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标题: 新GRE阅读36套答案及讲解(CD制造) [打印本页]

作者: 普渡哥    时间: 2011-11-14 03:04
标题: 新GRE阅读36套答案及讲解(CD制造)
EXERCISE 1

1.
第一题定位到文章最后一句话,结合文章主旨直接得出答案。
A.
新内容,same time;
B.
新内容,manipulate;(注:sought是seek(寻求)的过去式;)
C.
答案;
D.
新内容,game theory(实际上该文是由长阅读截取的,未保留的部门是有涉及博弈论的内容的), later development;
E.
虽然貌似一直都在说reproduction,但是文章主旨是强调sex ratios;

2.
回答问题多选题:

A.
文章没有任何数字;
B.
定位第五行:
“A female stores sperm and can determine the sex of each egg shelays”


C.
文章后半部分并没有涉及到“卵在别人家孩子肚子里的这种情况”的具体性别比例。

3.
EXCEPT题
A.
定位第五行:
“A female stores sperm and can determine the sex of each egg shelays”
B.
定位在12行:  
“Hamilton, noting that the eggs develop within their host—the larvaof another insect”;
C.
定位到17行:
“because this one male could fertilize all his sisters on emergence”,也就是说,在同一个幼虫体内长大的兄弟姐妹们是可以互相交配的,事实上只有一个兄弟就够了。
D.
Female手里有sperm(杀夫取精),生男生女看心情,只要有她在,就不会灭绝。
E.
定位在L13,“the newly emerged adult wasps mate immediately”

4.

EXCEPT题:
A.
定位L7:“establish the existence of an inordinately wealthy class.”
B.
注意L11的不能self-made和
不能increasing holding是两个概念,文中的富二代们直接继承家产就是一个很好的例子。
C.
定位L9,“Though active in commerce or the professions”(再次在转折让步中设问)
D.
这个是self-made的准确重复了。
E.
定位L12,“In no sense mercurial, these great fortunes survived the financialpanics”,其中“in no sense”表示一种否定强调,“mercurial”在填空题中考过,源于“Mercury”罗马神话中的墨丘利,希腊神话中的赫尔墨斯(Hermes),
由于墨丘利口才出众,聪颖过人但又喜欢偷东西,所以有eloquence, ingenuity, orthievishness三个意思;正是因为具有聪明狡诈的商人特点,被奉为商业(merchant)之神;同时又因为墨丘利跑的很快(脚上穿着NIKE飞行靴),所以又有了rapid and unpredictablechangeableness of mood的意思,所以太阳系中离太阳最近,跑的最快的行星-水星,由他的名字命名,这里用的是变幻莫测的含义(老G填空考的也是这个意思),指的是在金融危机中,这些富人们,没有发生一丁点儿变化,毫发无伤的感觉。

5.
文章首先从正向介绍了P的观点,L16出现了转折之后,开始表达出了作者做P人的负评价,五个选项中只有E选项涵盖正负两层的含义。

6.
逻辑题:
定位L4:“The amount of energy that can be produced anaerobicallyis a function of the amount of glycogen present—in all vertebrates about 0.5 percentof their muscles’ wet weight.”
我们可以从中知道amount of anaerobic energy
和muscles wet weight正相关,
题目中问的如果amount of anaerobic energy和vertebrate’s size)
正相关,基于的假设很明显当然是muscles wet weight和
vertebrate’s size的正相关。

7.
A. 定位第一句话;
B.定位最后一句话,注意这里的“such as”指的是“inherited from predecessors”这个行为,这种关系而不是单指“predecessors”;
C. besides的M人就没有be of high aesthetic value,更何况其他人呢,排除;

8.
定位L40,“but few listeners or musicologists would include these among the greatworks of music”
并不是一种十分强烈的负评价的感觉,所以marked indifference最合适。

9.
*定位L13,“Innovative science produces newpropositions in terms of which diverse phenomena can be related to one anotherin more coherent ways.”
“Generalization” 重复 “diverse phenomena can be related toone another in more coherent ways”

10.
问最后一段,排除法:
A.
新内容,Stravinsky 这个人是从哪儿冒出来的?
B.
L49的“he was an incomparablestrategist who exploited limits in strikingly original ways”无不体现出一种对后辈的赞美,和选项中的态度吻合。
C.
On the other hand(L43)告诉我们他们是不同的;
D.
新内容,Literature;
E.
新内容,贝多芬作品的unappreciated;

11.
注意不要因为倒数第二句中出现了很多类似“loving, joyful, compassionate”很开心的词汇,就选它;仔细分析主干我们知道,这句话的主语实际上是“The comic community”,但是题目问的是
“great comic art”;而我们接着读就会幸运的发现下面说的这句话就是这帮人的乐观的感觉。“Grow out of”不要因为有“out”而有其他的想法,他就是“成长于……、产生,源自……”的意思,只有主语有长大的感觉的时候(比如小孩儿),才有负面的感觉,表示(由于长大而)遗弃……,e.g.
She has grown out of her youthfollies.

12.
态度题,从文章主旨意在表现这帮人坚持去除伪善伪恶后的人类本性,D最为贴切。
13.
写法题,结论解释型文章,排除法:
A.
Prediction没出现;
B.
A list of 文章没有这种感觉;
C.
正确答案;
D.
没有例子;
E.
感觉同上,没有具体到抽象

作者: 普渡哥    时间: 2011-11-14 03:22
EXERCISE 2


1.
定位到第11行:
“thatnerve impulses are essentially homogeneous in quality and are transmitted as―common currency throughout the nervous system.” 每一句话都透露着一种关于nerve impulse的一致、同一的感觉。


2.
定位到文章第二十行:可以直接得出答案
“itproduced a sensation of the appropriate modality for that particular locus,that is, a visual sensation from the visual cortex”


3.
结合上一句的每种locus对应不同的sensation;每个之间不具备分析的价值。
“However,cortical locus, in itself, turned out to have little explanatory value.”


4.
问的是Except,
A.
文中提到加州中国人目的是为了证明对他们的偏见并不是由种族歧视引起的,排除;
B.
马克思社会科学家一直在被引述观点,没有evidence,排除;
C.
这个可以有,他一直在声称种族歧视就是资本主义的产物。


5.
其实最重要的是要理清楚这篇文章的逻辑:
首先一个马克思主义社会学家(简称马社)的论点是:种族歧视都是资本主义造成的,之后他有著作称:“所有地区的人种斗争都是基础种族偏见的”;
然而事实上,在“所有地区”中,对加州华人(后文说由工人引起的)和犹太人(后文说在资本主义产生之前)的歧视不是由资本主义引起的,所以“马社”要是想继续支持他的观点,不是资本主义造成的人种斗争就一定不是种族歧视(逆否命题),
所以按照这种逻辑思路,他is required to或者has to reason一下上述两种情况并非基于种族歧视(即题干所问)。文章最后一句话说道,因此他dispose of(摒弃了,排除了)在面对上述两种特殊的情形,也就是并忽略掉了一个事实,认为这两个特例不是由资本主义引起的(然而事实上作者认为“马社”这种避重就轻是不可信的)。


6.
文章最后一句的中心意思:“Unfortunately, in most cases a distant observer cannotsee the singularity”
A.
measurable,新信息,原文没有提到immeasurable或者相关概念;
B.
与原文意思最接近;
C.
allow…
与原文意思相反
D.
新信息,原文作者其实完全可以这样写,但是做题角度讲,这么说是没有逻辑的;
E.
新信息,structure


7.
定位到46行:
“closerto human consciousness than”,和人类进行比较,后面就是lizard那个例子,是一种高级比较低级的感觉。


8.
该道题目不容易定位,第27行:
“Onemeaning of intelligence is the way in which these images and other alertlysearched information are used in the context of previous experience.”
并且题目问的是infer,根据题目适当取反,即能得出答案。
A.
符合文章句子意思(智商高的动物,能够保留历史记忆),即弱智的小动物的历史对于他们的生存是没有什么帮助的;
B.
说反了,文章说智商高动物才会highly focus attention,弱智的小动物只会相反;
C.
新内容,肌肉功能协调性;
D.
新内容,种间竞争;
E.
新内容,捕食者和被捕食者的比率。


9.
长阅读遇到全文定位的多选题,如果觉得定位很吃力,个人感觉可以直接mask---next:
A.
可以在第37行找到答案:
“Although in both kinds ofanimal, arousal stimulates the production of adrenaline and norepinephrine bythe adrenal glands, the effect in herbivores isprimarily fear, whereas in carnivores the effect is primarily aggression.”:
害怕的原因是因为产生了“norepinephrine”,不需要知道是什么意思,通过“effect”即可获得答案;
B.
定位到24行:
“Arousal is atfirstgeneral, with a flooding of impulses in the brain stem; then gradually theactivation is channeled. Thus begins concentration, the holding of consistentimages”;
C.
文章没有提到关于刺激消失的介绍。




10.
又是烦人的EXCEPT题:
A.
同样是37行:
“Althoughin both kinds of animal, arousal stimulates the production of adrenaline andnorepinephrine by the adrenal glands”;
B.
同上;
C.
14行:
“Itranges from a passive, free-floating awareness to a highly focused, active fixation.”
D.
10-25行基本都在讲这个内容,如果非要明确定位,个人觉得比较牵强的一句话:
“Theprocesses of arousal and concentration give attention its direction”


11.


A.
定位第八行“allinvolved some kind of prohibition against unions with close kin”
B.
定位第七行“thoughthey differed from one tribal group to another”(特别喜欢讲选项设在文章的让步中)


12.
定位到第二行,很简单的一个推理题:
“Gutman discovers that cousinsrarely married, an exogamous tendency that contrasted sharply with the endogamy practiced by the plantationowners”
对“cousins rarely married”取反,就是plantation owners的行为。


13.  


题目中几个关键字“additional”,“support the awareness”,总而可以找到13行:
“The fact that distantly relatedkin would care for children separated from their families also suggests this awareness”
作者: 普渡哥    时间: 2011-11-14 03:26
EXERCISE 3


1.
只有A在文中有提及。


2.
这道题我选错了,的确很容易错选A,事物往往在于一种比较,不要看到一个心仪的答案以后马上就接着next,一定要把所有的选项都读完。
定位到文章L10,“It is only because of the enormous interstellar distances that solittle material per unit of volume becomes so significant”
A.
这个是ETS在T和G中最常用的伎俩,选项的每个词长得和文章原句极为相似,并且还同义替换了一个关键词,简直就是正确答案,如果没有C他就是正确答案;
B.
文章没有说normal units;
C.
相对完美的诠释了原文的句子,比A选项内容更丰满,正确选项;
D.
句子中没有gas;
E.
句子没有涉及,即使涉及和文章表达的意思相反;


3.
?读不懂啊
4.
?读不懂
5.
?真的读不懂
6.
主旨题:全文都在将水上的导航over water的只有A、B;A中有无中生有的进行了陆地和水上的比较,所以答案B。
7.
最开始做错了,题干没有看仔细,题干问的是they would,也就是他们会往哪儿飞,而不是问实际往那儿飞了;读懂题目,答案很简单。


8.
定位到L15:“Researchers now know that some species have a magnetic sense,which might allow migrants to determine their geographic location by detecting variations in the strength of the Earth’s magnetic field.”
只有A选项的readjust体现出了一种对variation的detect以及据此进行相应的调整、应变。
9.
主旨题:
A.
文章没有compare,这一点上,前文提到B人,后文提到H人容易给人造成错觉;
B.
没有讨论到分支和理论衍生;
C.
没有提到增长的兴趣;
D.
没有similarities这种感觉;
E.
根据G的文章的特点,虽然criticize只有后半部分,但是它属于转折后,属于文章强调的部分,即是文章主旨。
10.
L17的for example,即该句话就是答案。
11.
虽然文章总体基调是criticize,E有点过了吧,
所以答案D。
12.
主旨题:现象解释型文章,含有“Visual recognition”只有BD,D符合文章类型。
13.
根据Gestalt大写字母定位L9-L13:
A.
*Form在文中没有找到替换重复,属于新内容;
B.
G主张的是one-step的parallel方法,符合题意;into component parts是另外的step-by-step方法;
C.
同上。
作者: 普渡哥    时间: 2011-11-14 03:29
EXERCISE 4


