ChaseDream

标题: GWD-1-15 [打印本页]

作者: paopao 时间: 2004-8-10 12:20
标题: GWD-1-15

GWDQ15:

In parts of South America, vitamin-A deficiency is a serious health problem, especially among children. In one region, agriculturists are attempting to improve nutrition by encouraging farmers to plant a new variety of sweet potato called SPK004 that is rich in beta-carotene, which the body converts into vitamin A. The plan has good chances of success, since sweet potato is a staple of the region’s diet and agriculture, and the varieties currently grown contain little beta-carotene.

Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the prediction that the plan will succeed?

The growing conditions required by the varieties of sweet potato currently cultivated in the region are conditions in which SPK004 can flourish.

The flesh of SPK004 differs from that of the currently cultivated sweet potatoes in color and texture, so traditional foods would look somewhat different when prepared from SPK004.无关

There are no other varieties of sweet potato that are significantly richer in beta-carotene than SPK004 is.

The varieties of sweet potato currently cultivated in the region contain some important nutrients that are lacking in SPK004.无关

There are other vegetables currently grown in the region that contain more beta-carotene than the currently cultivated varieties of sweet potato do.削弱

请问C为何不对

谢谢

作者: dreadpower 时间: 2004-8-10 13:14

文章的目的（结论）：agriculturists are attempting to improve nutrition by encouraging farmers to plant a new variety of sweet potato called SPK004 that is rich in beta-carotene, which the body converts into vitamin A. 会成功

C说有比SPK004含更丰富的beta-carotene的其他种存在，这个东东，对于原文的推理没有任何的影响（原文要说计划会成功，C选项的存在并不能说明计划会成功或者失败）

不知道解释清楚没有

作者: paopao 时间: 2004-8-10 14:00

dreadpower :谢谢你的答复

我是这样想的

题干中讲到没有其它的作物含的BC比S S含BC多 BC可转为A 所以S会成功

C讲到没有其它的作物BC含量高于S 我认为是加强了

我的思路哪里不对呢

谢谢

[此贴子已经被作者于2004-8-10 22:06:35编辑过]

作者: leeon 时间: 2004-8-10 17:02

C和原文没有关系，不管有没有其它的作物BC含量高于S，都不会影响原文的结论。原文的推断是：sweet potato is a staple of the region’s diet and agriculture, and the varieties currently grown contain little beta-carotene＝>The plan has good chances of success，前面已经说明了SPK004含BC高，而当前的种类含量不高，而且这种食品有是当前这个地区的主要农作物和食品。所以种SPK004能够解决当地人们的营养健康问题。C是无关选项。

作者: blackhorse 时间: 2004-8-10 17:55

举个简单的例子，你就明白了：

老师说，你高考肯定能成功。

A、你学习成绩好。

C、我的成绩比你好。

你说选哪个？当然是A。

往深了说，凡是文中没有的比较如果出现在选项中，通常为迷惑选项。

作者: dreadpower 时间: 2004-8-10 18:55
这个例子举的真不错

作者: paopao 时间: 2004-8-10 22:11

以下是引用blackhorse在2004-8-10 17:55:00的发言：

往深了说，凡是文中没有的比较如果出现在选项中，通常为迷惑选项。

C中所说的

There are no other varieties of sweet potato that are significantly richer in beta-carotene than SPK004 is.

是不是因为原文中已经提到过the varieties currently grown contain little beta-carotene.

所以无关呢

谢谢

作者: kingsoft 时间: 2004-8-11 00:30

不是这个问题

还是因为和原文结论根本不相关，原文只说这个增加营养的计划要成功

你说有更好的成功方法，即使你说了这个，也不能改变（加强或者削弱）原文的结论：这个计划能成功

作者: paopao 时间: 2004-8-11 11:22

谢谢各位的精彩解答

我想我明白了

作者: valarie 时间: 2004-8-28 12:19

以下是引用kingsoft在2004-8-11 0:30:00的发言：

不是这个问题

还是因为和原文结论根本不相关，原文只说这个增加营养的计划要成功

你说有更好的成功方法，即使你说了这个，也不能改变（加强或者削弱）原文的结论：这个计划能成功

可是我觉得如果有其他的比S 含更多的BC （例如sweet potato III), 那可能别人种 sweet potato III，从而导致S销量不好，所以计划有可能不成功，你们认为那？

