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标题: 【每日逻辑链练习贴】【逻辑2-5】 [打印本页]
作者: fox0923    时间: 2011-8-30 07:48
标题: 【每日逻辑链练习贴】【逻辑2-5】
Prep题目
1. In a certain wildlife park, park rangers areable to track the movements of many rhinoceroses because those animals wearradio collars.  When, as often happens, acollar slips off, it is put back on. Putting a collar on a rhinoceros involves immobilizing the animal byshooting it with a tranquilizer dart. Female rhinoceroses that have been frequently recollared havesignificantly lower fertility rates than uncollared females.  robably, therefore, some substance in thetranquilizer inhibits fertility.
In evaluating the argument, it would be mostuseful to determine which of the following?
Key: How often park rangers need to usetranquilizer darts to immobilize rhinoceroses for reasons other than attachingradio collars


2. In the year following an eight-cent increasein the federal tax on a pack of cigarettes, sales of cigarettes fell tenpercent.  In contrast, in the year priorto the tax increase, sales had fallen one percent.  The volume of cigarette sales is thereforestrongly related to the after-tax price of a pack of cigarettes.
Which of the following, if true, would moststrengthen the argument above?
Key: The information available to consumers onthe health risks of smoking remained largely unchanged in the period before andafter the tax increase.


3. Which of the following most logicallycompletes the argument?
According to experts on shopping behavior,more shoppers would shop at Jerrod’s department store if they were offered theconvenience of shopping carts.  In fact,even if the amount spent by these additional customers only just covered thecost of providing the carts, providing carts would still probably increaseJerrod’s profits, since _______.
Key: a customer with a shopping cart buys more, onaverage, than a customer without a cart


4. Which of the following most logicallycompletes the argument below?
Twenty percent of the stores inMorganville's downtown shopping district will fail within five years becausethey will be competing directly with the SaveMart discount department store newlyopened in East Morganville.  The downtown shopping district has lostbusiness at this rate before and has always completely rebounded.  Confidence that it will rebound again fromthe losses it is now about to suffer is ill founded, however, because__________.
Key: the stores likely to be put out of businessby direct competition from SaveMart are the downtown shopping district's anchorstores, on whose ability to draw shoppers many of the other downtown storesdepend


AA: 摘自本月JJ
The following appeared in the editorial sectionof a local newspaper:

“This past winter, 200 students from WaymarshState College traveled to the state capitol building to protest againstproposed cuts in funding for various state college programs. The other 12,000Waymarsh students evidently weren’t so concerned about their education: theyeither stayed on campus or left for winter break. Since the group who did notprotest is far more numerous, it is more representative of the state’s collegestudents than are the protesters. Therefore the state legislature need not heedthe appeals of the protesting students.”



作者: balapupu    时间: 2011-8-30 09:16
fox~~是2-5啦~~
作者: MarsTOF    时间: 2011-8-30 09:28
作者: 纳丁Cat    时间: 2011-8-31 14:41
8-31
1. 26 s
In a certain wildlife park, park rangers areable to track the movements of many rhinoceroses because those animals wearradio collars.  When, as often happens, acollar slips off, it is put back on. Putting a collar on a rhinoceros involves immobilizing the animal byshooting it with a tranquilizer dart. Female rhinoceroses that have been frequently recollared havesignificantly lower fertility rates than uncollared females.  robably, therefore, some substance in the tranquilizer inhibits fertility.
In evaluating the argument, it would be most useful to determine which of the following?
前提：一个动物园给动物都装上了项圈。但是项圈会掉。掉了之后就要给犀牛打镇定针然后发现常常重新装项圈的犀牛生育率低些。
结论：镇定针里有阻碍生育率的东西。

评价：是否每次重装项圈的紧张会影响生育率
Key: How often park rangers need to usetranquilizer darts to immobilize rhinoceroses for reasons other than attachingradio collars
因为是用Female rhinoceroses that have been frequently recollared 和uncollared females对比。如果说后者也经常因为其他原因被镇静剂麻醉的话。那么怎么解释两者之间存在的significantly lower fertility rates呢？所以说如果镇静剂只因为装那个radio collars时候使用其它情况不用，那就strengthen;反之，就说明这个繁殖力的差异并非镇静剂导致的，而是其它某些原因，weaken 排除干扰。

2. 22s
In the year following an eight-cent increasein the federal tax on a pack of cigarettes, sales of cigarettes fell tenpercent.  In contrast, in the year priorto the tax increase, sales had fallen one percent.  The volume of cigarette sales is thereforestrongly related to the after-tax price of a pack of cigarettes.
Which of the following, if true, would moststrengthen the argument above?
前提：涨税后，烟的销量下降了10%，在涨税之前，只下降了1%
结论：烟的销量和烟的税后价有很大关系

