ChaseDream

标题: 【每日逻辑链练习贴】【逻辑1-5】 [打印本页]

作者: fox0923 时间: 2011-8-10 21:01
标题: 【每日逻辑链练习贴】【逻辑1-5】
连逻辑一起发上来~~

又重新修改了一下，因为还没看昨天的逻辑，忽然发现有重题。。。重新update一下~~~

逻辑汇总贴：http://forum.chasedream.com/GMAT_CR/thread-580862-1-1.html
阅读姊妹篇：http://forum.chasedream.com/GMAT_RC/thread-562296-1-1.html

《费费逻辑宝典》Q2
1. During the 1980’s, Japanese collectors were very active inthe market for European art, especially as purchasers of nineteenth-centuryImpressionist paintings. This striking pattern surely reflects a specificpreference on the part of many Japanese collectors for certain aestheticattributes they found in nineteenth-century Impressionist paintings.
Which one of the following, if true, most strongly supportsthe explanation above?

《费费逻辑宝典》Q3
2. Because of the recent recession in Country A most magazinespublished there have experienced decreases in advertising revenue, so much sothat the survival of the most widely read magazines is in grave doubt. At thesame time, however, more people in Country A are reading more magazines thanever before, and the number of financially successful magazines in Country A isgreater than ever.
Which one of the following, if true, most helps to resolvethe apparent discrepancy in the information above?

《费费逻辑宝典》Q14
3. If the government increases its funding for civilianscientific research, private patrons and industries will believe that suchresearch has become primarily the government’s responsibility. When theybelieve that research is no longer primarily their responsibility, privatepatrons and industries will decrease their contributions toward research.Therefore, in order to keep from depressing the overall level of funding forcivilian scientific research, the government should not increase its ownfunding. Which one of the following is an assumption on which theargument relies?

《费费逻辑宝典》Q16
4. The axis of Earth’s daily rotation is tilted with respect tothe plane of its orbit at an angle of roughly 23 degrees. That angle can bekept fairly stable only by the gravitational influence of Earth’s large, nearbyMoon. Without such a stable and moderate axis tilt, a planet’s climate is tooextreme and unstable to support life. Mars, for example, has only very smallmoons, tilts at wildly fluctuating angles, and cannot support life.
If the statements above are true, which one of the followingmust also be true on the basis of them?

《费费逻辑宝典》Q18
5. Modern navigation systems, which are found in most oftoday’s commercial aircraft, are made with low-power circuitry, which is moresusceptible to interference than the vacuum-tube circuitry found in olderplanes. During landing, navigation systems receive radio signals from theairport to guide the plane to the runway. Recently, one plane with low-powercircuitry veered off course during landing, its dials dimming, when a passengerturned on a laptop computer. Clearly, modern aircraft navigation systems arebeing put at risk by the electronic devices that passengers carry on board,such as cassette players and laptop computers. Which one of the following, if true, LEAST strengthens the argumentabove?

作者: superbat28 时间: 2011-8-11 10:38
答案答案~选中以下各行可见：
1. Several nineteenth-century Impressionist painters adopted certain techniques and visual effects found in Japanese prints that are highly esteemed in Japan. （竟然是有因有果...）
2. Advertising is the main source of revenue only for the most widely read magazines; other magazines rely on circulation for their revenue. （二者相比找不同，bingo~）
3. Any increase in government funding would displace more private funding for civilian scientific research than it would provide. （这。。这答案好恶毒。。情何以堪。。）
4.If Earth’s Moon were to leave Earth’s orbit, Earth’s climate would be unable to support life. （这个答案还算乖。。）
5. 各选项如下：
A. After the laptop computer was turned off, the plane regained course and its navigation instruments and dials returned to normal. （有因有果）
B. When in use all electronic devices emit electromagnetic radiation, which is known to interfere with circuitry.
C. No problems with navigational equipment or instrument dials have been reported on flights with no passenger-owned electronic devices on board. （无因无果）
D. Significant electromagnetic radiation from portable electronic devices can travel up to eight meters, and some passenger seats on modern aircraft are located within four meters of the navigation systems. （这算，排除有因无果从而有因有果？）
E. Planes were first equipped with low-power circuitry at about the same time portable electronic devices became popular.

答案是E……要我选我肯定选B了。。尽管E确实不支持。。

作者: superbat28 时间: 2011-8-11 10:39
贴我的结果……

1. 30s
Conclusion: Japanese buy I painting because of aesthetic attributes
Premise: Observation~~~~~~~~blah….

