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标题: Season 1——manhattan 11(death from “friendly fire.”)(已结贴) [打印本页]

作者: 毛毛carina 时间: 2011-9-13 09:10
标题: Season 1——manhattan 11(death from “friendly fire.”)(已结贴)
11. The Confederate general Stonewall Jackson led a feared army that idolized him; they all mourned his ironic death from “friendly fire.”
A. him; they all mourned his
B. him; they mourned his
C. him; it mourned his
D. him; it mourned their
E. him, it mourned his

选项分析：
The original sentence has a pronoun reference error. The plural “they” is supposed to refer to “army.” Like many collective nouns, "army” is singular. Furthermore, “all” is unnecessary.
(A) This choice is incorrect as it repeats the original sentence.
(B) This choice contains a pronoun reference error. The plural “they” is supposed to refer to “army,” a singular noun.
(C) CORRECT.Here, the singular “it” correctly refers to the singular “army.” This choice contains no other errors.
(D) This choice contains a pronoun reference error. The plural “their” cannot refer to Stonewall Jackson, nor to the singular “army.” Also, the “all” is unnecessary.
(E) This choice correctly employs the singular “it” to refer to the singular “army.” However, this choice is a run-on sentence. A comma is not enough to separate two independent clauses.

题目点评：
本题涉及两个考点：指代一致（集合名词）、句子结构（分号的用法、run-on sentence）

大家基本都一如既往地都选对了，我赶脚很欣慰哈。本题并不难，属于秒杀题，熟悉了集合名词和run-on sentence两个知识点的童鞋，建议在15秒之内做出。it指代army排除A,B,D；E选项属于run-on sentence。

集合名词：在GMAT官方材料中，所有出现过的集合名词都被视为单数，在出现例外以前，建议把它视作GMAT的家规。
（对于集合名词，美语日常语法中规定：当强调群体是视为单数，强调个体时视为复数。比如：The family was united on this question. My family are always fighting among themselves.英国英语的语法就较为复杂，但GMAT遵照的是美国英语，在此不表）

感谢JJ44y和若雪提供manhattan的依据：
manhattan认为集合名词有：agency, army, audience, class, committee, orchestra, team,crowd, fruit, furniture

分号的两个用法：
(1) 连接两个意思/主题上有联系的独立分句（此时如果用从句等连接会使某个分句成分降级为从句造成意思上的不合理）。
(2) 当列举项中间有逗号时，就用分号来隔开列举项。(如I listen to Earth, wind & fire; wow, owls; and Blood, sweat & tears.其中Earth, wind & fire为第一个列举项，中间有逗号，另外两个列举项也有逗号，因此要用分号连接)
本题分号属于第一种用法。

run-on sentence 连写句（流水句）：
连写句指错误地将两个独立分句合写在一个句子里面没有正确地用标点分离。
连写句有两种类型：
溶合句(fused sentence)：根本不使用标点把两个独立分句合写在一个句子里
逗号错误(comma splice):使用逗号但没有并列连词将两个独立分句写在一个句子里。
BTW: 所谓的独立分句即"主句"，其对应的是"从句"，都属于"分句"。

思维点评：
1. ”all 涉及原意，不能省略？？？ “ －－nhelpn
”AB的差别就是有没有all，我觉得意思来看有all比没有好，所以选A“ －－innerwarrior
Interesting but wrong. 很多人会认为像all, only, most啊这些词是不可以删减、不可以替换的。但是是否能够删减是否能够替换的依据永远是”句意“。nhelpn表现出来的问题非常可能是”阅读能力“问题，切记，要得到高分的一点是，能够比较轻松地看懂句意，并在句意的基础上判断表达的正误。一切脱离句意的判断都是耍流氓。

