ChaseDream

标题: 求教！关于doing做伴随状语。 [打印本页]

作者: wsyzzydy 时间: 2012-1-31 17:18
标题: 求教！关于doing做伴随状语。
doing在句子后做伴随状语时除了修饰前面句子的主语或宾语外，能不能修饰整个句子？？

作者: Suri在奋斗 时间: 2012-1-31 17:23
不能
在白勇书里，ing分词短语在句末
1）伴随动作：状态和功能，与句子的谓语动作同时发生，逻辑主语等于主句主语
2）伴随结果，整个句子是原因，到时分词动作产生，无逻辑主语

作者: teddybearj4 时间: 2012-1-31 17:46

不能
在白勇书里，ing分词短语在句末
1）伴随动作：状态和功能，与句子的谓语动作同时发生，逻辑主语等于主句主语
2）伴随结果，整个句子是原因，到时分词动作产生，无逻辑主语

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/1/31 17:23:23)

也就是V-ing只能有两种用法，一种是修饰名词的一种是作前面一句话的结果状语？

OG verbal 2nd 113
In A.D. 391. resulting from the destruction of the largest library of the ancient world at Alexandria, later generations lost all but the Iliad and Odyssey among Greek epics, most of the poetry of Pindar and Sappho, and dozens of plays by Aeschylus and Euripides.
(A)resulting from the destruction of the largest library of the ancient world at Alexandria,
(B)the destroying of the largest library of the ancient world at Alexandria resulted and
(C)because of the result of the destruction of the library at Alexandria, the largest of the ancient world,
(D)as a result of the destruction of the library at Alexandria, the largest of the ancient world,
(E)Alexandria's largest library of the ancient world was destroyed, and the result was

这题的答案是C，A错误的原因是因为resulting from不能修饰后面的一整句话吧？resulting from的逻辑主语只能是later generation是吧？然后as a result就能够使得这句话的作为后面主句的结果~不知道可不可以这么理解？

作者: 王小兔兔 时间: 2012-1-31 18:02
是的，你这种是doing放在句首做插入语，那么他的发出者只能是句子主语，如果是想做伴随状语的话，只有一种形式---SVO+逗号+doing，可这种形式还不都是伴随状语，如果doing的发出这是句子主语的话那就是了，如果doing的发出者是整个句子，那它就是结果状语，

作者: Suri在奋斗 时间: 2012-1-31 18:17
ing是非谓语，非谓语在句子中除了不能做谓语外，其他成分都可以
某位nn总结
1.doing/done,svo 注意分词的逻辑主语与s一致
2.prep/conj.+doing/done,svo 注意此时的逻辑主语与s一致
3.是s,doing/done,v分词做定语修饰主语
注意：如果出现名词，doing,名词，则会有分词前后的修饰歧义
4.svo+doing分词做定语修饰宾语
5.svo,doing
A.分词优先作状语（伴随状语，结果状语）
B。其次做定语，但没有定语从句清晰，会有修饰歧义

这道题我说不定，顶一顶，期待NN~~！！

作者: wsyzzydy 时间: 2012-1-31 19:13

ing是非谓语，非谓语在句子中除了不能做谓语外，其他成分都可以
某位nn总结
1.doing/done,svo 注意分词的逻辑主语与s一致
2.prep/conj.+doing/done,svo 注意非此的逻辑主语与s一致
3.是s,doing/done,v分词做定语修饰主语
注意：如果出现名词，doing,名词，则会有分词前后的修饰歧义
4.svo+doing分词做定语修饰宾语
5.svo,doing
A.分词优先作状语（伴随状语，结果状语）
B。其次做定语，但没有定语从句清晰，会有修饰歧义

这道题我说不定，顶一顶，期待NN~~！！

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/1/31 18:17:16)

那doing做定语从句和状语的区别就在有没有逗号是么？？

作者: teddybearj4 时间: 2012-1-31 19:38

ing是非谓语，非谓语在句子中除了不能做谓语外，其他成分都可以
某位nn总结
1.doing/done,svo 注意分词的逻辑主语与s一致
2.prep/conj.+doing/done,svo 注意非此的逻辑主语与s一致
3.是s,doing/done,v分词做定语修饰主语
注意：如果出现名词，doing,名词，则会有分词前后的修饰歧义
4.svo+doing分词做定语修饰宾语
5.svo,doing
A.分词优先作状语（伴随状语，结果状语）
B。其次做定语，但没有定语从句清晰，会有修饰歧义

这道题我说不定，顶一顶，期待NN~~！！

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/1/31 18:17:16)

suri童鞋举得第二条没太看懂，如果prep的主语不是跟主句的主语一致的话是不是应该就是独立主格的情况了？

作者: Suri在奋斗 时间: 2012-2-1 09:12

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/1/31 18:17:16)

suri童鞋举得第二条没太看懂，如果prep的主语不是跟主句的主语一致的话是不是应该就是独立主格的情况了？

-- by 会员 teddybearj4 (2012/1/31 19:38:22)

不好意思哇，我打错了。是要一致的，谢谢指出，我马上改！！

作者: Suri在奋斗 时间: 2012-2-1 09:19

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/1/31 18:17:16)

那doing做定语从句和状语的区别就在有没有逗号是么？？

-- by 会员 wsyzzydy (2012/1/31 19:13:55)

我觉得肯定不行呀，又不是限制性与非限制性的区别，而且我引用的这位nn的第三点后来我做og的时候发现有个题目正确选项就是 S，having···,V+O,所以我觉得不能绝对一概而论，具体情况具体分析~~是做定语从句还是状语从句要结合具体的句子分析其在句子中的作用
看第五条5.svo,doing
A.分词优先作状语（伴随状语，结果状语）
B。其次做定语，但没有定语从句清晰，会有修饰歧义， svo，ing 有可能 ing有修饰宾语o的歧义
所以做题不可过于绝对了

作者: Suri在奋斗 时间: 2012-2-1 09:22
Teddy童鞋。你引用的og语文分册的那道题目我也不是好懂，顶一下，望nn来解答

作者: babybearmm 时间: 2012-2-1 10:04
都是好问题啊~~~~

1.
V-ing ..., S+V+O 句首的 "v-ing...," 就是作为noun modifier，修饰临近noun，也就是subject
比如ls有位同学举的这个例子，
OG verbal 2nd 113
In A.D. 391. resulting from the destruction of the largest library of the ancient world at Alexandria, later generations lost all but the Iliad and Odyssey among Greek epics, most of the poetry of Pindar and Sappho, and dozens of plays by Aeschylus and Euripides.
就是resulting from the destruction of the largest library of the ancient world at Alexandria, 修饰接下来的主语later generations
但是，later generations are resulting from the destruction of the largest library of the ancient world at Alexandria
这句话逻辑上合理么？不合理！因此(A)选项是错的。

这个结构的正确例子： (From Manhattan p255)
Having been shown into the office, Julia waited for the dentist to arrive.