加强：零售商并没有因税的上涨而牺牲自己的利润
Key: The information available to consumers on the health risks of smoking remained largely unchanged in the period before and after the tax increase. 排除干扰

3. 40s
Which of the following most logicallycompletes the argument?
According to experts on shopping behavior,more shoppers would shop at Jerrod’s department store if they were offered theconvenience of shopping carts.  In fact,even if the amount spent by these additional customers only just covered the cost of providing the carts, providing carts would still probably increase Jerrod’s profits, since _______.
前提：商店发现给顾客提供手推车，购买量会增加。会有更多的顾客
结论：尽管增加的购买量顾客刚刚cover了手推车的成本，但是商店还是在盈利。

因为：这些增加的顾客回家后帮忙宣传了这个商店。
Key: a customer with a shopping cart buys more, onaverage, than a customer without a cart
他说的是多来的顾客花的钱只够支付提供shopping carts的花费，但是原来的顾客因为有了shopping carts买的东西多了，虽然多来的顾客那里没有利润，但是原来的顾客的利润增加了，他因涉入。

4. 前天才做过。

5. AA也做过。
作者: sanlingjie    时间: 2011-8-31 14:52
-- by 会员 MarsTOF (2011/8/30 9:28:32)



你的signature和你的动态签名让我很感动！
作者: superbat28    时间: 2011-8-31 15:27
1. 45s  我想了很久这道题啊，还回去看了看prep，感觉答案仍不是最佳的呢？好诡异的答案，大家discuss下？
Conclusion: It is the substance in T that inhibit fertility
Premise: THose who have been injected T shows lower fertility rates

Evaluate: 我的第一想法是：Is there any 犀牛 that does not got injection but still show low fertility rates?
答案这个想法，相对于其他四个选项是最优的，但是我觉得仍然解决不了这个问题啊。除了装collar外，还有很多用途”或者说“除了装collar外，没有其他用途”，对结论的影响是一样的啊。。。

2. 30s
Conclusion: THe decline in sales is largely caused by the tax
Premise: Before tax  1% sale decrease, after the tax 10% decrease

Strengthen: No other changes..

3. 28s
Conclusion: Even if the increased number of people just offset the cost of providing carts, it would be profitable for the market to offer shopping carts

Since: They got other ways to boost sales.

4. 我败了……我一直在想过去和原来怎么不一样呢，没想到是直接说，永远被打压了。。
作者: balapupu    时间: 2011-9-1 09:49
1.【37s】一个公园用一个C装置安在犀牛的身上用来记录他们的活动。--》当这个C装置掉下来的时候，会在被装上，这个过程中会用TC。--》然后又数据表明，经常丢掉C的犀牛比不经常丢掉C的犀牛生育绿低。--》是这个TC影响了犀牛的生育率。
evaluate: 是否生育率低的犀牛更容易丢掉C。
2.【20ws】今年，给香烟增加了百分之8的税，结果香烟的销量减少了百分之10,。--》但是去年没有加税的，香烟的销量只下降了八百分之1.-》所以说，是香烟的价格影响到了销量。
support:没有其他因素影响香烟的销量。
3.【25s】通过一个研究表明，顾客会愿意去这个商场购物，如果这个商场提供购物车的情况下---》尽管提供购物车的成本刚好和新增的购物者得消费相抵。--》这个商场还是盈利的，因为：
有购物车的顾客会买的多~
4.第四题做过啦啦啦啦。。。
作者: balapupu    时间: 2011-9-1 09:54
1. 45s  我想了很久这道题啊，还回去看了看prep，感觉答案仍不是最佳的呢？好诡异的答案，大家discuss下？
Conclusion: It is the substance in T that inhibit fertility
Premise: THose who have been injected T shows lower fertility rates

Evaluate: 我的第一想法是：Is there any 犀牛 that does not got injection but still show low fertility rates?
答案这个想法，相对于其他四个选项是最优的，但是我觉得仍然解决不了这个问题啊。除了装collar外，还有很多用途”或者说“除了装collar外，没有其他用途”，对结论的影响是一样的啊。。。

2. 30s
Conclusion: THe decline in sales is largely caused by the tax
Premise: Before tax  1% sale decrease, after the tax 10% decrease

Strengthen: No other changes..

3. 28s
Conclusion: Even if the increased number of people just offset the cost of providing carts, it would be profitable for the market to offer shopping carts

Since: They got other ways to boost sales.

