难怪偶当初看不出A的毛病,发现自己也常喜欢写那种结构不紧凑,又累赘的英文句子
....不知道有什么方法可以改进吗?1. More than fifty years after the Second World War,a number of African American soldiers were awarded---some of them posthumously---with the Congressional Medal of Honor, which was the nation's highest military award, and which was long overdue in recognition of their outstanding bravery.
B. with the Congressional Medal of Honor,the nation's highest military award for long-overdue
C. the Congressional Medal of Honor, which was the nation's highest award, long-overdue in
D. the Congressional Medal of Honor, the nation's highest award, the nation's highest military award for long-overdue
E. the Congressional Medal of Honor, the nation's highest award, in long-overdue
我选E.
2. Responding to the public’s fascination with----and sometimes undue alarm over-possible threats from asteroids, a scale developed by astronomers rates the likelihood that a particular asteroid or comet may collide with Earth.
B. a scale that astronomers have developed rates how likely it is for a particular asteroid or comet to
C. astronomers have developed a scale to rate how likely a particular asteroid or comet will be to
D. astronomers have developed a scale for rating the likelihood that a particular asteroid or comet will
E. astronomers have developed a scale that rates the likelihood of a particular asteroid or comet that may
我选D。
3. In 1981 children in the
B. chores; by 1997 that figure had grown to nearly six hours a week
C. chores, whereas nearly six hours a week were spent in 1997
D. chores, compared with a figure of nearly six hours a week in 1997
E. chores, that figure growing to nearly six hours a week in 1997
我选E。
4. In little more than a decade, Argentina has become the world’s leading exporter of honey, with nearly 90000 tons a year sold to foreign markets, almost half of which going to the United States.
E. selling nearly 90000 tons a year to foreign markets, with almost half going
我选E。但给的答案是A。我觉得A中的which不对。
因为B，C，D都有明显的错误，我就不打了。请见谅。
5. Sound can travel through water for enormous distances, prevented from dissipating its acoustic energy as a result of boundaries in the ocean created by water layers of different temperature and densities.
B. prevented from having its acoustic energy dissipated by
C. its acoustic energy prevented from dissipating by
D. its acoustic energy prevented from being dissipated as a result of
E. preventing its acoustic energy from dissipating by
我选C。
多多指教和讨论。谢谢。
1 - 赞成；
2 - 赞成；
3 - 我选B；E无论从独立主格、时态还是平行角度，我认为都不好；
4 - 赞成；
5 - 赞成；但是此题的A和C在意思上有差距，所以我认为此题不好。
再请教 stoneren GG:
3. B中： in 1981,....用一般过去时，而by 1997.....反而用过去完成时？这是为什么呢？
版主能给偶解释下第四题吗?上次就没搞懂滴说
那么E错在什么地方呢？这个独立主格不好在什么地方呢？谢谢stoneren GG.
版主能给偶解释下第四题吗?上次就没搞懂滴说
4. In little more than a decade, Argentina has become the world’s leading exporter of honey, with nearly 90000 tons a year sold to foreign markets, almost half of which going to the United States.
E. selling nearly 90000 tons a year to foreign markets, with almost half going
A中tons a year sold to的表达不好，a year插在句子中间造成句子结构不紧凑；almost half of which的独立主格结构中which指代模糊；而且，划线部分两个独立主格结构也使得句子的结构过于笨重。
E中selling现分作状语修饰主句，a year放在动宾结构后比较合理；
那么E错在什么地方呢？这个独立主格不好在什么地方呢？谢谢stoneren GG.