2. v-ing放在后面的情况，要看前面有没有逗号，两者截然不同

2.1 如果"v-ing ..."前面没有逗号，那么是作为noun modifier，遵从touch rule，修饰临近的noun
e.g.
Many daring vacationers who participatein guided boat tours on the Tarcoles River encounter native crocodiles lurking in the shallows, with eyes and noses peeking out from the surface of the murky water.

2.2 如果是", v-ing ..."，那么作为状语(adverbial phrase)，修饰前面整个动作，需要share逻辑主语
以下直接贴Ron的吧，讲得真好，强烈推荐，最后那个例子相当经典

the "comma + ing" modifiershould only be used when:
(A)
it MODIFIES THE ENTIRE ACTION of thepreceding clause, and it APPLIES TO THE SUBJECT of that clause;

AND

(B)
one of the following is true:
(1) the "ing" action isSIMULTANEOUS with, and SUBORDINATE to, the main action;
- i ran down the sidewalk, flapping my armswildly
(2) the "ing" action is a DIRECTAND IMMEDIATE CONSEQUENCE of the main action.
- i got a 100 on the most recent exam,bringing my average up to 91

--

since COMMA + -ING clauses are automaticallyattributed to the SUBJECT of the preceding clause, this modifies the moon.
as it clearly should, in context.

also note that it applies not only to thatsubject, but to the entire action of that clause (this is what makes it"adverbial").

two problems with that choice:

1) when you use a COMMA -ING modifier after a clause**, you should actuallysatisfy TWO requirements:
-- the modifier should modify the action of the preceding clause, as youhave stated;
AND
-- the subject of the preceding clause should also make sense as the agentof the -ING action.

examples:
Joe broke the window, angering his father. -->this sentence makes sense, because it correctly implies that joe"angered his father".
the window was broken by Joe, angering his father.--> this sentence doesn't make sense, because it implies that the window(i.e., not joe himself) angered joe's father.

my brother tricked me, disappointing Dad --> implies that dad isdisappointed in my brother for tricking me (and not necessarily disappointed inme for being tricked).
i was tricked by my brother, disappointing Dad --> implies that dadis disappointed in me because i fell for my brother's trick (and not that he'sdisappointed in my brother for tricking me).

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/1/31 18:17:16)

那doing做定语从句和状语的区别就在有没有逗号是么？？

-- by 会员 wsyzzydy (2012/1/31 19:13:55)

作者: babybearmm 时间: 2012-2-1 10:11
suri说
"svo，ing 有可能 ing有修饰宾语o的歧义"

你能"comma+ing"找到修饰宾语的例子么？

反正按Ron说的，"comma+ing"做状语，"no comma+ing"修饰前面那个名词（一般是宾语）

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/2/1 9:19:15)

作者: Suri在奋斗 时间: 2012-2-1 10:29

都是好问题啊~~~~

1.
V-ing ..., S+V+O 句首的 "v-ing...," 就是作为noun modifier，修饰临近noun，也就是subject
比如ls有位同学举的这个例子，
OG verbal 2nd 113
In A.D. 391. resulting from the destruction of the largest library of the ancient world at Alexandria,later generations lost all but the Iliad and Odyssey among Greek epics, most of the poetry of Pindar and Sappho, and dozens of plays by Aeschylus and Euripides.
就是resulting from the destruction of the largest library of the ancient world at Alexandria, 修饰接下来的主语later generations
但是，later generations areresulting from the destruction of the largest library of the ancient world at Alexandria
这句话逻辑上合理么？不合理！因此(A)选项是错的。

这个结构的正确例子： (From Manhattan p255)
Having been shown into the office, Julia waited for the dentist to arrive.

2. v-ing放在后面的情况，要看前面有没有逗号，两者截然不同

2.1 如果"v-ing ..."前面没有逗号，那么是作为noun modifier，遵从touch rule，修饰临近的noun
e.g.
Many daring vacationers who participatein guided boat tours on the Tarcoles River encounter native crocodileslurking in the shallows, with eyes and noses peeking out from the surface of the murky water.

2.2 如果是", v-ing ..."，那么作为状语(adverbial phrase)，修饰前面整个动作，需要share逻辑主语
以下直接贴Ron的吧，讲得真好，强烈推荐，最后那个例子相当经典

the "comma + ing" modifiershould only be used when:
(A)
it MODIFIES THE ENTIRE ACTION of thepreceding clause, and it APPLIES TO THE SUBJECT of that clause;

AND

(B)
one of the following is true:
(1) the "ing" action isSIMULTANEOUS with, and SUBORDINATE to, the main action;
- i ran down the sidewalk, flapping my armswildly
(2) the "ing" action is a DIRECTAND IMMEDIATE CONSEQUENCE of the main action.
- i got a 100 on the most recent exam,bringing my average up to 91

--

since COMMA + -ING clauses are automaticallyattributed to the SUBJECT of the preceding clause, this modifies the moon.
as it clearly should, in context.

also note that it applies not only to thatsubject, but to the entire action of that clause (this is what makes it"adverbial").

two problems with that choice:

1) when you use a COMMA -ING modifier after a clause**, you should actuallysatisfy TWO requirements:
-- the modifier should modify the action of the preceding clause, as youhave stated;
AND
-- the subject of the preceding clause should also make sense as the agentof the -ING action.

examples:
Joe broke the window, angering his father. -->this sentence makes sense, because it correctly implies that joe"angered his father".
the window was broken by Joe, angering his father.--> this sentence doesn't make sense, because it implies that the window(i.e., not joe himself) angered joe's father.

my brother tricked me, disappointing Dad --> implies that dad isdisappointed in my brother for tricking me (and not necessarily disappointed inme for being tricked).
i was tricked by my brother, disappointing Dad --> implies that dadis disappointed in me because i fell for my brother's trick (and not that he'sdisappointed in my brother for tricking me).

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/1/31 18:17:16)

那doing做定语从句和状语的区别就在有没有逗号是么？？

-- by 会员 wsyzzydy (2012/1/31 19:13:55)

-- by 会员 babybearmm (2012/2/1 10:04:48)

意思是说 comma+ving不管是伴随状语还是结果状语都必须其逻辑主语和主句主语一致么

我看的一个帖子说白勇里面说结果状语的时候哇，木有逻辑主语,整个句子是原因
姐姐你看og47

Five fledgling sea eagles left their nests in western Scotland this summer, bringing to 34 the number of wild birds successfully raised transplants from Norway began in 1975.
A bringing
B and brings
C and it brings
D and it brought
E and brought
这里bringing这个动作eagles发不出，而是说整句五只雏燕的离开是使数量变成34

再看prep一道
The number of people flying first class on domestic flights rose sharply in 1990, doubling the increase of the previous year.
A. doubling the increase of
B. doubling that of the increase in
C. double as much as the increase of
D. twice as many as the increase in
E. twice as many as the increase of