2. “SJ让一支军队崇拜他。那支军队的人用ff悼念他的死亡" －－若雪
”联邦将军SJ率领了一只可怕的军队（这个军队都视将军为偶像），。。。后面翻译出问题了。。。求执教。。。 “ －－innerwarrior
death from其实是dead from的名词版：后面跟死亡的直接原因。所以不是用ff来悼念，而是”大家都为他讽刺性地被自己人打死而感到悲痛“。-->语法上的理解偏差可能不要紧，但是一旦这个句子放在阅读，更加是逻辑里的话，会造成整个意群的理解失误…但，依然赞若雪的有心翻译。表现出来越多，就能改进越多~大家加油！

3. ”我觉得mourn的动作发起者应该是人，所以排除it打头CDE“ －－innerwarrior
当大家一起对某人发起mourn这个动作的时候，大家就成了一个整体。所以这个整体，就可以用it来指代了。其次，前面没有复数名词，是不可以用they的。关于代词指代，还是很看”表面“的，即单数代词指代单数名词，复数代词指代复数名词。

做题小tips:
做SC应该先建立一套属于自己的“排除序列”，把主谓一致、指代一致、平行问题等等这些常见考点放到这套排除序列里，并尽量形成自己的本能，能让简单错误逃不出你的法眼。

本次精华楼层：
5楼——jj449(求知精神是最珍贵的!)
6楼——若雪(同上)
8楼——纳丁Cat(完整版答案出现了)

作者: ericrainw 时间: 2011-9-13 09:29
个人觉得选C

作者: nhelpn 时间: 2011-9-13 09:42
A
all 涉及原意，不能省略？？？

作者: jj449 时间: 2011-9-13 09:45
C吧
但有两个疑问
1. their是否可以指代army中的每一人？
2. A、B没有语法区别。如果A能选，B也可以，因此排除。不知道这么推理有没有道理？

作者: ffen 时间: 2011-9-13 09:58
C吧
印象里，Manhattan里面说集体名词大多用单数指代的，所以用it指代army。
D中their无所指代
E中，逗号不能连接句子

作者: jj449 时间: 2011-9-13 10:17
哈，翻到出处啦
manhattan第三章
总是单数的集合名词有：
crowd, agency, army, audience, class, committee, fruit, furniture

作者: 若雪 时间: 2011-9-13 10:26

11. The Confederate general Stonewall Jackson led a feared army that idolized him; they all mourned his ironic death from “friendly fire.”
A him; they all mourned his
B him; they mourned his
C him; it mourned his
D him; it mourned their
E him, it mourned his

-- by 会员毛毛carina (2011/9/13 9:10:57)

C
SJ让一支军队崇拜他。那支军队的人用ff悼念他的死亡
主谓一致 army..it 排除AB
SJ是一个人，排除D
E没有连词句子不完整。所以是C

另外补充manhattan 的SC书上说过GMAT里面集合性名词一般被认为是单数名词。
EG. agency, army, audience(!), class, committee, crowd, orchestra, team

作者: jeforever 时间: 2011-9-13 12:20
答案: C
1. 主謂一致: army為單數, 所以排除AB (they).
2. 使用分號正確連結兩個完整句子, 排除E(流水句)
3. Stonewall Jackson 是單數, 所以the army mourned "his"(單數), 排除D.

作者: 纳丁Cat 时间: 2011-9-13 12:55
11. The Confederate general Stonewall Jackson led a feared army that idolized him; they all mourned his ironic death from “friendly fire.”
A him; they all mourned his
B him; they mourned his
C him; it mourned his
D him; it mourned their
E him, it mourned his

本句的意思是，同盟的将军ＳＪ使敬畏的部队都很崇拜他，这个部队哀悼他因为“友军的炮火”而讽刺的死。

考点：代词指代，分号的使用

Ａ　they使用错误，army应该用单数ｉｔ指代，指部队。

Ｂ　they使用错误，同Ａ。

Ｃ　正确。

Ｄ　their使用错误，是指ＳＪ的死，应该用his

E 分号改称了逗号，使原句变成两个句子，错误。

PS：Army这个词多次在GMAT语法中出现，而且都是考的指代，如OG上拿破仑的远征那道题，都是用单数指代。

作者: RingXiao 时间: 2011-9-13 13:31
11. The Confederate general Stonewall Jackson led a feared army that idolized him; they all mourned his ironic death from “friendly fire.”
A him; they all mourned his
B him; they mourned his
C him; it mourned his
D him; it mourned their
E him, it mourned his
后面的they不对，应是单数a feared army, 派出AB，根据上次阿逻辑意思应该后面说的是SJ 之死，应用his, 前后是独立的两句话，应用分号隔开，选C。