3. In 1981 children in the
B. chores; by 1997 that figure had grown to nearly six hours a week
C. chores, whereas nearly six hours a week were spent in 1997
D. chores, compared with a figure of nearly six hours a week in 1997
E. chores, that figure growing to nearly six hours a week in 1997
个人认为，E的独立主格本身没有什么问题，E的缺点在于：
1－独立主格的作用是状语，而状语不是主句核心成分，所以E改变了A的句子重心；
2－对于句子结构的平行，B的In1981 ...; by 1997 ... 相比更好；
3－由于独立主格结构的制约，E无法精确表达A所暗示的时态；
是不是可以说“by +一个表过去的时间点”，引导的谓语时态一定要用过去完成时？
我以前一直记着的观念就是：只有在 有一般过去时做参照，且发生在那个一般过去时之前，才能用过去完成时。一直都没注意到by....关联的这个时态。
还有：对于这道题，in 1981....spent....而by 1997, 用过去完成时。by 1997表从1997之前到1997止这段时间。。那么从1981到1997之间这段时间也落在这个时间段里。而1981比这个时间段还早，用一般过去时，那么从1981到1997之间这段时间用过去完成时，妥吗？总感觉怪怪的。
谢谢stoneren GG.
对于状语,补语或者独立主格这样的名词突然感到很陌生了.....可以从词本身体会意思吧....但老实说,这么多年下来没用中文上语法课之后,真的有种似乎相识,又不相认的感觉......
很感谢版主的回复,不仅提醒偶, 还很悉心的把题目也复制了下来.....让偶回想起了当年的英语老师......也发现自己写文章时的一个毛病,
难怪偶当初看不出A的毛病,发现自己也常喜欢写那种结构不紧凑,又累赘的英文句子....不知道有什么方法可以改进吗?
juanMM
No.2 answer should be B: how a comet will be likely to...
N0.3 Choice E changes without reason the focus of the original sentence, the second element is not a surplus added to the first one. However, I do not agree on choice B, because of "had grown", for there is no reason to consider what happened in 1997 even earlier than what happened in the 1980's. I will vote for A, because there will be children anywhere in united states in any time.
谢谢marie MM.
再请教：
2. Responding to the public’s fascination with----and sometimes undue alarm over-possible threats from asteroids, a scale developed by astronomers rates the likelihood that a particular asteroid or comet may collide with Earth.
B. a scale that astronomers have developed rates how likely it is for a particular asteroid or comet to
C. astronomers have developed a scale to rate how likely a particular asteroid or comet will be to ----develop a scale to rate ...好象rate的逻辑主语是astronomers,逻辑上不对。
D. astronomers have developed a scale for rating the likelihood that a particular asteroid or comet will ----develop a scale for rating ....用for doing sth解释说明a scale的目的，也没有逻辑主语的问题。
E. astronomers have developed a scale that rates the likelihood of a particular asteroid or comet that may
我还是觉得要选D，而不是C。
3. In 1981 children in the
B. chores; by 1997 that figure had grown to nearly six hours a week
C. chores, whereas nearly six hours a week were spent in 1997
D. chores, compared with a figure of nearly six hours a week in 1997
E. chores, that figure growing to nearly six hours a week in 1997
3. In 1981 children in the
B. chores; by 1997 that figure had grown to nearly six hours a week
C. chores, whereas nearly six hours a week were spent in 1997
D. chores, compared with a figure of nearly six hours a week in 1997
E. chores, that figure growing to nearly six hours a week in 1997
我选E。
偶选E。
A中的they 指代有歧义，是指前面的1981年的children 还是在1997年时的children？请参考下面大全中的一题，注意两者是有区别的，下面例题中的they是有限定说明的。
还有by 1997与前面的In 1981不对称。
1. In Japan elderly people are treated with far greater respect than most Western countries.
(A) most Western countries
(B) most Western countries do
(C) most Western countries are
(D) they do in most Western countries（E）
(E) they are in most Western countries
B.错在时态上。明显的先后时间顺序与时态搭配错误。
E. 独立主格结构，平行对称。
这题以前讨论过的，偶去找找。
哎呀，没有找到。
juan mm，可不可以表明一下题目的来源呢？谢谢！
3. In 1981 children in the
B. chores; by 1997 that figure had grown to nearly six hours a week
E. chores, that figure growing to nearly six hours a week in 1997
我选E。
偶选E。
A中的they 指代有歧义，是指前面的1981年的children 还是在1997年时的children？请参考下面大全中的一题，注意两者是有区别的，下面例题中的they是有限定说明的。
还有by 1997与前面的In 1981不对称。不赞成，都是表时间做状语，为何不对称？
E. 独立主格结构，平行对称。但是独立主格一般做状语，这个状语在这里又如何理解呢？
这题以前讨论过的，偶去找找。
哎呀，没有找到。
juan mm，可不可以表明一下题目的来源呢？谢谢！
还有by 1997与前面的In 1981不对称。不赞成，都是表时间做状语，为何不对称？
－ by 1997与In 1981比跟In 1997与In 1981哪个更平行对称？
E. 独立主格结构，平行对称。但是独立主格一般做状语，这个状语在这里又如何理解呢？
We normally explain absolute phrases by saying that they modify entire sentences, rather than one word. This is an important concept, since many similar phrases that we work with modify other words. -Cited from Mariezhu's post of Absolute Phrases.