选A，这道题目的意思是说增长是去年增长的两倍是增长之间的比较不是说人数之间的比较
而假如doubling的主语是the number of people
句子可以还原成 the number of people double the increase of the previous那么将人和增长比较，逻辑是不通的把
ING FOLLOWED BY A COMMA modifies the entire action of the preceding clause，如果看主语是话是否看具体情况，就如一个nns说的引用白勇的是说
在白勇书里，ing分词短语在句末
1）伴随动作：状态和功能，与句子的谓语动作同时发生，逻辑主语等于主句主语
2）伴随结果，整个句子是原因，到时分词动作产生，无逻辑主语
写到这里·······
我又觉得突然
现在举得这个例子是属于伴随动作是第一种，是逻辑主语等于主句主语，我错了

那上一道老鹰的题目，是个结果状语把，是整件句子是原因，无逻辑主语

作者: teddybearj4 时间: 2012-2-1 10:40
[/quote]意思是说 comma+ving不管是伴随状语还是结果状语都必须其逻辑主语和主句主语一致么

我看的一个帖子说白勇里面说结果状语的时候哇，木有逻辑主语,整个句子是原因
姐姐你看og47

Five fledgling sea eagles left their nests in western Scotland this summer, bringing to 34 the number of wild birds successfully raised transplants from Norway began in 1975.
A bringing
B and brings
C and it brings
D and it brought
E and brought
这里bringing这个动作eagles发不出，而是说整句五只雏燕的离开是使数量变成34

再看prep一道
The number of people flying first class on domestic flights rose sharply in 1990, doubling the increase of the previous year.
A. doubling the increase of
B. doubling that of the increase in
C. double as much as the increase of
D. twice as many as the increase in
E. twice as many as the increase of

选A，这道题目的意思是说增长是去年增长的两倍是增长之间的比较不是说人数之间的比较
而假如doubling的主语是the number of people
句子可以还原成 the number of people double the increase of the previous那么将人和增长比较，逻辑是不通的把
ING FOLLOWED BY A COMMA modifies the entire action of the preceding clause，如果看主语是话是否看具体情况，就如一个nns说的引用白勇的是说
在白勇书里，ing分词短语在句末
1）伴随动作：状态和功能，与句子的谓语动作同时发生，逻辑主语等于主句主语
2）伴随结果，整个句子是原因，到时分词动作产生，无逻辑主语
写到这里·······
我又觉得突然
现在举得这个例子是属于伴随动作是第一种，是逻辑主语等于主句主语，我错了

那上一道老鹰的题目，是个结果状语把，是整件句子是原因，无逻辑主语

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/2/1 10:29:56)

[/quote]

同问呀！comma+ving不管是伴随状语还是结果状语都必须其逻辑主语和主句主语一致么?
刚准备回帖就发现suri已经问了！顶呀！

作者: babybearmm 时间: 2012-2-1 14:01
surri和teddy问的好问题啊！我试着说我的看法，欢迎探讨~~~请原谅，我从没正经用中文学过英语语法，更没看过BY了....所以我翻译的Ron的话可能翻错（我先前说的是~~share主句主语~~，不严密，sorry）.....还是直接引英文原话好了：

the "comma+ing" modifier
MODIFIES THE ENTIRE ACTION of the preceding clause, and it APPLIES TO THE SUBJECT of that clause

我想请大家理解下这两个动词，为什么用"modifies the entire action" "applies to the subject"
而不是反过来。

首先说，这个"comma+ing" modifier 属于"adverbial modifier"（状语），就是修饰整个动作(entire action)

"applies to the subject"怎么理解？applies不等于modifies。
同学们提到用", v-ing"有两种情况：
(1) the "ing" action is SIMULTANEOUS with, and SUBORDINATE to, the main action;
- i ran down the sidewalk, flapping my arms wildly
这个就是大家说的“表伴随”，这里 ", flapping my arms wildly" 修饰前面整个动作，同时这个动作也是主语发出的，所以"applies to the subject".

(2) the "ing" action is a DIRECT AND IMMEDIATE CONSEQUENCE of the main action.
- i got a 100 on the most recent exam, bringing my average up to 91
这个是大家说的“表结果”，Ron特意强调"direct and immediate consequence"。
我想这就是大家的困惑，大家认为是 the entire action (i got a 100 recently) brings my average up to 91.
我觉得这样理解没错。
Again，回到那个"modifies" "applies"
"，bringing my average up to 91"这个描述的是the entire action，所以是"modifies the entire action"
这里有两个动作，第一个动作是got a 100 on the most recent exam，第二个动作是由第一个动作直接产生的bringing my average up to 91。我们这么理解：
主语发出了第一个动作，由此产生了第二个动作
所以，第二个动作是由主语间接发出的, 也就是说"applies to the subject"

对于suri dd举的两个例子，我觉得，从这个"applies to the subject"的角度，可以理解了吧？

另外我想更正下，我之前说“修饰主句动作”“share主句主语”都不严密，我说的“主句”应该改成"preceding clause"，而"preceding clause"并不一定是主句。
在简单的例子里，preceding clause=主句
但如果句式复杂点，比如主句套从句甚至再套一层从句，然后"comma + v-ing"，这种情况下咱要注意它是修饰"preceding clause"的。

作者: babybearmm 时间: 2012-2-1 14:13
我觉得你的分析没错，白勇书上认为“结果状语的时候哇，木有逻辑主语,整个句子是原因”也不能算错，其实咱从逻辑上理解清楚这个", v-ing"什么时候适合用、什么时候不能用，就好了。至于怎么个理解法，按你自己能理解的思路去理解

反正我现在就理解为"modifies the entire action" and "applies to the subject"（至于什么叫做applies，直接的、间接的，都算applies）

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/2/1 10:29:56)

作者: Suri在奋斗 时间: 2012-2-1 14:14

surri和teddy问的好问题啊！我试着说我的看法，欢迎探讨~~~请原谅，我从没正经用中文学过英语语法，更没看过BY了....所以我翻译的Ron的话可能翻错（我先前说的是~~share主句主语~~，不严密，sorry）.....还是直接引英文原话好了：

the "comma+ing" modifier
MODIFIES THE ENTIRE ACTION of the preceding clause, and it APPLIES TO THE SUBJECT of that clause

我想请大家理解下这两个动词，为什么用"modifies the entire action" "applies to the subject"
而不是反过来。

首先说，这个"comma+ing" modifier 属于"adverbial modifier"。我们知道adverb是副词，修饰动词，那"adverbial modifier"这就是说他相当于一个"作修饰成分的副词短语”（汗..不知道中文怎么说）. 既然副词修饰动词，那么adverbial modifier就是修饰整个动作(entire action)

"applies to the subject"怎么理解？applies不等于modifies。
同学们提到用", v-ing"有两种情况：
(1) the "ing" action is SIMULTANEOUS with, and SUBORDINATE to, the main action;
- i ran down the sidewalk, flapping my arms wildly
这个就是大家说的“表伴随”，这里 ", flapping my arms wildly" 修饰前面整个动作，同时这个动作也是主语发出的，所以"applies to the subject".

