The format of network television news programs generally allows advocates of a point of view only 30 seconds to convey their message. Consequently, regular watchers become accustomed to thinking of issues in terms only of slogans and catch phrases, and so the expectation of careful discussion of public issues gradually disappears from their awareness. The format of newspaper stories, on the other hand, leads readers to pursue details of stories headed by the most important facts and so has the opposite effect on regular readers—that of maintaining the expectation of careful discussion of public issues. Therefore, in contrast to regular newspaper reading, regular watching of network television news programs increases the tendency to think of public issues in oversimplified terms.
19. Which one of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?
(A) Regular watchers of network television news programs are much more likely than other people to be habitual readers of newspapers.
(B) Including any 30-second quotations from proponents of diverse views, the total amount of time devoted to a single topic on regular network television news programs averages less than one and a half minutes.
(C) The format of network television news programs does not include roundtable discussion of issues among informed proponents of diverse views.
(D) Television news reports tend to devote equal time to discussion of opposing views.
(E) People who watch the most television, measured in average number of hours of watching per week, tend not to be regular readers of newspapers.
排除法,可以得到A。但是我一直疑惑,它是如何结论的呢?
Regular看电视新闻的人 比其他人更有可能是habitual报纸读者。
文章结论说Therefore, in contrast to regular newspaper reading, regular watching of network television news programs increases the tendency to think of public issues in oversimplified terms.其实是把 regular newspaper reading的人群和regular watching of network television news programs的人群完全对立起来,看成exclusive的了。
选项A正是提出了两个人群的这种overlap的情况,所以weaken。
c为什么不对?
我之所以产生疑惑,感觉上和mindfree是一样的,因为题目并不是说爱看电视的人思维简单化,而是说,经常看电视可以让人思维简单化,所以即使经常看电视的人思维还是非常复杂完整,也并不能真正的削弱文章的结论,况且,文章中也没有说看报的人思维就一定完整复杂,只是说看报可能有这个效果,因此,并不是程度的问题,而是隔靴搔痒的问题,着眼点不同。这个解释还是不通。只不过在所有的选项中,只有这个沾边罢了。
大家继续讨论。
我觉得这个问题可以用集合来解释;
regular watching of network television news programs的人看成集合a,regular newspaper reading的人看成集合b,原文的结论是:和集合b的人比较,集合a的人增加了新闻热点简单思考的趋势。
答案A说集合a和集合b相交,有可能出现集合a属于集合b,这种情况下集合a的人会怎样,原文没有说,但是此时结论不再成立。
这些是你的个人推断,我觉得并不可靠,个人感觉从原文中我们只能得到的信息是这些人看电视新闻的人又看了报纸结果会怎样,这个结果我们无法判断,但很明显原文的结论此时遭到了置疑。
我是在分析选项的倾向性,分析选项从那个角度去削弱原文的推理,并不是从原文推理出信息。对于A,完全有可能是其他原因(不是看电视的原因)使常看电视新闻的人比其他人更可能常看报纸,但是和是看电视的原因使常看电视新闻的人比其他人更可能常看报纸的可能性相比,绝不会是各50%,后者可能性要大得多,这就是A要表达的意思。就是这种较大的可能性去削弱原文的推理。正像MINDFREE和CRANBERRY所说的一样,单纯人的重叠不会削弱原文的ARGUMENT,因为讨论的问题不同,原文的讨论的是常看电视的后果。单纯的重叠只会削弱这样的结论:常看电视新闻的人比常看报纸的人看问题简单。这个结论不同于:相对于常看报纸,常看电视新闻使人看问题简单。前者比较两种人,后者比较两个动作的效果。要削弱的方向也不同,前者可以是有些人就是两者都有(重叠),所以无法比较,从而WEAKEN。后者要从动作的效果方面去削弱,说常看电视也不一定使人看问题简单。
这段话不太明白;既然看电视新闻的人又看了报纸,那么可能性就有三种:1.是受看电视新闻的影响,看问题简单化;2.受两者影响,结果介于两者之间;3.受看报纸的影响。在这些可能存在的情况下,原文的结论还能一定成立吗?
见连接16楼关于WEAKEN的分析
http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?boardID=24&ID=65598&star=2&page=1
cranberry 发表于 2004-8-24 22:35
The format of network television news programs generally allows advocates of a point of view only 30 ...
欢迎光临 ChaseDream (https://forum.chasedream.com/) | Powered by Discuz! X3.3 |