ChaseDream

标题: superbat呼叫斑主!OG Q105 关于代词、ing结构能否修饰介宾中的宾语 [打印本页]

作者: superbat28    时间: 2011-7-19 20:13
标题: superbat呼叫斑主!OG Q105 关于代词、ing结构能否修饰介宾中的宾语
Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives, capitalized on her keen observation and love of the natural world.
(A) Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives,
(B) In her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives, Beatrix Potter
(C) In her book illustrations, which she carefully coordinated with her narratives, Beatrix Potter
(D) Carefully coordinated with her narratives, Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations
(E) Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinated them with her narratives and

对于A选项,OG说:The participial phrase does not clearly modify the noun in the preceding phrase. 但是我认为coordinating只能修饰BP吧,分词短语不是不可以修饰介宾短语中的宾语么?如OG 第一题C选项。

此外,关于代词。。OG没有提到关于them的问题,可是我想问:尽管对于代词指代貌似应该是遵循按逻辑意思来寻找的原则,可能就近指代,可能跳跃指代,可能指中心词什么的。但是,代词是不能指代介宾结构中的宾语的吧?这个想法对否?
若对,是不是该题A选项,包括其后有些选项,代词指代也有错误?
作者: cecilia199004    时间: 2011-7-19 20:45
同问
作者: 猫猫咪伢    时间: 2011-7-19 21:13
翻翻自己的笔记,上新东方之前做对了,上过新东方之后,按照老师的思路,也是死死地选了A。。。人生凌乱了
作者: superbat28    时间: 2011-7-19 21:15
翻翻自己的笔记,上新东方之前做对了,上过新东方之后,按照老师的思路,也是死死地选了A。。。人生凌乱了
-- by 会员 猫猫咪伢 (2011/7/19 21:13:28)



== 俺们巨蟹座的~哈哈……
我现在越看OG,越觉得XDF太绝对化,太误导我了T T
研读OG吧~阅读、语法、逻辑都重新从OG开始…………
作者: 塔罗牌    时间: 2011-7-19 23:14
这题是不是选B啊
作者: 塔罗牌    时间: 2011-7-19 23:24
纠结了一下还是选C了 答案是什么 我这台电脑上没有OG……
作者: 无敌可爱多    时间: 2011-7-19 23:29
为什么选A呢? OG有一个说法就是当个修饰性成分在两个逗号中,就容易被set off, 因此in her book illustrations是一个不能被轻易set off的修饰,因此不能放在主语和另一个修饰成分的中间。
作者: 塔罗牌    时间: 2011-7-19 23:30
为什么选A呢? OG有一个说法就是当个修饰性成分在两个逗号中,就容易被set off, 因此in her book illustrations是一个不能被轻易set off的修饰,因此不能放在主语和另一个修饰成分的中间。
-- by 会员 无敌可爱多 (2011/7/19 23:29:19)


选A?不至于吧~
到底选什么呀?
我第一个排除的就是A
作者: 无敌可爱多    时间: 2011-7-20 08:25
为什么选A呢? OG有一个说法就是当个修饰性成分在两个逗号中,就容易被set off, 因此in her book illustrations是一个不能被轻易set off的修饰,因此不能放在主语和另一个修饰成分的中间。
-- by 会员 无敌可爱多 (2011/7/19 23:29:19)



选A?不至于吧~
到底选什么呀?
我第一个排除的就是A
-- by 会员 塔罗牌 (2011/7/19 23:30:22)



当然是选C了
作者: 无敌可爱多    时间: 2011-7-20 08:31
Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives, capitalized on her keen observation and love of the natural world.
(A) Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives,
(B) In her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives, Beatrix Potter
(C) In her book illustrations, which she carefully coordinated with her narratives, Beatrix Potter
(D) Carefully coordinated with her narratives, Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations
(E) Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinated them with her narratives and

对于A选项,OG说:The participial phrase does not clearly modify the noun in the preceding phrase. 但是我认为coordinating只能修饰BP吧,分词短语不是不可以修饰介宾短语中的宾语么?如OG 第一题C选项。

此外,关于代词。。OG没有提到关于them的问题,可是我想问:尽管对于代词指代貌似应该是遵循按逻辑意思来寻找的原则,可能就近指代,可能跳跃指代,可能指中心词什么的。但是,代词是不能指代介宾结构中的宾语的吧?这个想法对否?
若对,是不是该题A选项,包括其后有些选项,代词指代也有错误?
-- by 会员 superbat28 (2011/7/19 20:13:49)




