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标题: 大全433 [打印本页]
作者: mianmian 时间: 2004-7-24 11:52
标题: 大全433
Intended primarily to stimulate family summer travel, the new airfare, which allows both an adult and a child to fly for the price of one ticket, and also shortens the advance-purchase requirement for family travel to a minimum of seven days rather than fourteen.
(A) and also shortens the advance-purchase requirement for family travel to a minimum of seven days rather than
(B) and also lessens the advance-purchase requirement for family travel to a seven-day minimum from
(C) also shortens the advance-purchase requirement for family travel to a minimum of seven days rather than that of
(D) also lessens the advance-purchase requirement for family travel to a seven-day minimum from
(E) also shortens the advance-purchase requirement for family travel to a minimum of seven days rather than
答案E
这题,用shorten修饰requirement我实在觉得牵强,所以把shortens排除了,请问,此题为何选e, d 的错误难道是前人所说from to的顺序不能颠倒吗?
作者: mianmian 时间: 2004-7-25 10:36
……这个……
作者: blur 时间: 2004-9-27 05:58
up.
作者: paopao 时间: 2004-9-27 07:01
1. shorten the requirement of time is logic , while we use lessen the effect
2. in D it is illogically to compare minimum with fourteen , whereas E compare seven days with fourteen days.
3. fixed idiom: from ..to ...
作者: flyingwithdream 时间: 2005-7-10 10:19
also 是副词, 不能作连词的啊, 为什么 E 选项中用 also 作连词?
谢谢!
作者: 潜龙勿用 时间: 2005-7-10 14:52
以下是引用flyingwithdream在2005-7-10 10:19:00的发言:also 是副词, 不能作连词的啊, 为什么 E 选项中用 also 作连词?
谢谢!
谁说E 选项中用 also 作连词了? 在E中, and 是连词, also 仍是副词.
作者: flyingwithdream 时间: 2005-7-10 15:20
总算看明白这道题目的结构了,填入正确答案以后的结构是:
Intended primarily to stimulate family summer travel, the new airfare(主语), which allows both an adult and a child to fly for the price of one ticket(定语), also shortens(谓语) the advance-purchase requirement for family travel to a minimum of seven days rather than fourteen.
所以在also之前加'and'反而不对, 因为shortens是这个句子的唯一谓语!
谢谢各位让我在不断的讨论之中搞清楚了这道题目~~!
作者: tania 时间: 2005-7-11 20:24
我对为何不能选d的思考:
a minimum of 是修饰seven days 的,所以可用a minimum of seven days rather than fourteen,前后对比对象相同;而a seven-day minimum 结构中,seven-day 是修饰语,不能使用from fourteen to a seven-day minumum,因为前后对象不对等,前面是天数,后面是minumum,所以d选项是错误的,e选项正确。
作者: huaxinzhu 时间: 2006-2-13 04:17
up
作者: gyan 时间: 2007-8-5 09:35
翻旧帖子出来, 老问题还是没搞清, 能说shorten requirement? 个人理解shorten是缩短有度量的名词, 如时间,距离。 如果牵强要说是shorten requirementof time也不准确,毕竟requirment是主词。 问了老外, 说没听过shorten requirment, 有lower requirement or lessen requirement.
烦请NN花时间指点一下迷津
作者: gyan 时间: 2007-8-5 23:56
ding
作者: gyan 时间: 2007-8-6 00:35
顶一下, 没人回答么?
作者: gyan 时间: 2007-8-6 05:19
三顶
作者: springsound 时间: 2008-7-25 14:40
以下是引用gyan在2007-8-5 9:35:00的发言:翻旧帖子出来, 老问题还是没搞清, 能说shorten requirement? 个人理解shorten是缩短有度量的名词, 如时间,距离。 如果牵强要说是shorten requirementof time也不准确,毕竟requirment是主词。 问了老外, 说没听过shorten requirment, 有lower requirement or lessen requirement.
烦请NN花时间指点一下迷津
同问同问~~~~
作者: 年华无声 时间: 2009-7-18 01:31
我也觉得应该用lessen~可是B和D又确实不对~
作者: egoislwlv 时间: 2011-10-28 12:36
2011 10 28, 14:48 更新: minimum的部分现在回过头来一看,大错特错了,大家当笑料看吧,
关于排除D选项的原因,我还是很有自信的。
有位同学开了一个贴,发了几道题,希望讨论,433是其中一道,我写了一篇自己总结的解释,现在粘贴一份过来。
表达能力有限,所以如果您还是看不懂我说的是什么的话,可以加我QQ, (号在签名档有),我可以语音给您解释一下。
希望大家对于我在回复中重点解释的minimum用法多提意见!
欢迎各种邮件和QQ !!(地址在签名档)
433 机票预购
433 Intended primarily to stimulate family summer travel, the new airfare, which allows both an adult and a child to fly for the price of one ticket, and also shortens the advance-purchase requirement for family travel to a minimum of seven days rather than fourteen.