(2) the "ing" action is a DIRECT AND IMMEDIATE CONSEQUENCE of the main action.
- i got a 100 on the most recent exam, bringing my average up to 91
这个是大家说的“表结果”，Ron特意强调"direct and immediateconsequence"。
我想这就是大家的困惑，大家认为是 the entire action (i got a 100 recently) brings my average up to 91.
我觉得这样理解没错。
Again，回到那个"modifies" "applies"
"，bringing my average up to 91"这个描述的是the entire action，所以是"modifies the entire action"
这里有两个动作，第一个动作是got a 100 on the most recent exam，第二个动作是由第一个动作直接产生的bringing my average up to 91。我们这么理解：
主语发出了第一个动作，由此产生了第二个动作
所以，第二个动作是由主语间接发出的, 也就是说"applies to the subject"

对于suri dd举的两个例子，我觉得，从这个"applies to the subject"的角度，可以理解了吧？

另外我想更正下，我之前说“修饰主句动作”“share主句主语”都不严密，我说的“主句”应该改成"preceding clause"，而"preceding clause"并不一定是主句。
在简单的例子里，preceding clause=主句
但如果句式复杂点，比如主句套从句甚至再套一层从句，然后"comma + v-ing"，这种情况下咱要注意它是修饰"preceding clause"的。

-- by 会员 babybearmm (2012/2/1 14:01:25)

applies to恩恩，懂啦

作者: teddybearj4 时间: 2012-2-1 17:22

反正我现在就理解为"modifies the entire action" and "applies to the subject"（至于什么叫做applies，直接的、间接的，都算applies）

-- by 会员 babybearmm (2012/2/1 14:13:48)

这句话真心说得好啊！高度浓缩的精华啊！baby姐姐的回答让这个帖好有含金量！
谢谢大家的庖丁解牛，学到了!

作者: wsyzzydy 时间: 2012-2-2 15:29
看大家前面的帖子不知不觉看了快一个小时，学到了哈！谢谢各位

作者: Suri在奋斗 时间: 2012-2-3 11:39

suri说
"svo，ing 有可能 ing有修饰宾语o的歧义"

你能"comma+ing"找到修饰宾语的例子么？

反正按Ron说的，"comma+ing"做状语，"no comma+ing"修饰前面那个名词（一般是宾语）

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/2/1 9:19:15)

-- by 会员 babybearmm (2012/2/1 10:11:54)

今天找到啦，好兴奋，og12 65

In a plan to stop the erosion of East Coast beaches, the Army Corps of Engineers proposed building parallel to shore a breakwater of rocks that would rise six feet above the waterline and act as a buffer, so that it absorbs the energy of crashing waves and protecting the beaches.

(A) act as a buffer, so that it absorbs

(B) act like a buffer so as to absorb

(C) act as a buffer, absorbing

(D) acting as a buffer, absorbing

(E) acting like a buffer, absorb
正确答案中c，absorbing就是修饰buffer
SVO，doing
A.分词优先作状语（伴随状语，结果状语）
B.其次作定语，但没有定语从句清晰，会有修饰歧义
所以在这里，是做了定语

如果还有一个选项是用的定语从句的话，那么那个选项更好啦~~

作者: ptlove4ever 时间: 2012-2-3 11:49
OG的那道题目可以这样解释，doing引导的状语或者表伴随，或者表结果。
可是result from后面加的是什么？是原因，不是结果。
所以，怎么能用结果状语写原因呢？
同理，as a result of后面加的也是原因，原因自然也不能作为主句的结果。

作者: Suri在奋斗 时间: 2012-2-3 11:52

OG的那道题目可以这样解释，doing引导的状语或者表伴随，或者表结果。
可是result from后面加的是什么？是原因，不是结果。
所以，怎么能用结果状语写原因呢？
同理，as a result of后面加的也是原因，原因自然也不能作为主句的结果。

-- by 会员 ptlove4ever (2012/2/3 11:49:35)

谢谢哇~~

作者: Suri在奋斗 时间: 2012-2-3 11:54

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/2/1 9:19:15)

-- by 会员 babybearmm (2012/2/1 10:11:54)

今天找到啦，好兴奋，og12 65

In a plan to stop the erosion of East Coast beaches, the Army Corps of Engineers proposed building parallel to shore that would rise six feet above the waterline and act as a buffer, so that it absorbs the energy of crashing waves and protecting the beaches.

(A) act as a buffer, so that it absorbs

(B) act like a buffer so as to absorb

(C) act as a buffer, absorbing

(D) acting as a buffer, absorbing

(E) acting like a buffer, absorb
正确答案C
SVO，doing
A.分词优先作状语（伴随状语，结果状语）
B.其次作定语，但没有定语从句清晰，会有修饰歧义
所以在这里，是做了定语

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/2/3 11:39:29)

但这个题目og解释修饰是主句的宾语是a breakwater of rocks ，这点还是有点匪夷所思~~有位NN这样说的

In a plan to stop the erosion of EastCoastbeaches,the Army Corps of Engineers proposed building parallel to shore a breakwater of rocksthat would rise six feet above the waterline and act as a buffer, absorbing the energy of crashing waves and protecting the beaches.

现在分词做伴随可以修饰主语也可以修饰宾语（我还是有点不同意这点，坚持以前那个nn的观点，SVO，Ving是第二个作用作定语），具体修饰什么主要是通过逻辑意思来。
这里说的是army corps要建造一个（在吃水线6feet以上的）石头做的防波堤，这个防波堤的作用是作为缓冲, <接下来说如何act as a buffer..>吸收能量和保护海滩
如OG所说，"the breakwater... acts as a buffer. two grammatically parallel phrases, absorbing... and protecting, in order to show two equal functions"。

所以我的理解是这边的现在分词做伴随是为了进一步解释作为缓冲的作用..那么也就是说breakwater of rocks是他们的主语。而不可能时Army Corps of Engineers

这个题目也很争议啊~~~

作者: ptlove4ever 时间: 2012-2-3 11:57
“但这个题目og解释修饰是主句的宾语是a breakwater of rocks ，这点还是有点匪夷所思~~有位NN这样说的

In a plan to stop the erosion of EastCoastbeaches,the Army Corps of Engineers proposed building parallel to shore a breakwater of rocksthat would rise six feet above the waterline and act as a buffer, absorbing the energy of crashing waves and protecting the beaches.

现在分词做伴随可以修饰主语也可以修饰宾语，具体修饰什么主要是通过逻辑意思来。
这里说的是army corps要建造一个（在吃水线6feet以上的）石头做的防波堤，这个防波堤的作用是作为缓冲, <接下来说如何act as a buffer..>吸收能量和保护海滩
如OG所说，"the breakwater... acts as a buffer. two grammatically parallel phrases, absorbing... and protecting, in order to show two equal functions"。

所以我的理解是这边的现在分词做伴随是为了进一步解释作为缓冲的作用..那么也就是说breakwater of rocks是他们的主语。而不可能时Army Corps of Engineers

这个题目也很争议啊~~~ ”
这段说的很对，这里用来修饰的确实是breakwater of rocks

作者: Suri在奋斗 时间: 2012-2-3 12:00

“但这个题目og解释修饰是主句的宾语是a breakwater of rocks ，这点还是有点匪夷所思~~有位NN这样说的

In a plan to stop the erosion of EastCoastbeaches,the Army Corps of Engineers proposed building parallel to shore a breakwater of rocksthat would rise six feet above the waterline and act as a buffer, absorbing the energy of crashing waves and protecting the beaches.