1.
文章主要讲了两个misconception,为负评价,选C选项。
2.  
定位文章L10,“Actually, its limits are set by the amount of available lithium”,说nuclear fusion power:
这个东西无限,因为D无限,然而D的限制是被L这个东西的数量控制了,所以可以推断出L可能是D的主要来源。
3.
定位L7:“judges the value of Black fiction by overtly political standards”以及第一段第一句话“in attempting to apply literaryrather than sociopolitical criteria to its subject”,可以得出答案。
4.
文章主要在讨论一本著作,发表作者自己的观点,并且正负评价都有,选A。
5.
既然是改进题,肯定要对作者对该事物的负评价取非;
首先找到负评价:定位在L34开始的第三段文章,作者主要说R人并没有在主观上,对一些作品的价值进行评价,从而留下了很多审美上的问题。
取非后,我们发现五个选项里只有E最合适。
A.
Ideological和historical 都没有无论正向负向意思都没有在负评价段落内出现;
B.
他就是因为太客观了,没有自己的意见才会被作者指出来,小批评了一下;
C.
在第三段中,没有说他抽象(不够细节)的感觉;
D.
Ownunique确实和答案很接近,但是后面是tradition,不是evaluation或者是assessment
6.
用书名定位,问例子的作用,找到之前的观点:“what Rosenblatt does include inhis discussion makes for an astute and worthwhile study. Black Fiction surveysa wide variety of novels, bringing to our attention in the process some fascinating andlittle-known works”,我们发现基本都是很好的词汇来表扬这本书的;后面举得例子一定是为这句话服务的。D选项比较迷惑(我选了),不选它个人觉得是因为文章中红字部分,作者只是用这个书名来强调BlackFiction给我们带来的好处,而不是affinities;选E.
7.
问风有啥用?定位L10,我们就知道了风的作用:提供turbulence的能量,因此就增强了温度和湿度的交互,也就是前文所讲的空气和海水的接触。
A.
正确选项.
B.
原文说“As wind speed increases, so does turbulence, and thus the rate ofheat and moisture transfer.”也就是高速风会导致高速率交互,可是选项中说的是steady rate,什么样的风才能导致steady rate呢?根据文章的内容只能是steady的风,但是题干问的只是风的作用,不是什么样的风都能让它steady的,所以不选。
C.
文章压根儿没提过温度的变化频率问题。
8.
个人觉得很有难度的一道题目:
如上题所讲,wind增加,会增加漩涡,从而增加mixed air,从而增加不平衡;这时候我们继续往前找,看到不平衡的同义词difference后面有一个however small,肯定前面有一个很small感觉的东西,我们看见有一个nearly,我们知道后面所有的这些东西的存在实际上都是在支持这个nearly,一旦后面取非,这个nearly也将不复存在。
9.
主旨题:
提到literary critic的只有第一段,
L4的ignore告诉了我们答案。
10.
用social setting定位L15直接告诉了我们答案。
11.
这种题在考试中不知道会不会像托福一样标注出来,我做题的时候就一直在L10的那个poetic纠结了很久,答案也是选错了;如果是问第一个带引号的那个的话,用后面“examining states of reverie andvision”的分词结构就能选出答案,reverie是幻想曲、幻想;vision不只是视力、美景的意思,也有想象、幻想的感觉。

作者: candyllllll    时间: 2011-11-14 08:06
up
辛苦了。谢谢普度哥!!!
作者: 普渡哥    时间: 2011-11-14 10:51
欢迎有网友义务顶起,谁愿意往下分析???谢谢!!
作者: let3699    时间: 2011-11-14 11:05
thanks for sharing~~
作者: 普渡哥    时间: 2011-11-14 11:11

作者: 普渡哥    时间: 2011-11-14 14:44
up
作者: KnightBM    时间: 2011-11-14 19:15
哇!这个太棒了!!感谢普渡哥
作者: princetantan    时间: 2011-11-14 19:41
谢谢普渡哥
作者: 普渡哥    时间: 2011-11-14 23:14
大家可以继续往下做啊。可以把答案提供上来。
作者: 普渡哥    时间: 2011-11-14 23:14
36个人就能整理出一套完整的答案。团结就是力量啊。
作者: 普渡哥    时间: 2011-11-15 00:30
EXERCISE 5

1.
定位到L4,“merely,题目问如何改进,直接取反即可,答案D。
2.

通过人名直接定位,L11的人名,往上L9开始这一句话,converse告诉我们这里H是想证明另外一种数量上(浮游植物多,就会造成浮游动物的减少)的负相关,也就是浮游植物会干掉浮游动物。选项B道出了,浮游动物的减少与浮游植物无关,直接质疑了H的这个观点。

3.
A.
定位在L50-L55,体现不同生活环境不同种类的浮游植物都是不同的。
B.
定位同上,很简单的比较。
C.
文章没有提到same的感觉。

4.
定位在第二段首,说忽略了small浮游植物。改善题直接取非。选C。
5.
通过人名定位L37,一个长难度(杨鹏GRE、GMAT长难句序言的例句),
“Studies by Hargrave and Geenestimated natural communitygrazing rates(目的) by(方法) measuring feeding rates of individual zooplankton species in the laboratory and then(两个步骤) computing community grazingrates for field conditions using the known population density of grazers(两个黄色部分重复).”
6.
有疑问?不太清楚some other从何而来???望指点!
7.
通过“traditional assumption ofaesthetic philosophers”定位L6
8.
定位倒数第二句话:
A.
没有painting;
B.
距离Croce比较远,并且该句话没有讨论起源;
C.
答案;对应着文章的主旨:rational order对inspiration的discipline的关系;
D.
没有题painting,不知道那个stained glass算不算painting,并且craftsmanship已经cease了,这里不是指它。
E.
没有明显after G period的感觉。
9.
定位L2-L4 直接得出选项。
10.
Except题:
A.
All太绝对;
B.
L7;
C.
还是上述定位,文章说“They also availed themselves ofother forms of expression with metaphoricalmeaning”
11.
定位第一句话,因为真实所以应该保持适当的怀疑。(文章后面的其实就是在讲“theoretical or simplified, situations”,一些纯理论或者忽视一些未知条件的简单状况)

12.
定位在L18,看见“This”证明之前有所交代,往前看,我们知道是invisible term导致“inspires an entirelyappropriate disregard for purely technical features ”,从而导致situation不能很好的well-defined。所以答案E.
作者: 普渡哥    时间: 2011-11-15 01:30
EXERCISE 6:

1.
类比题,这道题BT,援引chasedream上面 ShadowInShadow的解释,说实话看了我也太明白,考试的时候遇到就随他去吧。。。
于是这是一个类比题,需要找出与“details vs. constraints”关系相近的一组,并且是在human morphology方面。
解决类比题的方法就是找出关键词和逻辑关系。这个题目来说,就是各种human morphology 方面的constraints(身体形态方面的负环境)和human morphology方面的details(身体形态上的特征)。
注意我特别标红了“身体形态上的”这个定语,类比题里面,这些定语绝对是最容易出干扰选项的了。做题时,看到这个定语就应该有所警觉,什么心理上的、行为上的之类之类的特征细节,一律干掉。
如果你这么想了,那么恭喜你,就这一个理由,你就可以轻易地干掉A-D,直接扑到正确选项E。做题做到这里,就应该拍拍屁股做下一个题。
但毕竟是关乎重大的考试,而且这个考试特别特别贵,总有同学不放心。于是ta会看一看E选项是怎么说的。
"The greater lung capacity of mountain peoples that helps them live in oxygen-poorair as against peoples inability to fly without special apparatus"
不得不说这样做题是不对的,但是既然有需求,我们就看一看这句话。它说,“生活在山区的人的大的肺活量使得他们能在低氧情况下生存 vs. 人不借助工具就没法飞起来”。前者是人体形态上的一个小细节小特征,后者是人体形态方面的一个不足限制,恰好满足题目要求。
2.
"Yet beneath theoverlay of cultural detail, they, too, are said to be biological in direction,and therefore as natural to us as are our appendixes."
这句话说这些不适应性在各种东西的作用下,和阑尾一样,是生物进化的正常现象。
而ABCD选项都表现出(在某个方面)不正常,与文章相反,干掉。
3.
定位在L4,得出答案。
4.
分别看一下:
A.
L5-L6说允许pass through;
B.
L7看到了absorb吸收了来自地球表面的辐射;备选;
C.
L11“If there were no car-bondioxide in the atmosphere, heat would escape from the Earth much more easily.”得出答案。
5.
文章的几个转折:
a)
Initially ,V人的理论(M8r独立),她为年代上的冲突做了辩解(explain away),使他们的独立性和合理。
b)
然而,有些人却发现曾经认为的八本书现在是一本书。这可能是一种受传统固定观念(V的观点)发生动摇后的自然反应。
c)
然而(程度转折),时至今日我们不能否认:8r就是一本书(作者的最后观点:统一not分离)
d).
作者进行让步,表达出并没有完全反对V,只是不同意V观点的暗示的一种暧昧的感觉。

A.
符合作者最后的观点
B.
文章没有出现这种obscure的感觉,同时,如果B成立了其实是反驳了作者的观点。
C.
作者质疑了V的观点,引出自己的观点,C选项正好体现出了作者这种用意。  
6.
问:作者concede了V人的什么?很纠结的题目,其实也不难,既然问了是concede,直接选一个正评价符合文章内容的选项就好了。
A.
说反了,V人觉得是分离的;
B.
V人虽然想表达分离的意思,但V人没有指出统一观点的不合理性
C.
没有modern novels,新内容;
D.
没有讲earlier and later的感觉;
E.
文章最后做了让步,题干问的就是让步,所以直接选出一个正向感觉的选项即可。
7.
previous interpretations对应 set ideas,找出第二个转折的地方即可。
8.
文章属现象解释文章,作者认为农业不满是因为国际贸易而不是可开垦耕地的减少,答案A.
9.
定位L17,“Consequently, agrarian depressionsno longer were local or national in scope, and they struck several nationswhose internal frontiers had not vanished or were not about to vanish.”可得出答案。
10.
定位如上题,可以得出答案:
A.
Excluding 错了,应该是including;
B.
答案;
C.
文章没有体现出depression slow down 的迹象;
D.
nonagricultural products,新内容;
E.  
sell more of their agricultural products,新内容;
11.
文章说1880s价格低的很厉害,农民兄弟们希望赚大钱,所以希望价格高的很厉害,所以D。
12.
文章一直强调一种similarity,选E;
13.
通过“structural differences”即可定位。确切讲应该是答案的后半句话“less so with the structuraldifferences that seem, at first glance, to constitute such an immense gulfbetween them”
作者: 普渡哥    时间: 2011-11-15 01:42
EXERCISE 7