(A) and also shortens the advance-purchase requirement for family travel to a minimum of seven days rather than
(B) and also lessens the advance-purchase requirement for family travel to a seven-day minimum from
(C) also shortens the advance-purchase requirement for family travel to a minimum of seven days rather than that of
(D) also lessens the advance-purchase requirement for family travel to a seven-day minimum from
(E) also shortens the advance-purchase requirement for family travel to a minimum of seven days rather than
分析句子结构:(我们从C D & E三项,没有and的结构入手)
the new airfare (主语), which allows ..., also shortens (谓语) requirement (宾语)to ...
首先来分析A B 两项。
如果有and,and后紧跟谓语动词,我们判断and是在连接两个谓语动词。于是对于句子结构,有两种解读。
case 1:and 连接了动词 allow 和 shorten,则shorten成为定语从句 ‘which... ’的谓语,则主句缺少谓语动词。排除case 1.
case 2:为了避免主句缺乏谓语的情况出现,我们只能认为shorten是主句谓语,从而and连接两个主句谓语,但是在shorten前没有一个并列的主句谓语。排除case2.
所以A B两项的and在这里不合法。排除 A B
分析C D E三项。
语法点在于minimum的使用。
首先我们来分析两个例子:(来自韦氏学习字典(在线版)的minimum词条)
#1 Ten years is the minimum needed.
#2 She will serve a minimum of 10 years in jail。
我们发现一个问题,同样是 minimum + 限定词,为什么一个用定冠词'the', 一个用不定冠词'a'?
我们分析一下语义:
the minimum needed:所必需的最小值。
同理:那么我们能不能说 ‘a minimum of 10 years’ 意思是:‘十年的最小值’呢?
听上去很蹩脚。原因是其语义发生了变化。
‘a minimum of 10 years’ 所要表达是:‘10年,作为一个最小值’的意思,而不是;‘十年中的最小值’。
如果我们认为 '10 years' 就是在修饰 'minimum',强调minimum是中心词的话。那么我们所表达的意思就成了:
她要在监狱服刑。服刑期限是一个最少期限的。多久呢?十年。意味着她只服刑10年。
再比如例子:
The restuarant requires a minimum of 30 dollars for each dinner.
如果我们认为 ‘minimum’被 ‘30 dollars’ 修饰作为宾语结构的中心词的话,句子意思变成是
饭店要求每位顾客都必须进行最低消费,不能超过或低于30刀。
所以我们可以得出结论:
a minimum of 10 years = 10 years, at a/the minimum。
a minimum of 30 dollars = 30 dollars, at a/the minimum。
a minimum of 7 days = 7 days, at a/the minimum。
我们再来看一个例子:(from the War and Peace)
With a minimum of effort and insignificant losses, despite the greatest confusion, the most important results of the whole campaign were attained: the transition from
retreat to advance, an exposure of the weakness of the French, and the administration of that shock which Napoleon's army had only awaited to begin its flight.
我们发现,介词with跟随了 a minimum of effort 和 insignificant losses。这里指的是最少的努力effort 和最少的损失 'a minimum of' 在限定 'effort & losses'。而不是 'effort & losses' 限定 'a minimum'
a minimum of 限定名词的方式类似于:
#3 A number of students are coming to the conference.
#4 A great deal of students are coming to the conference.
这里我们不会把 'a numeber','a great deal'视为句子主语,而是把'student' 视为句子主语,所以谓语动词使用复数形式。
回到原题,'a minimum of 7 days' 中 'a minimum of' 限定 '7 days'。而不是 '7 days' 限定 'a minimum'。
所以句子
回到C,E项:我们发现,这里所比较的还是 '7days' 和 '14days'。不是 'minimum of...'
所以rather than that of four days的错误在于:误认为 '7 days' 和 '14 days' 在限定 'minimum' 。从而误认为我们也可以用that of 14days来作为minimum of 14days的省略。
其错误如同使用 'that of students' 来作为 'a number of students' 的省略一样。
所以排除C
D项中的 'a 7-day minimum',day在这里使用了单数形式, 明确了 '7-day' 是一个形容词,修饰 minimum。
于是 'lessen the requiremet to... from...' 中的‘to’ 的宾语是 minimum。
我们先假定句子的语义是没有问题的。
我们发现,'lessen ...to ... from ...' 表示 '把 ... 从... 减少到 ... '
‘from .... to... 在这里连接两个并列的结构,但是把D项带入主句中之后,我们发现, from ... to...连接的是 'a 7-day minimum' 和' fourteen'
我们只能认为'fourteen' 是一个省略结构,但是上文中与之对应的seven却不是一个完整的单词,它是seven-day这个单词的一个表意成分。
所以fourteen无法还原成fourteen-day minimum, 所以排除D项。
选择 E
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