现在分词做伴随可以修饰主语也可以修饰宾语，具体修饰什么主要是通过逻辑意思来。
这里说的是army corps要建造一个（在吃水线6feet以上的）石头做的防波堤，这个防波堤的作用是作为缓冲, <接下来说如何act as a buffer..>吸收能量和保护海滩
如OG所说，"the breakwater... acts as a buffer. two grammatically parallel phrases, absorbing... and protecting, in order to show two equal functions"。

所以我的理解是这边的现在分词做伴随是为了进一步解释作为缓冲的作用..那么也就是说breakwater of rocks是他们的主语。而不可能时Army Corps of Engineers

这个题目也很争议啊~~~ ”
这段说的很对，这里用来修饰的确实是breakwater of rocks

-- by 会员 ptlove4ever (2012/2/3 11:57:39)

是啊，刚开始我以为是修饰了buffer~~

作者: ptlove4ever 时间: 2012-2-3 12:11

-- by 会员 ptlove4ever (2012/2/3 11:57:39)

是啊，刚开始我以为是修饰了buffer~~

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/2/3 12:00:32)

我跟你一样一样的，因为通常都是修饰离"，"最近的那个词！

作者: Suri在奋斗 时间: 2012-2-3 12:25

-- by 会员 ptlove4ever (2012/2/3 11:57:39)

是啊，刚开始我以为是修饰了buffer~~

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/2/3 12:00:32)

我跟你一样一样的，因为通常都是修饰离"，"最近的那个词！

-- by 会员 ptlove4ever (2012/2/3 12:11:44)

我想应该也有svo,ving修饰o的例子，这个题目看似简单，可挖的东西其实很多呢~~~

作者: ptlove4ever 时间: 2012-2-3 13:11
回复楼上，根据og解析，这道题目还有一个考点，就是act as和act like的区别。
似乎act as常用来修饰物，表示功能，而act like常用来修饰人，表示行为举止具有怎样的特点，犹如……
但是OG中95题，是用act like修饰物，The peaks of a mountain range, acting like rocks in a streambed...
我最后的总结是，act as和act like都可以用来修饰物，但act as后面所接的是这个物确实具有的属性，而act lik后面接的是这个物并不确实具有但十分相似的属性。

作者: babybearmm 时间: 2012-2-3 13:14
我觉得，这道题和咱的结论一点都不矛盾：
"comma+V-ing" modifies the entire action of the preceding clause and applies to the subject within that clause.

首先，不能理解为修饰buffer。buffer在物理学里是减震器，生化里面是缓冲液，不管怎么说，都不可能用"absorbing the energy of crashing waves ..."来描述"buffer"。这题是说：

A that would do xxx and act as a buffer, absorbing .....

A=a breakwater of rocks
所以说", absorbing ...."是修饰整个这部分"A that would do xxx and act as a buffer"

有同学注意到，这一部分是充当全句的宾语，所以就有疑问：为什么absorbing .....会修饰这个宾语"a breakwater of rocks" (A)?
这就回到了我前面粗体强调的：
modifies the entire action of the preceding clause
注意：这里是preceding clause，而不是说主句——甭管这个句子多么复杂，只管前面那个从句。这句话里面，preceding clause就是指that引导的从句："A that would do xxx and act as a buffer"

是啊，刚开始我以为是修饰了buffer~~

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/2/3 12:00:32)

[/quote]
我跟你一样一样的，因为通常都是修饰离"，"最近的那个词！

-- by 会员 ptlove4ever (2012/2/3 12:11:44)

[/quote]我想应该也有svo,ving修饰o的例子，这个题目看似简单，可挖的东西其实很多呢~~~

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/2/3 12:25:15)

[/quote]

作者: babybearmm 时间: 2012-2-3 13:16
千万别理解为"comma+v-ing"修饰前面的宾语....
Ron多次强调这个概念：
"no comma+v-ing"是noun modifier, 遵从touch rule
"comma+v-ing" 是adverbial modifier, modifies the entire action of the preceding clause and applies to the subject within that clause.

作者: Suri在奋斗 时间: 2012-2-3 14:01

千万别理解为"comma+v-ing"修饰前面的宾语....
Ron多次强调这个概念：
"no comma+v-ing"是noun modifier, 遵从touch rule
"comma+v-ing" 是adverbial modifier, modifies the entire action of the preceding clause and applies to the subject within that clause.

-- by 会员 babybearmm (2012/2/3 13:16:35)

恩恩，但是在那道题中最终的修饰语是a breakwater of rocks任然不是主语the army corps
从而我觉得题目还是根据逻辑意思，不要认为什么是绝对的，具体情况具体分析的思维永远把喔好

就如ptlove4ever 说的，在那道题 og明确说act like describes the action of a person ，可是她说的95就描述的是moutain呢
所以多培养感觉~~！！

作者: Suri在奋斗 时间: 2012-2-3 14:02

回复楼上，根据og解析，这道题目还有一个考点，就是act as和act like的区别。
似乎act as常用来修饰物，表示功能，而act like常用来修饰人，表示行为举止具有怎样的特点，犹如……
但是OG中95题，是用act like修饰物，The peaks of a mountain range, acting like rocks in a streambed...
我最后的总结是，act as和act like都可以用来修饰物，但act as后面所接的是这个物确实具有的属性，而act lik后面接的是这个物并不确实具有但十分相似的属性。

-- by 会员 ptlove4ever (2012/2/3 13:11:38)

作者: babybearmm 时间: 2012-2-3 14:43
"恩恩，但是在那道题中最终的修饰语是a breakwater of rocks任然不是主语the army corps
从而我觉得题目还是根据逻辑意思，不要认为什么是绝对的，具体情况具体分析的思维永远把喔好"

我强调preceding clause，在这个preceding clause里面，主语是"a breakwater of rocks"
你说的"the army corps"是主句主语，咱不考虑主句。
"comma+v-ing" modifies the entire action of the preceding clause.

比如说（抱歉，想不起更好的例子，随便拿我专业的吧，尽量通俗说, geldanamycin是种抗癌药物，不用管它）

Biochemists found that geldanamycin induces cellular stress, leading to cell death.

这句话，"leading to cell death" is the direct and immediate consequence of the entire action of the preceding clause "geldanamycin induces cellular stress", and it applies to the subject within that clause (geldanamycin).

就说preceding clause是前面那个that从句，你不能理解为"leading to cell death"的主语是biochemists, No!

-- by 会员 babybearmm (2012/2/3 13:16:35)

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/2/3 14:01:34)

作者: babybearmm 时间: 2012-2-3 14:59
Biochemists found that geldanamycin induces cellular stress, leading to cell death.

