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标题: OG 178 [打印本页]

作者: paopao 时间: 2004-7-6 07:19
标题: OG 178

178. In the last few years, the number of convicted criminals given community service sentences, which allow the criminals to remain unconfined while they perform specific jobs benefiting the public, have risen dramatically.

(A) sentences, which allow the criminals to remain unconfined while they perform specific jobs benefiting the public, have

(B) sentences, performing specific jobs that benefit the public while being allowed to remain unconfined, have

(D) sentences which allow them to remain unconfined in their performing of specific jobs beneficial to the public has（E）

(E) sentences allowing them to remain unconfined while performing specific jobs that benefit the public has

At issue in this question is subject-verb agreement; the number... has risen must be the kernel of the main clause. Choice E, the best answer, uses a singular verb form, has, to agree with the singular subject, the number. （主谓一致）Choices A, B, and C mistake criminals for the sentence subject （？？？）and so incorrectly use the plural verb form have. In B and C the verb phrases (performing... ) do not clearly modify criminals, because another noun (sentences) intrudes, （修饰不清）nor do the verb phrases clearly establish temporal relationships among events. （事件的关系不清）D is wordy and imprecise (in their performing of specific jobs). （笨拙不准确）

Choices A, B, and C mistake criminals for the sentence subject （？？？）这句话如何理解呢 A/B/C的主语不都是the number吗

谢谢

作者: rt316 时间: 2004-7-6 08:04
the number是单数，criminals是复数，have修饰复数，所以‘好像’是criminals作主语和have联系在一起，而正确的应该是the number作主语，所以A/B/C错了。

作者: paopao 时间: 2004-7-6 08:08
谢谢stoneren 明白了

作者: sunshining 时间: 2004-7-10 13:06

请问stenoren,D为什么不对呢？

(D) sentences which allow them to remain unconfined in their performing of specific jobs beneficial to the public has（E）

(E) sentences allowing them to remain unconfined while performing specific jobs that benefit the public has

我觉得D很清楚，很详细，是sentence允许犯人做。。。，然后是犯人perform那些工作。

E用了两个分词，allowing,performing，按理说，应该是一个动作主语

比如：While he was eating, I asked him to lend me $2.
当他正在吃饭时,我请他借给我二英镑

如果改成，While eating, I asked him to lend me $2.，就变成
当我正在吃饭时,我请他借给我二英镑

所以，E选项是不是让人误解位那些sentence来perform呢？而且D没有语法错误啊？

多谢

作者: rt316 时间: 2004-7-10 22:56
D的错误首先在于in their performing中的performing，虽然performing可以在一些时候作名词，但是，此处，明显是performance作名词更合理；E中，你提到的问题我想可以用逻辑性进行排除，sentences-allow在逻辑上合理，sentences-performing specific jobs显然不合理，perform jobs的主语应该是人。另：逻辑性排除其实很抽象，但是在阅读OG时会遇到很多例子，尤其是定从和分词作定语的句子中，整理一下这些句子并比较，会在这个方面有所收获。

作者: paopao 时间: 2004-7-10 23:18

D的错误

1 which 错只能用于非限定性从句不能用于限定从句中要用that 这是correct 的错误必错

2benefit> beneficial to 一般情况下成立

3逻辑合理最主要不是有两个名词就是以为动作发起者有歧义首先要读是否合理同意stoneren 的意见类似地如两个名词+一个代词此类

只要逻辑意思合理就没有错

另外感觉做题中优先级非常重要不要一上来就用逻辑性合理去排除这样费力不讨好

请多指教

作者: lost_my_account 时间: 2004-7-10 23:24
我觉得E要对还是对在逻辑上，其实做了这么多题，我自然对某些错误非常敏感，但现在发现过分敏感反而会造成更多的错误。在复习之前，你要让我看E,我会告诉你这句子完美极了，D则非常拗口。但是现在已经到了把对的做错的地步。。。