在B选项有你说的这个问题,不过你还是呼唤一下版主吧

在A选项里,them是几乎不可能指代到一个能“去掉也不改变句意”的内容上去的。
作者: superbat28    时间: 2011-7-20 08:42
纠结了一下还是选C了 答案是什么 我这台电脑上没有OG……
-- by 会员 塔罗牌 (2011/7/19 23:24:02)



选C选C~
作者: superbat28    时间: 2011-7-20 08:44
Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives, capitalized on her keen observation and love of the natural world.
(A) Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives,
(B) In her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives, Beatrix Potter
(C) In her book illustrations, which she carefully coordinated with her narratives, Beatrix Potter
(D) Carefully coordinated with her narratives, Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations
(E) Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinated them with her narratives and

对于A选项,OG说:The participial phrase does not clearly modify the noun in the preceding phrase. 但是我认为coordinating只能修饰BP吧,分词短语不是不可以修饰介宾短语中的宾语么?如OG 第一题C选项。

此外,关于代词。。OG没有提到关于them的问题,可是我想问:尽管对于代词指代貌似应该是遵循按逻辑意思来寻找的原则,可能就近指代,可能跳跃指代,可能指中心词什么的。但是,代词是不能指代介宾结构中的宾语的吧?这个想法对否?
若对,是不是该题A选项,包括其后有些选项,代词指代也有错误?
-- by 会员 superbat28 (2011/7/19 20:13:49)





在B选项有你说的这个问题,不过你还是呼唤一下版主吧

在A选项里,them是几乎不可能指代到一个能“去掉也不改变句意”的内容上去的。
-- by 会员 无敌可爱多 (2011/7/20 8:31:10)



斑主基本米有理过我……哈,我还得修炼内功~天天呼唤~!
作者: 无敌可爱多    时间: 2011-7-20 08:55
Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives, capitalized on her keen observation and love of the natural world.
(A) Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives,
(B) In her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives, Beatrix Potter
(C) In her book illustrations, which she carefully coordinated with her narratives, Beatrix Potter
(D) Carefully coordinated with her narratives, Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations
(E) Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinated them with her narratives and

对于A选项,OG说:The participial phrase does not clearly modify the noun in the preceding phrase. 但是我认为coordinating只能修饰BP吧,分词短语不是不可以修饰介宾短语中的宾语么?如OG 第一题C选项。

此外,关于代词。。OG没有提到关于them的问题,可是我想问:尽管对于代词指代貌似应该是遵循按逻辑意思来寻找的原则,可能就近指代,可能跳跃指代,可能指中心词什么的。但是,代词是不能指代介宾结构中的宾语的吧?这个想法对否?
若对,是不是该题A选项,包括其后有些选项,代词指代也有错误?
-- by 会员 superbat28 (2011/7/19 20:13:49)






在B选项有你说的这个问题,不过你还是呼唤一下版主吧

在A选项里,them是几乎不可能指代到一个能“去掉也不改变句意”的内容上去的。
-- by 会员 无敌可爱多 (2011/7/20 8:31:10)




斑主基本米有理过我……哈,我还得修炼内功~天天呼唤~!
-- by 会员 superbat28 (2011/7/20 8:44:49)



建议你把标题改成:呼唤版主...另外在标题里面直接问代词能不能指代介宾结构宾语的问题。
作者: superbat28    时间: 2011-7-20 08:58
Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives, capitalized on her keen observation and love of the natural world.
(A) Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives,
(B) In her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives, Beatrix Potter
(C) In her book illustrations, which she carefully coordinated with her narratives, Beatrix Potter
(D) Carefully coordinated with her narratives, Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations
(E) Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinated them with her narratives and

对于A选项,OG说:The participial phrase does not clearly modify the noun in the preceding phrase. 但是我认为coordinating只能修饰BP吧,分词短语不是不可以修饰介宾短语中的宾语么?如OG 第一题C选项。

此外,关于代词。。OG没有提到关于them的问题,可是我想问:尽管对于代词指代貌似应该是遵循按逻辑意思来寻找的原则,可能就近指代,可能跳跃指代,可能指中心词什么的。但是,代词是不能指代介宾结构中的宾语的吧?这个想法对否?
若对,是不是该题A选项,包括其后有些选项,代词指代也有错误?
-- by 会员 superbat28 (2011/7/19 20:13:49)