The answer should be B;
For example:
By 1984,that number had grown to almost 20 million.
Pay attention to the word " grow".
表示比较呀。
以上都是偶的个人观点，大家继续讨论。
以前讨论过这题，若谁有连接，烦请贴上来供大家参考。谢谢！
（忘了当时是否参与讨论，投了哪个选项，反正现在偶投E）
偶觉得这条规则只适用于现在分词做定语修饰名词；而这里是一种非谓语形式，只须考虑与前面的名词是主动或被动的逻辑关系。
我觉得E中的独立主格是可以的。我原来也选E。
听了stonren GG的解释后觉得有理。A中的过去完成时更准确地表达出by 1997的动作时态。也扩展了我原来对过去完成时的认识。过去完成时不仅可以表示过去的过去，还表示在过去发生，过去结束的动作。A就是表示了过去发生到过去为止的动作----从过去到1997年止。
grow这个词本身就表示一种动作的持续性，类似的动词有continue,become等，而在表示grow to ...这个意思是本身就代表着这个动作从过去某个时间开始到某个时间之间这个动作的过程。所以时态上只能是完成时态。
举几个例子：
Its readership has grown to over 15,000 subscribers...
OG2:
Since 1981, when the farm depression began, the number of acres overseen by professional farm-management companies have grown from 48 million to nearly 59 million, an area that is about Colorado’s size.
(C) has grown from 48 million to nearly 59 million, an area about the size of Colorado
grow这个词本身就表示一种动作的持续性，类似的动词有continue,become等，而在表示grow to ...这个意思是本身就代表着这个动作从过去某个时间开始到某个时间之间这个动作的过程。所以时态上只能是完成时态。
这点完全不同意的说！大全里的例子有：
1. As business grows more complex, students majoring in specialized areas like those of finance and marketing have been becoming increasingly successful in the job market.
(A) majoring in specialized areas like those of finance and marketing have been becoming increasingly
(B) who major in such specialized areas as finance and marketing are becoming more and more
(C) who majored in specialized areas such as those of finance and marketing are being increasingly
(D) who major in specialized areas like those of finance and marketing have been becoming more and more（B）
(E) having majored in such specialized areas as finance and marketing are being increasingly
这点完全不同意的说！大全里的例子有：
1. As business grows more complex, students majoring in specialized areas like those of finance and marketing have been becoming increasingly successful in the job market.
(A) majoring in specialized areas like those of finance and marketing have been becoming increasingly
(B) who major in such specialized areas as finance and marketing are becoming more and more
(C) who majored in specialized areas such as those of finance and marketing are being increasingly
(D) who major in specialized areas like those of finance and marketing have been becoming more and more（B）
(E) having majored in such specialized areas as finance and marketing are being increasingly
你举的这个例子恰恰说明了grow这个动作的持续性。grow和grow... to不同，to后面连接的是一个具体的多少，也就代表着一个具体的时间点。As business grows more complex，more complex本身就是泛泛而指，而这里的grows恰恰表达了这个动作的过程。这样的例子还有很多，我想大家还是自己到字典里去看例句吧！
3. In 1981 children in the
B. chores; by 1997 that figure had grown to nearly six hours a week
C. chores, whereas nearly six hours a week were spent in 1997
D. chores, compared with a figure of nearly six hours a week in 1997
E. chores, that figure growing to nearly six hours a week in 1997 讨论很精彩。 我会选B，和stoneren一样。从语法上讲，B和E都可以。但是从语义上分析，B是并列，而E是从属。我觉得并列更加符合逻辑。 请指正。
tianwan大N也选B呀。
可是还是想不通！
以后再想了。
谢谢marie MM.