作者: rt316 时间: 2004-7-10 23:40

以下是引用lost_my_account在2004-7-10 23:24:00的发言：
我觉得E要对还是对在逻辑上，其实做了这么多题，我自然对某些错误非常敏感，但现在发现过分敏感反而会造成更多的错误。在复习之前，你要让我看E,我会告诉你这句子完美极了，D则非常拗口。但是现在已经到了把对的做错的地步。。。

这就是我们所谓的螺旋式进步，是个十分正常的过程，度过这个口，会觉得进步很明显，然后持续一段时间后又会感觉有退步，然后再有进步。

作者: rt316 时间: 2004-7-10 23:43

以下是引用paopao在2004-7-10 23:18:00的发言：

D的错误

1 which 错只能用于非限定性从句不能用于限定从句中要用that 这是correct 的错误必错

虽然LZM的确是明确指出过这是个错误，而且在正确答案中的确也没有见到过这种用法，但是在理解OG的补充题后，我认为这点不应该作为优先考虑的致命错误，而只能在某种程度上佐证。

作者: lost_my_account 时间: 2004-7-10 23:45

以下是引用stoneren在2004-7-10 23:40:00的发言：

这就是我们所谓的螺旋式进步，是个十分正常的过程，度过这个口，会觉得进步很明显，然后持续一段时间后又会感觉有退步，然后再有进步。

可是我只有10天了。。55555

我现在什么新题都不做了，不停的看OG.

作者: paopao 时间: 2004-7-11 01:15

以下是引用stoneren在2004-7-10 23:43:00的发言：
虽然LZM的确是明确指出过这是个错误，而且在正确答案中的确也没有见到过这种用法，但是在理解OG的补充题后，我认为这点不应该作为优先考虑的致命错误，而只能在某种程度上佐证。

请教 stoneren, 补充题有反例吗

作者: rt316 时间: 2004-7-11 02:18

补充题中的很多限定性定从用which，OG从没有说过这种用法是错的，我是以此得出结论的。

作者: caterpillar 时间: 2004-8-7 23:22

以下是引用paopao在2004-7-10 23:18:00的发言：

D的错误

1 which 错只能用于非限定性从句不能用于限定从句中要用that 这是correct 的错误必错

啊，有这样的说法啊？我一直以为which可以用于限制和非限制定从，而that只能用于限制性定从。手里没有语法书，哪位能给印证一下啊？

作者: bloodcherry 时间: 2004-8-24 08:17

我也一直以为which是限制非限制都能用的

召唤NN指教

作者: agk99 时间: 2004-9-15 13:29

(A) sentences, which allow the criminals to remain unconfined while they perform specific jobs benefiting the public, have

(B) sentences, performing specific jobs that benefit the public while being allowed to remain unconfined, have

(D) sentences which allow them to remain unconfined in their performing of specific jobs beneficial to the public has（E）

(E) sentences allowing them to remain unconfined while performing specific jobs that benefit the public has

這一題大家討論過很多次，但重點似乎都集中在後半段"performing "的運用，特別是D與E 的差別

我從另一個角度思考這一題，想問的是，D的which限定用法是否會使which錯誤指代成criminals 而不是sentences，造成歧異，所以必須改為allowing才是最正確???

作者: smallkiddy 时间: 2004-9-16 10:10

以下是引用sunshining在2004-7-10 13:06:00的发言：

请问stenoren,D为什么不对呢？

(D) sentences which allow them to remain unconfined in their performing of specific jobs beneficial to the public has（E）

(E) sentences allowing them to remain unconfined while performing specific jobs that benefit the public has

我觉得D很清楚，很详细，是sentence允许犯人做。。。，然后是犯人perform那些工作。

E用了两个分词，allowing,performing，按理说，应该是一个动作主语

比如：While he was eating, I asked him to lend me $2.
当他正在吃饭时,我请他借给我二英镑

如果改成，While eating, I asked him to lend me $2.，就变成
当我正在吃饭时,我请他借给我二英镑

所以，E选项是不是让人误解位那些sentence来perform呢？而且D没有语法错误啊？

多谢

E. allowing 直接跟在 sentences后面，修饰sentences,而while 引导的分词结构是跟在remain后面作为其伴随动作的

作者: linda05312 时间: 2005-1-18 09:51

以下是引用caterpillar在2004-8-7 23:22:00的发言：

啊，有这样的说法啊？我一直以为which可以用于限制和非限制定从，而that只能用于限制性定从。手里没有语法书，哪位能给印证一下啊？

我学英语以来都这么认为。

作者: Avantasia 时间: 2005-4-22 23:11

以下是引用agk99在2004-9-15 13:29:00的发言：

(A) sentences, which allow the criminals to remain unconfined while they perform specific jobs benefiting the public, have