继续接着这个例子说，假如我想表达：生化学家发现geldanamycin能够引起细胞压力，这个发现促进了抗癌药物的研发。那么以下句子是incorrect的：
Biochemists found that geldanamycin induces cellular stress, promoting the development of anti-cancer drugs.
为什么错？因为根据默认语法规则，"comma+v-ing"必须修饰前面那个从句，也就是that之后的从句geldanamycin induces cellular stress,而这显然不合逻辑意思
——我们的逻辑意思是，生物学家的这个发现"promoting..."，而非发现的现象本身"promoting..."

要表达我的意思，就不能用"comma+v-ing"。可以这么说：
Biochemists found that geldanamycin induces cellular stress, a finding promoting the development of anti-cancer drugs.
这样，我就把前面主句（粉色部分）用抽象词"a finding"来概括。

"恩恩，但是在那道题中最终的修饰语是a breakwater of rocks任然不是主语the army corps
从而我觉得题目还是根据逻辑意思，不要认为什么是绝对的，具体情况具体分析的思维永远把喔好"

我强调preceding clause，在这个preceding clause里面，主语是"a breakwater of rocks"
你说的"the army corps"是主句主语，咱不考虑主句。
"comma+v-ing" modifies the entire action of the preceding clause.

比如说（抱歉，想不起更好的例子，随便拿我专业的吧，尽量通俗说, geldanamycin是种抗癌药物，不用管它）

Biochemists found that geldanamycin induces cellular stress, leading to cell death.

这句话，"leading to cell death" is the direct and immediate consequence of the entire action of the preceding clause "geldanamycin induces cellular stress", and it applies to the subject within that clause (geldanamycin).

就说preceding clause是前面那个that从句，你不能理解为"leading to cell death"的主语是biochemists, No!

-- by 会员 babybearmm (2012/2/3 13:16:35)

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/2/3 14:01:34)

-- by 会员 babybearmm (2012/2/3 14:43:07)

作者: babybearmm 时间: 2012-2-3 15:10
Manhattan p.142，明确说了OG对act like解释错误！

Note: #65 in The Official Guide, 12th Edition tests this idiom. The explanation
claims that ACT LIKE must be used only with people. This claim is
not true. In fact, #95 in the 12th Edition contains peaks that ACT LIKE
rocksin the non-underlined section. The way to resolve this issue is to ask
whether the author intends metaphorical comparison (= LIKE) or .!l&Illi!l
function (= AS). If "actual function" is possible, use AS.

其实就严格遵照词典或者manhattan的解释就好。
与什么是人是物一点关系都没有。

The baby lion acted like a puppy.
这里就该是act like，不能因为lion不是人而改成act as.

-- by 会员 ptlove4ever (2012/2/3 13:11:38)

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/2/3 14:02:18)

作者: Suri在奋斗 时间: 2012-2-3 15:49
我看到一位nn的原话
查了一下薄冰的语法，发现其中有一个分词/短语做非限定性定语的例子：He was a great realist, writing ordinary men and women in their misfortunes. 与我们OG10-39/OG11-104的句子结构几乎一样，。

这样你的分析就可以帮我们理解四种常见情况了，现引用如下，请确认/指正：

songlovegt：可以看出be动词和一般动词其后接现在分词确实有区别。

(1) 主句（其中一般动词谓语) + doing 分词，现在分词可能做定语修饰其紧跟名词，也可能做状语修饰主句，此时须考虑现在分词修饰逻辑问题。（无逗号）

(2) 主句（其中是be动词谓语) + doing 分词，现在分词只能做定语修饰其紧跟名词。（无逗号）

(3) 主句（其中一般动词谓语), + doing 分词做状语。（有逗号）

(4) 主句（其中是be动词谓语) ，+ doing 分词，分词做非限定性定语。（有逗号）

其中第一种情况最为复杂，希望能找到合适的例子多多体会

作者: Suri在奋斗 时间: 2012-2-3 15:51
http://forum.chasedream.com/GMAT_SC/thread-326156-5-1.html这个帖子谈论现在分词

作者: Suri在奋斗 时间: 2012-2-3 15:52

Manhattan p.142，明确说了OG对act like解释错误！

Note: #65 in The Official Guide, 12th Edition tests this idiom. The explanation
claims that ACT LIKE must be used only with people. This claim is
not true. In fact, #95 in the 12th Edition contains peaks that ACT LIKE
rocksin the non-underlined section. The way to resolve this issue is to ask
whether the author intends metaphorical comparison (= LIKE) or .!l&Illi!l
function (= AS). If "actual function" is possible, use AS.

其实就严格遵照词典或者manhattan的解释就好。
与什么是人是物一点关系都没有。

The baby lion acted like a puppy.
这里就该是act like，不能因为lion不是人而改成act as.

-- by 会员 ptlove4ever (2012/2/3 13:11:38)

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/2/3 14:02:18)

-- by 会员 babybearmm (2012/2/3 15:10:10)

确实是错的，谢谢~~~~

作者: Suri在奋斗 时间: 2012-2-3 15:53
Biochemists found that geldanamycin induces cellular stress, leading to cell death.

继续接着这个例子说，假如我想表达：生化学家发现geldanamycin能够引起细胞压力，这个发现促进了抗癌药物的研发。那么以下句子是incorrect的：
Biochemists found that geldanamycin induces cellular stress, promoting the development of anti-cancer drugs.
为什么错？因为根据默认语法规则，"comma+v-ing"必须修饰前面那个从句，也就是that之后的从句geldanamycin induces cellular stress,而这显然不合逻辑意思
——我们的逻辑意思是，生物学家的这个发现"promoting..."，而非发现的现象本身"promoting..."

要表达我的意思，就不能用"comma+v-ing"。可以这么说：
Biochemists found that geldanamycin induces cellular stress, a finding promoting the development of anti-cancer drugs.
这样，我就把前面主句（粉色部分）用抽象词"a finding"来概括。

恩恩~~~这个懂啦

作者: 199249712 时间: 2012-3-6 16:35
再次拜读。。baby姐太厉害了。。

作者: phoebe0624 时间: 2012-4-3 19:58
太好的贴!

作者: clover928 时间: 2012-5-15 19:41

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/2/1 9:19:15)

-- by 会员 babybearmm (2012/2/1 10:11:54)

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/2/3 11:54:31)

suri,分词位置我是这样想的，GMAC喜欢把ving modifier放在句首，这个一般是修饰主语。反过来，放在后面，感觉上都是伴随这个句子的哇。

作者: abc88 时间: 2012-5-27 01:20
proposed building (parallel to shore) a breakwater of rocks
building (parallel to shore) a breakwater of rocks 是从句中的主语，还是说，a breakwater of rocks 是从句中的主语。
还是说 building 所有的成分只是做了 proposed 的宾语？

那么所谓的 absorbing the energy of crashing and protecing the beaches 作为 rise ... and act as .... 动作的结果状语就解释不通了？

作者: abc88 时间: 2012-6-11 16:35
up

作者: abc88 时间: 2012-6-11 16:46
the Army Corps of Engineers proposed building a breakwater of rocks (that...rise.... and act as....), absorbing .....
如果把 rocks 后面的 that 定语从句省略不看，很清楚那么 absorbing 就是修饰了 breakwater of rocks.

