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标题: Season 3——manhattan 55 （已点评） [打印本页]
作者: sanlingjie    时间: 2011-11-22 09:20
标题: Season 3——manhattan 55 （已点评）
我每天都会为你们而加油！

55. The bowerbirds of Australia derive their name from the fact that the males build elaborate bowers of sticks and twigs to attract females, decorating them with flowers and other vegetation in a display of courtship.

A   the fact that the males build elaborate bowers of sticks and twigs to attract females, decorating them with flowers and other vegetation

B   the elaborate bowers of sticks and twigs that the males build and decorate with flowers and other vegetation in order to attract females

C   the elaborate bowers of sticks and twigs, decorated with flowers and other vegetation that the males use to attract females

D   the fact that the males build elaborate bowers of sticks and twigs, having decorated them with flowers and other vegetation, to attract females

E   the elaborate bowers of sticks and twigs that are built by the males and decorated with flowers and other vegetation to attract females


The original sentence contains the pronoun "them" but it is not grammatically clear whether the pronoun's antecedent is "bowers of sticks and twigs" or "females." Logically, we know that the antecedent is "bowers", so we need to find a replacement that makes this clear. Moreover, the bowerbird does not derive its name from the fact that it builds bowers, but from the bowers themselves.



(A) This choice is incorrect as it is the same as the original sentence.



(B) CORRECT. This choice rewrites the sentence to make it clear that the name derives from the bowers and not from the fact of building them, and it also eliminates the pronoun "them" and instead refers to "structures" to make the relationship clear.



(C) This choice does not make it clear that the males build the bowers and decorate them. Instead, it seems to suggest that the bowers exist on their own and that the male uses only the flowers and vegetation to attract females.



(D) This choice uses the phrase "having decorated them" improperly. It is not necessary to use "having" in this context because the sentence describes an ongoing event, not one that occurred in the past.



(E) This choice is in the passive voice, which is not preferable to active voice when a grammatical active version (such as B) is also offered.  Moreover, the choice implies that the males only build the bowers.  Since the original sentence clearly indicates that the males also decorate the bowers, this choice changes the meaning unacceptably.


作者: CHRISTINE2010    时间: 2011-11-22 10:19
哇~~今天坐沙发啦~~
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1’35

A: the fact that没有直接用that 简洁。them的指代对象不清楚，可以指代females，也可以指代bowers。

B: Correct

C: that从句修饰的不清楚，放在vegetation后面，感觉像修饰 vegetation似的，但实际上应该修饰的是bowers。

D: having decorated them中，have been没有必要，这里是陈述事实，应该用一般现在时。

E: 同B相比，that从句中用的被动语态，没有主动语态简洁，而且by the males放在and前面，使得decorate的动作发出者不明确，如果必须用被动的话，得把by the males 放在built and decorated…后面。
作者: laiweizhou    时间: 2011-11-22 11:56
应该是B啊
A in a display of courtship做状语修饰decorating不好。 另外derive their name from the elaborate bowers of sticks and twigs 逻辑上比较清晰
Bthe males build and decorate 平行
Cdecorated 就近修饰有歧义 to attract 的对象变为vegetation错误
Dhaving decorated 的时态错误，和前面的句子不平行。另外derive their name from the elaborate bowers of sticks and twigs 逻辑上比较清晰
E是被动。有点wordy
作者: winghyy    时间: 2011-11-22 12:08
让我很纠结的一题啊~ 纠结在B和E
选B
A，decorating them中them可以指代females或bowers，歧义
B，正确
C，that修饰错误，修饰vegetation
D，having完成时，不准确，这是陈述一个现象。
E，逻辑意思上看，are built by the males，后面的decorate with flowers也是males做的，所以意思被改变了

小疑问：在GMAT中in order to=to，能替换使用？
作者: xeyyxzty    时间: 2011-11-22 12:47
55. The bowerbirds of Australia derive their name from the fact that the males build elaborate bowers of sticks and twigs to attract females, decorating them with flowers and other vegetation in a display of courtship.