1.
定位到L6-L10,重点关注一下“isolate”即可选出答案。
2.
对应文章的主旨就是区分两个H和G之间概念的区别,A.
3.
这道题做错了,定位出了问题,最开始定位到了L8“purpose—the elevation of women‘s status through moraland intellectual training”,误选了A。实际上题目问的就是difference,应该从L10往后看,看到讲法国和英国的时候都出现了pleasure这个词,可以知道文章就是从这个层面讲他们的不同点的。选B。
4.
讲区别就是为了解释区别。
5.
定位L11“The French salon incorporated aristocratic attitudesthat exalted courtly pleasure and emphasized artistic accomplishments.”可以得出A选项。
A.
答案
B.
没讲老爷们
C.
没讲老爷们,跟谁独立?文章L5有一个their own,但是对比的对象是法国那帮老娘们。
6.
这道题是有NO.6-3的一道长阅读改过来的,如果只根据节选的内容个人感觉能只选出A,因为实在没有其他的信息了。
而实际答案给的是C,是因为在原文中,一篇现象解释的文章,作者通过整篇文章来解释为什么会有这种违背守恒定律的现象出现,实际上是因为一些其他复杂的技术手段,借入其他的地方的能量,才产生了这两个单位能量,所以不违背能量守恒定律。
所以在这里,广告商们不要用那些需要客户们有很深的技术背景,需要耗尽所有的脑细胞才能了解到的事实作为广告词,普通的消费者不具备这些专业知识,但是大家都知道能量守恒定律,知道一个单位的能量不能产生两个单位的能量,反而让大家对你的广告的真实性产生了怀疑。
7.
定位在L12:
我们不在需要艺术家为道德教化提供理想的人性的画卷。答案C。
8.
题目问的很绕,实际上问的就是L人和G人,当今会怎么评价他们,定位在L10,
在当时被“largely ignored”,暗示说他们现在一定很受推崇。选A。
9.
题目“political beliefs”定位文章L11“political climate”。
10.
定位L5到第一段结束,很容易误选成D,仔细阅读题干,主语是starry flounder,是文章中不在固定在某一边儿那种鱼,选C。
11.
需要纵观全文,实际上对于二三段作者给出的解释,在第四段予以了否定,所以不能单纯依靠之前的定位得出答案。
A.
这种适应性在L17-L20确实提出了,但是这是反面教材,作者在最后一段否定了这种自然选择,自适应的解释。
B.
看最后一段即可,否定了自然选择的解释。
C.
第一段结尾第二段开头告诉了我们这个信息,这是一个客观事实,不是结论的解释,不需要按照最后的观点进行取反。
12.
定位在L37。“there would be a twisting of nerves”。
13.
现象解释型,文中给出自然选择的观点,最后又把这个解释干掉了,选A。
作者: licarp君    时间: 2011-11-15 06:21
很是谢谢普渡哥
作者: 普渡哥    时间: 2011-11-15 10:14
up
作者: wzg3511661    时间: 2011-11-17 18:06
up~
作者: franciszmy    时间: 2011-11-17 18:10
这个太棒了,cd独有!!!
作者: drinkbeer    时间: 2011-11-17 20:14
UP,我开始是在看吴中东的《决胜机考GRE阅读理解》里的解答的。
作者: 普渡哥    时间: 2011-11-17 23:01
谁继续往下做啊?
作者: let3699    时间: 2011-11-18 14:23
up
作者: 腓特烈二世    时间: 2011-11-18 20:17
顶楼主啊
作者: carterp    时间: 2011-11-21 09:49
谢谢普渡哥这么详细的讲解,小弟受益匪浅啊~
Exercise 5 第6题,小弟觉得答案就在文中倒数第二句,也就是linear perspective and anatomy的前一句。
linear perspective and anatomy是new technical elements had to be adopted to maintain the intellectual element in art的两个例子。也就是说,即使没有这俩技术,其他技术也会被采纳。所以这道题选B。
作者: franciszmy    时间: 2011-11-21 10:18
非常感谢!!
作者: TITILIANG    时间: 2011-11-22 20:51
UP
作者: 普渡哥    时间: 2011-11-24 09:10
EXERCISE 8
1.
定位到L10,气压降低---vaporize---chill,答案C.
2.
关键词:psychohistorian & historical study;干掉CDE,B选项本末倒置,选A;
“It denies the basic criterion of historical evidence:that evidence be publicly accessible to, and therefore assessable by, allhistorians”
证明对应了even though的部分。
3.
我选C。
仔细想想其实C很荒谬,表示强调的方法很多,在英语里比较少见引号表强调,这句子里面是有特殊含义的,答案E。
4.
我第一次读题干的时候粗心了,题目里有imply,我居然还定位在“The best aluminum ore is bauxite”;
事实上,题干问的是“一种物质应该是什么或者应该容易提供什么,这种物质才能被定义为铝矿石?”
定位在
“Bauxite is the richest of all those aluminous rocks that occur in largequantities, and it yields alumina, the intermediate product required for the production of aluminum”
也就是说,氧化铝是产生铝的必不可少的中间环节,imply了mineral想要炼铝,都要产生或者就是alumina;这一点在最后一句:
“because considerably more energy is required to extract alumina from them” 中也有体现
5.
细节定位:


A.
L2
B.
L6
C.
同上
6.
定位L11,对前半句取非,得到答案C。
7.
Except题型:
A.
这个我误选了,没有想清楚最后一句话“its profound understanding of class and gender asshaping influences on people‘s lives—owes much to that earlier literaryheritage.”看主干,不要被修饰成分干扰,因为那不是作者想表达的主要意思。并且A选项把这种前后的谁决定谁的因果关系弄反了。
B.
定位到段中的数字;
C.
定位到L9 “I do not mean that left-wingpolitics were the single most important influence on it.”
8.  
同上的一句话。
9.
只有D有比较关系;
10.
括号解释“Its subject”,“Its subject”用来进行区分,答案C。E偷换了概念。
11.
全文一直在做着伊利亚特和奥德赛之间的比较。
12.
定位L9“whose motivations render him a notparticularly likable hero”
Not likable 不讨人喜欢,对应选项D。
作者: 普渡哥    时间: 2011-11-24 09:13
EXERCISE 9
1.
关键词J人和Afro-American Poetry,保留B、D,本文没讲对诗歌的影响,选D。
2.
定位在L60
“its early forms, rhythms,vocabulary, and evangelical fervor” 一一对应选项,最后一个是难点,像福音传教般狂热的。
3.
Ignore 对应文中L9的solely,答案B,虽然历史文中没有提到,正是如此,选项中有一个at least。
4.
文章第一句话:
“In the early 1950‘s, historians who studied preindustrial Europe (which wemay define here as Europe in the period from roughly 1300 to 1800) began, for the first time in large numbers(取反),to investigate more of the preindustrial European population than the 2 or 3 percent(取同)

答案:D:“a narrow range of thepreindustrial European population“
5.
当初定位错误,应该在L26,选出B;
6.
定位在L43:“ but thisinformation gives us little insight into the mental lives of the nonelites“;直接选出C选项。
7.
定位在L49:“aggregate population estimatesare very shaky “(shaky:不可靠的)
直接得出C选项,B很接近,但是却说的是nearest to the city.
8.
主旨题,B正确,其他的选项均与原文无关。L8:“Despite these difficulties, there has been importantnew work “
9.
定位在L4-L5的first、second,通过second可以得出B,production和cultivation同义重复。
10.
文章的逻辑是:叶子浸淫在海量般地氮气中,但能为之所用的却很少。(少vs多的irony)


D选项最接近:海难后救生艇漂浮在水上,能喝的却只有一小瓶水。
(少vs多的irony)
11.
定位L5:“inappropriate socialrelationships either between those who are involved and those who are notsimultaneously involved in the satisfaction of a bodily need, or between thosealready satiated and those who appear to be shamelessly gorging. “
两种关系:一种是吃不饱和吃饱了的;一种是吃饱和吃跑了还无耻贪吃的;
如果食物充足,这两种情况发生的可能性就很低。
12.
同上的解释,C;并且L13“In prehistoric times, when food was so precious”
进行了对比,也能感觉到前面在强调食物有限的感觉。
13.
中间的转折过度句。
作者: 普渡哥    时间: 2011-11-24 09:15
EXERCISE 10
1.
定位在L3和L12,发现L12对应A选项,选A。
2.
C选项的“without providing a completetheoretical explanation of that improvement.”重复文章最后一句话。
3.
A.定位L19“Islam, on the other hand,represented a radical breakaway from the Arab paganism that preceded it”;B、C文章没提。
4.  
定位L49,“merely existed discordancebetween application of the sacred law and many of the regulations framed byIslamic states”C选项重复了文章内容。核心词:at odds=discordance
5.
文章结构比较清楚,D选项。
6.
定位L42-L45,“canon law was one of itspolitical weapons”,得出答案E。
7.
新老观点对比文章,难点在于没有明显的对比词,隐藏在这里:
“This line of reasoningunderlies an exciting new theory of spiral-galaxy structure. Acomputer simulation based on this theory has reproduced the appearance of manyspiral galaxies without assuming an underlying density wave,the hallmark of themost widely accepted theory of the large-scale structureof spiral galaxies.”
这道题答案:D
8.
问的是新理论,就从新理论里面找答案:
“If many such chains werecreated in a differentially rotating galaxy, the distribution of stars wouldresemble the observed distribute in a spiral galaxy.”
Imply的问法,但答案基本重复原文,让人有些不敢选。
9.
反对题,直接驳斥新理论的reasoning chain就可以了。
新理论:巨星爆炸-超新星-巨星形成-巨星爆炸-超新星…………
C选项:巨星爆炸-超新星-巨星形成-巨星爆炸----这一步不成立了-----超新星…………
10.
觉得由一道细节题改编的多选题,通过人名定位L5:
“then legal slavery in the 1660‘s should be viewed as a reflection and an extensionof racial prejudice rather than, as many historians including Oscarand Mary Handlin have argued, the cause of prejudice

答案是AC选项。题目问的NOT。
11.
定位在L13:
“lack of certain traditions in NorthAmerica—such as a Roman conception of slavery and a Roman Catholic emphasison equality—explains why the treatment of Black slaves was more severe there than in the Spanish andPortuguese colonies of South America. ”
因为缺少导致严重,所以取非不缺少(拥有)就会减轻,答案C。
12.
态度题,定位L18“But this cannot be the wholeexplanation“
是一种部分同意的感觉,选项里筛选带“but”的,然后只有limited是一种轻否定的感觉,其他的都是全部否定。
作者: 竹林中人    时间: 2011-11-24 22:07
up
作者: angengsam    时间: 2011-11-26 14:15
普渡哥接着写啊!很有用啊!!!!很感谢!!!!
作者: jasusy    时间: 2011-11-28 00:01
定啊。虽然之前都是对应往年真题看解析的
作者: herocm    时间: 2011-11-30 21:24
其他练习的答案呢?谢谢
作者: mksong    时间: 2011-12-7 23:48
顶。。。。整理一下更好了
作者: 普渡哥    时间: 2011-12-8 10:42
EXERCISE 11

1.  定位第一句话,长难句分析:
“Many critics of Eamily Bronte?s novel Wuthering Heights see its second part as
a counterpoint that comments on, if it does not reverse(插入语), the first part,
where a romantic reading receives more confirmation。”
可以先不看插入语,可以得出,second和first是轻微负向的关系。答案D。
2.    定位L8-L11,仔细分析句子知道H人的观点和“unify the novel?s heterogeneous
parts”的观点相反。
3.  定位在文章L15括号中的内容。
4.  定位文章倒数第二句“resist inclusion in an all-encompassing interpretation”
5.  C选项在L39“No bacteria can survive such heat”
6.  定位在L9“The food supplies necessary to sustain the large vent communities”

7.  题干问的很具体,所以句子也应该选的具体一些在L31,而不是L34的结论。
8.  往该段中心意思靠拢,选出E选项。
9.  类比的逻辑是一个艺术形式根据其他的两个艺术形式结合创造出来的。
10. 定位第一段倒数第五行。
11.  逐个看一下:
A.  还是上一题的定位。
B.  原文重复~
12. A. 迂腐的,行人;
13. 通读文章第一句话
“Scientists have sought evidence of long-term solar periodicities by examining
indirect climatological data, such as fossil records of the thickness of ancient
tree rings.”选出D;
作者: 普渡哥    时间: 2011-12-9 12:24
EXERCISE 12

1.  读第一段:
“Traditional research has confronted only Mexican and United States
interpretations of Mexican-American culture. Now we must also examine the
culture”
老观点被新观点重新审视。
2.  按照题目定位:读完整句话在讲墨西哥裔美国人的一段血泪史,charter  
minority on our own land表达了,虽然他们minority,但是on our own land;答案
A;
3.  与原文内容冲突的选项,将每个选项取反,看是否在文中有定位:
E:  取反后定位在第二段第一句:
When the Spanish first came to Mexico, they intermarried with and absorbed the
culture of the indigenous Indians
4.  题干应该是in the last sentence in the first paragraph;
定位在第一段最后一句:在这句之前说了“Some elements evaporate during
smelting and roasting; different temperatures and processes produce different
degrees of loss.”一些的不足。答案A.  
5.  定位在L37:
“An alternative choice is lead, which occurs in most copper
1
and bronze artifacts
of the Bronze Age in amounts consistent with the lead being derived from the  
copper ores and possibly from the fluxes
2