在B选项有你说的这个问题,不过你还是呼唤一下版主吧

在A选项里,them是几乎不可能指代到一个能“去掉也不改变句意”的内容上去的。
-- by 会员 无敌可爱多 (2011/7/20 8:31:10)





斑主基本米有理过我……哈,我还得修炼内功~天天呼唤~!
-- by 会员 superbat28 (2011/7/20 8:44:49)




建议你把标题改成:呼唤版主...另外在标题里面直接问代词能不能指代介宾结构宾语的问题。
-- by 会员 无敌可爱多 (2011/7/20 8:55:35)



哇哈哈~over!
作者: 塔罗牌    时间: 2011-7-20 09:31
capitalized肯定要离动作的发出者越近越好 所以肯定是BC中选 到底选哪个就再仔细读一下
作者: superbat28    时间: 2011-7-20 09:35
capitalized肯定要离动作的发出者越近越好 所以肯定是BC中选 到底选哪个就再仔细读一下
-- by 会员 塔罗牌 (2011/7/20 9:31:21)



那肯定是~可是我现在就是想知道那个分词ing形式到底能不能修饰一个介宾短语中的宾语。
像OG第一题,C选项全句是:The Glass HOuse Mountains in Queensland, Austrilia were sighted in 1770 by the English navigator Captain James Cook, naming them supposedly since their sheer wet rocks glistened like glass.
解释就是naming不能修饰JC,因为JC is the object of a preposition and not the subject of the clause。
所以,我就想知道B,那个coordinating,应该只能修饰BP,不能像OG所说修饰其之前的紧邻名词illustration吧?
作者: superbat28    时间: 2011-7-20 11:25
饭前up下~
作者: superbat28    时间: 2011-7-20 18:30
up啊!
作者: aeoluseros    时间: 2011-7-22 13:07
Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives, capitalized on her keen observation and love of the natural world.
(A) Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives,
(B) In her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives, Beatrix Potter
(C) In her book illustrations, which she carefully coordinated with her narratives, Beatrix Potter
(D) Carefully coordinated with her narratives, Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations
(E) Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinated them with her narratives and

对于A选项,OG说:The participial phrase does not clearly modify the noun in the preceding phrase. 但是我认为coordinating只能修饰BP吧,分词短语不是不可以修饰介宾短语中的宾语么?如OG 第一题C选项。

此外,关于代词。。OG没有提到关于them的问题,可是我想问:尽管对于代词指代貌似应该是遵循按逻辑意思来寻找的原则,可能就近指代,可能跳跃指代,可能指中心词什么的。但是,代词是不能指代介宾结构中的宾语的吧?这个想法对否?
若对,是不是该题A选项,包括其后有些选项,代词指代也有错误?
-- by 会员 superbat28 (2011/7/19 20:13:49)


"The participial phrase does not clearly modify the noun in the preceding phrase. "的意思就是语法上无法修饰到book illustrations,而只能修饰BP,而且即便修饰BP,主谓之间夹了两个短语也是不好的,另外还有coordinate them也是错的,这个them无所指。我们在读句子的时候非限定性状语(即用逗号隔开的状语)永远都只是做一个场景提示,而不会作为重点词来看,对于只修饰核心成分(如主谓宾)的用逗号隔开的现在分词短语"carefully coordinating them with her narratives"是不会修饰到illustrations的。
代词是可以指代介宾结构中的宾语的,很常见。代词指代本质上是根据读者读得舒不舒服、能否立马理解指代对象来判断的,要是你读过去了,总觉得不知道指谁(前提是有好的语感),那么基本上这个介词有问题。GMAT正确句子里面的介词的指代都很明显,可以参看一下。
作者: superbat28    时间: 2011-7-22 15:09
Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives, capitalized on her keen observation and love of the natural world.
(A) Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives,
(B) In her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives, Beatrix Potter
(C) In her book illustrations, which she carefully coordinated with her narratives, Beatrix Potter
(D) Carefully coordinated with her narratives, Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations
(E) Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinated them with her narratives and

对于A选项,OG说:The participial phrase does not clearly modify the noun in the preceding phrase. 但是我认为coordinating只能修饰BP吧,分词短语不是不可以修饰介宾短语中的宾语么?如OG 第一题C选项。