Strengthen: Not other factors that make Japanese likely to buy I painting. (E.g. I paintings are not extremely cheap)

2. 40s
Info1: The most widely read magazines face survival problem
Info2: Paradoxically, more people read magazines and many more financially successful magazines

Resolve the paradox: The most widely read magazines cannot compete with the newly magazines? I mean, A) the most widely read magazines cannot find ads contract or B)the financially successful magazine do not rely on ad contract

3. 42s
Con: The government should not increase its funding for civilian research
Premise: If government funds more, then industries and private patron will decrease

Assumption: If government does not increase, industries and private patron will fund much. 就是说，私人企业不会觉得政府不关注，就不给fund了。。

4. 42s
Info1: Earth rotate angel is 23 degree, thanks to de gravitational influence of moon.
Info2: This stable angel contributes to the existence of life
Info3: Mars, do not have large moon, and do not have life

Infer: If Earth does not have moon, then people distinct?!!!!

5. 56s T T
Con: Modern aircrafts are more suspect to the electric devices
Premise: 1. An example: one plane had dim signal when a passenger opened a laptop during landing
2. The radar or sth. else is different from the old planes

Strengthen: 1. The observation that cited is not an exception.
2. Old planes rarely encounter with such problems
3. No other difference between old planes and modern planes

作者: balapupu 时间: 2011-8-11 11:13
1、【33s】日本的收藏家19世纪的油画市场上很活跃，特别是在印象派的画作方－－》所以当时的印象拍画作在一定程度上反映了日本收藏者的偏好。
support:在画中发现了很多日本独有的文化特色画面。
2。【43s】由于经济不景气，杂志的广告收入下降，导致许多大型的杂志的生存处于艰难地境地。－－》然而，由于越来越多的人开始看杂志，盈利丰厚的杂志公司的数量也增加许多。
discrepancy：增加的杂志公司都是不以广告为盈利收入的廉价杂志公司。
3。【35s】如果国家增加它们对科研的支出，一些慈善家和公司会认为资助科研事业是政府的主要职责－－》所以，这些慈善家和公司会减少它们对科研事业的资助－－》为了防治这种事情的发生——》政府应该不要增加其对科研事业的资助。
assumption:政府消极的资助措施不会打击慈善家和公司的积极性。
4。【49s】地球和它所围绕的行星保持了23度的夹角，这种夹角是由于重力和其离月球近造成的。－－》然而火星上的夹角是不定的，而且有许多卫星－－》所以火星上不可能存在生命。
also be true: 水星没有资这些条件，水星木有生命。
5。【严重超时了。。额，。好多单词不认识】现代航行系统，飞船上用的是低能电路和以前的电路相比。在着陆时，航行系统通过电波来定位跑道－－》但是最近一次着陆中，电波消失了，在乘客使用笔记本电脑的时候－－》所以，乘客携带的电子设备使航天系统面临很大的危险。

作者: balapupu 时间: 2011-8-11 11:17
对啊～～第二题的答案什么意思啊～～第五题的B选项也好别扭啊～～它支持了么？

作者: fox0923 时间: 2011-8-11 14:36
33s
Premise:1980，日本人喜欢收集印象派油画。
Conclusion: 日本当时收藏者的爱好可以从他们印象派画的收集看出来。
Strengthen：在日本发掘出来的19世纪民间宫廷艺术拥有欧洲印象派油画艺术的色彩。

40s
Premise：The decrease of revenue of magazine advertisement undermines the market of widely read magazines, but people actually read more magazines than ever.
Resolve: People read other regular or unpopular magazines more often than the widely read magazines since the advertisement of widely read magazines has been decreased.

45s
Premise: The government will need to take responsibility for funding the civilian scientific research according to private industries.
Conclusion:In order to prevent depressing from the scientific research, the government should not fund such research.
Assumption: The government should not take responsibility so that the private industries would contribute more.

42s
Premise: The earth has life because it has a stable angle of 23 degree, and the stability of angle is caused by gravitational force, yet the mars can't support any life because it has wildly tilted angle which makes its climate very extreme.
Conclusion: Without a stable angle, the life on the planet cannot be supported.
Inference: The angle of mars is not caused by the gravitational force.

时间无限延长，我忿。。。又是这么科技性的术语~~
Premise1

ow circuit of navigation system interferes more than vacuum circuit navigation system.
Premise2:The low circuit in the airplane got trouble when the customer turn on his laptop during landing.
conclusion: Therefore, the performance of navigation system of low-circuit would affected by all electric devices.
Least strengthen: The passengers are not banned to carry electric devices to airplanes with vacuum circuit navigation system.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
在做第二题的时候就感觉脑袋木了，困死了，终于可以去睡了。

作者: daisyの小夢想 时间: 2011-8-11 23:31
1. 31s
BG: Japanese collectors were very idulged in buying European Impressionist paintings.
Premise:
Japanese must have found some aesthetic values of those paitings.
Conclusion:
The activity shows Japanese collocters' certain preference.
Support:
The Impressionists' paintings的艺术意义。

2.52s
Many magazines declined in revenues of advertisement, leading to the doubt of survival.
In contrast,
many people read more magazine, and the number of magazines which are
financially successful become larger.

