For protection from the summer sun, the Mojave lived in open-sided, flat-topped dwellings known as shades, each a roof of poles and arrowweed supported by posts set in a rectangle.
(A) each a roof of poles and arrowweed
(B) each a roof of poles and arrowweed that are being
(C) with each being a roof of poles and arrowweed
(D) with roofs of poles and arrowweed to be(A)
(E) with roofs of poles and arrowweed that are
划线部分的意思不明白。each引导的是独立主格吗?请多多指教,先谢过~~~~
独立主格没错。
如果要理解意思的话,可以认为是shades, each of which is a roof ...
谢谢rhod!
and arrowweed supported by posts set in a rectangle.
arrowweed怎么这么奇怪,偶不认识,后面是supported,是两个分词连用吗?
请多多指教
我怎么觉得是E:
A: each a roof of poles and arrowweed supported by posts 闹不清到底是 roof 还是 arrowweed , supported by posts
E: roofs of poles and arrowweed that are supported by, 这个that are 直指roofs,
好像石林语法讲过类似题目,A of B that.. 记不清了,
each引导的强调型独立主格结构。强调句未的复数名词,形式为:句子+复数名词结尾,each+介词短语/形容词短语/名词短语/-ing形式/-ed形式。
参见白勇语法句子结构
同意davidzhn. 选E.
supported by posts set in a rectangle应该修饰roofs, 必须用定语从句才能修饰到roofs.
A选项each a roof of poles and arrowweed supported by posts set in a rectangle, supported 只能修饰到arrowweed.
如果使用roofs,这句话的句意是有问题的,因为前面是shades,那到底是一个roof和shade对应还是roofs和shade对应那?a中用each强调每一个roof避免了歧义。
至于过去分词优于定语从句这样的说法太绝对了。
同意流沙的观点,而且后面posts set in a rectangle 对应each a roof 更为合适一些
each 后面可以跟上a/an吗?我查了金山词霸2005没有看见这种用法呀,一开始我就是用这一条直接排除了AB选了E……
那可否请问一下(A)中的supported 修饰谁 不会有歧义吗?
顶~~~~~~
就是啊,A)supported 修饰 poles or arrowweed or poles and arrowweed
og 里面不是经常有这种歧义要修正吗?supported 修饰不明啊!!!
请指教
我觉得E比较好,看过比较说that 从句修饰的是前面名词的中心词 即roofs,这样
指代就明确了呀!!
同意A
根据句意,open-sided dwelling=shade=roof
开放式的住所,没有墙(边side)的,根本就像是个棚顶的住所。
如果选E,
open-sided dwelling +(with) roofs=shade +(with) roofs.....
感觉上很奇怪,似乎表示该开放无边的住所上面还盖了一个屋顶...蛮怪的
A sounds better.
in E. roofs ...set in a rectangle
我本來也選E, 不過答案說是A, 現在看了討論, 又被搞迷糊了!!
flat-topped dwellings known as shades, each a roof of [ poles and arrowweed ] supported by posts set in a rectangle.
1. a rectangle: must correspond to " each a roof "
2. "poles and arrowweed" together modify "roof" (implying the simple construction of the structure),
3. "a roof of ...supported by posts", ( these posts are set in A rectangle ). a rectangle = a roof = shade of each dwelling.
arrowweed其实不是arrowwood的复数,它本身就是单数,
这篇SC很有意思,不过对我们这些非米国人来说,考这个就好象考美国人中国的庙是怎么建的一样,很没意思。
关系本篇SC,请参考这个网址
http://www.uapress.arizona.edu/onlinebks/prophet/industry.htm
I think it should be E.
"Mojave" is people, and "shades" is house, no ambuity here.
If you choose A, the meaning sounds like "each shade is a roof", if you choose E, the meaning is "the shades have roofs of (such properties)".
我看这题是ETS自己出了毛病.
A: 的问题是supported不能修饰到roof(这好象是OG里强调的). 优点是each 做独立主格来进一步说明 dwellings 的特点是ETS地道的表示方法
E: 的优点就是that are supported能修饰到roof. 这里的with可以解释为修饰dwellings, 用逗号隔开是为了避免变成修饰shades. 但E最大的问题是句意. 修饰 dwellings 用 a roof 就可以了(关于这一点, 请参阅"三个人拥有一台自行车"或者"猿人拥有一个声音管道"). 用 roofs 导致了后面的 a rectangle 问题. 我们可以想象 set in a rectangle 的 posts 如何才能 supported 多个 roofs ?
ETS太毒了....