L47:“when other metals were added to the copper ore
3



三个选项都出来了;
6.  定位在L30“The ideal choice”,往后读,找转折。
7.  烦人的except题:没有挨个排除,在D中发现敏感词any,定位原文中L45:“ While
some of the lead found”搞定。
8.  AC选项的错误在于把only放错了地方。
D选项重复:“Responding to changes in the CF echo?s frequency, bats of some
species correct in flight for the direction and velocity of their moving prey”
9.  迷惑性很大的写法题:
A.  正确答案;
B.  没有example;
C.  没有additional fact;
D.  没有two theories;只是一个theory的两个分类;
E.  同B;
10. 正评价  C里的approval;
11.  问题解决型文章,D中solve problems;
12. 定位在L13
“Furthermore, this method cannot be used to determine the location in the body
where the detected substances are actually produced”




可以得出答案:C
13. 定位在L10:“this method cannot determine whether the substances detected by
the antiserums really are the hormones”
不能确定侦测到的物质是否为hormones,即不能distinguish,得出B答案。
作者: 普渡哥    时间: 2011-12-10 07:05
EXERCISE 13

1.  Except题:
A. “two groups of”不是所有;
B.  没提;
C.  定位L7“explain away superficial resemblance as due to convergent
evolution—the independent development of similarities between unrelated
groups in response to similar environmental pressures”新的观点要排除掉的
就是以前老的观点,选C;
2.  紧接着convergent evolution举得例子说的就是这个。
3.  L4的那个长难句,符合题意。
4.  质疑的对象是Phinney's estimate of the probability of Earth rocks hitting Mars;
也就是,地球的石头撞火星是火星的石头撞地球概率的十分之一,这个是基于
17/1000的概率地球的石头会撞上火星的模拟实验,这个实验有基于一个前提假设:
所有的石头发射出去之后,运行的方向是随机的。把这个逻辑链的任何一个地方取
非都是一个质疑。B是正确答案。
5.  主旨题,通篇讲的是当代哲学的建立和发展,D;
6.  nineteenth century定位在第二段开头,
A.  没提这个事儿,貌似是十七世纪的事情;
B.  L31“but it was not explicitly articulated until the late eighteenth century”
C.  这句话后面就是说Kant这个人的一些事迹了;
答案AB
7.  They were fighting, albeit discreetly, to open the intellectual world to the new
science(个人感觉前一句的后半也可以算上);
8.  没什么感觉,就A吧。
9.  类比的对象是“situation described in the first sentence”也就是“Although recent
years have seen substantial reductions in noxious pollutants from individual
motor vehicles, the number of such vehicles has been steadily increasing.”
说的个人量减少了  但是总数量上升的感觉;C最符合。
10. 定位L16:
“The American public, although enjoying Twain's humor, evidently rejected his
cynicism about technological advancement and change through peaceful
revolution as antithetical to the United States doctrine of progress.”
永远让步转折,强调的是转折后的内容,让步内容可以没有,但是转折后的内容必
须正确完整:
A.  正确,完美的复述了转折后的内容;
B.  motion pictures and plays新内容;
C.  sixth-century and nineteenth-century characters confused many people新内
容;
D.  too violent to American minds.新内容,
E.  rejected Twain's work in favor of the work of Thomas Malory.新内容
11.    这个要对小说人物的经历有个大概的认识:想peaceful revolution to transform
Arthurian Britain into an industrialized modern democracy,但最后失败了,并且
挺惨的。想证明这么干(an industrialized modern democracy)注定是不行的;
A.  正确;
B.  注意这里问的是Mark Twain当时的想法;
C.  说反了;

12. 个人感觉定位在L9“None of these translations to screen and stage, however,
(None of these)dramatize the anarchy at the conclusion of A Connecticut
Yankee”加上括号的省略部分,E选项就比较好选了。
作者: 普渡哥    时间: 2011-12-11 09:22
EXERCISE 14

1.  文章最后一句话知道答案:
2.  定位“she focused her novel on an ordinary Black woman's search for identity
within the context of a Black community”答案C.
3.  定位L9:“But Marshall extended the analysis of Black female characters begun
by Hurston and Brooks by depicting her heroine's development”
By之前的内容即为答案。
4.  首先明确支持的内容:
“appropriateness of models using spheres of two sizes for binary alloys”
这道题建议大家看全整篇文章后再选One difference和small discrepancies不是一
个东西,我觉得前者是这个实验的B人的一种改进,导致了后面的一个好的结果,
既然想让这个结果更好,得到更多的支持,那么把前面的那个small discrepancies
就好了,毕竟这是陈虎平老师改编节选的文章,大家知道什么感觉就好了,答案B。
5.  Except题:
A.  选项说的是其他的质素在物质分配中所占的权重是多少,这个文章里真没有,
只说了应该有,具体多少没说。
B.  最后一句说了,这就是make money;
C.  最后几个词儿“such as the respect and esteem of others”。
6.  L9开始说了一大堆大家以后可以放到PS里的词汇:
“intelligence, physical strength, agility and grace, artistic creativity, mechanical
skill, leadership, endurance, memory, psychological insight, the capacity for hard
work—even moral strength, sensitivity, the ability to express compassion”
就是想说的D选项,broaden和merit两个关键词。
7.  应该是一种难和复杂的感觉,A不对,因为大家很关注,无论多难都去想办法研究
(undertake the formidable task);D和A很相似,虽然难但不是无关紧要。
8.  :
A.  只是说原来的有些小问题,没有说新的模式就一定会解决问题或一定会很艰难。
B.  文章说,民族特性并没有在讨论社会经济发展因素时被正式考虑进来。还要考
虑其他因素。换言之,就是B选项。
C.  个人觉得前两句里没有涉及“qualitative impressions of national character.”
9.  问题解决型文章,答案很明显A.
10. 答案容易误选B,因为文章的第一句话;但是如果选B的话,文章应该更像一篇
argument,全篇都应该不断的根据原有的观点进行批判,而文章只是在第一段开
头提了一小下established的观点,然后后面基本都在说自己的观点并且进行论证,
更像一篇issue。所以答案D。
11.  答案很明显。
12. 文章中没找到“normal ionic crystal”。。。。
作者: 普渡哥    时间: 2011-12-12 09:07
EXERCISE 15

1.  问题问的是 use evidence:
“Other workers quickly devoured the workers' eggs while leaving the queen's
eggs alone。”
2.  问的类比对象是“inner workings in a honeybee hive that regulate reproduction”。  
A 选项和题干一样是在一个集群中,采用一种互相的限制措施,达到一种稳定平衡。  
3. “a typical worker's fitness would be diminished if other workers' sons, who have  
less genetic material in common with the worker, supplanted the queen's sons”
取逆反就是选项的感觉
4.  回答问题:
A. “high concentrations of blood glucose(hyperglycemia)”告诉了我们答案;
B. “The diabetic?s blood glucose concentration can thus fluctuate greatly during
the interval between doses”之前告诉了我们剧烈浮动(包括高和低)的原因;
C.  文章确实讲了“result from the periods of high concentrations of blood
glucose (hyperglycemia)”说这个并发症是由它引起的,但是没有说 organ;
5.  找刚才 thus 的前一句就是了。
6.  改善题,对文章提出的质疑取非,定位在‖it is much harder to estimate how much
a given population ingests from foodstuffs because of the wide variations in
individual eating habits‖;  
7.  第二段基本就是一个负向的质疑的感觉,A 中并没有质疑毒性而是 limit;
8.  Effect:
A.  第二段说容易,与文章内容相反;
B.  第二段质疑的就是这个 limit,所以第一段说的内容不能信以为真;
C.  是改善后的结论,可以选。
9.  从前三个年份里选两个就好了;
10. 第二段第一句“Two reasons for this relative neglect seem obvious”就告诉了哦我
们这是对第一段的支持和解释,E选项是抽象概括的感觉,与文章相反。
11.  定位后,正是因为相比于 judicial dossiers,很难做到
“establish for a successful revolution a comprehensive and trustworthy picture
55 of those who participated, or to answer even the most basic questions one
might pose concerning the social origins of the insurgents.”所以就能找到
dossiers的特点了。
作者: 普渡哥    时间: 2011-12-13 08:50
EXERCISE 16

1.  细节定位:哪个证据A蜜蜂比E蜜蜂抵抗寄生虫能力更强?
A.  定位L4:“In parts of Europe, this mite is devastating honeybees and killing
many colonies despite preventive measures by beekeepers”
B.  定位在上句的下一句:“But in Brazil Varroa jacobsoni has been present in
Africanized bees since 1972 without the loss of a single colony, even though
beekeepers there undertook no preventive measures”
C.  表达的意思和题干相反;
2.  仔细读题干问的是reason:
定位在L13:“Some researchers point out that this resistance may be related to
the Africanized worker bee's shorter development period”
3.  削弱题:一定要仔细看题目中要求削弱的对象是“resistance of Africanized bees to
Varroa jacobsoni”,注意不要随意添加新信息并且进行多步推理。
A.  正确答案:出现了两个关键词,并且逻辑符合削弱的感觉。
B.  Number of colonies 新信息;
C.  说反了,螨虫在E蜜蜂生活的更好,跟原文一致了,题目是削弱;
D.  没什么关系;
E.  Honey新信息;
4.  定位L9的although, 后面一定是一个负评价的东西,答案A、B;
B中提到的内容文章没有涉及,A里面说的就是文章后面说的东西,追根溯源,其
实还是源于意大利的。
5.  Strengthen 的对象是:“concerning the debt of the acto to the theater traditions
of other periods and regions”
A.  没有关键词的出现,无关内容;
B.  laywright 新内容;
C.  没有体现出other
D.  无关内容;
E选项和题干的支持内容紧密的对应。
6.    定位人名在L11,例子从前面找结论:
“By writing in English and experimenting with European literary forms,
contemporary American Indian writers have broadened their
potential audience, while clearly retaining many essential characteristics of
their ancestral oral traditions.”  答案A。
7.    
A.  文章没提,即使提了这样说也与文意相反;
B.  文章的结构就是用老的翻译和新的writing进行对比,新的内容取非就是老的
特点;定位同上第六题;
C.  同样是的新的writing取非,定位L6:‖ experimenting with European literary
forms‖.
8.  没有歧视和哪个contradict,肯定是一个有歧视的感觉的选项:
A.  没提Fuchs's study;
B.  该选项极具迷惑性,一定要小心“Some explicit results of Brown's study”;
而原文中说,定位L14:
“One can infer from Brown's results that consumers discriminate against
self-employed women”
C.  还是因为上一句的定位,C勉强成为正确选项;
D.  Fuchs同意歧视;
E.  Sanborn同意歧视;
9.  那些忽视修辞的人,追溯到他们的____?
A.  他们guided by “scientistic thinkers“,排除;
B.  他们guided by  “logic“,排除;
C.  Completely没有体现;
D.  Misunderstanding没有体现;
E.  不明白E是什么感觉;
10. B很好的展示出了两者互补的感觉。
11.  题干的讨论的内容会导致两种结果一个是crystalline structure,另一个是
amorphous structure;所以答案D
12. 首先,我也是定位在了最后一句话
whereas in nonmetallic glasses the rate of formation is so slow that almost any
cooling rate is sufficient to result in an amorphous structure
sufficient在韦氏字典的解释:  enough to meet the needs of a situation;我个人觉
得sufficient在这里多、快、充足这样的感觉。
这句话的意思也就是:formation太慢了以至于  无论冷却的多慢 对于  result in an
amorphous structure 都是足够快了。
如果没有formation太慢这个前提的话,正常情况应该是冷却速度越快,越有可能
导致result in an amorphous structure。
可以做个类比:
因为:姚明太高了以至于  无论他跳的多低 对于他能摸到篮筐都是足够高了
所以:对于正常人来讲,跳的越高,就越有可能摸到篮筐
13. “which is controlled by factors such as the nature of the chemical bonding and
the ease with which atoms move relative to each other”。
作者: 普渡哥    时间: 2011-12-14 07:47
EXERCISE 17