作者: 流沙 时间: 2004-9-5 13:58

以下是引用valarie在2004-8-28 12:19:00的发言：

可是我觉得如果有其他的比S 含更多的BC （例如sweet potato III), 那可能别人种 sweet potato III，从而导致S销量不好，所以计划有可能不成功，你们认为那？

那可能别人种 sweet potato III，从而导致S销量不好，这些都是你的推导。文中根本不包含这样的信息，属于过度推导了。

作者: victorzheng 时间: 2004-9-23 12:16
of course , the answer is A

作者: asicschu 时间: 2004-11-1 16:04
嗯, A的答案應該是正確的!!

作者: channing76 时间: 2005-6-20 21:13

象这样的问题,我觉得不易过度推导,原文说计划要成功,那么支持的选项选个xx可以成功的选项,因为选项既非充分,也非必要的。不知道说明白了没有～～

作者: michellechang 时间: 2005-8-12 12:50

我觉得有好几道题都有类似c的选项，把题目中的一个条件拿出来再说一遍，好象这种选项从来就不是答案！

作者: gmat740 时间: 2005-10-5 15:26

可以这样理解，原文说通过种植SPK004来提高人们VA的水平。C说没有其他东西含更丰富的VA显然和提高没有逻辑推理的关系。答案说SPK4能生长在推理链中如下

种植SPK4-SPK4能生长-提高VA水平

作者: seraphblue 时间: 2005-10-21 23:27
faint

作者: rainyang 时间: 2005-10-31 22:14

我对此题仍有疑问。

我认为OG里的出套路，对于加强题是要针对文中cause－effect来进行的。

文中说

The plan has good chances of success,since...and the varieties currently grown contain little beta-carotene.

相应的答案C对于这个理由给予进步强调

There are no other varieties of sweet potato that are significantly richer in beta carotene than SPK0004 is.

我可以理解A，但却觉得C更接近出题套路。在OG中也有类似题目，原因也可以成立，但答案倾向于文中cause－effect的推倒。

不知各位高见？

作者: amber0919 时间: 2005-11-5 20:52

俺觉得Ｃ更象是not+weaken．记得ＯＧ上就有许多这样的题．当时一看Ｃ，那个激动．立马就选上了

作者: winky 时间: 2005-11-15 00:45

以下是引用blackhorse在2004-8-10 17:55:00的发言：

举个简单的例子，你就明白了：

老师说，你高考肯定能成功。

A、你学习成绩好。

C、我的成绩比你好。

你说选哪个？当然是A。

往深了说，凡是文中没有的比较如果出现在选项中，通常为迷惑选项。

我觉得这个例子并不恰当。我做这个题的时候就是在A和C之间徘徊。现在也不能确定哪个更好。blackhorse的例子我不赞同，因为录取大学本来是竞争的，如果就你们两个人考，就是那个学习好那个上。本题中又说的是other varieties，那就更是有哪个更好就用哪个了。所以我也认为是not+weaken。大家继续讨论

作者: mko 时间: 2006-1-27 03:43
题问的是:支持SPK004在那片土地上种植成功
A, SPK004在那片土地上的种植条件都符合了
C, SPK004有最多的BC.
C是无关选项, 因为只要种植成功就达到目的,是否含有最多的BC并不是成功的关键. 反过来说,即使BC含量最多,SPK004也有可能无法在那片土地种植成功.

作者: bluevironika 时间: 2006-2-3 17:27

Q15:

首先要弄明白要达到的目的: 种植计划的推广成立的条件（这个东东外部的条件，因为内部条件有了，就是他的营养。）.题目里面说，这个东西是人们的主食。

Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the prediction that the plan will succeed?

The growing conditions required by the varieties of sweet potato currently cultivated in the region are conditions in which SPK004 can flourish.

The flesh of SPK004 differs from that of the currently cultivated sweet potatoes in color and texture, so traditional foods would look somewhat different when prepared from SPK004.