此外,关于代词。。OG没有提到关于them的问题,可是我想问:尽管对于代词指代貌似应该是遵循按逻辑意思来寻找的原则,可能就近指代,可能跳跃指代,可能指中心词什么的。但是,代词是不能指代介宾结构中的宾语的吧?这个想法对否?
若对,是不是该题A选项,包括其后有些选项,代词指代也有错误?
-- by 会员 superbat28 (2011/7/19 20:13:49)



"The participial phrase does not clearly modify the noun in the preceding phrase. "的意思就是语法上无法修饰到book illustrations,而只能修饰BP,而且即便修饰BP,主谓之间夹了两个短语也是不好的,另外还有coordinate them也是错的,这个them无所指。我们在读句子的时候非限定性状语(即用逗号隔开的状语)永远都只是做一个场景提示,而不会作为重点词来看,对于只修饰核心成分(如主谓宾)的用逗号隔开的现在分词短语"carefully coordinating them with her narratives"是不会修饰到illustrations的。
代词是可以指代介宾结构中的宾语的,很常见。代词指代本质上是根据读者读得舒不舒服、能否立马理解指代对象来判断的,要是你读过去了,总觉得不知道指谁(前提是有好的语感),那么基本上这个介词有问题。GMAT正确句子里面的介词的指代都很明显,可以参看一下。
-- by 会员 aeoluseros (2011/7/22 13:07:28)



谢谢版主~
我想我应该是懂了~即这还是一个句子层次或者说是逻辑层次的问题,right?
像in her illustrations是一个插入语,对句子是补充的作用,所以重要的分词是不会修饰到这个插入语结构中去的,对吧?
In addition,分词和代词在这个问题上其实也是一样的,主要凭意思和逻辑来理解。我想最好的一个例子应该是Q98
Even though Clovis points, spear points with longitudinal grooves chipped onto their faces, have been found all over North America, they are named for the New Mexico site where they were first discovered in 1932.
这里的their是在次一层的插入语中,故只能指代spear points,而they是在主句中修饰Clovis points。

关于那个代词能否指代介词宾语的问题,我又翻了翻,好像是我之前对Q78 A选项的解释没理解对导致的~这个没有问题啦!

再次谢谢版主!
作者: 鹤源    时间: 2011-7-22 18:18
capitalized肯定要离动作的发出者越近越好 所以肯定是BC中选 到底选哪个就再仔细读一下
-- by 会员 塔罗牌 (2011/7/20 9:31:21)




那肯定是~可是我现在就是想知道那个分词ing形式到底能不能修饰一个介宾短语中的宾语。
像OG第一题,C选项全句是:The Glass HOuse Mountains in Queensland, Austrilia were sighted in 1770 by the English navigator Captain James Cook, naming them supposedly since their sheer wet rocks glistened like glass.
解释就是naming不能修饰JC,因为JC is the object of a preposition and not the subject of the clause。
所以,我就想知道B,那个coordinating,应该只能修饰BP,不能像OG所说修饰其之前的紧邻名词illustration吧?
-- by 会员 superbat28 (2011/7/20 9:35:24)



如果naming修饰JC,逗号该去掉吧;coordinating若想修饰illustration,我觉得也需要去掉逗号,但这样对这道题来讲意思上就很混乱。
作者: superbat28    时间: 2011-7-22 20:02
capitalized肯定要离动作的发出者越近越好 所以肯定是BC中选 到底选哪个就再仔细读一下
-- by 会员 塔罗牌 (2011/7/20 9:31:21)





那肯定是~可是我现在就是想知道那个分词ing形式到底能不能修饰一个介宾短语中的宾语。
像OG第一题,C选项全句是:The Glass HOuse Mountains in Queensland, Austrilia were sighted in 1770 by the English navigator Captain James Cook, naming them supposedly since their sheer wet rocks glistened like glass.
解释就是naming不能修饰JC,因为JC is the object of a preposition and not the subject of the clause。
所以,我就想知道B,那个coordinating,应该只能修饰BP,不能像OG所说修饰其之前的紧邻名词illustration吧?
-- by 会员 superbat28 (2011/7/20 9:35:24)




如果naming修饰JC,逗号该去掉吧;coordinating若想修饰illustration,我觉得也需要去掉逗号,但这样对这道题来讲意思上就很混乱。
-- by 会员 鹤源 (2011/7/22 18:18:38)