1.  定位到“Much of this controversy probably results from unwarranted
extrapolations”,以及之前的“Some geologists argue that pillow lava is
characterized by discrete, ellipsoidal masses. Others describe pillow lava as a
tangled mass of cylindrical.”可以看出作者并没有站某一个观点立场上,只是客观
的分析两种的观点的共同存在的原因。所以BC都不可选。
2. “unwarranted extrapolations”告诉我们了答案A,其他的都没提。
3.  容易选A,因为最后一句话,但是发现B选项的意思包含了A的感觉,果断选择
意思更广,相对更抽象更上义的选项。并且A说的也不妥,A的取反是地质学家们
坚持使用pillow,而文章里没有体现这样的内容。
4.  第一次做这个题把文章内容和选项都理解反了,所以导致这道题做对了- -!
题干问P认为SB的mistake,也就应该是P和SB有分歧的地方,定位回原文:
“In effect, in trying to demonstrate that the imagination is more profound and
less submissive to the intellect than Saint-Beuve assumed,Proust elicited vital
memories”
通过than可以知道,Saint-Beuve应该assume:  
―Imagination is less profound and more submissive to the intellect‖  也就是说
intellect应该更重要。
再回去看选项:
A.  这内容没提;
B.  直译过来应该是:SB将太多的创造想象的过程分配给了intellect,也就是认为
intellect重要;
C.  lot 没有看到这个感觉。
5.  可以直接托福做法。
6.  定位“There is some dispute about the method of transport involved”答案B。
7.  Flotation后面跟的是doubt on these hypotheses,找到these hypotheses指代前
面的内容答案D.
8.  根据Puritan colonies have been rapidly assimilating to the dominant cultural
patterns;答案B;
9.  On the other hand, it is insufficient to treat the artwork solely后面的句子就是解
释这个原因。
10. On the other hand,之后是对critic的负评价;并且Unduly,solely带着一种
extreme的感觉。答案D.
作者: 普渡哥    时间: 2011-12-15 09:44
EXERCISE 18

1.  定位到“in the inner solar system (Mercury, Venus, Mars, and Earth)—from
planet-forming materials in the presolar nebula.”以及
“while the typical planet-forming materials were quite rich in iron”
可以知道答案 BC。
2.  定位到“One problem with the collision hypothesis is how a satellite formed in
this way could have settled into the nearly circular orbit that the Moon has today”  
3.  题目问的是反对“the collision hypothesis”
“If it is true, the mantle rocks of the Moon and the Earth should be the same
geochemically”知道“should be the same geochemically”是假设成立的必要条
件,必要条件不成立,假设必然不成立。B选项说,在月球形成以后,他们的物质
不一样了(地球变了,月球没变)
4.  旧观点-被挑战-作者再质疑新观点,所以是对新观点的 evaluation  
5.  第一句恶心的长难句表达的意思是在 1763 年之前英格兰的政策是倾向商业的,而
之后一个逐渐向军事统治扩张的变化,导致了独立战争。
如果读着费劲,可以对Webb 的观点取反。答案:D.
6.  关键词定位回原文:“all of whom were bent on extending centralized executive
power over England’s possessions through the use of what Webb calls ―garrison
government.”答案 B
7.  Except 题:
A. “Backed by the military presence of the garrison, these governors tried to
prevent the gentry and merchants, allied in the colonial assemblies, from
transforming colonial America into a capitalistic oligarchy.”动作的发出者搞
错了。
B.  the purpose of garrison government was to provide military support for a
royal policy designed to limit the power of the upper classes
C.  没提“the stationing of English troops”
8.  只觉得 C,其他的没感觉。
9.  定位overutilization,然后往后看,全文最后一句话。
10. 定位“Found in all the oceans of the world, including the Arctic Ocean,”infer 出
答案:C。
作者: 普渡哥    时间: 2011-12-16 08:55
EXERCISE 19

1.  定位到“most rhinovirus strains bind to the same kind of molecule
(delta-receptors) on a cell's surface when they attack human cells ”  答案E。
2.  定位到“Colonno realized that an antibody binding to the common receptors of a
human cell would prevent rhinoviruses from initiating an infection”选D。
3.  托福阅读法:B
4.  通过转折知道后面一定是一件好的事情,这个工程带来的好处,与多花钱相对:
A.  个人感觉涨得快降得也快。只是都说了快,没说涨幅和降幅的数量关系,不够
明确,不知道stable在了一个什么价位。即使说的是降得也快,这也不是什么
好事儿,降价对于政府来讲就更亏了。
B.  保护即将干涸的湖泊;增加旅游收入
C.  找到买油的地方了,跟题目无关;
D.    Another选项,与题目无关;即使是这样,也不能降低成本;
E.  与成本无关
5.  定位在“they failed to recognize that feminism was then a truly international
movement actually centered in Europe”A.  
6.  定位在“which was already popularizing feminist ideas in Europe during the two
decades that culminated in the first women‘s rights conference held at Seneca
Falls”答案D。
7.  定位在
This succession was based primarily on a series of deposits and events not
directly related to glacial and interglacial periods
=Tangentially  答案A。
8.  文章是一个小负大正的评价,BC全正排除掉,E全负排除掉,D的确两者兼顾了,
但是文章只是说在Pleistocene epoch这个分类还不错,但没说其他的都不行。    
A是正确答案。
9.  L3-L8可以得出答案  ABC。
10. When speaking of Romare Bearden, one is tempted to say, ―A great Black
American artist.
表明了后面要表达内容的目的。
作者: sqsy1989    时间: 2011-12-18 09:18
顶普度哥  求更新  如果我自己做完了  我可以帮发下解答吗
作者: 普渡哥    时间: 2011-12-18 09:39
EXERCISE 20

1.  定位到“Usually, it is possible to conclude that the inclusions are older than their
diamond hosts‖  答案 D。
A.  包含关系说反了;
B.  没提derive的关系;
C.  Rare igneous rocks  是 however  之前的内容;
D.  正确答案
E.  同 C;
2.  通过“determine the age”找到答案。
3.    文章第一段最后一句话设问,后面两段进行讨论解答,得出答案:B。
4.  Except 题,逐项定位:
A. “These people lack cell-surface receptors for low-density lipoproteins
(LDL’s), which are the fundamental carriers of blood cholesterol to the body
cells that use cholesterol”,没有具体对 body cell 分类讨论,不涉及which 的
问题。
B.  定位第三段“it was known that LDL?s are secreted from the liver in the form
of a precursor, called very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL’s),”点到为止,没
说怎么发现这个关系的。
C.  定位“Normally, the majority of the VLDL remnants go to the liver where they
bind to LDL receptors and are degraded”,回答了问题。
5.  文章说比普通的多,如果和普通的一样会如何,定位
Watanabe further found that the rabbits, like humans with familial
hypercholesterolemia, lacked LDL receptors. Thus, scientists could study these
Watanabe rabbits to gain a better understanding of familial
hypercholesterolemia in humans.
A.  不会,只能是一样;
B.  同上;
C.  正确答案;
D.  分泌关系搞反了;
E.  没有这种免疫的感觉;
6.  只有关键词“Watanabe rabbit”,第二、三段都有,都进行定位;
A.  和第二段内容相反;
B. “What scientists learned by studying the Watanabe rabbits is that the
removal of the VLDL remnant requires the LDL receptor“ 、
VLDL的减少需要LDL receptor, W rabbit缺少LDL receptor,所以VLDL多;
C.  ―The triglycerides are removed from the VLDL?s by fatty and other tissues‖,
文章没有提到 triglycerides 的多少问题,所以无从了解 fatty and other tissues;  
D.  和 B相反;
E.  偷换概念,文章说的是LDL receptor 不是LDL;
7.  对文章最后一句话取反,即使反对者的观点。
8.  如果词认识就是托福阅读题,如果不认识,当做一道大填空题做(即使认识,推荐
后者用填空的思想再去验证一次);
But the Puerto Rican intellectuals who have written most about the assimilation
process in the United States all advance cultural nationalist views, advocating
the preservation of minority cultural distinctions and rejecting what they see as
the ______ of colonial nationalities.  
直接把他们的观点带入即可。答案 B。
Subjection
1 a : to bring under control or dominion : SUBJUGATE    
b : to make (as oneself) amenable to the discipline and control of a superior
2 : to make liable : PREDISPOSE
3 : to cause or force to undergo or endure (something unpleasant, inconvenient,
or trying
9.  一个类比,推出假设;
10. 定位在:
Political conditions, as well as a certain anti-intellectual bias, prepared
Americans and the American media to better receive Friedan?s deradicalized and
highly pragmatic The Feminine Mystique, published in 1963, than Beauvoir?s
theoretical reading of women?s situation in The Second Sex. In 1953 when The
Second Sex first appeared in translation in the United State.
A.  因为政治的变革, translation,后文也讲了国家进入了反共的时期,而 Beauvoir
又被怀疑同情马克思。
B.  事实上 Deradicalized还不足以证明这一点,因为在 NO.题的原文中后面还有
一段话:
Open acknowledgement of the existence of women‘s oppression was too
radical for the United States in the fifties, and Beauvoir‘s conclusion, that
change in women‘s economic condition, though insufficient by itself,
―remains the basic factor‖ in improving women‘s situation, was particularly
unacceptable.
答案是AB
作者: phoenixsunz    时间: 2011-12-19 23:18
顶普渡哥!
作者: 普渡哥    时间: 2011-12-20 08:36
EXERCISE 21

1.  题干问的是as it is expressed不能单纯只定位第一句话;
往后看一句,可以知道答案是D。
2.  通过第二段的转折“But in fact, only one star in thirty dies such a violent death”
以及后面通篇举得例子就是为了说明这个观点,答案D。
3.  都是有点儿相反的感觉,A和D的最大区别是是否有fact;E的gathering data木
有提;答案A。

4.  定位在
A huge rate of mass loss (1 M⊙  every 10,000 years) has been deduced from
infrared observations of ammonia (NH3) molecules located in the circumstellar
cloud around IRC+10216.
通过红字的部分应该可以合理的推断出observations of ammonia是IRC+10216
释放出的物质;
A.  看见了敏感词only,没看见CO;
B.  正确答案;
C.  如果我们deduce的是age,那么这个就选C;
D.  1 M⊙  every 10,000 years;
E.  没有体现;
5.  定位在
Astronomers suggest that stars like IRC+10216 are actually ―proto-planetary
nebulas–old giant stars whose dense cores have almost but not quite rid
themselves of the fluffy envelopes of gas around them. Once the star has lost the
entire envelope, its exposed core becomes the central star of the planetary
nebula and heats and ionizes the last vestiges of the envelope as it flows away
into space.
答案A;
6.  定位
Schubert and Brahms, however, used elements of popular music—folk
themes—in works clearly intended as high art.
和前一个例子相对,答案明显E;
7.  一道有争议的题目D&E;
8.  选B不选A是因为文章给出了A的答案;
9.  很简答的细节题:
The families differ in appearance, structure of body hair, and arrangement of
eyes. Only Uloborids lack venom glands.
10. 逐个看一下:
A.  没提evolve;(survive不一定就是evolve的结果,也许人家品种本来就很牛逼,
都能活下来,到不了evolve这种程度);
B.  由同一物种进化而来,可能只是evolve1次;
C.  由同一物种进化而来,可能只是evolve1次;
D.  lants in the Cactaceae and Euphorbiaceae families evolved independently
对应了原文
indicates that the families evolved from different ancestors, thereby
contradicting Wiehle‘s theory;
E.  有点和A选项类似;
作者: 普渡哥    时间: 2011-12-21 10:46
EXERCISE 22

