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Although the earliest surviving Greek inscriptions written in an alphabet date from the eighth century B.C., a strong case can be made that the Greeks actually adopted alphabetic writing at least two centuries earlier. Significantly, the text of these earliest surviving Greek inscriptions sometimes runs from right to left and sometimes from left to right. Now, the Greeks learned alphabetic writing from the Phoenicians, and in the process they would surely have adopted whatever convention the Phoenicians were then using with respect to the direction of writing. Originally, Phoenician writing ran in either direction, but by the eighth century B.C. it had been consistently written from right to left for about two centuries.

In the argument given, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?

wonderland gg喜欢问boldface题哦，boldface题大多是把题目看懂，看准连接词就没问题了。

1. 尽管希腊碑铭被定为BC800年，其实它应该早200年（第一个boldface）（文章所要论述的结论）。

2. G从P那里学到这种文字，they would surely 学习他们的任何写字习惯（这点并没有依据，仅仅为作者的假设）（第二个boldface），因为G所模范的P这种习惯比BC800年还要早200年，所以进而支持结论。

谢谢。我确实觉得B/F题很搞。太抽象，所以误判率高于其他逻辑题。

我对答案没有疑异。但是题目里的now干扰了我很久，这个地方为什么用now,是不是这个词打错了，是know什么的？

偶开始也对这个now很是困惑，导致这个题目的先后逻辑关系被搞颠倒了。后来特意查了一下关于这个now，它还有另外的意思是

2 now做为conj. 有“既然”的意思，此处now更多应该是充当了这个作用的

题目在NOW前说公元前8世纪时G的写法从左往右写的有，从右往左写的也有，这里的now的意思是2世纪后的“现在”，即公元前6世纪。

At this point in the series of events; then:在一系列事件的一点；那时：
例句：The ship was now listing to port. 船当时正向港口开进

为什么不选C呢？答案 The first presents evidence that is used in support of the position that the argument seeks to establish; the second presents an assumption on which the argument relies.而文中a strong case can be made that the Greeks actually adopted alphabetic writing好像是可以对应的啊。

我想这里的now应是这个意思：
At this point in the series of events; then:在一系列事件的一点；那时：
例句：The ship was now listing to port. 船当时正向港口开进

D： the second is the position that the argument seeks to establish，错，是作者的一个推测

哪位高人帮忙指点一下：下面这两个选项的意思？我被这些objection... againt... opposes搞的有点头晕。。。汗！

D. The first is an objection raised against a position that the argument opposes; the second is the position that the argument seeks to establish.

E. The first is an objection raised against a position that the argument opposes; the second is evidence that has been used to support that position.

objection

The act of objecting.
反对
A statement presented in opposition.
反对的话，异议
A ground, reason, or cause for expressing opposition.
反对的理由：反对的理由，根据

所以我也不知道objection是反对还是反对的理由。遇到这种题目该怎么办？毕竟这两种解释在BF里差别还是很大的！

最简单的方法就是先判断其中一句话所起到的作用，分为两大类，要么立场要么evidence，中间的假设或者什么其他的判断不了的先不判断，缩小范围后再区分

这道就是比较简单的划线题，事实上我只看到了第一个划线句子，立即判断是position,关于是否objection扫了一眼觉得没有转折，直接从ab中进行排除，焦点在discovery和assumption，would让我直接进行判断是assumption，得出b，这个过程用了不到四十秒

既然希腊人从P那学了书写习惯，那么他们也肯定采用P后来用的习惯。

原先，P写字两个方向都有，但是直到the eighth century B.C.，他们已经变为从右到左for about two centuries了。即P人是在the eighth century B.C.，之前的两个世纪之前采用左右两方向都有的书写习惯==〉所以，希腊人学到的左右都有的习惯肯定是在the eighth century B.C.，之前的两个世纪之前，因为只有在那时候P人仍旧采用左右都有的习惯