你是按照那个规则来的吧:“分词前若无逗号修饰其前面紧邻的名词”
其实原来也觉得对来着,不过觉着GMAT好像不存在那么absolute的原则,还是要先以逻辑层次、结构优先考虑,像斑主那样分析~
其实我现在还对B存有疑惑, 你看OG上第一句解释就是coordinating可能修饰book illustrations。。。我就不懂了……sigh
作者: kidvii    时间: 2011-8-3 14:01
原来是superbat开的帖。。。
越看越困惑。

这么说来,是不是代词不可指代介宾,Ving可修饰介宾??
作者: superbat28    时间: 2011-8-3 14:41
原来是superbat开的帖。。。
越看越困惑。

这么说来,是不是代词不可指代介宾,Ving可修饰介宾??
-- by 会员 kidvii (2011/8/3 14:01:45)





这个问题乱了去了……哈哈。好像不是这样的,kid…按照版主的一贯主张,语法仍是逻辑优先,一定要注意句子层次感的问题。。
以下是我的看法哈,从manhattan最近习得+我对版主的话的理解:
1. ing结构在其前面没有逗号的时候,一定是形容词,修饰最近的名词,不管这个名词是否是做什么成分,主语、宾语、介宾都无所谓,无逗号的ing形式一定是形容词,修饰临近的(一定是紧挨着的)那个名词。
2. ing结构前面有逗号的时候,优先考虑其作状语,其修饰的对象是前面整个句子主干。但ing做状语又有很多种区分:
   若主句是主系表结构,ing结构是对前面主系表结构的句子做的一种补充说明,此时ing结构不表伴随,不表结果,只是表示一个补充说明的  意思。
   而当前面是主谓宾的时候,逗号+ing形式可做伴随动作,可做结果状语。若表伴随,其伴随的是主句动词,但必须保证主句主语是ing形式的动作发出者。若表结果状语,其修饰前面整个主句,并无逻辑主语的问题,但是前面主句再改作名词结构后,可以作为ing结构动作的发出者。举例如下(OG12 Q47):
Five sea eagles left their nests in western Scotland, bringing to 34.... (这道题是OG最经典的bringing做结果状语,修饰前面整件事)
把主句变为名词,即是The leave of the five sea eagles brings....  可见是这个leave这个事情(把left名词化)作为brings的真正主语。

但是具体到这道题的A选项,
Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narraitives, capitalized on her keen... 这个in her book illustrations是个插入语,所以并不是句子主干,故coordinating是一个伴随BP capitalized on her keen...的动作。

但是对于代词。。我感觉除了平行结构中,主语位置的代词一般优先指代平行结构另一个句子中的主语之外,在句子中指代问题还是很随便的。。只要没有单复数、性别上的问题(比如不能用her指代Obamma)这两个大原则问题外,只要前面只有一个可以指代的对象,我觉得指代就可以认为是正确的。

这道题them现在我来看的话,我觉得只能指代book illustrations,所以按理来说应该没有问题。但是还是版主说的那样,这个them是句子主干的结构,book illustrations又是个可有可无的结构,二者不在一个逻辑层面上,所以我觉得这个指代并不够好,但不能说是硬性错误。

嗯。。说了好多话啊。。。。哈哈
作者: ViannaLIN    时间: 2011-9-7 18:48
好清楚,谢谢LZ!
作者: aeoluseros    时间: 2011-9-19 18:06

这道题them现在我来看的话,我觉得只能指代book illustrations,所以按理来说应该没有问题。但是还是版主说的那样,这个them是句子主干的结构,book illustrations又是个可有可无的结构,二者不在一个逻辑层面上,所以我觉得这个指代并不够好,但不能说是硬性错误。

嗯。。说了好多话啊。。。。哈哈
-- by 会员 superbat28 (2011/8/3 14:41:15)


完全正确!
作者: superbat28    时间: 2011-9-19 18:19
这道题them现在我来看的话,我觉得只能指代book illustrations,所以按理来说应该没有问题。但是还是版主说的那样,这个them是句子主干的结构,book illustrations又是个可有可无的结构,二者不在一个逻辑层面上,所以我觉得这个指代并不够好,但不能说是硬性错误。

嗯。。说了好多话啊。。。。哈哈
-- by 会员 superbat28 (2011/8/3 14:41:15)




完全正确!
-- by 会员 aeoluseros (2011/9/19 18:06:31)