3. 32s
Premsie: If government increase its funding for scientific research, idividuals and companies will think it's not their responsiblity to donate to the research and thus decrease in funding.
Conclusion:
To prevent the funding from decreasing, the government should not increase its funding.

4. 69s
By large gravity effect, angle of axis can be stable
little gravity effect--> unstable angle--> Mars: extreme weather and tempareture-->can't support life

5.60s
Conclusion: If the passanger use telecommunication equipment on the plane, modern navigation aircraft system is likely to be affacted.

-------------------------------------------------

to 糊糊，我也困到迷迷糊糊了呜呜省略掉推测了... 准备睡觉~

作者: superbat28 时间: 2011-8-12 11:54

对啊～～第二题的答案什么意思啊～～第五题的B选项也好别扭啊～～它支持了么？

-- by 会员 balapupu (2011/8/11 11:17:46)

B貌似支持的:“不会产生说laptop没有电扰”这样的可能= =
即，所有的电子设备都会有电子干扰。。。。。我现在是这么理解的= =

作者: ccmoom 时间: 2011-8-12 16:49
1. 30s
Premise：During the 1980’s, Japanese collectors were very active inthe market for European art, especially as purchasers of nineteenth-century Impressionist paintings.
Conclusion：This striking pattern surely reflects a specific preference on the part of many Japanese collectors for certain aesthetic attributes they found in nineteenth-century Impressionist paintings.
Support：可能通过其它方面证明他们是偏爱这种风格的。

2、28s
Background：Because of the recent recession in Country A most magazines published there have experienced decreases in advertising revenue, so much so that the survival of the most widely read magazines is in grave doubt.
Conclusion：however, more people in Country A are reading more magazines than ever before, and the number of financially successful magazines in Country A is greater than ever.
Resolve the discrepancy：widely read 的书是很困难，但是其它小众的书发展得很好。

3、30s
Background：If the government increases its funding for civilian scientific research, private patrons and industries will believe that such research has become primarily the government’s responsibility. When they believe that research is no longer primarily their responsibility, private patrons and industries will decrease their contributions toward research.
Premise：in order to keep from depressing the overall level of funding for civilian scientific research
Conclusion：the government should not increase its own funding。
Assumption：政府能不能增加funding，但是又不会使公司什么的认为这是政府的责任？

4、44s
Background：The axis of Earth’s daily rotation is tilted with respect to the plane of its orbit at an angle of roughly 23 degrees. That angle can be kept fairly stable only by the gravitational influence of Earth’s large, nearby Moon
Premise：Without such a stable and moderate axis tilt, a planet’s climate is too extreme and unstable to support life.
Conclusion：Mars, for example, has only very small moons, tilts at wildly fluctuating angles, and cannot support life.
Must be ture：不会是，如果火星月亮大，就会有生命？

5、background：Modern navigation systems, which are found in most of today’s commercial aircraft, are made with low-power circuitry, which is more susceptible to interference than the vacuum-tube circuitry found in older planes. During landing, navigation systems receive radio signals from the airport to guide the plane to the runway.
Premise：Recently, one plane with low-power circuitry veered off course during landing, its dials dimming, when a passenger turned on a laptop computer.
Conclusion：Clearly, modern aircraft navigation systems are being put at risk by the electronic devices that passengers carry on board, such as cassette players and laptop computers.
LEAST strengthens：可能是这个事故不是由于the electronic devices that passengers carry on board问题吧。

作者: ccmoom 时间: 2011-8-12 16:52
看了答案，发现都让我无限纠结……

作者: 抓抓sandra 时间: 2011-8-12 21:36
1.45s
premise:在日本1980年代的收藏里头有非常多印象派作品
conclusion：所以many日本人喜欢印象派作品
问题：SUPPORT,需要一个把1980的和现在的日本人的品味联系起来的info

2.42s
premise:由于经济萧条，A国的出版业也萧条
premise：A国的人们很喜欢看关于经济危机的刊物
conclusion：无
问题：paradox，出版业有讲经济危机的刊物很少

3.29s
premise:当政府对research加大投资的时候，私人投资就会减少
conclusion：所以政府不应该overrefund，否则research的总体fund就会减少
问题：assumption，政府增加的fund比私人投资增加的少