新的东东与旧的相比色彩不同。无关。

c There are no other varieties of sweet potato that are significantly richer in beta-carotene than SPK004 is.

没有别的比这个新的更有beta营养。这个比较是无关的比较了，题目里面已经确定了要种这个新的。

d. The varieties of sweet potato currently cultivated in the region contain some important nutrients that are lacking in SPK004.

旧的比新的更有多出来的别的营养。不在考虑范围了，因为beta营养才是考虑的重点，而且提出的问题对计划有削弱作用。

e. There are other vegetables currently grown in the region that contain more beta-carotene than the currently cultivated varieties of sweet potato do.

其他正种植的蔬菜有的比正在种植的旧东东更多的beta。无关。

请指教~~~~~

作者: 入画 时间: 2006-2-11 11:41

以下是引用mko在2006-1-27 3:43:00的发言：
题问的是:支持SPK004在那片土地上种植成功
A, SPK004在那片土地上的种植条件都符合了
C, SPK004有最多的BC.
C是无关选项, 因为只要种植成功就达到目的,是否含有最多的BC并不是成功的关键. 反过来说,即使BC含量最多,SPK004也有可能无法在那片土地种植成功.

同意

作者: qianzui 时间: 2006-7-22 22:57
提供我的思路：考虑C就是很大程度上是考虑经济因素，但是文中是农业学家提出的一个plan，更多的应该考虑能否提高健康程度，所以A最加强。

作者: lancome130 时间: 2006-8-3 17:36

窃以为A选项和C选项的区别在于针对不同的提干有不同的回答。提干说的是the plan will succeed.因此a比c好，而c对于种植新品种是否能成功并无关系。而如果提干换成另外的说法，有可能就是c更好。这也是为什么有的人认为c看着更像答案的原因。

作者: skyinseas 时间: 2006-8-3 20:14
按照lawyer大牛的理论：这道题的结论的特殊性和具体性在：某种物质的营养成分和计划成功，c只是比较营养成分，没有影响到计划的成功与否。

作者: jenny22 时间: 2006-8-28 19:02

同意！还是应该在准确找出结论的基础上选择答案！

作者: 孩子气诺诺 时间: 2006-11-11 10:19

我觉得这个解释最明白了。。。哈哈谢谢我相通了

作者: charlotte606 时间: 2007-5-10 02:11

我怎么觉得A不对啊，since后面是结论吧，所以我们应该加强这个结论，这样看来A就是无关选项了。请赐教。

作者: 王一兔 时间: 2007-8-16 22:49

c中说There are no other varieties of sweet potato that are significantly richer in beta-carotene than SPK004 is. 没有其他的东西比这种新的西红柿richer in betacarotene, 但是有可能还有另一种西红柿和文中提到的西红柿rich in 的程度是一样的。

我提出的这点也许在这道题中不是最关键的要点，但是我觉得也很重要，是个小陷阱——————not richer不等于 lower ,还有可能是 as rich as

作者: easy4meeeeee 时间: 2007-12-23 20:52

我认为C不是无关

如果这道题问assumption，那一定是选C了

而这道题问哪一个是most strongly supports, C这个答案作为必要条件显然没有A的效果那么强烈

个人意见

作者: redant 时间: 2008-5-3 12:32

C为无关选项，我是这么理解的：

对于这种为达到某种目的而提出方法建议类的推理题，其实有两种类型：

１、为达到一个目的而提出某一方法；这里暗含的逻辑为这个方法是目前条件下唯一可以使用的方法，或者是最好的方法；强调唯一性时，最好的削弱办法就是他因，或者说最好的加强办法就是没有他因（类似于那种由responsible, due to, attribute to 等引导的原因解释现象的“因果结构”推理类型）

２、由某一方法试图达到某一目的；这里暗含的逻辑是这种方法可以达到目的，强调方法可行，并不强调这是唯一、最好的方法。（通常由by 来引导方法，是常规的“前提结论”推理类型）

很明显，本题并不是第一类型的题目，并不强调种植SPK004是唯一并且最好的方法，SPK004这种新的品种只要种植成功并且比目前的品种含的ＢＣ要多就达到目的了。强调没有他因，肯定是对于得。　也就是说不求最好、只求更好～～～

A 为正确选项，其很好的在新品种与目前的种植环境之间架起了桥梁，增强了方法的可行性。

[此贴子已经被作者于2008-5-3 12:36:05编辑过]

作者: redhead 时间: 2008-5-6 05:56
必要条件但不是充分条件

作者: newyearagain 时间: 2008-5-6 17:02
C says 'There are no other varieties of sweet potato that are significantly richer in beta-carotene than SPK004 is.' but there may be other varieties of vagetables, fruits that are significantly richer in beta-carotene than SPK004 is. C cann't give a strong support to the argument.