作者: innerwarrior 时间: 2011-9-13 15:37
Season one——manhattan 11
11. The Confederate general Stonewall Jackson led a feared army that idolized him; they all mourned his ironic death from “friendly fire.”
A him; they all mourned his
B him; they mourned his
C him; it mourned his
D him; it mourned their
E him, it mourned his

hoho，又遇到一道集体名词表单数还是复数。
我觉得mourn的动作发起者应该是人，所以排除it打头CDE
AB的差别就是有没有all，我觉得意思来看有all比没有好，所以选A
意思是：联邦将军SJ率领了一只可怕的军队（这个军队都视将军为偶像），。。。后面翻译出问题了。。。求执教。。。

作者: twobirds 时间: 2011-9-14 13:17
C, OG上有一道拿破仑的题，army就是指的单数

作者: shentao1237 时间: 2011-9-14 22:55
C 单复数排除ABD E逗号问题

作者: innerwarrior 时间: 2011-9-17 23:01
感谢毛毛指教～

作者: daisyの小夢想 时间: 2011-10-7 21:12
嗯嗯集合名词要谨记原则。
搜了一下wiki Friendly fire指的是Friendly fire is inadvertent firing towards one's own or otherwise friendly forces while attempting to engage enemy forces, particularly where this results in injury or death.
百度了一下die from和die of的区别(初中的时候好像老师反复强调囧不过GMAT好像没有这个考点)：
表示死的原因，die 后既可接介词 of，也可接 from, 两者的区别是：
一、若死因存在于人体之上或之内（主要指疾病、衰老等自身的原因)，一般用介词 of。如：die of illness (heart trouble, cancer, a fever, etc) 死于疾病 (心脏病，癌症，发烧等)
二、若死因不是存在人体之内或之上，而是由环境造成的(主要指事故等方面的外部原因)，一般用介词 from 。如： die from an earthquake (a traffic accident, a lightning, a stroke, etc) 死于地震(交通事故，雷击等)
三、若死因是环境影响到体内，即两方面共有的原因，则可用 of, from 均可。如：die of [from] a drink ( a wound, overwork, starvation, hunger and cold, etc) 死于饮酒(受伤，劳累过度，饥饿，饥寒等)

作者: innerwarrior 时间: 2011-10-17 17:52
哈哈，谢谢毛毛，也谢谢Daisy～
btw，of 和from貌似其区别就在于内部的还是外部的，我记得小时候老师说made from和made of，也差不多意思。。。

8过。。。这种小词应该以后考的8多。。。我觉得

作者: balapupu 时间: 2011-11-30 11:05
C
代词指代
army集合性名词，用单数。
A，B they 错
D：their 无从指代
E，逗号不可以连接两个完整的句子。

作者: maxiv 时间: 2011-12-14 16:08
11. The Confederate general Stonewall Jackson led a feared army that idolized
  him; they all mourned his
ironic death from “friendly fire.”
A. him; they all mourned his
  a army，所以they指代错

B. him; they mourned his
  a army，所以they指代错

C. him; it mourned his
  对

D. him; it mourned their
  their错，只有一个人死了。

E. him, it mourned his
  不能用逗号连接两个main clause，run-on句子，需要个but/and之类的

作者: 南瓜0729 时间: 2011-12-20 20:11
11. The Confederate general Stonewall Jackson led a feared army that idolized him; they all mourned his ironic death from “friendly fire.”
A. him; they all mourned his
B. him; they mourned his
C. him; it mourned his
D. him; it mourned their 无所指
E. him, it mourned his run-on句型
选C

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