我做的时候选了E, 但如果实战遇到可能会选A
For protection from the summer sun, the Mojave lived in open-sided, flat-topped dwellings known as shades, each a roof of poles and arrowweed supported by posts set in a rectangle.
A中这个each a...怎么看怎么错。 而且后面这个supported 很难说是修饰arrowweed还是啥的。同样,在E中, that are...也是修饰不清楚。 我觉得D虽然看上去不是很好看,但是起码避免了上面的问题。
我也选了E,看了帖后改投A。同意19楼bose0008说的roofs不可能在a retangle,所以复数roofs肯定错。另外,A这种独立结构实在太象ETS的风格(A很象错的,但语意上最对,可以想象出题的人的狞笑-)。
另外可参照OG122,...characters, each character a miniature calligraphic composition inside its own square frame,如出一辙!
For protection from the summer sun, the Mojave lived in open-sided, flat-topped dwellings known as shades, each a roof of poles and arrowweed supported by posts set in a rectangle.
(A) each a roof of poles and arrowweed
(B) each a roof of poles and arrowweed that are being
(C) with each being a roof of poles and arrowweed
(D) with roofs of poles and arrowweed to be(A)
(E) with roofs of poles and arrowweed that are
划线部分的意思不明白。each引导的是独立主格吗?请多多指教,先谢过~~~~
先说A, each a roof of poles and arrowweed supported by posts set in a rectangle从原句逻辑上来看是ROOF被supported by posts set in a rectangle,但A的表达有歧义,SUPPORTED直接就近修饰了poles and arrowweed 或仅仅就修饰了arrowweed ,再次产生歧义。另外 each a还代考证!
再说E,(E) with roofs of poles and arrowweed that are表达仍有歧义
(D) with roofs of poles and arrowweed to be用不定式,则明确表达了原句的逻辑意思,语法书上也有说明:介词+宾语+宾补是非谓语的正确表达之一,其介词多用WITH,宾补部分和独立主格结构一样,常用分词,不定式,形容词,副词等等,介词后面的宾语(此题中的ROOFS)与其后的宾补有逻辑上的主谓关系(supported by posts set in a rectangle此时明确修饰ROOFS)
所以我同意D,请大家讨论,NN们出山吧!
我认为,DE的主要问题还是在于前面roofs poles 和后面的in a rectangle 不一致的问题
这个东东是这样的: 1个顶 被若干围成长方形的柱子支撑着
所以全部用复数的话逻辑上就显得ambiguous.
A中的each a roof of ... and... supported by ...如果是独立主格结构,那么supported就不是分词作定语,而是分词作谓语,省略be动词。因此不存在修饰对象的问题。(独立主格的结构是n. + doing/done,分词和名词逻辑上存在主谓关系)
反之,如果supported by...作定语,那么逗号后面部分就不是独立主格,而是同位语,each作状语: shades, (each) a roof ... 当然,也就存在修饰对象问题。(注:同位语和其所对应的主宾语单复数可以不同)
两种解释似乎都可以。
这题是A没有什么疑问.
就supported的修饰歧义问题, OG里面已经有了相关的论断,
205. The peaks of a mountain range, acting like rocks in a streambed, produce ripples in the air flowing over them; the resulting flow pattern, with crests and troughs that remain stationary although the air that forms them is moving rapidly, are known as "standing waves."
(A) crests and troughs that remain stationary although the air that forms them is moving rapidly, are
(B) crests and troughs that remain stationary although they are formed by rapidly moving air, are
(C) crests and troughs that remain stationary although the air that forms them is moving rapidly, is
(D) stationary crests and troughs although the air that forms them is moving rapidly, are
(E) stationary crests and troughs although they are formed by rapidly moving air, is
The main challenge in this sentence is to observe the agreement of subject and verb (the resulting flow pattern... is known...) despite the distraction of a complex intervening structure containing several plural elements (with crests and troughs...). Choices A, B, and D can, therefore, be eliminated because they use an incorrect plural verb form, are. Choice E uses the correct verb form, is, but it incorrectly introduces a dependent adverbial although clause into a prepositional phrase (with crests ...). Choice D also makes this error. Such dependent clauses can only occur in the predicates of full clauses. C, the best choice, uses the correct verb form, is, and correctly puts the although clause inside the predicate of the relative clause (that... rapidly).
上面的答案是C, 说明A and B that结构中that是修饰A and B的, 同理, supported也一样是修饰前面的整体, 不会产生任歧义.
大家的焦点都集中在独立主格,我认为本题不是独立主格, 而是同位语,只是同位语名词前多了一个each而已.
快考试了,没时间细说, 留个记号, 考完回来举证我的观点.