嘿~看版主又关注了下这个贴~哈哈~
谢谢版主大人2个月前的指点~BAT考完啦~哈哈~
熬出来了~~
作者: aeoluseros    时间: 2011-9-19 20:10
看到bat的经验帖了,棒得一腿腿!恭喜哈!

momo,一晃两个月了,时间真快…刚从收藏夹里翻出来这个帖子
作者: jj0615    时间: 2011-10-7 12:17
谢谢superbat,但是我仍然有两个问题:
对于A选项中OG的解释
A the participial phrase does not clearly modify the noun in the preceding phrase; use of the present progressive form of the verb confuses the sequence of time with respect to the past tense of the main verb capitalized.
黄色部分的字体应该理解,为什么说进行时(coordinating)打乱时间顺序,coordinate和capitalize不是同时发生的?
另外,对于E选项中OG的解释,
E    the participial phrase does not clearly modify book illustrations; the relationships among the parts of the sentence are unclear.
这里不是讲coordinate与capitalize用and作并列了吗,为什么OG上还说没有清晰地修饰illustration?E为什么不可以选?
谢谢!

作者: jj0615    时间: 2011-10-8 16:16
up
作者: jj0615    时间: 2011-10-17 13:15
up
作者: superbat28    时间: 2011-10-18 01:00
谢谢superbat,但是我仍然有两个问题:
对于A选项中OG的解释
A the participial phrase does not clearly modify the noun in the preceding phrase; use of the present progressive form of the verb confuses the sequence of time with respect to the past tense of the main verb capitalized.
黄色部分的字体应该理解,为什么说进行时(coordinating)打乱时间顺序,coordinate和capitalize不是同时发生的?
另外,对于E选项中OG的解释,
Ethe participial phrase does not clearly modify book illustrations; the relationships among the parts of the sentence are unclear.
这里不是讲coordinate与capitalize用and作并列了吗,为什么OG上还说没有清晰地修饰illustration?E为什么不可以选?
谢谢!
-- by 会员 jj0615 (2011/10/7 12:17:03)



哎,日子过混乱了。我给你发个附件,考的时候和抓抓同学讨论时候写的的。你先看看哈~
作者: gato    时间: 2011-10-24 04:33
来学习了。。。。。
作者: gato    时间: 2011-10-24 04:49
支持!
作者: ericwilliam    时间: 2011-10-26 10:25
受教了
作者: crack25    时间: 2011-10-30 23:23
过来,总结一下:
先引述RON得
1) when you use a COMMA -ING modifier after a clause**, you should actually satisfy TWO requirements:
-- the modifier should modify the action of the preceding clause, as you have stated;
AND
-- the subject of the preceding clause should also make sense as the agent of the -ING action.

examples:
Joe broke the window, angering his father. --> this sentence makes sense, because it correctly implies that joe "angered his father".
the window was broken by Joe, angering his father. --> this sentence doesn't make sense, because it implies that the window (i.e., not joe himself) angered joe's father.

my brother tricked me, disappointing Dad --> implies that dad is disappointed in my brother for tricking me (and not necessarily disappointed in me for being tricked).
i was tricked by my brother, disappointing Dad --> implies that dad is disappointed in me because i fell for my brother's trick (and not that he's disappointed in my brother for tricking me).

再重复一下
COMMA+ VERBING
1) LOOK AT THE SUBJECT. IF IT IS NOT LOGIC-- PASS~
2) LOOK AT rON'S WORDS. i F IT CAN NOT FIT EITHER (1) OR(2),WILL PASS~

PS: COMMA+VERBED
DEFINITELY, DIRECTLY, IMMEDIATELING MODIFY THE NOUN. hahaha,! if it is not logic, well pass it
作者: wtx2490467    时间: 2011-11-1 10:41
好贴,
作者: xyc19901015    时间: 2011-11-14 15:02
看了这么多,我只有一个问题:carefully coordinating 到底是作状语还是定语啊?OG上一直在说modifiy the noun(即作定语),但是我怎么觉得这是状语啊?superbat同志,你说呢?
作者: ella13    时间: 2011-11-15 10:57
这里的名词只有两个BP 和illustrations ,所以代词的指代如果没错不会有语义的混乱。所以这里的them 是对的指代illustrations.
作者: wbhsky    时间: 2011-12-4 23:30
MARK!
作者: teddybearj4    时间: 2012-2-8 09:56
感谢bat斑竹和aeoluseros大斑竹给我们研读OG的帮助!Q105和Q107真心的解释的好啊!!!
作者: syjessy    时间: 2012-2-8 10:14
Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives, capitalized on her keen observation and love of the natural world.
(A) Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives,
(B) In her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives, Beatrix Potter
(C) In her book illustrations, which she carefully coordinated with her narratives, Beatrix Potter
(D) Carefully coordinated with her narratives, Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations
(E) Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinated them with her narratives and