(B) sentences, performing specific jobs that benefit the public while being allowed to remain unconfined, have

(D) sentences which allow them to remain unconfined in their performing of specific jobs beneficial to the public has（E）

(E) sentences allowing them to remain unconfined while performing specific jobs that benefit the public has

這一題大家討論過很多次，但重點似乎都集中在後半段"performing "的運用，特別是D與E 的差別

我從另一個角度思考這一題，想問的是，D的which限定用法是否會使which錯誤指代成criminals 而不是sentences，造成歧異，所以必須改為allowing才是最正確???

这个问题说的好, 我也是这么考虑, 不知道大家意见如何?

作者: 薰衣紫草 时间: 2005-4-23 13:50
我的理解:法令应该用-doing, 而BCE只有E的意思符合逻辑.

作者: adii 时间: 2005-4-23 16:36
标题: 回复：（薰衣紫草）我的理解:法令应该用-doing, 而BCE...

同意
我觉得语法题的分析离不开逻辑
D项虽然可能有指代不清的嫌疑，但是用which指代criminals时逻辑不对，因而不会是指代不清的问题。我感觉ETS所谓的歧义，一定是两种情形都符合逻辑但是又无法取舍时，才是指代不清问题。D项那个 their performing感觉怪怪的，one's doing的结构不是很好吧？呵呵
E的逻辑主语没问题，挺好的，就选它吧

作者: advantage 时间: 2005-6-26 19:46

可是which 是否可以引导限制性定从还没有定论呢亚？

作者: foreinter 时间: 2005-7-18 10:12

以下是引用rt316在2004-7-10 22:56:00的发言：
D的错误首先在于in their performing中的performing，虽然performing可以在一些时候作名词，但是，此处，明显是performance作名词更合理；E中，你提到的问题我想可以用逻辑性进行排除，sentences-allow在逻辑上合理，sentences-performing specific jobs显然不合理，perform jobs的主语应该是人。另：逻辑性排除其实很抽象，但是在阅读OG时会遇到很多例子，尤其是定从和分词作定语的句子中，整理一下这些句子并比较，会在这个方面有所收获。

1. The Wallerstein study indicates that even after a decade young men and women still experience some of the effects of a divorce occurring when a child.

(A) occurring when a child

(B) occurring when children

(D) that occurred when they were children（D）

(E) that has occurred as each was a child

Choice A incorrectly introduces the when... phrase with occurring, thus illogically making divorce the grammatical referent of when a child;

ＯＧ1中，如果通过逻辑性判断，会认为divorce 不能是when从句的主语，肯定是men 和women是when从句的主语，但是ＥＴＳ正是因为divorce is a child 而将Ａ选项排除。

我晕了，到底什么时候应该用逻辑来找出一个错误，而什么时候逻辑又成为一种推断主语的根据呢？

作者: Kevin4U 时间: 2005-7-26 23:01

另问一个语法点：

请指教

(A) sentences, which allow the criminals to remain unconfined while they perform specific jobs benefiting the public, have

(B) sentences, performing specific jobs that benefit the public while being allowed to remain unconfined, have

(D) sentences which allow them to remain unconfined in their performing of specific jobs beneficial to the public has（E）

(E) sentences allowing them to remain unconfined while performing specific jobs that benefit the public has

Choice D 的beneficial to 前面是否要加be动词呢？

From longman Dictionary:

Sentences from books, newspapers, etc.

As its provisions will be beneficial to many people, I hope that we shall deal with it expeditiously.

If exercise is beneficial to health, it must not be left just to Seb Coe or Daley Thompson.

If I thought it was beneficial to the club... that he should know, then I would say.