我觉得这是lzm说的all…each…结构。
解题从主谓一致出发,再根据代词指代。
答案特征都是前半句描述整体特征,后半句描述个体特征即all…each…结构。
对于类似结构若画线部分在后句,找each选项。画线在前面找all(both)选项
我现在找不到例子,但是遇到很多题都是这种情况!用这个原则很容易找到正确答案!
I thought "supported" modify the noune "each a roof".
Which is refered to a prep phrase modifier. A of xxx and xxx (that is) supported by set xxx.
According to the sentence meaning, I thought it's more resonable in this way.
is that correct ?
E中的时态不对,主句是过去时,独立主格中怎莫能用that are呢
支持A
D to be不对吧
A 对.
问题不在于supported修饰roof 或arrowweed.关键在于E可以简化为with something.之后就没了.这个with something单独在这里是错的.如果With something doing..就可以了.记得OG中好像有个题有相同的错误,但不记得题了.
A 是说这些dwellings(shades房子) each is a roof of...
E 是说这些dwellings(shades房子) with roofs...
所以从逻辑上讲似乎E更贴切一些(我考时就据此选了E,下次一定紧记这个With something的教训).这也是前面一个帖子提到的如果A变成这样会更清楚:
dwellings(shades房子) each with a roof of...
不过比起with something的问题,这点瑕疵小菜了.
关于arrowweed, 我的理解是weed(野草)的一种.看来ETS想混淆这个eed和过去分词,至少诈唬一下,呵呵.
E中的时态不对,主句是过去时,独立主格中怎莫能用that are呢
支持A
可是,E用现在时也说得过去的,描述这些房子的固有特征,而且这些特征并不随时间改变。
不记得哪一楼说过,如果A加个"with" 就会更清楚,如果A有这个with,恐怕这道题也就没有争议了;问题是现在并没有
each本身就有“每一个”的意思,为什么后面还要跟a 呢?我觉得A 不好
支持E
今天拿这道题去郁闷老师了,她说选e好,因为each有歧义
而且,老师特地问我,那个shades是不是大写的,所以,恐怕这道题本身就有问题
应该还是a比e要顺一些啊,而且a的bug 在e 中也有体现,而e的一些bug可是a所没有的
我也选了E,看了帖后改投A。同意19楼bose0008说的roofs不可能在a retangle,所以复数roofs肯定错。另外,A这种独立结构实在太象ETS的风格(A很象错的,但语意上最对,可以想象出题的人的狞笑-)。
另外可参照OG122,...characters, each character a miniature calligraphic composition inside its own square frame,如出一辙!
我认为E的错误不在于此。that可以看作是关系代词(同时代poles and arrowweed),后面是定语从句。但即使是用定语从句,也显得罗嗦
E关键用是with修饰不清晰,而且把pole变为了poles也改变了每个只有a pole的原意
我认为E的错误不在于此。that可以看作是关系代词(同时代poles and arrowweed),后面是定语从句。但即使是用定语从句,也显得罗嗦
E关键用是with修饰不清晰,而且把pole变为了poles也改变了每个只有a pole的原意
up~~~~~用with的话~~~就变成with后面的部分去修饰主语the Mojave~~~~这显然不符合逻辑~~~
感觉 that be 结构 在GMAT里几乎全错
up~~~~~用with的话~~~就变成with后面的部分去修饰主语the Mojave~~~~这显然不符合逻辑~~~
A is the best answer........
Although "shades" are a type of dwellings, the part of the sentence is describing the characteristics of the shades: the original sentence would mean:
[...]dwellings known as shades, each [consisting of] a roof of poles...
Arrowweed is some kind of weed that florishes in Mojave's habitant.
TO BE CONCLUDED:
E的问题是,poles and arrowweed也是复数,那么that are究竟修饰谁呢?
each引导的强调型独立主格结构。强调句未的复数名词,形式为:句子+复数名词结尾,each+介词短语/形容词短语/名词短语/-ing形式/-ed形式。
如果使用roofs,这句话的句意是有问题的,因为前面是shades,那到底是一个roof和shade对应还是roofs和shade对应那?a中用each强调每一个roof避免了歧义。
E 的时态确实是个问题,用了现在时态,而主句是过去时。
http://www.uapress.arizona.edu/onlinebks/prophet/industry.htm
从参考文中看出arrowweed不是复数,是单数啊
I think the critical point here is "roof" is translated into "house" or "dwelling" here.
So A may be proper.
I think the critical point here is "roof" is translated into "house" or "dwelling" here.
So A may be proper.