A   the fact that the males build elaborate bowers of sticks and twigs to attract females, decorating them with flowers and other vegetation
--them歧义，好多复数
B   the elaborate bowers of sticks and twigs that the males build and decorate with flowers and other vegetation in order to attract females
--in order没有必要吧--right
C   the elaborate bowers of sticks and twigs, decorated with flowers and other vegetation that the males use to attract females
--that修饰错了
D   the fact that the males build elaborate bowers of sticks and twigs, having decorated them with flowers and other vegetation, to attract females
--having done没有意义
E   the elaborate bowers of sticks and twigs that are built by the males and decorated with flowers and other vegetation to attract females
--and是否会产生歧义？？？不确定
作者: jofre    时间: 2011-11-22 14:09
55. The bowerbirds of Australia derive their name from the fact that the males build elaborate bowers of sticks and twigs to attract females, decorating them with flowers and other vegetation in a display of courtship.
A   the fact that the males build elaborate bowers of sticks and twigs to attract females, decorating them with flowers and other vegetation
B   the elaborate bowers of sticks and twigs that the males build and decorate with flowers and other vegetation in order to attract females
C   the elaborate bowers of sticks and twigs, decorated with flowers and other vegetation that the males use to attract females
D   the fact that the males build elaborate bowers of sticks and twigs, having decorated them with flowers and other vegetation, to attract females
E   the elaborate bowers of sticks and twigs that are built by the males and decorated with flowers and other vegetation to attract females

纠结，感觉都有错，还是选B吧

A选项：decorating分词逻辑主语可能为the bowerbirds或the males；them语法上指代对象应该和之前的their相同，即为bowerbirds，逻辑上应该是bowers；
B选项：是整个fact而不是the elaborate bowers导致命名；in order to没有to简洁；
C选项：是整个fact而不是the elaborate bowers导致命名；that从句修饰flowers and other vegetation，逻辑错；decorated分词短语在句尾，优先修饰最近名词sticks and twigs，逻辑错；
D选项：分词用having decorated表示decorate动作在build之前，错；them语法上指代对象应该和之前的their相同，即为bowerbirds，逻辑上应该是bowers；to attract females很短，可直接跟在主句后而非放在一段很长的插入语之后；
E选项：that are省略后更简洁；by the males放在decorate前，感觉decorate不是males做的；to attract females修饰对象不清，可能是decorate，可能是build和decorate；主动语态优于被动语态
作者: 南瓜0729    时间: 2011-11-22 14:33
选B
A them指代模糊 decorating修饰模糊
B correct
C that 修饰vegetation 意思改变
D，to attract is awkward. ，having decorated时态不好
E 被动没有主动好
作者: Jane412    时间: 2011-11-22 14:34
占坑。。
作者: vanchaser    时间: 2011-11-22 16:12
我选B。
A选项的decorating修饰会有歧义，them指代也会有歧义。而且the fact that感觉不对，比如说，“鸟巢”体育馆叫“鸟巢”，是因为体育馆的外形像鸟巢，如果说是因为...这样一个事实，感觉wordy或是unidiom。
C选项 decorated因为前面有了逗号，修饰有歧义，且the males 不是用flowers and other vegetation去吸引女性，而是 the elaborate bowers of sticks and twigs。
D选项the fact that感觉不对，wordy。
E选项的that are应该多余了。
作者: guotonghao123    时间: 2011-11-22 16:32
这个题应该选 B 吧
作者: HarrisZheng    时间: 2011-11-22 21:07
e选项的歧义太多
作者: corneliaflower    时间: 2011-11-23 00:40
55. The bowerbirds of Australia derive their name from the fact that the males build elaborate bowers of sticks and twigs to attract females, decorating them with flowers and other vegetation in a display of courtship.

A   the fact that the males build elaborate bowers of sticks and twigs to attract females, decorating them with flowers and other vegetation
B   the elaborate bowers of sticks and twigs that the males build and decorate with flowers and other vegetation in order to attract females
C   the elaborate bowers of sticks and twigs, decorated with flowers and other vegetation that the males use to attract females
D   the fact that the males build elaborate bowers of sticks and twigs, having decorated them with flowers and other vegetation, to attract females
E   the elaborate bowers of sticks and twigs that are built by the males and decorated with flowers and other vegetation to attract females

Answer: B
语意出发 纵观原文实际讲的是bowerbirds的得名是由于雄性为吸引雌性而造的the elaborate bowers
看各分句的关系和逻辑可迅速得出B
逐选项分析:
 A decorating修饰谁呢？them又指的谁呢？ 意思上在说the elaborate bowers，中间又隔着长长的目的
 C 雄性吸引雌性的目的是主干意思，放在decorated分句中表达不好。
 D having decorated错，意思上并没有谁先谁后的表示
 E 意思上没有强调出雄性为雌性建造这一层，而是直接吧to attract接在the elaborate bowers of sticks and twigs 的意思后面（不知道说清楚没？）语法上that are多余，且被动不如主动好。
作者: balapupu    时间: 2011-12-13 10:49
The bowerbirds of Australia derive their name from the fact that the males build elaborate bowers of sticks and twigs to attract females, decorating them with flowers and other vegetation in a display of courtship.