作者: xinyp 时间: 2008-6-4 20:51

这个题的reasoning chain和结论是：因为土豆是主要农业产品和主食，而且beta营养很少，所以种植SPK肯定成功。

加强：加强这三个原因（主要农产品，主食，营养）中的哪个都行。A加强说SPK也能够成为主要农产品。

E实际是不太合格的一个削弱：说已种植的其他植物比现有土豆作物含beta多，（人仍然缺乏营养）。

BCD的main points和文章的arguement无关：颜色，texture,其他营养元素，含更多beta的其他植物。

作者: baohua8142 时间: 2008-6-15 16:03

我认为C重复了原文的说法the varieties currently grown contain little beta-carotene，重复不算加强！

作者: knowcking 时间: 2008-6-27 00:14

以下是引用bluevironika在2006-2-3 17:27:00的发言：

Q15:

Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the prediction that the plan will succeed?

The growing conditions required by the varieties of sweet potato currently cultivated in the region are conditions in which SPK004 can flourish.
The flesh of SPK004 differs from that of the currently cultivated sweet potatoes in color and texture, so traditional foods would look somewhat different when prepared from SPK004.

新的东东与旧的相比色彩不同。无关。

c There are no other varieties of sweet potato that are significantly richer in beta-carotene than SPK004 is.

没有别的比这个新的更有beta营养。这个比较是无关的比较了，题目里面已经确定了要种这个新的。

d. The varieties of sweet potato currently cultivated in the region contain some important nutrients that are lacking in SPK004.

旧的比新的更有多出来的别的营养。不在考虑范围了，因为beta营养才是考虑的重点，而且提出的问题对计划有削弱作用。

e. There are other vegetables currently grown in the region that contain more beta-carotene than the currently cultivated varieties of sweet potato do.

其他正种植的蔬菜有的比正在种植的旧东东更多的beta。无关。

请指教~~~~~

bluevironika说的不错，C却是是无关.

请注意：原文说：agriculturists are attempting to improve nutrition by encouraging farmers to plant a new variety of sweet potato called SPK004，已经说明了要种这个，只是问成不成功的问题。

假如换成这样描述：agriculturists are attempting to improve nutrition by encouraging farmers to plant a new variety of sweet potato。Since sweet potato is a staple of the region’s diet and agriculture, and the varieties currently grown, but SPK004 is more rich in beta-carotene，so SPK004 will be planted。那么选C绝对是毫无疑问的.

不知道这样能否明白

作者: melody2008 时间: 2008-7-27 20:07

GWD1-Q15:

背景：缺A

计划：种植s p的一个新品种叫S4，S4富含b-c，b-c可被人体转成A

评价：此plan好，因为s p在这里是主食并被广泛种植，而且现在种的s p含的b-c很少

Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the prediction that the plan will succeed?

A. The growing conditions required by the varieties of sweet potato currently cultivated in the region are conditions in which SPK004 can flourish.

B. The flesh of SPK004 differs from that of the currently cultivated sweet potatoes in color and texture, so traditional foods would look somewhat different when prepared from SPK004.无关新名词

C. There are no other varieties of sweet potato that are significantly richer in beta-carotene than SPK004 is.说明这个计划中选材的正确而非预测计划会成功的原因

D. The varieties of sweet potato currently cultivated in the region contain some important nutrients that are lacking in SPK004. 无关

E. There are other vegetables currently grown in the region that contain more beta-carotene than the currently cultivated varieties of sweet potato do.削弱

[此贴子已经被作者于2008-7-27 20:08:26编辑过]