同意
我覺得dwellings 與each a roof都是指房屋
poles與posts意思很像 都是柱子竿子之類的
所以supported by posts應是修飾a roof 所以A滿正確的
逗點後面的each a roof是同位語修飾dwellings
請問 each a 的用法是指 each of which is a 嗎?
還是也可以像56樓說的那便成 each consist of a?
如果不行的話那 A 肯定錯
因為題目裡面有說他的天花板是平的(flat-topped)
如果整個shades, each (of which is) a roof...
那裡面要怎麼住人呢?
所以最重要的是找出 each a 中間省略掉的字可以補上哪些
我覺得應該都是統一補上 (of which is)
google 上的 "each a" 出來的例子好像也都是說 each 前面的複數名詞
每一個都是(is)怎樣怎樣的
Answe: A
Here A is trying to tell us what is "shades", however, E is modifying "shades". If it is the case of E, there should be no "," before "with"
靠,给我个理由为什么D错??????????
我也觉得A对
要说独立主格,E根本不是独立主格,它只是with+名词带着一堆定语而已,所以E的WITH前面没有必要和主句用逗号分开啊.
D就是很标准的独立主格,roofs是里面的主格,可是那么多roofs后面又只是a retangle,所以对应不起来
那就剩A了,A我压根看不懂,从来没听到过each带独立主格的
考试碰到这种题目,就死得笔挺了
晕,开始还以为是arrow的过去分词呢……
我也觉得A对
要说独立主格,E根本不是独立主格,它只是with+名词带着一堆定语而已,所以E的WITH前面没有必要和主句用逗号分开啊.
D就是很标准的独立主格,roofs是里面的主格,可是那么多roofs后面又只是a retangle,所以对应不起来
那就剩A了,A我压根看不懂,从来没听到过each带独立主格的
考试碰到这种题目,就死得笔挺了
MM
句末以each开头的独立主格,可是GMAT中SC的优选答案啊!
靠,给我个理由为什么D错??????????
我个人觉得,如果从句意上理解,就是
shades就是roofs of poles and arrowweed,而不是shades上有roofs of poles and arrowweed
所以不能选D
这道题,我认为,如果没懂句意,不太好做
看见are就把E给排除了。
http://thousandsc.blogspot.com/2006/04/qno309.html
This answer from this website is "A". Not sure if it's reliable or not, though.
我对 A 的理解是 each 是个副词(同 “each” in “cost five dollars each”),后面接一个名词短语,是个独立主格,来说明shades是个什么东西。“Shades就是几根棍子和藤子支起来的一个屋顶”
請教, 為何 each可以接冠詞 "a"? 若答案是each roof我可理解,但是each a 就覺得怪怪的.
謝謝!
在A项中,roof是作为dwellings的同位语,但roof和dwellings不是同类的东西,怎能作为其同位语?
each引导的强调型独立主格结构。强调句未的复数名词,形式为:句子+复数名词结尾,each+介词短语/形容词短语/名词短语/-ing形式/-ed形式。
each在这里指代dwellings,roof不是dwelling的同位语。
根据描述,这种房子就应该是
http://www.uapress.arizona.edu/onlinebks/prophet/industry.htm
中从上往下第三种房子。
dwelling和roof是不同的事物,所以这里只能是独立主格结构。
划线部分的a roof确实需要对应a rectangle,因为这部分应该理解为一个由许多poles和arrowweed组成的顶,这个顶靠许多posts来支撑,这些posts被放置成为一个长方形(根据那个图,顶是长方形的,所以用于支撑的柱子也被放成了长方形)。个人觉得这样就能解决最后一句中出现的各种单复数名词的逻辑关系。
所以最后还是倾向于A,请各位NN指正。
现在的疑问主要集中在A和E上,我倒觉得可以这样看:
文中最后是"supported by posts in a rectangle",单数形式的"rectangle"表明这里说的是一个“shade”,因此A选项的each a roof 更加合理。
继续讨论~
我这道题做过两次,第一次选了A,第二次选了E(在已经不记得第一次做题结果的前提下)
但是根据白勇语法中对于with引导的独立主格结构的说明,with + n + that的用法是不对的
所以应该是选A
(A) each a roof of poles and arrowweed
(B) each a roof of poles and arrowweed that are being
(C) with each being a roof of poles and arrowweed
(D) with roofs of poles and arrowweed to be(A)
(E) with roofs of poles and arrowweed that are
with 可以修饰 known as 也可以修饰 shades 产生修饰歧义
应该是独立主格的“each + -ing”形式:
each being a roof ... 然后省略being吧。
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