里的比较： to be more accurate than the biological clock of a species，apecies指的是什么呀，从文中的“

A commuter diatom has an unusu-

       ally accurate biological clock, a

consequence of the unrelenting

 (35)
                          environmental pressures to which it is subjected

也没看出来有拿commuter和哪个species相比较，还请大家帮忙看看！！

A commuter diatom has an unusu-

       ally accurate biological clock, a

consequence of the unrelenting

 (35)
                  environmental pressures to which it is subjected

也没看出来有拿commuter和哪个species相比较，还请大家帮忙看看！！

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作者: sch    时间: 2007-12-20 10:11

我觉得选C。你看27题的题目：

Q27:

According to the passage, the periodic behavior displayed by commuter diatoms under constant laboratory conditions is characterized by which of the following?

             

1. Greater unpredictability than the corresponding behavior under natural conditions
2. A consistent periodic schedule in the short term
3. No difference over the long term from the corresponding behavior under natural conditions
4. Initial variability caused by the constant conditions of the laboratory
5. Greater sensitivity to environmental factors than is the case under natural conditions

它问的是“周期性的行为”而不是“周期”，大家不要认为关键在于“短期”还是“长期”，关键在于实验室中的这个commuter diatoms 的行为与实验室外的比较。我把文章中有关的地方截下来，大家看看：

            ment.  However, when diatoms are

            observed under constant conditions

in a laboratory, they still display

periodic behavior, continuing to bur-

 (25)      row on schedule for several weeks.

This indicates that commuter diatoms,

rather than relying on environmental

cues to keep time, possess an inter-

nal pacemaker or biological clock

 (30)      that enables them to anticipate peri-

odic changes in the environment.

实验室环境下的diatoms还是表现出了周期性的行为，这个与C强调的重点——两种环境下行为比较——是相同的，文章并没有提到几周时间是short还是long，因此我们不能主观判定这件事，所以C是正解。

＋＋＋＋＋＋＋＋＋＋＋＋＋＋＋＋＋＋＋＋＋＋＋＋＋＋＋＋＋＋＋＋＋＋＋＋

这位说得是正解。

文章前面是说，一些科学家怀疑diatom是通过周围环境，诸如温度水压等，感知tide变low了，所以露头了。 然后话题一转，however,通过实验室的恒定条件（温度水压等不变）的观测下，diatom还是到点就露头－－－－－－这说明了，diatom不是靠环境线索，而是靠得内部生物种来和环境变化保持pace的。

所以当题目问你： According to the passage, the periodic behavior displayed by commuter diatoms under constant laboratory conditions is characterized by which of the following?

在实验室恒定条件下，diatom显示出来的periodic行为要用什么来概括？

其实就是问你实验结果是什么？－－－－－－实验结果的中心思想就是“不变”，虽然外界环境和自然界不一样，但是diatom的到点起床行为保持“不变”。

所以，C中 no difference才是呼应。

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作者: sch    时间: 2007-12-20 10:17
接着说：
文章一开始说：
。。。。。。。

文
章前面是说，一些科学家怀疑diatom是通过周围环境，诸如温度水压等，感知tide变low了，所以露头了。
然后话题一转，however,通过实验室的恒定条件（温度水压等不变）的观测下，diatom还是到点就露头－－－－－－这说明了，diatom不是靠
环境线索，而是靠得内部生物种来和环境变化保持pace的。

第一段其实就想说明，diatom用生物钟，而不是其它感知手段，按时起床的、

第二段呢，既然提到了生物种，第二段开始谈，影响生物钟周期的因素。

。。。。。。。。。。

所以27题问你实验室环境恒定的时候，diatom周期性行为说明了什么，只有去第一段找。

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作者: snowofjune    时间: 2007-12-24 08:35
ｕｐ，Ｉ　ｃｈｏｓｅ　Ａ，　ｂｕｔ　ｔｈｅ　ａｎｓｗｅｒ　ｉｓ　Ｃ，　Ｉ　ａｍ　ｎｏｔ　ｃｏｎｖｉｎｃｅｄ．　

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作者: zzloveyibo    时间: 2014-5-4 20:07

scorpio0001 发表于 2005-2-24 17:52
1、 27题我一开始这道题也选C，主要是我最初认为several weeks不是short term。但是，我觉得short term 或l ...

懂了。。。。

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作者: AMBER513    时间: 2019-9-10 16:06

valarie 发表于 2004-8-29 04:56
Q25 to Q28:      Recently biologists have been        & ...

答案选C
A commuter diatom has an unusu-ally accurate biological clock, a consequence of the unrelenting environmental pressures to which it is subjected

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