1.  定位在
“In that case, he argues, any statement or combination of statements (not
merely the ―offending generalization, as in classical empiricism) can be altered
to achieve the fundamental requirement”
答案D;

2.  定位在
any observation of a non red ball refutes unequivocally the proposed
generalization
A.  说反了;
B.  答案;
C.  说反了;
3.  定位在第二段
Space-probe photographs indicate the existence of giant volcanoes on the
Martian surface. From the small number of impact craters that appear on
Martian lava flows
答案E;
4.  定位在
recent measurements suggest that since Io?s surface is rich in sulfur and sodium,
the chemical composition of its volcanic products would probably be unlike that
of the shergottites. Moreover, any fragments dislodged from Io by interbody
impact would be unlikely to escape the gravitational pull of Jupiter
通过两个理由驳斥shergottites  从Io来的,前提是这两条是判定的依据;
答案AC;
5.  之前出过;
6.  主旨题,文章一直在强调一致,并且一直在反对哪些说不一致落的人,最后也落在
了一致性上,所以是E, 不是CD;
7.  题干问的是
author of the passage reinforce his criticism of responses such as Isaacs' to
Raisin in the Sun.
所以应该是介绍完Isaacs观点后的BUT
8.  批评者和选项的观点都是都是缺乏能力导致结果而非刻意如此做,答案C;
9.  主旨题,E的findings最准确;
10. 支持观点,支持假设即可,也就是(1)(2)的内容,II.将(1)的内容的逆否命题,
IV.把(2)的内容直接取反了,所以只有II正确,答案A。
作者: 普渡哥    时间: 2011-12-22 10:25
EXERCISE 23

1.  定位在
“The common belief of some linguist”直觉告诉我们应该就是B,辅以后面的内容,
答案B。
2.  都是代词指代不明;
3.  逐个排除:
A.  "He took his stick-no, not John's, but his own."
B.  No language is perfect, and if we admit this truth, we must also admit that it
is not unreasonable to investigate the relative merits of different languages
or of different details in languages.
C.  可以同上;
D.  文章第一句和第二句;
E.  文章全是负评价;不存在paradox;
4.  两个模型:
i.  机械能转化为磁能,磁能转化为机械能维持其自给自足的运转,可以运
转很久;
ii.  维持运转靠着磁能的不断消耗,所以将来会发生变化;
答案B;
5.  Oil boom→crime increase 因为no oil boom的时候  crime not increase
答案B说的就是这种感觉;
6.  定位在:
Many factors internal to the play, but perhaps most especially the prominence of
the chorus, led scholars to consider it one of Aeschylus' earlier works. The
consensus was that here was a drama truly reflecting an early stage in the
evolution of tragedy out of choral lyric. The play was dated as early as the 490's
B.C., in any event, well before Aeschylus' play The Persians of 472 B.C.
答案B;
7.  两种方法,density-independent  和density-dependent;答案  A;
8.  说缺点,也就是第二段的主题句:
This dichotomy has its uses, but it can cause problems if taken too literally.
9.  定位在:
For populations that remain relatively constant, or that oscillate around repeated
cycles, the signal can be fairly easily characterized and its effects described, even
though the causative biological mechanism may remain unknown
答案E;
10. 定位在第一段:
some populations remain roughly constant from year to year; others exhibit
regular cycles of abundance and scarcity; still others vary wildly, with outbreaks
and crashes that are in some cases plainly correlated with the weather, and in
other cases not.
作者: 普渡哥    时间: 2011-12-23 07:49
EXERCISE 24

1.  E排除了一种可能存在的他因,支持了观点。
2.  注意:不要忽略文章的TS,后面的内容都是对他的成就的具体的体现;
3.  Condescending:to descend to a less formal or dignified level : UNBEND
4.  逐个定位:The seismic records must be processed to correct for positional
(B)  differences between the source and the receiver, for unrelated wave
trains(A), and for multiple reflections from the rock interfaces;
it generates a wave train that moves downward at a speed determined uniquely
by the rock's elastic characteristics.(C)  
5.  As each source is activated, it generates a wave train that moves downward at a
speed determined uniquely by the rock's elastic characteristics;
elastic characteristics是唯一能够产生这个wave被检测到根源,如果有东西跟这
个辨识标志相似那么,检测结果必然会受到干扰。
6.  开头结论,后面展开讨论过程和细节;答案D;
7.  定位在:
One is that science would destroy the vain and pleasing illusions people have
about themselves; but we might ask why people have always loved to read
pessimistic, debunking writings
 科学是最后一个被人类发展的,言外之意就是发展的最慢的,这段文字给出了一种
解释,是因为科学破坏了人们拥有的美妙的幻象;but转折后,作者质疑了这种解释,
既然这样,为什么还有很多人读一些解密的著作呢?  答案选E
8.  aradox韦氏字典的解释:
statement that is seemingly contradictory or opposed to common sense and yet
is perhaps true
而我们往往只是记住了这个解释:
a self-contradictory statement that at first seems true  
9.  定位在
He found that microbial synthesis of siderophores -- substances that bind iron --
in bacteria of the genus Salmonella declined at environmental temperatures
above 37°C and stopped at 40.3°C.
答案D重复原文内容;
10. 文章后面一直在讲iron对细菌的重要性,想要干掉它,分离他们即可,答案C;
作者: 普渡哥    时间: 2011-12-25 09:50
EXERCISE 25

1.  定位在:
 such molecules are synthesized far less readily when oxygen-containing(current
atmospheric conditions)compounds dominate the atmosphere    
答案A.
2.  定位在:
some scientists have precipitously ventured hypotheses that attempt to explain
the development, from lager molecules, of the earliest self-duplicating organisms
答案D;
3.  只有A表达了对机械化对女人工作变革的质疑的感觉,符合文章观点,答案A
Bear out:证实。
4.  作者认为哪个选项才能预示着女人们工作地位的根本改变?
个人感觉定位在:
Fundamentally, however, the conditions under which women work have
changed little since before the Industrial Revolution: the segregation of
occupations by gender, lower pay for women as a group, jobs that require
relatively low levels of skill and offer women little opportunity for advancement
all persist
D选项中的内容是将红字部分取反;
5.  定位在
The employment of young women in textile mills during the Industrial
Revolution was largely an extension of an older pattern of employment of young,
single women as domestics
答案B;
6.  题干问的是best
选A的要注意一下
定位在
Mechanization may even have slowed any change in the traditional position of
women both in the labor market and in the home.  
回顾一下文章的结构:
第一段:老观点,Mechanization促进了女性工作地位的变革;
第二段:新观点,Mechanization并没有促进女性工作地位的变革;
最后一段,总结:Mechanization甚至减缓了女性工作地位的变革;
A和B比较一下,B的beyond the evidence presented in the passage更符合这种
感觉。答案B。
7.  文章说,过去的40年,农药的大量使用并且使用的更加灵活,但同一时期却伴随
着由某种全世界泛滥的害虫引起的农作物损失的增加,排除这些害虫针对这种农药
产生抗性的可能;
问题是,哪个成立能够解释这个现象
A.  无效的农药不再广泛使用,隐含的结果应该是杀得更多了,排除;
B.  用农药得不偿失;
C.  observe their fields more closely,同A;
D.  某种杀虫方法虽然不包含农药成分,但依然很有效;  
E.  农药对人类和牲畜的影响,与题目无关;
答案B。
8.  定位在but which can fix nitrogen by converting nitrogen gas into a usable form
答案C;
9.  真的没别的选的了,只能选B;严重怀疑又是一篇ETS从哪儿截过来的文章;
定位在例子前面的说理:
Researchers are finding that in many ways an individual bacterium is more
analogous to a component cell of a multicellular organism than it is to a
free-living, autonomous organism
A.  文章没明确提过单细胞的概念,同时Among photosynthetic bacteria,
Anabaena is unusual,小偷换了一下概念;  
B.  没有上下文,不好说B就正确;
CDE都没啥关系;
10. 选E,最确切;
作者: 普渡哥    时间: 2011-12-26 10:01
EXERCISE 26

1.  E选项说取样范围更广,考虑了各种路况,完善了统计调查,支持了结论。
2.  逐个排除:
A.  unusually warm water extends along the eastern Pacific, principally along the
coasts of Ecuador and Peru,排除;
B.  winds blow from the west into the warmer air rising over the warm water in
the east,答案;
C.  没提发生的几率,以及是否可预测性;
D.  没提范围;
E.  没提。
3.  对三个选项取反,回原文找答案:
A.  Wind _send_ signal_generate_ negative Rossby wave;  
B.  which raise sea level in the cast,simultaneously send a signal to the west
lowering sea level;
C.  blocks the normal upwelling of deeper, cold water in the east and further
warms the eastern water;  
都可以找到答案,答案ABC;
4.  题干:(不认真读题的孩纸伤不起啊)
According to the passage, Cressy would agree with which of the following
statements about the organizers among the English immigrants to New
England in the 1630's?
定位在:
most notably the organizers and clergy, advanced religious explanations for
departure
When he moves beyond the principal actors  这后面就跟他们没关系了;
答案B;
5.  很简单  
Most adult immigrants were skilled in farming or crafts, were literate
Each of these characteristics sharply distinguishes the 21,000 people who left for
New England in the 1630's from most of the approximately 377,000 English
people who had immigrating, to America by 1700;
literate 直接取反即可;
6.  这道题告诉我一件事情,永远不要用最后一段的总结句作为文章的主题,尤其是长
文章!他们经常作为最后一个段落的总结,这些句子很有可能是对主题的延伸或者
扩展。长文章主旨放眼全文。
A.  我误选了,因为最后一段的句子给我的干扰;仔细阅读后
1.  没有debate,第二段是一个补充,待完善;  
2.  没仔细看清楚其实最后一句只是对例子的总结;
B.  主题不是airflow patterns;
C.  random events,只是提了一句会有危险,没展开,不是主题;
D.  答案;
E.  capture pollen不是主要内容;
7.  题干问这个东西aerodynamic environments are primarily determined by_____
These studies suggest that species frequently take advantage of the physics of
pollen motion by generating specific aerodynamic environments within the
immediate vicinity of their female reproductive organs
by表方式手段,从而:
aerodynamic environments determined take advantage of the physics of pollen
motion;
真正的答案在后面
It is the morphology of these organs that dictates the pattern of airflow
disturbances(=aerodynamic environments)
答案:C
8.  定位在改善的段落:
A critical question that remains to be answered is whether the morphological
attributes of the female reproductive organs of wind-pollinated species are
evolutionary adaptations to wind pollination or are merely fortuitous.
答案E;  
9.  定位在:
However, these patterns cannot be viewed as an adaptation to wind pollination
because the spiral arrangement occurs in a number of non-wind-pollinated plant
lineages
取反即可,答案A
10. She shunned bodily ornamentation and strove to use only the natural
movements of her body, undistorted by acrobatic exaggeration and stimulated
only by internal compulsion.  
感觉不明显。。。
作者: 普渡哥    时间: 2011-12-27 10:34
EXERCISE 27