A   the fact that the males build elaborate bowers of sticks and twigs to attract females, decorating them with flowers and other vegetation-->这里的them指代有歧义。

B   the elaborate bowers of sticks and twigs that the males build and decorate with flowers and other vegetation in order to attract females-->that 这里有限定修饰twigs的歧义。

C   the elaborate bowers of sticks and twigs, decorated with flowers and other vegetation that the males use to attract females-->that 有修饰vegetation的歧义.

D   the fact that the males build elaborate bowers of sticks and twigs, having decorated them with flowers and other vegetation, to attract females-->having 冗余，them指代有歧义。

E   the elaborate bowers of sticks and twigs that are built by the males and decorated with flowers and other vegetation to attract females-->句子一个主动一个被动不平行。。。
额。。。。选不出来了。。
作者: balapupu    时间: 2011-12-13 11:02
这道题很经典啊~~~注意，这里的逻辑意思和平时的题是不一样的，我一开始就是想反了，想成了得名是因为这件事~~“Moreover, the bowerbird does not derive its name from the fact that it builds bowers, but from the bowers themselves. ”答案的解析需要好好领会，这里这个鸟得名，不是因为它建造了B，而且因为B本身，这里要好好揣摩作者的意思，我看到其他同学也提到C选项有that修饰歧义的问题，但是B选项同理不是也应该有么？这个问题求解释。。。
作者: maxiv    时间: 2011-12-29 17:48
55. The bowerbirds of Australia derive their name from the fact that the males build elaborate bowers of sticks and twigs to attract females, decorating them with flowers and other vegetation in a display of courtship.

A   the fact that the males build elaborate bowers of sticks and twigs to attract females, decorating them with flowers and other vegetation
them指代不清

B   the elaborate bowers of sticks and twigs that the males build and decorate with flowers and other vegetation in order to attract females
没法从bowers里面derive name哈

C   the elaborate bowers of sticks and twigs, decorated with flowers and other vegetation that the males use to attract females
没法从bowers里面derive name哈

D   the fact that the males build elaborate bowers of sticks and twigs, having decorated them with flowers and other vegetation, to attract females
flower变成插入语了，失去了与courtship的关联

E   the elaborate bowers of sticks and twigs that are built by the males and decorated with flowers and other vegetation to attract females
对


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[tr]  [td=710]1，看到了“having”的用法。This choice uses the phrase  "having decorated them" improperly. It is not necessary to use  "having" in this context because the sentence describes an ongoing  event, not one that occurred in the past.
   2，如果选项中verb的位置改变了，一定要确认verb是否还属于原来的主语。
   如that are built by the males and decorated with  flowers and other vegetation中，decorated的subj就不是males了，不知道是谁。[/td][/tr]
作者: hexiaomu77    时间: 2011-12-29 18:14
5楼亮了 大牛 原来这么多语法点
作者: Monica2020    时间: 2019-8-5 11:07
感谢分享！之前做题都没注意E有这个错误点
作者: lark9213    时间: 2019-10-12 16:11
"Ah yes. If the explanation is discriminating based on THAT distinction, then ... well, it's the wrong explanation. You're correct to point out that the modifiers in B and E are constructed in essentially the same way. What's more, they're both fine - when you have a construction involving 'an X of Y', or, in general, 'X (preposition) Y', it's possible for the modifier to refer to EITHER 'Y' or the entire phrase 'X (preposition) Y'. We've seen copious examples of this on official problems.

We will attend to the problem in the explanation; thank you for calling attention to it.

The real problem with choice E is one of meaning. Specifically, it says 'built by the males and decorated with flowers and other vegetation'. That's a problem, because it doesn't carry the intended meaning: i.e., that the males decorate the bowers in addition to building them. In fact, this wording seems to imply that the males aren't the ones that decorate the bowers, because the sentence goes to the pain of specifically saying 'built by the males' before mentioning the decoration (by some anonymous/unknown agent). Since the original sentence clearly implies that the males both build and decorate the bowers - and you aren't supposed to change the meaning of a sentence unless the original is nonsense - you have to stick with that."------From Ron



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