4.32s
premise: 地轴有个固定的33度倾斜角
premise：这个倾斜角的稳定是因为地球的重力稳定
premise：而重力又是因为地球附近有一个很大的卫星——月球——来保持地球的
premise:火星周围只有很小的卫星，倾斜角不断变化
conclusion：无
问题：must be true，火星没有稳定的重力

5.60s
premise:飞行器的导航系统现在大多是low-power而不是vacuum-conduit的
premise：飞行器要降落的时候需要这个导航系统来进行发收信号
premise：系统会受到乘客的电子仪器的干扰
conclusion：所以这种导航系统会受到各种小电子仪器的干扰
问题：不能support的，说conclusion里头举例的那几种小仪器比premise提到的电子仪器干扰程度低；飞行器上还有其他的设备来消除这种干扰

作者: 抓抓sandra 时间: 2011-8-12 21:49
1#思路正确
2#思路些许偏差，discrepancy不够切到点上
3#正确，不过答案的表述好绕- -
4#没有想到这种，不过这个答案看到应该就能反映过来；premise隐约记得有support life的但是不敢确定，到时候需要re-locate

5# 这题的stimulus和options都好虐啊！
A.应该是无因无果把
B.interfere with circuitry，支持
C.表述非常绕，多重否定。同意无因无果。
D.好复杂的选项啊。。。。。看到数字对比一下，是直接的有因有果。
E.无关。答案。

作者: 抓抓sandra 时间: 2011-8-12 21:50
发现咱们的逻辑链练习很有效果啊~~今天看逻辑题目速度真的变快了~~~

作者: 大三准备留学 时间: 2012-2-18 15:12
1.日本收藏者非常曾经非常热衷于欧洲艺术，尤其是他们是欧洲映像派画的主要购买者
结论：日本搜藏者偏好于映像派对于艺术的贡献
加强：日本收藏者认为映像派很不错。。。

2。大部分的A国的杂质都在广告收入上大幅下滑，并且达到了难以维持的地步。但是A国却有越来越多的人订阅杂志，并且很多好的杂志都卖的比原来更好了

discrepancy：大家都只买好的杂志去了。。

3.如果政府对公民科学研究进行资金投入，捐助者和工业制造者会认为这个投入是政府的责任，从而不再投入资金
为了不让总资金减少政府不应该投资

假设，政府投资后减少的其他投资大于政府投资

4.地球和地中线保持着23度的夹角这全靠月亮引力的支持如果没有月亮地球无法保持这个夹角也无法孕育生命火星便是个例子

5.新的航空系统的电线与以往的不同更容易受到电磁影响一个乘客打开了笔记本电脑或者什么电子产品会影响到飞机降落时的信号传输。。。

作者: CC5 时间: 2012-10-5 15:21
1.1m15s
Pre:1980’s Japanese collectors collected Impressionist paintings.
Con: Japanese have preference in Impressionist paintings
Supp: preference?collection

2.background:recession in A led a decreases in advertising revenue while a rise in the amount of magazines sold
Gap: recession led more people to buy magazines in order to know about it.

3.38s
Pre: government increases funding on s?private and industry decrease funding on s
Con: government should not increase it to prevent p&I decrease the funding
Assumption: responsibility is related to funding on s

4.好多词不认识啊…

5.用中文表达吧….
现在的n系统能使得飞行器低能量的使用,但却更容易受到外界干扰
举得例子是有行人在使用电脑的时候影响了其着陆..(还是好多词不认识)
能够削弱的:想不出来..

作者: MiaZhang 时间: 2012-11-3 16:51
1.33s
P:日本人在国际市场上对印象派画作的购买行为十分活跃
C:日本人对印象派有特别的偏好
Strengthen：日本人对其他类型的画作买的不那么多，或对某一种画作的购买量可以反映一国收藏的偏好
2.42s
P1：A国杂志广告收入下降，所以认为杂志的生存更困难
P2：A国人民阅读杂志越来越多
Resolve：人们阅读主要是通过借阅的方式而不是购买杂志，或A国杂志的销售收入不足以抵消印刷的成本
3.34s
P:政府对civilian research的投入会使得企业觉得这是政府的责任，进而减少自己在这方面的投入
C：政府不应该投入civilian research
Assumption：企业只会为自己的责任投资，或者政府投资civilian research带来的好处企业也能享受得到
4.39s
P：地球自转角是由moon的引力作用帮助保持稳定的
C：如果没有moon，angle不稳定，极端气候，生命不能存在——Mars
MBT：如果没有月亮，地球上也不会有生命
5.30s（BIBLE上面原题，做过）
P:乘客开电脑，使得飞机导航系统出问题
C:现代乘客在飞机上使用一些设备会使得飞机导航系统受到威胁
Strengthen：没有乘客的飞机，降落时候导航从来没有出过问题，或当乘客关闭电脑后，飞机导航系统恢复

作者: MiaZhang 时间: 2012-11-3 16:55
看完答案后，觉得自己逻辑真是菜。。。

作者: Cybill 时间: 2013-4-5 23:37
1. 25'
BG: Japanese collectors very interested in European Impressionist painting.
Conclusion: This pattern of paint surly reflect Japanese aesthetic attributes.
Support: Japanese cost much money to buy this pattern of paint.