1.  问的是文章结构:
The more that is discovered about the intricate organization of the nervous
system, the more it seems remarkable that genes can successfully specify the
development of that system. (这里只是一个假设或者是推论,不能是一个详细的
例证,所以不选A)Human genes contain too little information even to specify
which hemisphere of the brain each of a human's 1010 neurons should occupy,
let alone the hundreds of connections that each neuron makes. For such reasons,
we can assume that there must be an important random factor in neural
development, and in particular, that errors must and do occur in the
development of all normal brains.
答案D; observation<>fact/example/specifics, 有可能是观察事实后得到的观点。
2.  定位第一段:
Inheritors of some of the viewpoints of early twentieth- century Progressive
historians such as Beard and Becker, these recent historians have put forward
arguments that deserve evaluation.
A.  Isolate 新信息;
B.  Connection 新信息;
C.  提了普通的两个人名体现不出这个理论的重要性;
D.  First  新信息
E.  答案;
3.  定位:
Where it did not, the disputing rebels of one or another class usually became
Loyalists. Loyalism thus operated as a safety valve to remove socioeconomic
discontent that existed among the rebels
答案E;
这道题的难度在于每个选项的定语从句,修饰关系读清楚;
4.  逐个定位:
A.  though recent statistics suggest a narrowing of economic opportunity,排除;
B.  上面半句的加上as the latter half of the century progressed;
C.  prevented such disputes from hardening along class lines;Despite these
vague categories
答案BC;
5.  定位:state governments dominated by eastern interests,答案A。
6.  D很好的在两个相关差异性间建立了联系;
7.  not fully understood, however, they cannot rely on observations
告诉了我们这里还存在问题,还有待完善解决的地方,答案B;
8.  Earth's outer core定位在第一句话;
9.  According to Arrom, households headed by females and instances of women
working outside the home were much more common than scholars have
estimated
答案E;
10. 定位在:
However, this is not so much a weakness in her work as it is the inevitable result
of scholars? neglect of this period.
答案B
作者: let3699    时间: 2011-12-27 10:43
thanks for sharing~~
作者: astridelf    时间: 2011-12-27 12:51
顶!
作者: a273007862    时间: 2011-12-27 23:52
顶啊~~
作者: 普渡哥    时间: 2011-12-28 10:07
EXERCISE 28

1.  定位在第一段:
A.  If she defines feminist criticism as creative and intuitive, privileged as art,
then her work becomes vulnerable to the prejudices of stereotypic ideas
about the ways in which women think;
B.  For women feminist literary critic, the subjectivity versus objectivity, or
critic-as-artist-or-scientist
C.  If she defines feminist criticism as creative and intuitive, privileged as art,
then her work becomes vulnerable to the prejudices
2.  定位在:
then her work becomes vulnerable to the prejudices of stereotypic ideas about
the ways in which women think,答案B;
3.  定位第二段第一句话,Less …than…  强调than以后的内容,同意重复即是A选
项。
A.  答案;
B.  说的是than之前的内容;
C.  没说不重要;
D.  原文:These questions are political in the sense that the debate
没说解决的问题,更没说debate是解决问题的唯一选择;
E.  没说男人女人;
4.  定位在:
But this evolutionary mechanism combining dissymmetry, anatomy, and chance
does not provide an adequate explanation of why right-handedness should have
become predominant.
答案D;
5.  this evolutionary mechanism (combining dissymmetry, anatomy, and chance),
指代的内容应该在上一段,括号的内容给出了它的特征;
定位:
Presumably an individual of the rarer form would have relative difficulty in
finding a mate of the same hand, thus keeping the rare form rare or creating
geographically separated right- and left-handed populations.
答案:C
6.  定位:
One explanation for the differing effects is that all Lymnaea peregra eggs begin
left-handed but most switch to being right-handed.
答案:E
7.  第一种解释不能证明why right-handedness should have become predominant,
第二个可以;答案:C
8.  Reason对应文中的Why,后面就是解释:
Perhaps he believed that he could not criticize American foreign policy without
endangering the support for civil rights that he had won from the federal
government.
9.  结论:An economist concluded that Kregg Company deliberately discriminated
against people with a history of union affiliation in hiring workers for its new
plant.  (一个经济学家总结出了一个规律:在新工厂招募中K公司刻意的歧视那
些有工会历史的人);为什么呢?
原因1:新工厂只有100/1500的工人有工会历史;
原因2:老工厂的比例比这个高得多;
问隐藏的假设是什么?
这假设就是作者利用两个统计结果推出结论这个reasoning中依赖的或者是需要补
充来加强这个推理的论据;所以这个论据至少应该是在统计数据和结论之间建立的
联系,假设是结论成立的必要条件。只要假设不成立,结论就必然不成立(充分性)。
我们发现D选项中,根本没有涉及任何和统计数据相关的概念,没有在前提和结
论间建立起桥梁的联系,所以D是此题的无关选项;我们将D取非,车间里有工
会成本不会很高一定就能充分的推出招募过程中不存在歧视问题吗?未必,还需要
其他条件的支持,比如老板的脾气秉性,也许老板不在乎钱,但就是看不惯你们工
会那帮人(比如大卫斯特恩)花钱买个痛快,所以D不是结论成立的必要条件。
我们看E,E是在帮助作者补充支持新工厂和老工厂比较差异性,并无他因。
工厂老板会反驳作者说:“我们不是歧视他们啊,相反我们特别喜欢成立工会,希
望找到有这样经验的人,但是,您看我们新工厂方圆几百公里以内都找不到一个有
工会经验的人,我们也是没有办法啊~”
于是作者亮出了E选项,你们候选人里这么多工会的人了,不是没有,就是你们不
招,你们瞧不起他们,驳斥了工厂老板的狡辩。
同样我们把E取非,招聘的时候所有的候选人没有一个是工会的人,所以我们不需
要任何其他的条件的支持,就一定就能得出他们在招募新员工过程中一定不会存在
歧视工会人的问题,因为根本没有工会的人的存在,所以E才是结论成立的必要条
件,也就是前提假设。答案E。
10. 定位在:as most of these experiments support traditional quantum mechanics,
Einstein's approach is almost certainly erroneous.
答案:B
作者: 普渡哥    时间: 2011-12-29 10:57
EXERCISE 29

1.  定位Analyzing the physics of dance can add fundamentally to a dancer's skill
体现一种学科交叉的感觉。
2.  逐个定位:
A.  rotational motions require more complex approaches that involve analyses of
the way the body's mass is distributed;
B.  can be studied using simple equations of linear motion in three dimensions.;
C.  and the sources of the forces that produce the rotational movement;
3.  论据:一个关于医疗保险的调查称:30%的一只手的患者三年内都需要第二次进行
这个治疗;
结论:这个治疗从长期看是无效的;
 题目问的是weaken:
 A: 报告中没说清楚两次是否为同一只手,质疑了结论;
4.  定位:
Fourteenth Amendment, was designed primarily to counter the Supreme Court's
ruling in Dred Scott v. Sandford that Black people in the United States could be
denied citizenship;
阐述了制定的目的,答案B;
5.  The Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, ratified in 1868;
the Civil Rights Act of 1866;
This declaration(Civil Rights), which was echoed in the text of the Fourteenth
Amendment, was designed primarily to counter the Supreme Court's ruling in
Dred Scott v. Sandford
可以知道Dred Scott v. Sandford一定先于前两个;
Congress promptly overrode Johnson's veto ;Veto by President Johnson一定在
颁布之前;
答案D;
6.  托福做法即可;
7.  定位:Once a year, in the spring, this plant starts to grow rapidly in the lake,答
案E;
8.  Many of the important effects of organisms are related to their physiology,
especially growth and respiration.
9.  看转折前:
nonverbal thought is sometimes seen as a primitive stage in the development of
cognitive processes and inferior to verbal or mathematical thought;
转折后应该同上相反,体现出design的重要性来,engineering students  并没有像
architectural students  那样drawings made of machines and isometric views of
industrial processes for its historical record of American engineering;答案E;
10. If courses in design, which in a strongly analytical engineering curriculum
provide the background required for practical problem-solving, are not provided,
we can expect to encounter silly but costly errors occurring in advanced
engineering systems
答案D;
作者: 普渡哥    时间: 2011-12-30 09:03
EXERCISE 30

1.  定位sought to persuade women to vacate jobs in factories或者and women could
be quite legally fired, refused jobs, or kept at low wage levels;答案A;
2.  Sex-defined protective laws have often been based on stereotypical assumptions
concerning women's needs and abilities, and employers have frequently used
them as legal excuses for discriminating against women.  
揭示了这个立法的本质;D符合这个感觉;  
3.  一次递推就能得出D;
4.  Lewis' treatment of the Eros and Psyche story and one of his best-executed and
most moving works, is merely mentioned by Wilson, though it illuminates Lewis'
spiritual development, whereas Lewis' minor work Pilgrim's Regress is looked at
in considerable detail.
答案B;
5.  Till We Have Faces, Lewis' treatment of the Eros and Psyche story and one of his
best-executed and most moving works
答案D
6.  注意evaluation和theory的区别;答案A;
7.  主旨题,答案D,文章一直讨论的是形成的原因,以及变化影响;
8.  AB说法与文章相反,CD没提,答案E;
9.  通过实验可知道D;
10. 检测到数目比按照理论预测的要少,于是就退出了理论不正确;
D说了少是因为你的方法不当,只能测出10%不到,不是理论不正确,削弱了结论;
作者: doctor723    时间: 2011-12-30 22:15
标题: thank u!
不是很理解exercise 15的12题唉、、、
作者: 普渡哥    时间: 2011-12-31 11:27
EXERCISE 31

1.  新的灯泡省电,所以推出会节约成本;
但是成本是由电能消耗和灯泡价格等因素共同决定的,A给了这个补充支持了原文;
2.  Caterpillars contract wilt disease when they eat a leaf to which the virus, encased
in a protein globule, has become attached;  答案A;
3.  第三段将第一段和第二段的方法融合在一起,发现其中的矛盾点。答案D;
4.  通过immune 可以定位在最后一段:
The trees' own defenses raise the threshold of caterpillar vulnerability to the
disease, allowing populations to grow denser without becoming more susceptible
to infection.
5.  In general, the more concentrated the phenols in tree leaves, the less deadly the
virus.  可以选出A.  
BC在文章中都没有体现,答案BC.
6.  their bilingual culture clearly fostered an exuberant and compelling oral
tradition.  答案A
7.  这个第三句居然不高亮,自己数就是:
This Spanish-English difference is not surprising
紧接着就是后面的内容,对前一句进行了解释,答案D。
8.  既然这么问了,作为总起段,肯定段落里要涉及到第一段和第二段的内容,并加以
联系,答案B。
9.  the better the art, the more subversive it is of the traditional aims of art.  答案E.
10. 可以直接选C。
作者: 普渡哥    时间: 2012-1-1 12:23
EXERCISE 32

1.  The recent change to all-volunteer armed forces in the United States will
eventually produce a gradual increase in the proportion of women in the armed
forces and in the variety of women?s assignments  答案A。
注意:C选项的在文中只是the federal sanction of equal pay for equal work,而不
是governing the military
2.  A chemical reaction corresponds to the transition of a molecule from the bottom
of one potential well to the bottom of another
In tunneling, the reacting molecules tunnel from the bottom of one to the
bottom of another well
答案:B;
3.  Cosmic rays (high-energy protons and other particles) might trigger the
synthesis;A是针对这个环节的取非。
4.  Hoyle and Wickramasinghe argued that molecules of interstellar formaldehyde
have indeed evolved into stable polysaccharides such as cellulose and starch
E为干扰选项,谁形成谁的关系搞反了,答案D;
5.  第一段先说了老的定律,然后第二段给了新的反例,答案D;
6.  题干问的是一种比较被削弱,肯定就是same就好了,答案B;
7.  第一段和第二段的内容解释了A,BC没说;答案BC;
8.  问assumption,D选项,把论据和论点建立了很好的联系,取非后可以独立直接
干掉论点,答案D;
9.  文章在做两者的比较,提出其中一种的特点,目的也还是为了比较;答案C;
B选项无中生有的多了一个限定;
10. 一直说不同点,那么前一段正常来讲会说相同点,答案B;
作者: tiandoudou    时间: 2012-1-3 09:01
标题: 新东方绿皮阅读有没有答案解析啊
新东方绿皮阅读有没有答案解析啊?谢谢
作者: 普渡哥    时间: 2012-1-3 12:15
EXERCISE 33