作者: babybearmm 时间: 2012-6-12 02:30
teddy mm，我今天看到一道题就是以这道official problem为原型的。在e-gmat.com，注册之后做Sentence Correction Diagnostic Test, 这道题是第1题。
解答也可以在这里看：
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WbhXTOfly1E&feature=relmfu

If you have a v-ing modifier at the beginning of the sentence, it is typically associated with the subject. Even in the case that it modifies the whole sentence, it should still make sense with the subject.

Stacey's example: Slipping on the ice, I fell and broke my ankle. (Ouch!)
Here "Slipping on the ice," carries the following two meanings:
(1) I slipped on the ice.
(2) Because I slipped on the ice, I fell and broke my ankle.
You see? Although you can construe this "Slipping on the ice," as an adverbial modifier to express the causation, as shown in (2), you still need to make sure that the s-v pair "I"-"slipping on the ice" makes sense.

In your question, the problem is:
The s-v pair "later generation"-"resulting from" does NOT make sense!
You cannot say "later generation" is resulting from sth. This is illogical.

The correct choice is (D), which uses "as a result" to clarify the logical relationship. Also note that "as a result, " is an adverbial modifier - exactly what we want!

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/1/31 17:23:23)

-- by 会员 teddybearj4 (2012/1/31 17:46:54)

作者: teddybearj4 时间: 2012-6-12 09:56
谢谢姐姐好有心！看到相似题目还想着回帖子告诉我~~熊抱baby姐~~

看了这道题啦，确实好像，就是出的这个考点！
原句：Resulting from the Obama's medical reform, people don't have to pay XXX fee, XXXfee, and XXX fee.(illogical, resulting from作noun modier修饰people)
正确：as a result of the passage..., people...(这样就可以做后面整个句子的adv modifer了)

谢谢姐姐，这次彻底懂了！

teddy mm，我今天看到一道题就是以这道official problem为原型的。在e-gmat.com，注册之后做Sentence Correction Diagnostic Test, 这道题是第1题。
解答也可以在这里看：
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WbhXTOfly1E&feature=relmfu

If you have a v-ing modifier at the beginning of the sentence, it is typically associated with the subject. Even in the case that it modifies the whole sentence, it should still make sense with the subject.

Stacey's example: Slipping on the ice, I fell and broke my ankle. (Ouch!)
Here "Slipping on the ice," carries the following two meanings:
(1) I slipped on the ice.
(2) Because I slipped on the ice, I fell and broke my ankle.
You see? Although you can construe this "Slipping on the ice," as an adverbial modifier to express the causation, as shown in (2), you still need to make sure that the s-v pair "I"-"slipping on the ice" makes sense.

In your question, the problem is:
The s-v pair "later generation"-"resulting from" does NOT make sense!
You cannot say "later generation" is resulting from sth. This is illogical.

The correct choice is (D), which uses "as a result" to clarify the logical relationship. Also note that "as a result, " is an adverbial modifier - exactly what we want!

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/1/31 17:23:23)

-- by 会员 teddybearj4 (2012/1/31 17:46:54)

-- by 会员 babybearmm (2012/6/12 2:30:16)

作者: jetyxo 时间: 2012-6-14 21:26
大爱baby姐，又一次深刻理解了v-ing的用法，呼呼，每次看姐姐的帖子都好有收获~~~

作者: abc88 时间: 2012-7-19 01:12

作者: susan55z 时间: 2012-7-21 17:25
长见识啦！谢谢大家啊！

作者: susan55z 时间: 2012-7-21 17:34
标题: OG13里，的“comma+doing”题目
OG13 我只做到了SC前97道，发现关于“，doing” 的题目有
25 29 35 60 66 67 97
我再看了遍，很有收获，大家也可以再体验下~~

作者: klllun 时间: 2012-7-21 20:57

OG13 我只做到了SC前97道，发现关于“，doing” 的题目有
25 29 35 60 66 67 97
我再看了遍，很有收获，大家也可以再体验下~~

-- by 会员 susan55z (2012/7/21 17:34:03)

看了大家的讨论收获好大啊，颠覆了以前乱七八糟的理解，还要谢谢susan 偶也来整理看看~

作者: cimai 时间: 2012-9-13 05:45
这到题真的是快杀了我，花在这个上面整整一个下午了，感觉把自己以前对Ving的认识都推翻了，看了ron的解释还是没有懂，看了baby姐的全部清楚了！！豁然开朗，好happy！

作者: love凤巢 时间: 2013-4-16 20:55

babybearmm 发表于 2012-2-3 13:14
我觉得，这道题和咱的结论一点都不矛盾："comma+V-ing" modifies the entire action of the preceding clau ...

baby姐你好，我想问一下既然“comma+V-ing”修饰的是entire action of the preceding clause，那么这里修饰的应该是 doxxx and act as a buffer 这两个动作。表示一种结果吧。

作者: FTKJ 时间: 2013-7-3 13:25
规矩是死的，人是活的。GMAV老头们要什么都被你们搞懂了，木有钱吃饭鸟。
木哈哈，果断膜拜Baby姐姐

作者: SherlockedJohn 时间: 2013-11-19 13:22

cimai 发表于 2012-9-13 05:45
这到题真的是快杀了我，花在这个上面整整一个下午了，感觉把自己以前对Ving的认识都推翻了，看了ron的解释 ...

是啊是啊！！！Ving的用法还真是多种多样，每多看几道新题就会推翻以前对V-ing的总结！而且大部分NN对Ving的总结也不全面，甚至PREP笔记也不全面，所以搞到现在都没什么系统化的定论，于是看到那些特殊的V-ing修饰题就特头疼！！！BABY姐真是神.............

作者: 午夜精灵Ying 时间: 2013-11-27 23:58

teddybearj4 发表于 2012-2-1 10:40

意思是说  comma+ving不管是伴随状语还是结果状语都必须其逻辑主语和主句主语一致么我看的一 ...[/quote]

同问，同问

作者: 午夜精灵Ying 时间: 2013-11-28 00:02

babybearmm 发表于 2012-2-1 14:01
surri和teddy问的好问题啊！我试着说我的看法，欢迎探讨~~~请原谅，我从没正经用中文学过英语语法，更没看 ...