再请教：
2. Responding to the public’s fascination with----and sometimes undue alarm over-possible threats from asteroids, a scale developed by astronomers rates the likelihood that a particular asteroid or comet may collide with Earth.
B. a scale that astronomers have developed rates how likely it is for a particular asteroid or comet to
C. astronomers have developed a scale to rate how likely a particular asteroid or comet will be to ----develop a scale to rate ...好象rate的逻辑主语是astronomers,逻辑上不对。偶认为这个rate本来就是astronomer研制出来用于rate。。的，所以逻辑主语是astronomer完全没有问题。另外偶还是认为在to和for的问题上，ets似乎倾向于选择to，因为后面跟的是动词rate
D. astronomers have developed a scale for rating the likelihood that a particular asteroid or comet will ----develop a scale for rating ....用for doing sth解释说明a scale的目的，也没有逻辑主语的问题。
E. astronomers have developed a scale that rates the likelihood of a particular asteroid or comet that may
我还是觉得要选D，而不是C。
3. In 1981 children in the
欢迎大家讨论这一题（偶觉得b最大的问题是不知道是谁spent。。。这种形式似乎ets并不喜欢）
B. chores; by 1997 that figure had grown to nearly six hours a week
C. chores, whereas nearly six hours a week were spent in 1997
D. chores, compared with a figure of nearly six hours a week in 1997
E. chores, that figure growing to nearly six hours a week in 1997
2. to do sth.表目的，for doing sth,表用途。我觉得这里的逻辑意思是astronomers开发 a scale是为了将the scale用于doing sth.只有a scale才能rate sth,astronomers是不能rate sth. 的。
就象以前我问过stoneren GG的一题：something provides the evidence to support sth./something provides the evidence for supporting sth.一样，当时答案应该是选后者for doing sth.
3.选A的话，in 1997,....后面用现在完成时我觉得不妥。而且代词 they的指代我还是觉得不好。elder people in Japan那道题，记得以前讨论过，说那题正确选项的代词指代确实不好，只是没办法，矮子里面选高个，比较地选出了那个答案。
多多讨论。
3. In 1981 children in the
欢迎大家讨论这一题（偶觉得b最大的问题是不知道是谁spent。。。这种形式似乎ets并不喜欢）
B. chores; by 1997 that figure had grown to nearly six hours a week
C. chores, whereas nearly six hours a week were spent in 1997
D. chores, compared with a figure of nearly six hours a week in 1997
E. chores, that figure growing to nearly six hours a week in 1997
但是这个six hours were spent in 1997并没有明确动作的施动者，到底是美国孩子们，还是美国人？
我觉得这种施动者不明晰的句子不太可能成为正确答案
但是这个six hours were spent in 1997并没有明确动作的施动者，到底是美国孩子们，还是美国人？
我觉得这种施动者不明晰的句子不太可能成为正确答案
你看到C上去了。B中用了that figure。
天~~~NN全出动了.....一个比一个厉害
anyway,第三题肯定B了,没什么能多解释了......NN们让我想起以前自己的英文家教啊~~~
怀念ING
3. In 1981 children in the
B. chores; by 1997 that figure had grown to nearly six hours a week
C. chores, whereas nearly six hours a week were spent in 1997
D. chores, compared with a figure of nearly six hours a week in 1997
E. chores, that figure growing to nearly six hours a week in 1997
我选E。
这题我同意juan mm选E. A里面的现在完成时态不对，从句子意思是仅仅指97年的数据，没有延续至今的含义。B的过去完成时态不对，81年用过去时，97年用过去完成时，过去完成时的含义是指过去的过去，那么97年比81年还要过去。C的问题marie mm都说了。走投无路下，我选E. E虽然也有些问题，但是不致命.
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