1.  However, Smith fails to recognize that this division of power
能够体现出一正一反的感觉的只有C;
2.  The author of the passage implies that which of the following occurred after the
Iroquois were resettled on reservations early in the nineteenth century
定位在:
Prior to resettlement, the chiefs' council controlled only the broad policy of the
tribal league; individual tribes had institutions― most important, the
longhouse― to govern their own affairs.
说的是council control:tribal > individual; 答案应该是上述内容取反,答案B;
3.  主旨题:没有对比的感觉排除AB,没有出现关键词排除DE,答案C;
4.  more complicated songs used mainly in mate attraction; like such visual
ornamentation as the peacock's tail, elaborate vocal characteristics increase the
male's chances of being chosen as a mate
答案D;
5.  When female cowbirds raised in isolation in soundproof chambers were exposed
to recordings of male song, they responded by exhibiting mating behavior
in isolation in soundproof 一定是为了后面的实验目的准备的,排除其他的干扰,
只让她暴露在雄鸟的歌声中,答案A;
6.  Unlike the song sparrow, which repeats one of its several song types in bouts
before switching to another, the warbler continuously composes much longer
and more variable songs without repetition
答案:D;
7.  A说的其实不是减少了而是少报了,削弱质疑了结论;
8.  不懂。
9.  According to Frey, these refugees -- the most successful of the African American
Revolutionary War participants -- viewed themselves as the ideological heirs of
the American Revolution. Frey sees this inheritances reflected in their demands
for the same rights that the American revolutionaries had demanded from the
British: land ownership, limits to arbitrary authority and burdensome taxes, and
freedom of religion.
通过这个可以知道Canadian和American都层遭受过British的政策同样的不公。
10. 同样定位上一句,两者是需求相似的感觉,C选项符合这个感觉;
作者: 普渡哥    时间: 2012-1-4 03:43
EXERCISE 34

1.  Filmmakers are aware that an art object demands concentration and, at the
same time, are concerned that it may not be compelling enough-and so they
hope to provide relief by interposing "real" scenes that bear only a tangential
relationship to the subject. But a work of art needs to be explored on its own
terms;
不要被第一句话迷惑,那是被作者干掉的观点。答案C;
2.  art historians need to trust that one can indicate and analyze, not solely with
words, but also by directing the viewer's gaze.  答案E;
3.  定位在:
When enzymes attach glucose to proteins (enzymatic glycosylation), they do so
at a specific site on a specific protein molecule for a specific purpose;
对应C,其他两个选项文章没提,答案AB;
4.  The molecules combine, forming what is called a Schiff base within the protein.
This combination is unstable and quickly rearranges itself into a stabler, but still
reversible, substance known as an Amadori product.
答案D;
5.  详细叙述了Nonenzymatic glycosylation的过程,答案E;
6.  Nonenzymatic glycosylation begins when an aldehyde group (CHO) of glucose
and an amino group (NH2) of a protein are attracted to each other
只是提了,但是没有说数量,所以是D;
A中the tissue has been exposed to free glucose实际上就是glycosylation,不能说
没有关系;

7.  只有具有天赋,才能上课;  天赋是上课的前提假设(必要条件),上课是天赋的
充分条件;
文章结论是:那些都应该来上课;若想让上课成立,那么其前提假设必须成立,即
那些上课人必须要有天赋,答案A;
8.  定位:
Keasey found that six- year-old children not only distinguish between accidental
and intentional harm, but also judge intentional harm as naughtier, regardless of
the amount of damage produced.
Both of these findings seem to indicate that children, at an earlier age than
Piaget claimed, advance into the second stage of moral development
答案:B
9.  advance into the second stage of moral development, moral autonomy, in which
they accept social rules but view them as more arbitrary than do children in the
first stage
10. 定位在第二段第二行:fourteen such models;往后看一直是优点,然后欣喜的看
见了But:
But when clouds were incorporated, a wide range of forecasts was produced.
作者: 普渡哥    时间: 2012-1-5 07:14
EXERCISE 35

1.  例子之前就是想表达的内容,找for example之前的那句话。
2.  New pitcher和C选项都是“新的”;
3.  A选项定位:
radiative properties of methane make it 20 times more effective, molecule for
molecule, than carbon dioxide in absorbing radiant heat.
BC文中未涉及,答案BC;
4.  定位在:
it apparently lags behind temperature during periods of cooling;答案:E
5.  根据carbon dioxide与temperature的对应关系可以知道,答案:B;也可以排除
法:
A.  Methane也是正相关的关系,也应该降低;
B.  答案;
C.  第一段提到的内容,与carbon dioxide没有关联性;
D.  Such feedbacks might involve ice on land and sea, clouds, or water vapor,
which also absorb radiant heat,只是说和carbon dioxide一样是certain
positive feedbacks.  两者没有必然的相关性;
E.  应该相反,因为carbon dioxide会吸收infrared radiation;
6.  感觉同上题,methane & carbon dioxide & temperature都是正相关,答案C;
7.  Logic chain:
The essential condition for the decay of the vacuum is the presence of an intense
electric field.
the decay of the vacuum的必要条件是:the presence of an intense electric field,
想要结论不成立,必要条件不成立即可;
“An electric field of sufficient intensity to create a charged vacuum is likely to
be found in only one place: in the immediate vicinity of a super heavy atomic
nucleus”  
告诉我们an intense electric field的必要条件是:in the immediate vicinity of a
super heavy atomic nucleus,  只需必要条件不成立,结论就不成立;
逻辑思路清楚以后,但发现选项里没有这样的选项,这是为什么呢?因为这道题的
定位不在这一段……  更好的定位在这段文章的上一段:
One might expect that the vacuum would always be the state of lowest possible
energy for a given region of space. If an area is initially empty and a real particle
is put into it, the total energy, it seems, should be raised by at least the energy
equivalent of the mass of the added particle. A surprising result of some recent
theoretical investigations is that this assumption is not invariably true. There are
conditions under which the introduction of a real particle of finite mass into an
empty region of space can reduce the total energy. If the reduction in energy is
great enough, an electron and a positron will be spontaneously created. Under
these conditions the electron and positron are not a result of vacuum
fluctuations but are real particles, which exist indefinitely and can be detected.
In other words, under these conditions the vacuum is an unstable
state and can decay into a state of lower energy; i.e., one in which real
particles are created.
8.  This, however, hardly seems a sufficient answer;
Again, we may wonder whether this explanation is sufficient;
两处转折接连干掉之前的两种说法,提出自己的主张,答案B;
9.  文章的主题就是讨论购买奢侈品的动机,答案C;
10. 定位在:but did not affect memory enhancements produced by glucose that was
not stimulated by adrenaline.  答案B;
作者: 普渡哥    时间: 2012-1-6 07:58
EXERCISE 36

1.  Unfortunately, the authors did not point out that their crystals were no larger
than the average crystal grown using other, more standard techniques in an
Earth laboratory
将缺点取非即可,答案C;
2.  the authors reported that they grew lysozyme protein crystals 1,000 times larger
than crystals grown in the same device on Earth.
这已经不是第一次infer的如此明显了,以后只要和文章内容相符就应该是选项。
答案C;
3.  找旧观点的直接的缺点,或者找替代观点的优点,GRE出题更倾向后者:
老缺点:the usual procedure of assigning a large number of small problems
drawn from the entire range of historical periods was abandoned;
新优点:to give them an authentic experience of literary scholarship and to
inspire them to take responsibility for the quality of their own work;据此,得到
答案:E;
4.  可以定位在上题的老缺点,答案E;
5.  可以直接选答案B;
tour de force:绝技;力作;精心杰作;才华横溢;绝招,特技;
ordinance:条例;法令;圣餐礼;
tenet:宗旨;信条;原则;学说;
6.  Furthermore, the structure of most female cycad cones seems inconsistent with
direct pollination by wind.  
结合上下文,答案C;
7.  Experiments show that insects can function as pollinators of cycads, rare,
palmlike tropical plants. (?论点)Furthermore, cycads removed from their
native habitats—and therefore from insects native to those habitats—are usually
infertile.(?论据)
题目问如何让论据更具有可信性,更好的支持论点;
论点说虫子负责传粉,论据说离开虫子栖息地方的cycads都挂了;
在argument里这么推结论,会被批判有无他因;选项里列出了他因,否定了其他
的一些情况,支持了结论;在理科实验中,这样也叫做叫控制变量法,即在证明某
一个因素起作用的时候,需要排除其他因素的干扰;
8.  结论:照射进来的可以刺激销量,同上题的逻辑思路类似:
一半人工灯光,一半有阳光  ?  销量高;(文章论据)
一半人工灯光,一半没阳光  ?  销量低;(对论据补充支持)
答案B;
9.  True, by emphasizing these struggles, such historians have broadened the
conventional view of nineteenth-century feminism, but they do a historical
disservice to suffragism.
10. These historians contend that nineteenth-century suffragism was less radical
and, hence, less important than, for example, the moral reform movement or
domestic feminism—two nineteenth-century movements in which women
struggled for more power and autonomy within the family.
答案:B;
AC中  ―too‖的感觉都没有在文中找到;
这篇文章的大致思路是这样的:
家庭是女生社会地位的最主要因素,历史学家认为suffragism不如feminism深刻
重要,因为suffragism没有怎么涉及家庭这个观念;事实上,历史学家们扩大了传
统观点的对feminism 影响作用,无论feminism和anti-feminism都认为,
suffragism争取的权利是女权斗争中最厉害的最难以争取的,他们与传统的家庭观
念无关,所以历史学家们单单依靠他们没有涉及家庭这个原因否定suffragism是不
正确的。
作者: 山依格紫    时间: 2012-1-10 13:48
ding
作者: kop    时间: 2012-1-14 10:50
出完了,谢谢解答的前辈!
作者: kop    时间: 2012-1-14 10:51
如果可以,能不能把逻辑10套也讲讲?!
作者: leejaypipo    时间: 2012-1-17 23:54
感谢你!
作者: xiaoguoguoer    时间: 2012-1-17 23:58
真心谢过牛!!
作者: 普渡哥    时间: 2012-1-22 03:38
up
作者: 1017760933    时间: 2012-1-24 23:47
牛啊   不过这个讲解的来源是什么啊
作者: Amy1991    时间: 2012-2-7 07:45
ding!!!
作者: Fresh1991    时间: 2012-2-9 21:17
多谢~
作者: 糖果田smile    时间: 2012-2-15 11:16
谢谢
作者: 张闹闹Summer    时间: 2012-2-16 11:11
顶~~~灰常感谢~~~
作者: blueivy    时间: 2012-2-16 11:55
太感谢了
作者: ripse7en    时间: 2012-2-17 23:24
nice!
作者: blueivy    时间: 2012-2-18 15:03
因为原文中说必须有law来control这些艺术的创作,如果没有linear perspective and anatomy, 就会有some other law 来代替……
作者: jingweimo    时间: 2012-2-19 15:16

作者: Lynneee    时间: 2012-2-19 18:59
M

作者: CynthiaYing    时间: 2012-2-21 20:14
求做个word版的~~~
作者: sam001386    时间: 2012-2-26 23:52
谢谢普渡哥~
作者: 紫晶水纹    时间: 2012-2-29 00:36
标题: mm

作者: adam0325    时间: 2012-3-2 09:35
问下 做后面几套题 一套题限制在多长时间啊
马上要考了 还不知道每段语文考几个题 多长时间呢
作者: wnini89    时间: 2012-3-4 23:44
太感谢了! 正需要呢~
作者: sam001386    时间: 2012-3-6 09:23
非常感谢~
作者: fated2010    时间: 2012-3-7 12:29
好多解释都是没道理的。。。
作者: 甜甜的    时间: 2012-3-14 20:26
Thanks for sharing!
作者: bob8995    时间: 2012-3-15 11:50

作者: 洛ccqq    时间: 2012-3-16 21:18
牛人啊,太感谢了,谢谢分享~~~
作者: ddzerogre    时间: 2012-3-17 12:25
感动不已
作者: yangfan209    时间: 2012-3-17 14:43
好东西
作者: randycactus    时间: 2012-3-24 14:30
普渡众人呐!!大乘佛法之人啊!
作者: 豆豆爱天天    时间: 2012-3-27 17:29
Purdue哥神马的最好了~~!
作者: Leshren    时间: 2012-4-2 16:10
up
作者: waterspirits    时间: 2012-4-4 20:35
请问题在哪里?




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