If we appear to be unable to do without families, then they must be beneficial for us.

It may be beneficial to have separate exchange and completion.

Like vanity publishing, vanity radio is usually not economically beneficial for those who pay for it.

Of the forty who had participated in further education, 27 said it was beneficial for what they were now doing.

While analysts applauded the move as beneficial to Tupperware, some people questioned where the spinoff would leave Premark.

金山词霸：
a temperate climate beneficial to the health;
有利于健康的温和气候；
an arms limitation agreement beneficial to all countries.
对所有国家都有利的武器限制协议。

请大家指教！

多谢！！

作者: Kevin4U 时间: 2005-7-27 16:08
up!

作者: cg 时间: 2005-7-29 21:25

以下是引用Kevin4U在2005-7-26 23:01:00的发言：

另问一个语法点：

请指教

(A) sentences, which allow the criminals to remain unconfined while they perform specific jobs benefiting the public, have

(B) sentences, performing specific jobs that benefit the public while being allowed to remain unconfined, have

(D) sentences which allow them to remain unconfined in their performing of specific jobs beneficial to the public has（E）

(E) sentences allowing them to remain unconfined while performing specific jobs that benefit the public has

Choice D 的beneficial to 前面是否要加be动词呢？

我觉得应该是不用的

in their performing of specific jobs (which are) beneficial to the public

请指正

虽然知道 benefit 优于 be beneficial to 但是还是想问问

作者: aeaya 时间: 2005-9-15 09:16

昨天看by的书说到：介词+所有格+doing，永远错

不知道能否在OG中得到佐证呢？如果可以的话，倒可以记为真理，方便做题。

作者: julia_ggw 时间: 2005-10-25 01:15

以下是引用aeaya在2005-9-15 9:16:00的发言：

昨天看by的书说到：介词+所有格+doing，永远错

不知道能否在OG中得到佐证呢？如果可以的话，倒可以记为真理，方便做题。

顶一下，有没有谁看到过反例呀？

作者: tdyg 时间: 2006-2-24 16:30
最好不要记这些没有语法依据的规则，我花了好大的劲才把这些规则给忘掉。否则在做题时：一方面老是想着希奇古怪的规则，影响分析判断，另一方面，有时候一上来就错误地把正确选项给去掉了。

[此贴子已经被作者于2006-2-24 16:32:03编辑过]

作者: 当当84 时间: 2006-6-20 23:07

以下是引用agk99在2004-9-15 13:29:00的发言：

(A) sentences, which allow the criminals to remain unconfined while they perform specific jobs benefiting the public, have

(B) sentences, performing specific jobs that benefit the public while being allowed to remain unconfined, have

(D) sentences which allow them to remain unconfined in their performing of specific jobs beneficial to the public has（E）

(E) sentences allowing them to remain unconfined while performing specific jobs that benefit the public has

這一題大家討論過很多次，但重點似乎都集中在後半段"performing "的運用，特別是D與E 的差別

我從另一個角度思考這一題，想問的是，D的which限定用法是否會使which錯誤指代成criminals 而不是sentences，造成歧異，所以必須改為allowing才是最正確???

这题我认为是which 不会指代criminials，这里the numuber of convicted criminials的中心词为the number （a of b 结构），那么也就是说即使which不修饰sentences 也应该是修饰the number, 但从which 后面的句子来看，动词为allow 用的不是单数形式，所以只能修饰sentences

作者: cattsky 时间: 2006-9-4 14:25

以下是引用paopao在2004-7-10 23:18:00的发言：

D的错误

1 which 错只能用于非限定性从句不能用于限定从句中要用that 这是correct 的错误必错

在Og的解释里没有提到这点那～～？？？

作者: joshcn2006 时间: 2006-12-20 15:22
那...sentences allowing them to remain
unconfined while performing specific jobs...中，them会不会有指代问题呢？语法上them会不会指代sentences呢？

作者: huangyh03 时间: 2007-11-1 12:05
语法上them不会指代sentences, sentences allowing sentences不对吧，此处如想指代sentences要用返身代词了，呵呵

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