作者: Zspirit 时间: 2008-7-27 23:47

文中的plan包括的范围只是用SPK004这个品种来improve nutrition，其他品种如何与计划无关

所以C为无关选项

作者: cici8796 时间: 2008-10-28 15:11

以下是引用baohua8142在2008-6-15 16:03:00的发言：

我认为C重复了原文的说法the varieties currently grown contain little beta-carotene，重复不算加强！

我觉得这个解释很好。

c只是重复了原文中的一个事实，并没有加强。

作者: 伯爵奶茶 时间: 2009-4-1 11:13

建议大家看看32楼的发言，说的真好。

对于这种为达到某种目的而提出方法建议类的推理题，其实有两种类型：

所以在第一种情况是由目的→方法第二种情况就是本题是由方法→目的

第一种的hidden premise 是这个方法或建议是唯一或者最具关键性的能够实现目的的方法或建议

第二种的hidden premise 是该方法能实现此目的并不强调这是唯一、最好的方法。

[此贴子已经被作者于2009-4-1 14:50:05编辑过]

作者: zhengjingzhe 时间: 2009-7-21 14:19
up

作者: judyenglish 时间: 2010-6-29 09:13
以下是引用baohua8142在2008-6-15 16:03:00的发言：

我认为C重复了原文的说法the varieties currently grown contain little beta-carotene，重复不算加强！

我觉得这个解释很好。

c只是重复了原文中的一个事实，并没有加强。

强烈同意！GWD有好几题都是这样排除的=》优点：快速，精准

作者: honeydd 时间: 2010-8-11 05:42

建议大家看看32楼的发言，说的真好。
对于这种为达到某种目的而提出方法建议类的推理题，其实有两种类型：

１、为达到一个目的而提出某一方法；这里暗含的逻辑为这个方法是目前条件下唯一可以使用的方法，或者是最好的方法；强调唯一性时，最好的削弱办法就是他因，或者说最好的加强办法就是没有他因（类似于那种由responsible, due to, attribute to 等引导的原因解释现象的“因果结构”推理类型）

２、由某一方法试图达到某一目的；这里暗含的逻辑是这种方法可以达到目的，强调方法可行，并不强调这是唯一、最好的方法。（通常由by 来引导方法，是常规的“前提结论”推理类型）

所以在第一种情况是由目的→方法第二种情况就是本题是由方法→目的
第一种的hidden premise 是这个方法或建议是唯一或者最具关键性的能够实现目的的方法或建议
第二种的hidden premise 是该方法能实现此目的并不强调这是唯一、最好的方法。

[此贴子已经被作者于2009-4-1 14:50:05编辑过]

-- by 会员伯爵奶茶 (2009/4/1 11:13:00)

比较赞同这个！

作者: JasonRO 时间: 2011-4-14 23:34
OG其实解释的很好：C.It is SPK004's beta-carotene content relative to the beta-carotene content of the sweet potatoes
currently grown in the region that is relevant here, so it doe s not matter if there are other varieties
of sweet potato that are richer in beta- carotene than SPK004 is.

说SPK的成功只和本地种植的其他sweet potato含的beta-carotene content相关，而其他不是currently grown in the region ，即使你richer in beta- carotene than SPK004 ，也无法对SPK在这个地区的成功造成影响。

作者: lsshi8947 时间: 2013-7-1 06:36
个人思路，本题是典型的手段目的题。目的：improve nutrition，手段：encouraging farmers to plant SPK004。看A，如果SPK004 lack important nutrients，那么种植它可能会导致其他营养元素的缺乏，从而达不到improve nutrition的目的，所以是加强（取非后削弱是加强）；看c，如果SPK004不是含beta-carotene最高的，不一定就达不到improve nutrition的目的，因为文中已经说is rich in betacarotene。只要improve就行，不一定要improve most。综上，选a

作者: InfiniteAlex 时间: 2014-9-28 19:35
C是无关选项

作者: Hendy 时间: 2014-11-17 06:01
结论：
the ultimate conclusion of this argument is simply that the plan will increase overall nutrition. the increase in vitamin A is the vehicle of the particular nutritional improvement in question, but that's a premise, not the conclusion. the conclusion of the argument is simply "nutrition will be improved".