Baby 姐姐讲的太精辟了

作者: 反调戏 时间: 2014-7-29 20:52
markmarkmarkmark

作者: summerkiss7 时间: 2014-9-20 00:09
今天做og 66, 辗转找到此帖，真实醍醐灌顶啊！谢谢各位了！

作者: autumn921104 时间: 2014-10-22 12:10
好帖~多谢各位解答~

作者: autumn921104 时间: 2014-10-23 22:40
好帖子啊~谢谢各位解答！

作者: PhoenixPenn 时间: 2014-10-24 11:12
加上之前的笔记，把ing摸的清清楚楚~

作者: 409185838a 时间: 2014-12-17 09:45
大爱baby姐姐！！！！杀G成功也要做像baby姐姐一样的好心人！！！！给大家做解答！！！团结就是力量！！！！！

作者: Ultraliu 时间: 2015-7-17 15:52

teddybearj4 发表于 2012-1-31 17:46
不能在白勇书里，ing分词短语在句末1）伴随动作：状态和功能，与句子的谓语动作同时发生，逻辑主语等于 ...

@teddybearj4,
这题的答案不应该是D么？怎么是C的，because of 和result of 有问题的

作者: 克瑞斯 时间: 2015-8-26 00:26
这帖子好久了，不知道各位大仙是否还会关注，帖子从头至尾详细的看了，清晰了一些，但还有些困惑，求解答：

OG15 29

Emily Dickinson’s letters to Susan Huntington Dickinson were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ending shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, outnumbering her letters to anyone else.

A. Dickinson were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ending shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, outnumbering

B. Dickinson were written over a period that begins a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ended shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, outnumber

C. Dickinson, written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and that ends shortly before Emily’s death in 1886 and outnumbering

D. Dickinson, which were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother, ending shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, and outnumbering

GMAC解释A说到俩点，其一说 it is unclear what outnumbering refers to, 按之前的说法，ournumbering逻辑主语不应该是Dickinson？

另外，OG25

Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth of knowledge over the past twenty years about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood, are now drawing solid conclusions about how the human brain grows and how babies acquire language.
(A) Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth of knowledge over the past twenty years about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood, are
(B) Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth of knowledge about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood over the past twenty years, and are
(C) Neuroscientists amassing a wealth of knowledge about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood over the past twenty years, and are
(D) Neuroscientists have amassed a wealth of knowledge over the past twenty years about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood,
(E) Neuroscientists have amassed, over the past twenty years, a wealth of knowledge about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood
GMAC 解释D 除说到时态以外，还提到drawing seems to modify adulthood.

这两题GMAC的解释把我原本觉得明白的又搞晕了

，求解。

作者: 克瑞斯 时间: 2015-8-26 00:29

babybearmm 发表于 2012-2-1 10:04
都是好问题啊~~~~1.V-ing ..., S+V+O       句首的 "v-ing...," 就是作为noun modifier，修 ...

精华帖从头至尾详细的看了，清晰了一些，但还有些困惑，向baby姐及各位大神求助：

OG15 29

Emily Dickinson’s letters to Susan Huntington Dickinson were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ending shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, outnumbering her letters to anyone else.

A. Dickinson were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ending shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, outnumbering

B. Dickinson were written over a period that begins a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ended shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, outnumber

C. Dickinson, written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and that ends shortly before Emily’s death in 1886 and outnumbering

D. Dickinson, which were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother, ending shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, and outnumbering

GMAC解释A说到俩点，其一说 it is unclear what outnumbering refers to, 按之前的说法，ournumbering逻辑主语不应该是Dickinson？

另外，OG25

Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth of knowledge over the past twenty years about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood, are now drawing solid conclusions about how the human brain grows and how babies acquire language.
(A) Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth of knowledge over the past twenty years about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood, are
(B) Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth of knowledge about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood over the past twenty years, and are
(C) Neuroscientists amassing a wealth of knowledge about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood over the past twenty years, and are
(D) Neuroscientists have amassed a wealth of knowledge over the past twenty years about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood,
(E) Neuroscientists have amassed, over the past twenty years, a wealth of knowledge about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood
GMAC 解释D 除说到时态以外，还提到drawing seems to modify adulthood.

这两题GMAC的解释把我原本觉得明白的又搞晕了，求解

作者: 921075453 时间: 2015-9-14 18:42

babybearmm 发表于 2012-2-1 14:13
我觉得你的分析没错，白勇书上认为“结果状语的时候哇，木有逻辑主语,整个句子是原因”也不能算错，其实咱 ...

哇，看到baby姐的帖子真有豁然开朗的感觉

好棒的解释啊

作者: 晓嘉听话 时间: 2015-10-3 04:19
我也是看这题看了一下午，很多题虽然做对了但还是云里雾里，所以不管做没做对都要上来看看大家的讨论。太爱baby了，女神啊!每每都让我觉得自己是多么一知半解，也坚定了要好好反复钻研每道题的决心，既然人家懂的透透的还这么努力，你凭啥松懈！

作者: chaserW 时间: 2016-1-27 21:53

克瑞斯发表于 2015-8-26 00:26
这帖子好久了，不知道各位大仙是否还会关注，帖子从头至尾详细的看了，清晰了一些，但还有些困惑，求解答： ...

非NN来试下~偶然看到这个年代久远的帖子，不知还能不能帮上忙

OG29
原句是：Emily Dickinson’s letters to Susan Huntington Dickinson were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ending shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, outnumbering her letters to anyone else.
可以看出加粗部分的主干表达的是“信被写了”，橙色部分作状语修饰信如何多。主语是letters。

前面baby姐贴的Ron解释里有说，
The "comma+ ing" modifier should only be used when:
(A)
it MODIFIES THE ENTIRE ACTION of the precedingclause, and it APPLIES TO THE SUBJECT of that clause;
(B)
one of the followingis true:
(1) the"ing" action is SIMULTANEOUS with, andSUBORDINATE to, the main action;
-i ran down the sidewalk, flapping my arms wildly(2) the"ing" action is a DIRECT AND IMMEDIATECONSEQUENCE of the main action.
-i got a 100 on the most recent exam, bringing my average up to 91
如果用原句的表达，“outnumbering her letters to anyone else”符合（A)，但是（B)的1、2都不符合，即与主句动词并不是同时和从属关系，也不是直接的因果关系

再来看OA：
Emily Dickinson’s letters to Susan Huntington Dickinson, which were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan's marriage to Emily's brother and ending shortly before Emily's death in 1886, outnumber her letters to anyoneelse.
这个选项表达ED写给SH的信比她写给其他人的都多，中间穿插橙色部分关于写信时间的修饰
把outnumber放在主干、写信时间作为修饰，能合逻辑

作者: PurpleSun520 时间: 2016-3-3 22:39
感谢分享！

作者: 不喜欢乱起名字 时间: 2016-3-15 19:43
感谢分享！

作者: xixixi77 时间: 2017-3-20 16:38
感谢分享！！！

作者: xixixi77 时间: 2017-3-24 13:06
感谢分享！

作者: amber979 时间: 2017-12-28 16:37
感谢BABY姐！

作者: AMBER513 时间: 2019-8-2 16:18
顶楼主！

作者: Lyc2022 时间: 2021-7-12 20:38
Mark一下！

作者: xxxJimmyxxx 时间: 2022-9-8 13:08
想问下baby姐姐如果doing放在句子开头，然后加上comma，然后再接主句，这种结构是伴随状语嘛，伴随状语只能放在句末吗？谢谢！

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