L—18-2-3
Publicly owned resources will always be abused. Take the example of cattle grazing. Where the individual has free access to publicly owned rangeland, he or she always has an incentive to graze more and more cattle regardless of the consequences, because the benefits are captured by the individual grazer while the costs of reduced range quality are borne by all taxpayers. Private landowners are less likely to abuse their own land, however, because they must pay the entire cost.
3. Which one of the following, if true, would most tend to weaken the author’s argument for the conclusion that publicly owned resources will always be abused?
(A) Many people who privately own resources abuse them in spite of the personal consequences.
(B) Some publicly owned resources are so extensive that it would take widespread abuse before their quality is affected.
(C) Some individuals have no choice but to rely on public resources in the pursuit or their livelihood.
(D) People do not want to lose access to public resources, yet they realize that they will if those resources are ruined through abuse.
我认为C正确
23. The existentialists are right about one thing: we are alone, radically alone. The proof is obvious. Suppose you were born with a physiology that permitted you to perceive only negative images, that is, you saw black where everyone else saw white and white where everyone else saw black. Nevertheless, you would learn to call what you saw as black by the name “white” because this is what you would be taught, and there would be no way that you could discover your error.
Which one of the following can be validly inferred from the statements in the argument above?
(A) Some people are born with reversed perceptions of black and white, and they cannot discover this.
(B) People with reversed perceptions of black and white would not choose their words any differently from anyone else.
(C) Existentialism is a sound philosophy, as is amply demonstrated by the physiology of color perception.
(D) The existentialists claim that some people are born with reversed perceptions of black and white.（B）
(E) The existentialists claim that people mean different things when they use the words “black” and “white.”
不解！
Q23. It's a inference question. A correct inference (1) must not directly contradicts the original argument, and (2) should be supported by the evidence, assumption or conclusion of the original argument.
In this question, A, C, D, E can be eliminated because A & D mistake hypothesis for fact, C overstretches from "right about one thing" to "sound philosophy", E misrepresents.
That left us B. You can test B with the "deny test". The opposite of B, "People with reversed perceptions would choose their words differently" directly contradicts the original argument. So, B does not contradicts the argument. Although admittedly it's a little difficult to naturally infer B from the argument, still, B is the best among all the choices.
Q3 D is the right answer. C is not good because C does not directly attack the argument's line of reasoning -- whether "Some individuals have choice" or not is not much relevant to the argument.
I remember this has been discussed before. Maybe you want to search in this board the earlier postings.
版主, 我不小心mouse一滑, 给b2b55 MM扔了个鸡蛋. I didn't mean it. 能不能reverse啊?
b5b55MM, sorry!
看在你给我解题的分上，鸡蛋的事我就不计较了。
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