2. 36'
BG: Because of the recession, the most magazines experienced advertising revenue decrease.
Premise: People love to see magazines without advertisement. The price of advertisement is increase.
Conclusion: More people read magazines. Financial successful magazine is increase.

3. 42'
BG: Government want to increase funding for civilian scientific research.
Premise: private partons and industries will decrease their contribute because they think the research is not their responsibility.
Conclusion: Government should not increase their own funding.

4. 34
BG: Earth have a stable angle of 23 degree
Premise: This steady axis tilts can support lives. earth's large moon influence much.
Conclusion: Mars cannot support lives.

5. 59'
BG: Modern navigation systems is more susceptible than the elder one.
For Example: A modern navigation system is effected by a laptop.

作者: Yvette19 时间: 2013-8-4 07:40
1. 45s +25s
BG: Japanese collectors are active in the market of european Impressionist painting, especially of 19th century.
Assumption: Japanese collectors have preference and found special aesthetic attribution of the 19th century impressionist paintings.

Strengthen: Japanese paintings in the 1980s was found to be largely influenced of the painting style of european impressionism.

2. BG: due to the recession in Country A, the revenue of magazines went down with related to advertising
However, the number of people who read magazines increased->successful in magazine industry

Reason of dicrepancy: the most widely read magazines do not rely on advertising

3. Premise: if government increases funding for civilian scientific research, the private patrons and industries will think that they no longer have the responsibility, it's rather government's task and will possibly become negative to the research.
Conclusion: Therefore, government should not increase funding.

Assumption: when fundings from government are less, their scientific productivity are higher. 这不是犯贱么- -！

4. BG: Earth's axis is at an angle of 23 degree tilted to the orbit of moon. gravity and size of the planet's moon is important. and this slight difference enables the earth to maintain lifes.
Mars, with its smaller moon, has extrem climate and cannot support lifes.

Conclusion: If earth's moon leaves the orbit, earth would not be able to support life.

5. modern navigation system with low power circulity are more susceptible to interference from electronic devices than the older ones.
When landing, aircraft need to receive messages from land to the runway. Recently the new airplane was interfered during landing when a passenager used his laptop.

least strengthen...

作者: 大三准备留学 时间: 2013-8-4 15:13

Yvette19 发表于 2013-8-4 07:40
1. 45s +25s
BG: Japanese collectors are active in the market of european Impressionist painting, esp ...

加了个油油。。。嘿嘿

作者: m1nt 时间: 2013-8-11 19:26

1.20s
Premise: Japanese collectors were very active in the market for European art, especially as purchasers of nineteenth-century Impressionist paintings
Conclusion: This striking pattern surely reflects a specific preference on the part of many Japanese collectors for certain aesthetic attributes they found in nineteenth-century Impressionist paintings.
Conclusion: Japanese buy I painting because of aesthetic attributes
Strengthen: No other factors that make Japanese likely to buy I painting

2. 30’
Info1: The most widely read magazines face survival problem
Info2: Paradoxically, more people read magazines and many more financially successful magazines
Explanation: More new magazines

3. 26’
Premise: If government funds more, then industries and private patron will decrease
Conclusion: The government should not increase its funding for civilian research in order to keep from depressing the overall level of funding for civilian scientific research
Assumption: 政府fund没私人多

4. 20’
Premise: The axis of Earth’s daily rotation is tilted with respect to the plane of its orbit at an angle of roughly 23 degrees. That angle can be kept fairly stable only by the gravitational influence of Earth’s large, nearby Moon
Conclusion: Without such a stable and moderate axis tilt, a planet’s climate is too extreme and unstable to support life
Infer: Mars has extreme weather

5. 30’
Background: Modern navigation systems, which are found in most of today’s commercial aircraft, are made with low-power circuitry, which is more susceptible to interference than the vacuum-tube circuitry found in older planes. During landing, navigation systems receive radio signals from the airport to guide the plane to the runway
Premise: Recently, one plane with low-power circuitry veered off course during landing, its dials dimming, when a passenger turned on a laptop computer
Conclusion: modern aircraft navigation systems are being put at risk by the electronic devices that passengers carry on board, such as cassette players and laptop computers
Premise: Recently, one plane with low-power circuitry veered off course during landing, its dials dimming, when a passenger turned on a laptop computer
Strengthen: 不用电器就没影响，用了电器就影响

