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210. Scientists have recently discovered what could be the largest and oldest living organism on Earth, a giant fungus that is an interwoven filigree of mushrooms and rootlike tentacles spawned by a single fertilized spore some 10,000 years ago and extending for more than 30 acres in the soil of a Michigan forest.

Choice A, the best answer, preserves grammatical parallelism while allowing for logical expression of temporal relationships; （平行）A employs the parallel participial phrases spawned... and extending... to modify filigree. Other choices present different grammatical constructions that are not participial modifiers and thus not parallel to spawned: extends in B is a present-tense verb; it extended in D begins a new clause; and is extending in E ungrammatically introduces a new predicate. In C, extended is nonparallel if it is assumed to be a past tense verb form; if it is assumed to be a past participle, it illogically states, as does D, that the filigree extended only in the past. （如果认为是过去式，则与原句不平行，如果认为是过去分词，则认为F只扩张在过去，也就是现在不扩张了，不合逻辑）

A employs the parallel participial phrases spawned... and extending... to modify filigree

我觉得从句意来说应该修饰的是a giant fungus 因为只有真菌才能spawned

在这种复杂修饰跳跃修饰中不知有没有什么好的原则能判断究竟修饰的是谁

以下是引用paopao在2004-7-17 2:56:00的发言：

(A) extending

(B) extends

(D) it extended（A）

(E) is extending

又一个平行的例子：逻辑平行最重要

A employs the parallel participial phrases spawned... and extending... to modify filigree

这个不理解为何两个平行的分词修饰的是filigree

我觉得从句意来说应该修饰的是a giant fungus 因为只有真菌才能spawned

在这种复杂修饰跳跃修饰中不知有没有什么好的原则能判断究竟修饰的是谁

谢谢

up！是啊，为什么不是修饰a giant fungus,是不是如果修饰a giant fungus 要加that呢？？看了原来讨论的帖子，并没有谈到这一点，还请大家多多指教，谢谢！

hmm...我想了又想，感觉要是修饰a giant fungus，应该要加that，是吗？即把E选项改成that is extending就可以了，对吗？这样的定语从句虽然前面有that（that is an interwoven filigree of mushrooms ）,但后面的that是不可以省略的，是吗？？

Scientists have recently discovered what could be the largest and oldest living organism on Earth, a giant fungus that is an interwoven filigree of mushrooms and rootlike tentacles spawned by a single fertilized spore some 10,000 years ago and that is extending for more than 30 acres in the soil of a Michigan forest.

你加了that, 有可能歧义并列两that从句, 造成其形式不并列(第一个that从句表状态, 事实, 第二个表动作ongoing condition)...

我觉得是这样，大蘑菇已经有that is an interwoven filigree of mushrooms and rootlike tentacles修饰了，spawned不可能再修饰大蘑菇了，而extending也不是修饰大蘑菇的，因为extending与that is an interwoven filigree of ....不是平行的。嗨。。偶也不知道有没有说清楚。。。

以下是引用paopao在2004-8-9 1:28:00的发言：

狗狗为何现分不是修饰大蘑菇啊

你能讲讲吗

首先我用roberta的例子来说, 两个that从句形式不对等, 在ETS上来说应该叫awkward, and non-parallel structure. 并不是说现分修饰fungus不好...

Scientists have recently discovered what could be the largest and oldest living organism on Earth, a giant fungus that is an interwoven filigree of mushrooms and rootlike tentacles spawned by a single fertilized spore some 10,000 years ago and extending for more than 30 acres in the soil of a Michigan forest.

其中的spawned 和 extending 都是修饰 an interwoven filigree of mushrooms and rootlike tentacles, 若是直接跳跃修饰a giant fungus, 个人觉得不妥.....况且that从句里面的修饰语是跳跃修饰that从句的先行词也是不妥...

我的字典告诉我filigree是delicate decorative wire work精致细丝工艺? 有没有其他解释? 怎么放在这里不通?

就说 filigree是10,000年前由一个单一的受精孢子产卵的, (现在) 正在扩展到...... 一个M森林30亩的土地上...(好别扭)

或者我们可以理解成, 在and 后面省略了个now...如果有now, 就没有异议了....

我也是从这题才知道, 原来过去分词和现在分词可以平行修饰一对象啊?!

这道题顺着语意, 我会很快选出正确答案. 但对og的解释却有些不明白: A employs the parallel participial phrases spawned... and extending... to modify filigree. Other choices present different grammatical constructions that are not participial modifiers and thus not parallel to spawned.

我的问题是: 为什么要找和spawned平行的词, 而不是和a giant fungus that is 中的is平行的词?选项中的

(B) extends (C) extended (E) is extending都可看做和is平行的选项, 尽管时态可能用的不贴切.对于下面的结构, 大家看是对还是错?

a giant fungus that is ...and has extended...是不是由于is和has extended的词性不同, 我们更应用:

我觉得不论题意，想使E is extending， B extends, 要和前面的that is 构成平行，至少题目中的and is extending前面要加上“，”，或者补出that才能使句子结构明朗。

浮云的说法有些道理，不过不知道有没有其他例证？本题的B/E选项的确不容易排除，也许我们可以这样理解：modifier还是应找最近的reference,否则如果modifier离reference太远的话就应该用从句的方式更具体明了的说明修饰关系。

以下是引用vincent0330在2004-8-9 5:01:00的发言：

Scientists have recently discovered what could be the largest and oldest living organism on Earth, a giant fungus
that is an interwoven filigree of mushrooms and rootlike tentacles spawned by a single fertilized spore some 10,000 years ago and that is extending for more than 30 acres in the soil of a Michigan forest.

你说的"大蘑菇"是a giant fungus吗??

首先我用roberta的例子来说, 两个that从句形式不对等, 在ETS上来说应该叫awkward, and non-parallel structure. 并不是说现分修饰fungus不好...

其次, 从(A)原句来看,

Scientists have recently discovered what could be the largest and oldest living organism on Earth, a giant fungus that is an interwoven filigree
                of
                mushrooms and rootlike tentacles
                spawned by a single fertilized spore some 10,000 years ago and
                extending for more than 30 acres in the soil of a Michigan forest.

干吗不能理解成spawned和extending的先行词是tentacles, 哈哈，水越搅越浑。。。？？？

1, E: is extending是一个进行时,其实是表动作,而原句 that is an interwoven,,,是系表结构,不对称

3, and前面逗号倒是不需要的,因为and is extending不是独立的句子,加了逗号反而run on

呵呵，个人分析后，把结构拆分为以下结构that引导的应该是同位语结构来解释giant fungus，后面分词结构修饰giant fungus。在这里就不翻译了，免得见笑，：－）

giant fungus，一种（of mushrooms and rootlike tentacles的interwoven filigree），spawned。。。and extending。。。

以下是引用realme923在2008/2/8 9:12:00的发言：

giant fungus，一种（of mushrooms and rootlike tentacles的interwoven filigree），spawned。。。and extending。。。

以下是引用paopao在2004-8-9 1:28:00的发言：

其次, 从(A)原句来看,

Scientists have recently discovered what could be the largest and oldest living organism on Earth, a giant fungus that is an interwoven filigree of mushrooms and rootlike tentacles spawned by a single fertilized spore some 10,000 years ago and extending for more than 30 acres in the soil of a Michigan forest.

其中的spawned 和 extending 都是修饰 an interwoven filigree of mushrooms and rootlike tentacles, 若是直接跳跃修饰a giant fungus, 个人觉得不妥.....况且that从句里面的修饰语是跳跃修饰that从句的先行词也是不妥...

-- by 会员 vincent0330 (2004/8/9 5:01:00)