不过我觉得这个词即使不能正确理解，通过上下文还是能很清楚的看出整体结构的

以下是引用cowslip在2004-10-16 5:42:00的发言：

偶开始也对这个now很是困惑，导致这个题目的先后逻辑关系被搞颠倒了。后来特意查了一下关于这个now，它还有另外的意思是

1 （用于引起注意） Be careful, now! 喂，小心！

2 now做为conj. 有“既然”的意思，此处now更多应该是充当了这个作用的

哪位nn有更好的解释，请给予指正啊！

谢谢讲解，一开始做题我也对now大惑不解，在上面多耽误了至少30秒

这道题目如果要削弱，因该怎么削弱呢？是不是希腊人没有仿照 p的过程。对假设直接削弱。

附加前提：
G从P那里学到这种文字，they would surely 学习他们的任何写字习惯。

前提：直到eighth century B.C，G已经从右到左写了两个世纪。结论：尽管希腊碑铭被定为BC800年，其实它应该早200年。

要削弱的话应该比较简单了吧，否定前提、结论、打断逻辑链都行吧。

这道题选B吧。

Although the earliest surviving
Greek inscriptions written in an alphabet date from the eighth century
B.C., a strong case can be made that the Greeks actually adopted alphabetic writing at least two centuries earlier.
Significantly, the text of these earliest surviving Greek inscriptions
sometimes runs from right to left and sometimes from left to right.
Now, the Greeks learned alphabetic writing from the Phoenicians, and in
the process they would surely have adopted whatever convention the Phoenicians were then using with respect to the direction of writing.
Originally, Phoenician writing ran in either direction, but by the
eighth century B.C. it had been consistently written from right to left
for about two centuries.

这段话的中心在第一句，第一局的中心在后面。所以first黑体部分是要establish的观点。

后面这个黑体是一个重要的假设。文中的逻辑关系是：证据--》结合假设--》结论。

证据：1.最早的希腊人写字方向不一定；2. 现代希腊人学会了 alphabetic的字，并且从右往左；3. 希腊人是学ph人的；4.最早的ph人也是两边写字的，但是某个时间点上他们只是从右往左写。

假设：希腊人对写字从那边开始不关心，只要方便就好（也就是说ph人怎么写，他们就怎么学。没有这个假设，下面的就不能成立）

结论：希腊人是在上面ph人从右往左写的时候学的。（否则，希腊人应该还是无论从那边写都一样；同时这个时间点把原先希腊人学习alphabetic的时间提早了）

作者: xhbtbu 时间: 2009-12-28 16:33
哎,没看见A中的oppose,在A\B中选了A,看来领导者不仅要统筹大局,还要重视细节啊.

作者: songgigi 时间: 2010-3-5 22:19
此题的关键在于Now,.XXXXXXXX, 在此作adv，当时讲，she was 11 years old,now and she was only a little girl.
1. a strong case can be made: made an hint for the position the passage wants to establish.
and the context followed must to corroborate the position.
2.the second sentence comes back to content of the inscription in question.
3. third sentence, Now. 当时，means the time when the inscription carved. focus on the( " they
would surely have') means that the subjunctive. and under it, the passage made the assumption.
4. the fourth, originally, gives the exact evidence to support the assumption.
position--assumption that supports position derived from fact---- fact evidence corroborates what the assumption issued.

作者: buffonjuventus 时间: 2010-10-8 13:20

arundhati MM，你真牛！

谢谢。我确实觉得B/F题很搞。太抽象，所以误判率高于其他逻辑题。

-- by 会员 WONDERLAND2004 (2004/7/17 23:20:00)

现在的CR里面还有B/F题吗？我也是对于B/F题完全没感觉，错误率很高。

作者: 姑娘 时间: 2018-10-14 23:38
这道题我做一次错一次，因为看不懂因果关系。现在用ron的关于boldface方法，发现明确又简便，尤其在时间紧张看不懂具体意思的情况下：

Although the earliest surviving Greek inscriptions written in an alphabet date from the eighth century B.C., the fact that the text of these Greek inscriptions sometimes runs from right to left and sometimes from left to right indicates that the Greeks adopted alphabetic writing at least two centuries before these inscriptions were produced. After all, the Greeks learned alphabetic writing from the Phoenicians, and presumably, along with the alphabet, they also adopted the then-current Phoenician practice with respect to the direction of text. And although Phoenician writing was originally inconsistent in direction, by the eighth century B.C. Phoenician was consistently written from right to left and had been for about two centuries.

In the argument given, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?

(A) The first and the second each describe evidence that has been used to challenge the position that the argument seeks to establish.

(B) The first is evidence that forms the basis for an objection to the position that the argument seeks to establish; the second is that position.

(C) The first is evidence that forms the basis for an objection to the position that the argument seeks to establish; the second is a consideration that is introduced to counter the force of that evidence.

(D) The first and the second each provide evidence in support of the position that the argument seeks to establish.

(E) The first provides evidence in support of the position that the argument seeks to establish; the second is that position.

因为bf1是fact, bf2 也是facts, 所以 facts = evidence. 选d。

作者: 典座 时间: 2020-5-30 09:58

姑娘发表于 2018-10-14 23:38
这道题我做一次错一次，因为看不懂因果关系。现在用ron的关于boldface方法，发现明确又简便，尤其在时间紧 ...

Mark一下！

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