作者: jenniferlyy125 时间: 2014-2-12 16:04
1. P: 日本人在欧洲画市场很活跃，特别是印象派。显示在日本收藏者喜欢印象派画作中的特定的美学的特征。
加强。【因果】因为喜欢印象画作的美学特征，所以很活跃。
1）gap：喜欢就会收藏。2）事实，日本人对印象画作的独特爱好促使他们收藏 3）假设拍他因：一定是因为喜欢才购买，不因为其他。
方向就是肯定因果关系，因为喜欢，才会购买。因果加强四个方向。NO C 2) A—B 3) NO A, NO B 4) NO B---A

2. P：经济萧条，大多数杂志广告收入减少，大多数流行的杂志不好卖。
P：更多人读更多杂志，成功赚钱的杂志更多。
【差异】杂志广告收入不好。但是更多人读杂志，赚钱的杂志也更多。这里应该由概念混淆，更多人读杂志和广告收入没有必然联系，杂志赚钱也不一定来自广告的赚钱。广告收入应该和广告商作广告的数量有关。
解释：1）更多认读的杂志是那些不怎么作广告的杂志。意思就是没有什么广告来源，当然广告收入减少。2）financially successful的来源不是广告而是其他，revenue=no*price,可能是卖的更多，也可能价钱更多。但是做广告数量不变或者减少。
方向要是可以解释一方面广告收入为什么减少，一方面肯定确实是更多人读杂志，杂志也赚钱。比如更多人买没什么广告的杂志。解释更多认读，赚钱，但是杂志商的广告收入减少。

3. P：如果政府增加对研究的资助，个人和行业会认为这是政府的职责，就会减少对研究的贡献。
C：所以，为了不压制研究的整体资助，政府不应该增加自己的资助。
【逻辑链】增加资助---政府职责—减少贡献。所以政府不增加自己的资助。
政府不增加资助---个人和行业就不会认为是政府职责----就不减少对研究贡献，从而研究的overall funding可以保证。假设应该就是这个逻辑链，政府不增加，个人和行业就会贡献fund。方向就是顺着逻辑链的因果关系。

4. 40’ 归纳。Moon---stable---climate stable---support life. Mars moon is small---angle is fluctuating---not support life. 逻辑链归纳的结果：地球的moon足够大，可以使得..stable，从而支持生命。顺应逻辑链。
P：地球旋转的地轴角度固定，只能够被地球周围大的月球保持。不然的话气候极端不支持生物。
P：比如，火星，只有很小的月球，地球角度浮动很大，不能支持生物。
【归纳】large moon---angel stable---climate ok, support life. Mars: small moon---angel fluctuate---not support life. 归纳就是整合以上内容。1）地球的月球足够大可以支持生命。二火星的月球太少不行。如果地球的月球不是这么大的话，地球没有生命。顺着逻辑链即可。

5. 49’ laptop---cannot work. 所以laptop等电子设备会扰乱飞行。
问not support 不能加强。加强选项只要说明电子设备确实会影响飞行即可。
P：现代导航，用low-power 低功率电路制成，比起老式的真空管电路，对干扰更加敏感。
P：最近，现代导航的飞机偏离轨道，当乘客打开手提电脑的时候，他的表盘失控。
C：所以，现代导航受到电子设备的威胁，比如录音带放音机，和电脑。
【因果】因为打开电脑，现代导航失控，飞机偏离。所以现代导航受到电子设备的影响。
从一个例子得出结论，例子需要有代表性才行。
加强或假设 1）例子有代表性，确实是一有电子设备，现代导航电路受到干扰。2）加强方向，加强因果关系，是电子设备，干扰了导航系统。比如提供事实，每次有电脑等电子设备，导航失控。或者解释原因，为什么电子设备会导致导航失控。2）因果加强四个方向：没有其他的原因，只是因为电子设备。其他条件不影响。NO C. / 没有电子设备就不影响 NO A, NO B./ A---B/ NO B—A, 这题不太适合。

作者: liyao604 时间: 2014-4-15 20:52
Day five
《费费逻辑宝典》Q2
1. During the 1980’s, Japanese collectors were very active in the market for European art, especially as purchasers of nineteenth-century Impressionist paintings. This striking pattern surely reflects a specific preference on the part of many Japanese collectors for certain aesthetic attributes they found in nineteenth-century Impressionist paintings.
Which one of the following, if true, most strongly supports the explanation above?