对于A选项,OG说:The participial phrase does not clearly modify the noun in the preceding phrase. 但是我认为coordinating只能修饰BP吧,分词短语不是不可以修饰介宾短语中的宾语么?如OG 第一题C选项。

OG所说的The participial phrase does not clearly modify the noun in the preceding phrase应该是指这个分词形式没有清晰的修饰先行词,因为如果coordinate修饰illustration,那也要用过去分词表被动,因为illustration不能主动coordinate,而且them也有指代不明的嫌疑。
B选项中coordinating是修饰illustration还是BP是不清楚的,但是逻辑上他应该是与BP有主谓关系,所以B也不对。
D选项coordinated修饰BP,表明BP is coordinated with her narratives,逻辑上是错的。
E选项them指代不明。
这是我的个人意见~如果有不对的地方还请楼主谅解啦~
作者: superbat28    时间: 2012-2-8 19:22
Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives, capitalized on her keen observation and love of the natural world.
(A) Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives,
(B) In her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives, Beatrix Potter
(C) In her book illustrations, which she carefully coordinated with her narratives, Beatrix Potter
(D) Carefully coordinated with her narratives, Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations
(E) Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinated them with her narratives and

对于A选项,OG说:The participial phrase does not clearly modify the noun in the preceding phrase. 但是我认为coordinating只能修饰BP吧,分词短语不是不可以修饰介宾短语中的宾语么?如OG 第一题C选项。

OG所说的The participial phrase does not clearly modify the noun in the preceding phrase应该是指这个分词形式没有清晰的修饰先行词,因为如果coordinate修饰illustration,那也要用过去分词表被动,因为illustration不能主动coordinate,而且them也有指代不明的嫌疑。
B选项中coordinating是修饰illustration还是BP是不清楚的,但是逻辑上他应该是与BP有主谓关系,所以B也不对。
D选项coordinated修饰BP,表明BP is coordinated with her narratives,逻辑上是错的。
E选项them指代不明。
这是我的个人意见~如果有不对的地方还请楼主谅解啦~
-- by 会员 syjessy (2012/2/8 10:14:29)



呃,sorry,有点乱。你第一句话说你认为coordinating只能修饰BP,但是为什么你在解释A选项的时候你又说“若coordinating修饰illustration的话怎样怎样。。”

就是~你看看能不能再捋下你的想法~要不我也不知道怎么回复你的好了。发现你OG看的真心细哇,赞一个。期待后续继续讨论 :)
作者: 有理想没有钱    时间: 2012-2-14 03:41
mark..................
作者: babybearmm    时间: 2012-2-14 07:56
发现我同意斑斑第一个观点啊,"comma+v-ing"后面的v-ing肯定不能修饰comma之前的那个名词啦,否则就应该是"no comma + v-ing"作为noun modifier.
感觉OG很多时候很敷衍啊.......
我这么看A的,"comma+v-ing"只能是adverbial modifier that modifies the preceding clause,所以就得有entire clause存在,但这里它偏偏插在主谓之间,破坏了这句话的intactness,所以不行。还有那个"BP, in her book illustrations,.."感觉也不对,前面俩名词结构并列,还没有一个修饰另一个的关系。

“代词是不能指代介宾结构中的宾语的吧?这个想法对否?”
试着造个句子:
Dr.X found this phenomenon through a series of experiments in mice with both hypertension and diabetes; by analyzing their gene expressions, he concluded that ______.
这句话their指的"the mice's",我觉得挺清晰的吧?就近指代最近的复数名词mice ("mice with both hypertension and diabetes");且假如their指代experiments的话,"their gene expression" does not make sense.
不知道这句子算不算“介宾结构”,符合条件吗,斑斑觉得呢?

