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标题: 求解pre中的比较题 [打印本页]

作者: 为什么这样啊    时间: 2011-10-14 21:31
标题: 求解pre中的比较题
Despite recent increases in sales and cash flow that have propelled automobile companies' common stocks to new highs, several industry analysts expect automakers, in order to conserve cash, to set dividends more conservatively than they were

A.to set dividends more conservatively than they were

B.to set dividends more conservatively than they have been

C.to be more conservative than they have been in setting dividends

D.that they will be more conservative than they were in setting dividends

E.  that they will be more conservative than they have been to set dividends
Key: c
看到aeoluseros等童鞋给的B的解释是应该在have been 后面加上setting或改为have set才对。。。

有没有哪位好心的给解释下为什么要补充上这个才对啊?前面不是已经有to set dividends了么??

比较题让人很头疼啊。。。。大家有什么想法一起来讨论下撒。。。



作者: houhaibo528    时间: 2011-10-14 22:23
如果不加比较对象错误
就比如 i eat more apples than you (do)
如果不加DO,意思就成了我吃的苹果比吃的你多
作者: kelenrose    时间: 2011-10-25 07:54
是不是如果不加before,那么than前后就是一个将来的时态(to set)和一个系动词比,但是如果加了before,就是一个将来的情况和一个过去的情况比。。。。其实也不很清楚唉
作者: specta    时间: 2011-10-25 08:16
B试图比较状语:to do something more xxx than ....

此外,这里无表达进行时的意思,所以不能have been doing (like you mentioned)...

如果你非要改B, 个人认为:to set d more con... than HOW they have SET DIVIDENDS / THOSE

but, 这样的话,gmat一定认为不好,因为太太太wordy
作者: egoislwlv    时间: 2011-10-25 08:54
Despite recent increases in sales and cash flow that have propelled automobile companies' common stocks to new highs, several industry analysts expect automakers, in order to conserve cash, to set dividends more conservatively than they were

A.to set dividends more conservatively than they were

B.to set dividends more conservatively than they have been

C.to be more conservative than they have been in setting dividends

D.that they will be more conservative than they were in setting dividends

E.  that they will be more conservative than they have been to set dividends
Key: c
看到aeoluseros等童鞋给的B的解释是应该在have been 后面加上setting或改为have set才对。。。

有没有哪位好心的给解释下为什么要补充上这个才对啊?前面不是已经有to set dividends了么??

比较题让人很头疼啊。。。。大家有什么想法一起来讨论下撒。。。


-- by 会员 为什么这样啊 (2011/10/14 21:31:31)







分析句子:
其基本结构是: analysts (主)expect (谓)automakers (宾)+ (划线部分)

C 和D项, 是从句结构,无法和宾语automakers 建立语法关系
排除C 和 D

A项 'than they were' 使用了一般过去式。 表示automakers过去是不太conservative(保守)的,意味着现在已经更保守了。
但是主句 谓语动词expect 使用了一般现在时,意味着分析师目前期待automakers 有某种行为举动,即将会比目前更保守。
作者使用'expect 这个词默认着:这种 ’更保守‘ 举动,目前还没有发生,
所以在时态方面,从句和主句不匹配
排除A

B相中的 ‘than they have been' 时态上和主句匹配。
现在完成进行时表示过去开始发生的事情,现在仍然在进行
例如:
The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years.
表示过去开始的动作,目前仍在进行,中国仍然在造纸。

所以 than they have been 所要表达的是:期待automakers 将来会改变目前的一种状况,什么状况呢?:就是 从过去以来一贯的  ’less conservative' (太不保守)
所以B项时态匹配。

问题是B项 ‘than they have been是省略结构
完整的句子应该是: than they have been 'less conservative' (不太保守) 意思是和他们从过去到现在一贯的 ’不太保守‘相比,他们将会更保守。
但是这个 省略结构却没有对应 (或者说省略结构无法还原),因为上文中 conservative(ly) 作状语。而没有出现 to be more conservative的结构
应该改写成:to be more conservative ...than they have been.

如果省略结构省略的是:have been setting dividends, 那么省略之后应该写作:than they have been doing.  ‘doing’不能省略,它本身就是setting the dividends的省略。
排除B

选择C

*******************以下是回复各位楼上的******************
回复楼主 ‘为什么这样啊’:
B项应该修改为:have been doing, 或have done
现在完成时是匹配的,因为分红可能不是一个连续不间断的动作。用现在完成时表示从现在向过去倒推,automakers一直不太保守,也就是说,从目前来看,已经发生过的分红是不太保守的,分析师期待他们在以后未来的分红中变得更保守。

回复二楼haohaibo528:
赞同!
B项省略了doing, 使得比较的方面不是 to set dividend more conservatively / less conservatively,
比较的方面成了  to be less conservative / to be more conservative
而上文没有 to be conservative 这个结构,所以than前后没有对应。

回复三楼kelenrose
这里有没有时间状语可能不是关键。
主句中的谓语动词 ‘expect’ 已经限定了时间。
expect + 某人 + 某种动作。暗含着该动作发生在将来。
所以比较的对象是 现在 和 将来

回复四楼 specta
从句中使用现在完成进行时是合法的,它表示从过开始到现在一直如此。
另外赞同您对B项的修改!
作者: specta    时间: 2011-10-25 09:04
oh, i c, good point.

egoislwlv关于have been doing的解释正确。i was wrong about that.
作者: 为什么这样啊    时间: 2011-10-25 20:28
4楼正解。。。。。大牛啊~~
作者: 酱子啊    时间: 2011-10-26 00:16
Despite recent increases in sales and cash flow that have propelled automobile companies' common stocks to new highs, several industry analysts expect automakers, in order to conserve cash, to set dividends more conservatively than they were

A.to set dividends more conservatively than they were

B.to set dividends more conservatively than they have been

C.to be more conservative than they have been in setting dividends

D.that they will be more conservative than they were in setting dividends

E.  that they will be more conservative than they have been to set dividends
Key: c
看到aeoluseros等童鞋给的B的解释是应该在have been 后面加上setting或改为have set才对。。。

有没有哪位好心的给解释下为什么要补充上这个才对啊?前面不是已经有to set dividends了么??

比较题让人很头疼啊。。。。大家有什么想法一起来讨论下撒。。。


-- by 会员 为什么这样啊 (2011/10/14 21:31:31)




你是成都人吗???我看到你说撒 呢。。。。
其实比较很简单,
如果是主谓的句子,没有宾语,可以直接加比较的。不会歧义。
如果是主谓宾全的句子,则要分很多情况。如果主语比较,则A do sth than B do .是正解。
放到这题里边,set dividends more conservatly than ....
因为这里是实习动词set,所以than后面应该是用do..然后到底是怎么样要看具体语境的时态,比如这题。
再举个例子,the car is more efficient for (反正是有宾语)...than bike is。
因为这里是Is,是be动词,所以than后面用is ,are ,was, were,具体也要看语境时态呢,。
但是大结构是这样的。。。
我觉得你在这里困惑 不知道是不是
哈哈哈哈
作者: 为什么这样啊    时间: 2011-10-26 14:19
谢谢你的解释哈,不过我不是成都人,只是比较喜欢说撒。。。




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