39’
P：1980日本收藏家对欧洲的印象主义画特别感兴趣
C：reflect部分日本收藏家的preference on那个时候的画的特点
分析：不是因为别的，而是因为对画的特点而买的

《费费逻辑宝典》Q3
2. Because of the recent recession in Country A most magazines published there have experienced decreases in advertising revenue, so much so that the survival of the most widely read magazines is in grave doubt. At the same time, however, more people in Country A are reading more magazines than ever before, and the number of financially successful magazines in Country A is greater than ever.
Which one of the following, if true, most helps to resolve the apparent discrepancy in the information above?

23’
P:因为经济衰退，杂志广告生意不好→很多widely read杂志面临倒闭
P：然而，更多people read more magazine than before，更多finally successful magazine。

《费费逻辑宝典》Q14
3. If the government increases its funding for civilian scientific research, private patrons and industries will believe that such research has become primarily the government’s responsibility. When they believe that research is no longer primarily their responsibility, private patrons and industries will decrease their contributions toward research. Therefore, in order to keep from depressing the overall level of funding for civilian scientific research, the government should not increase its own funding. Which one of the following is an assumption on which the argument relies?

34’
P：当政府+civilian research投资，private patron和industry会认为civilian research是政府的不再是它们的责任→减少投资
C：所以为了让civilian research（不让overall资金水平下降）有足够的资金，政府不应该+投资
分析：增加的不能弥补减少的

《费费逻辑宝典》Q16
4. The axis of Earth’s daily rotation is tilted with respect to the plane of its orbit at an angle of roughly 23 degrees. That angle can be kept fairly stable only by the gravitational influence of Earth’s large, nearby Moon. Without such a stable and moderate axis tilt, a planet’s climate is too extreme and unstable to support life. Mars, for example, has only very small moons, tilts at wildly fluctuating angles, and cannot support life.
If the statements above are true, which one of the following must also be true on the basis of them?

53’
P：地球rotation的角度大概是23，
C：因为它的月亮引力很大→保持不变的angle→no extreme and unstable climate→retain life
P：火星因为月亮引力很小→不能保持不变的angle→不能retain life

《费费逻辑宝典》Q18
5. Modern navigation systems, which are found in most of today’s commercial aircraft, are made with low-power circuitry, which is more susceptible to interference than the vacuum-tube circuitry found in older planes. During landing, navigation systems receive radio signals from the airport to guide the plane to the runway. Recently, one plane with low-power circuitry veered off course during landing, its dials dimming, when a passenger turned on a laptop computer. Clearly, modern aircraft navigation systems are being put at risk by the electronic devices that passengers carry on board, such as cassette players and laptop computers. Which one of the following, if true, LEAST strengthens the argument above?

50’
P：现在的navigation system（most found in today’s commercial aircraft）没有以前的抗干扰
p：plane降落的时候通过接受airport的信号来导航降落
P：有个乘客打开laptop飞机（with low~）被电子信号干扰
C：所以现在的plane will be put into risk with the electronic devices

作者: kaniris 时间: 2014-9-8 11:51
谢谢，学习了！

作者: 问啊问啊 时间: 2015-6-6 07:06
6/5/2015【逻辑1-5】
《费费逻辑宝典》Q2
1. During the 1980’s, Japanese collectors were very active in the market for European art, especially as purchasers of nineteenth-century Impressionist paintings. This striking pattern surely reflects a specific preference on the part of many Japanese collectors for certain aesthetic attributes they found in nineteenth-century Impressionist paintings.
Which one of the following, if true, most strongly supports the explanation above?

58
P:1980年，日本收藏夹家开始对欧洲艺术品感兴趣，尤其是作为I的购买者出现
C:这反映了一个趋势，大部分日本收藏家开始对I感兴趣了

==
P:1980年，日本收藏夹家开始对欧洲艺术品感兴趣，尤其是作为19世纪的I的购买者出现
显著的模式反应了特殊的偏好，也就是大部分日本收藏家对某种审美属性

《费费逻辑宝典》Q3
2. Because of the recent recession in Country A most magazines published there have experienced decreases in advertising revenue, so much so that the survival of the most widely read magazines is in grave doubt. At the same time, however, more people in Country A are reading more magazines than ever before, and the number of financially successful magazines in Country A is greater than ever.
Which one of the following, if true, most helps to resolve the apparent discrepancy in the information above?