(C), on the other hand, is irrelevant. the argument is concerned only with showing that the plan will succeed, NOT with showing that the plan is optimal or better than other plans.

this is extremely important. make sure you realize this: unless an argument specifically compares a course of action to other courses of action, and/or states that a course of action is best/worst/optimal/etc., then other courses of action are irrelevant.

nalogy:

let's say my argument's conclusion is "diet X will help you lose weight."
if i have an answer choice that says that diet Y will help you lose weight faster than will diet X, that's totally irrelevant. it does not weaken the claim that diet X will help you lose weight.

on the other hand, if my argument's conculsion is "diet X is the best diet for weight loss", then, all of a sudden, any such claim about diet Y will indeed weaken the argument.

作者: Hendy 时间: 2014-12-26 06:35
2008年以前的帖子都是精华。

作者: 问啊问啊 时间: 2015-4-28 22:25
看 RON 大神的解答

https://www.manhattanprep.com/gmat/forums/in-parts-of-south-america-t5816.html

Re: In parts of South America

Sun Dec 28, 2008 9:51 am

sdgirl wrote:In parts of South America, vitamin-A deficiency is a serious health problem, especially among children. In one region, agriculturists hope to improve nutrition by encouraging farmers to plant a new variety of sweet potato called SPK004 that is rich in betacarotene, which the body converts into vitamin A. The plan has good chances of success, since sweet potato is a staple of the region's diet and agriculture, and the varieties currently grown contain little beta-carotene.

which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the prediction that the plan will succeed?

a. There are other vegetables currently grown in the region that contain more beta-carotene than the currently cultivated varieties of sweet potato do.
b. The flesh of SPK004 differs from that of the currently cultivated sweet potatoes in colors and textures, so traditional foods would look somewhat different when prepared from SPK004.
c. For successful cultivation of SPK004, a soil significantly richer in nitrogen is needed than is needed for the varieties of sweet potato currently cultivated in the region.
d. There are no other varieties of sweet potato that are significantly richer in beta-carotene than SPK004 is.
e. the currently cultivated varieties of sweet potato contain no important nutrients that SPK004 lacks.

OA: E

i was debating between D and E, and ultimately chose D. I think they both equally support the prediction that the plan will succeed. so why is that E is better?

ok, first of all, make sure that you understand why (e) does strengthen the argument.

remember that one extremely common way to strengthen arguments is to undermine possible objections to those arguments. in this case, especially given the extant differences between the potatoes (one contains b-carotene and the other doesn't), it's quite reasonable to raise the following objection: "but what about other nutrients? if spk004 has b-carotene but other potatoes don't, then might other potatoes have some other nutrient that's lacking in spk004?"
legitimate objection.
(e) dispenses with this objection, so it strengthens the argument.

--

(d), on the other hand, is irrelevant. the argument is concerned only with showing that the plan will succeed, NOT with showing that the plan is optimal or better than other plans.

this is extremely important. make sure you realize this: unless an argument specifically compares a course of action to other courses of action, and/or states that a course of action is best/worst/optimal/etc., then other courses of action are irrelevant.

--

analogy:

let's say my argument's conclusion is "diet X will help you lose weight."
if i have an answer choice that says that diet Y will help you lose weight faster than will diet X, that's totally irrelevant. it does not weaken the claim that diet X will help you lose weight.

on the other hand, if my argument's conculsion is "diet X is the best diet for weight loss", then, all of a sudden, any such claim about diet Y will indeed weaken the argument.

see the difference?

作者: 问啊问啊 时间: 2015-4-28 22:25
题目一样，选项A换成了E，变体，我觉得这是个很好的题目，告诉我们如何从GMAC的角度做推理，而不是从日常生活经验做推理

作者: 安猪 时间: 2017-8-4 03:25

blackhorse 发表于 2004-8-10 17:55
举个简单的例子，你就明白了：老师说，你高考肯定能成功。A、你学习成绩好。C、我的成绩比你好。你说选哪个 ...

同意！

作者: AMBER513 时间: 2019-9-10 15:33
因为计划的目的是为了为居民提供更多维A，而不是为了推广这种产品然后考虑竞争因素

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