4. 我败了……我一直在想过去和原来怎么不一样呢，没想到是直接说，永远被打压了。。
-- by 会员 superbat28 (2011/8/31 15:27:18)





我觉得楼上纳丁对第一题解释的很好啊。。
作者: balapupu    时间: 2011-9-1 10:11
5.[1] the other 12000 W students did not participate does not reflect they are not concerned their education, they may take other actions.
 [2] the did not protest  is more numerous does not mean they are representative, there may be a lot of people want to protest but considering some reasons, they give up.
 [3] the 200 students is not a small number, the number is larger than any protest in recent years.
作者: superbat28    时间: 2011-9-1 17:16

我觉得楼上纳丁对第一题解释的很好啊。。
-- by 会员 balapupu (2011/9/1 9:54:33)



我同意纳丁说的~可是，我觉得那是进一步推理了。。

就是那个答案它很不直接。。。就算镇定剂有其他用处，它也没有说明是不是“其他犀牛全部都适用啊。。”
如果有100只犀牛，然后我装追踪器给10只，还剩90只。。然后我说“镇定剂还有别的用处”，但是我不知道这镇定剂会不会都作用到那90只上头啊。。
作者: fox0923    时间: 2011-9-2 03:51
50s (好长时间不读了，明显水平下降啊!)
Premise: The ranger gave shot to the female rino. if their collar is slipped off.
Conclusion: The rate of fertility of female rino. will be decreased compare to the rate of those without shot.
Evaluation: Do those rinos. without getting shot after their collar slipped off have the same rate of fertility like the rinos. with shot?

27s
PRemise: The tax of cigarettes has been increased, and the sales of cigarettes has been decreased. but prior to the tax increase, the sales only decreased 1%.
Conclusion: The sales of cigarettes depend on the after tax price.
Strengthen: Eliminate other factors which may affect the sales.

45s
Premise: The consumers like to shop in the store because it provides shopping carts.
Conclusion: Even though the consumers' purchase can only cover the cost of shopping carts, the store can still increase its profits.
Complete: Since these customers can attract other customers shop in this store as well.

27s(做过再做一遍)
Premise: The stores always fail because of another store's competition.
conlcusion：but the store will rebound its confidence again eventually.
complete: since this store will be successful in other districts

AA:
Weaken:
1. the 12000 students are planning to organizing other protest events in other places such as state educational dept.
2. These 200 students represent all students in the college, so the number is not random number.
3. People who proposed not to heed the protests are the ones who established the rule of cutting the college fund.



-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
我的逻辑啊，几天不练习已经颓废到这种地步了~~急需敦促~~~
作者: 大三准备留学    时间: 2012-4-3 23:08
这一期的都做过了 哈哈
作者: flonacui    时间: 2013-8-14 11:40
1.zuoguo 52s
P The female recollared R tend to have lower fertility rate than uncollard R.
C the dart inhibits the low fertility.
causation&correlation
evaluate:is there anything that could account for the low fertility rate instead of the immobilizing the dart?
2. zuoguo 32s
P tax increase, sales decrease; tax decrease, sales decrese less.
c The sales of cigarettes strongly related to the price.
causation&correlation
strengthen:exclued any possibility that could destroy the relationship between the price and the sales.
3.48s zuoguo
P cost=profits for the additional customers
C Providing the carts could still increase the profits
since: The old customers would increase their shopping.
4. 50s zuoguo
C This time the shopping district would not rebound as usual.
P
complete the argument: The author predicted a future trend based on the previous experience. Show something about the difference between these 2 experience will weaken, and in this question, will strengthen the argument.
AA 跟上一期的一样
作者: Yvette19    时间: 2013-9-5 18:24
1. 45s
BG：In order to trace the animals in the zoo...,fine.. a zoo is easier.. people put a device on the animals by shooting them.
Premise: Female animals reduce their fertility after the shooting
Conclusion: there must be some substance in the shooting which inhibit the animals' fertility.

Evaluate： There is no other factors which can lead to animals' fertility.
(I mixed up the methods :/)

2. 31s
BG1：In the following year of the tax increase of cigarette, sales fell 10%.
BG2: A year prior to the tax increase, sales fell only 1%.
Conclusion: The sales of cigarette is strongly related to the after-tax price

Strengthen:  Other factors remained the same before and after the tax increase, the only variable factor is the tax,

3. 32s
BG: Most of the customer would choose to go shopping in the shopping department if they are offer with shopping cart.
Conclusion: Even if the profit it brings just offset the cost of offering the cart, it is still good for the department to do this.

Reasoning: People tend to buy more with a shopping cart. Longterm oriented


4. have done already. but still cannot figure it out...

作者: Yvette19    时间: 2013-9-6 04:24
大三准备留学 发表于 2012-4-3 23:08
这一期的都做过了 哈哈

Notice the date! 我们看完晚秋之后的第二天 ^^
作者: 大三准备留学    时间: 2013-9-8 02:49
Yvette19 发表于 2013-9-6 04:24
Notice the date! 我们看完晚秋之后的第二天 ^^

哈哈，你看我多认真



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