39
P：随着A的经济不景气，购买杂志的人的数量减少了，但与此同时，阅读杂志的人增多了
问如何解释这个矛盾？
G:是不是读电子杂志？是不是读免费赠送杂志？

《费费逻辑宝典》Q14
3. If the government increases its funding for civilian scientific research, private patrons and industries will believe that such research has become primarily the government’s responsibility. When they believe that research is no longer primarily their responsibility, private patrons and industries will decrease their contributions toward research. Therefore, in order to keep from depressing the overall level of funding for civilian scientific research, the government should not increase its own funding. Which one of the following is an assumption on which the argument relies?

46
F:如果政府对民间科研投入增加，其他赞助人的投资也会增加，反之亦然。
P:目标，果：如果政府不想抑制民间科研的发展
C:方案，因：就应该增加对民间科研的投资
问假设
G:赞助人的投资确实用在科研上了（这个猜测好像不涉及逻辑链的桥梁）
===彻底理解错了
。【35s】如果国家增加它们对科研的支出，一些慈善家和公司会认为资助科研事业是政府的主要职责－－》所以，这些慈善家和公司会减少它们对科研事业的资助－－》为了防治这种事情的发生——》政府应该不要增加其对科研事业的资助。
assumption:政府消极的资助措施不会打击慈善家和公司的积极性。

《费费逻辑宝典》Q16
4. The axis of Earth’s daily rotation is tilted with respect to the plane of its orbit at an angle of roughly 23 degrees. That angle can be kept fairly stable only by the gravitational influence of Earth’s large, nearby Moon. Without such a stable and moderate axis tilt, a planet’s climate is too extreme and unstable to support life. Mars, for example, has only very small moons, tilts at wildly fluctuating angles, and cannot support life.
If the statements above are true, which one of the following must also be true on the basis of them?

49
地球由于月球影响，有23度的tilt，这样可以支持生命
火星只有很小的月球，所以无法支持生命
如果上述为真，以下什么也为真

《费费逻辑宝典》Q18
5. Modern navigation systems, which are found in most of today’s commercial aircraft, are made with low-power circuitry, which is more susceptible to interference than the vacuum-tube circuitry found in older planes. During landing, navigation systems receive radio signals from the airport to guide the plane to the runway. Recently, one plane with low-power circuitry veered off course during landing, its dials dimming, when a passenger turned on a laptop computer. Clearly, modern aircraft navigation systems are being put at risk by the electronic devices that passengers carry on board, such as cassette players and laptop computers. Which one of the following, if true, LEAST strengthens the argument above?
53
F:飞机上的导航系统用的是低压电路，比更早的真空管电路要高级许多。这个电路在飞机着陆时支持导航飞机找到跑到。
P:最近一次事故，飞机在着陆时低压电路的信号越来越弱，查明是因为一乘客打开了手提电脑
C:电子设备如笔记本电脑，卡式磁带机等会影响飞机的导航。
问最不加强结论的。

作者: 进击的智人阿飞 时间: 2018-10-13 16:04
1.  21sPremise: 买欧洲印象派作品的日本人很多  conclusion：这个情况反映了当时日本普遍对欧洲画派的审美Assumption: 前提不导致结果不存在。没有更多的日本人买其他画作； fill the gap。日本人买画是因为喜欢它

2.  30sPremise: country A遭遇经济衰退+很多杂志广告收入减少+ 但是看杂志的人比以前多+获利的杂志比以前多Paradox assumption: 杂志获利是因为人们休闲时间增多（失业），导致销售量增加，而不是广告收入，因为付不起广告钱

3.  31sPremise: 如果政府资助素人创新研究，个体老板和企业会认为创新不是他们的责任是政府之责+他们就会懈怠Conclusion: 为了解决素人创新低迷问题，政府不应该出资Assumption: 前提不导致结果不存在，政府出资不会激励新人创新；前提一定导致结论，解释为什么个体老板和企业会因为政府给钱就懈怠

4.  45sPremise: 地球自转有个偏角与月亮引力有关+这个偏角的稳定使地球天气不极端+火星也有一个很小的月亮+火星的自传角度是波动的+火星没人住Conclusion？火星天气极端，火星的月亮引力不够大之类

5.  60sPremise: 飞机有个航海系统靠微电流支撑+落地时靠这个系统接受地面信号+最近一个飞机落地时信号弱，因为一个乘客打开电脑Conclusion: 电子设备会让飞机出现危险Least strengthen: 他因。该飞机本身有故障；乘客打开电脑时刚好有其他磁场变化导致飞机信号若；前提不导致结果，飞机自己有保护措施

作者: 园成寺怜 时间: 2018-10-14 21:13

发表于 2011-08-11 10:38:33
答案答案~选中以下各行可见：1. Several nineteenth-century Impres...

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作者: gouguoqu 时间: 2021-1-19 13:21
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