我现在感觉,对考modifier的长句子,直接正向造句选答案,比排除法似乎更好。

Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives, capitalized on her keen observation and love of the natural world.
(A) Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives,
(B) In her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives, Beatrix Potter
(C) In her book illustrations, which she carefully coordinated with her narratives, Beatrix Potter
(D) Carefully coordinated with her narratives, Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations
(E) Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinated them with her narratives and

对于A选项,OG说:The participial phrase does not clearly modify the noun in the preceding phrase. 但是我认为coordinating只能修饰BP吧,分词短语不是不可以修饰介宾短语中的宾语么?如OG 第一题C选项。

此外,关于代词。。OG没有提到关于them的问题,可是我想问:尽管对于代词指代貌似应该是遵循按逻辑意思来寻找的原则,可能就近指代,可能跳跃指代,可能指中心词什么的。但是,代词是不能指代介宾结构中的宾语的吧?这个想法对否?
若对,是不是该题A选项,包括其后有些选项,代词指代也有错误?
-- by 会员 superbat28 (2011/7/19 20:13:49)




作者: superbat28    时间: 2012-2-14 08:24
嗯。其实乍一看你造的那个句子,我感觉如果是GMAT题的话,它肯定会用更简洁的表达法~但我们就就这种句子来说吧~嘿

代词能不能指代介词宾语,我个人意见:能,但是这样指代不清晰。

代词指代是否清晰这一问题,在GMAT中其实更应该算作一个effectiveness的问题。如你所说,如果这个句子,大家很清楚这个代词只有一个可能指代的对象的话,那无论怎样,其实它也就只能指代它了。没任何争议~

但是,说这么指代不好,是因为一般我们都是在【主谓宾】这种句子主结构中看到代词。如果这时候这个代词是用于指代【介宾结构】的宾语时,其实这个代词和【介宾结构宾语】二者并不是在句子重要程度的一个层级上,因此有时会觉得这种指代,不是很顺~
作者: babybearmm    时间: 2012-2-14 09:08
啊我好像明白你的意思了.....的确,我当时造这个句子的时候就想,如果接下来我用they来指代mice的话,好像确实不太顺,本来mice只是藏在介宾结构里藏得很深,拎出来作主语就像你说的“二者并不是在句子重要程度的一个层级上”。或者说我们提炼句子主干之后,they还留在主干里,但是mice已经没了。是这个意思吧?.....所以我当时编了这个句子把their也放到介宾结构里"by analyzing their gene expression"

嗯。其实乍一看你造的那个句子,我感觉如果是GMAT题的话,它肯定会用更简洁的表达法~但我们就就这种句子来说吧~嘿

代词能不能指代介词宾语,我个人意见:能,但是这样指代不清晰。

代词指代是否清晰这一问题,在GMAT中其实更应该算作一个effectiveness的问题。如你所说,如果这个句子,大家很清楚这个代词只有一个可能指代的对象的话,那无论怎样,其实它也就只能指代它了。没任何争议~

但是,说这么指代不好,是因为一般我们都是在【主谓宾】这种句子主结构中看到代词。如果这时候这个代词是用于指代【介宾结构】的宾语时,其实这个代词和【介宾结构宾语】二者并不是在句子重要程度的一个层级上,因此有时会觉得这种指代,不是很顺~
-- by 会员 superbat28 (2012/2/14 8:24:45)


作者: babybearmm    时间: 2012-2-14 09:23
刚看到一道题,跟斑斑说的很像
Japanese researchers are producing a series of robots that can identify human facial expressions, to which they will then respond; their goal is primarily creating a robot that will empathize with us.

(A) expressions, to which they will then respond; their goal is primarily creating
(B) expressions, then responding to them; primarily to create
(C) expressions and then respond to them; the researchers' primary goal is to create
(D) expressions as well as giving a response to them; their primary goal is creation of
(E) expressions and responding to them; primarily, the researchers' goal is creating

这题正确答案是第三个选项。错误选项A那个they从意思上看该指代位于"a series of robots"中的robots,但语法上看似乎倾向于指代"Japanese researchers",所以A指代不清。
作者: yiayia    时间: 2012-2-14 13:18
baby姐 我觉得A项的第一个they更倾向于指代"a series of robots",因为把句子分拆就成了
a.Japanese researchers are producing a series of robots.主句
b.a series of robots can identify human facial expressions, to which they will then respond.分句
正因为“二者并不是在句子重要程度的一个层级上”,所以they如果要找指代内容,应该在b中找主语。

当然A选项很容易判断指代不清,前面的they和their指代的对象不一样。
作者: babybearmm    时间: 2012-2-14 14:13
有道理啊~
作者: phoebe0624    时间: 2012-3-5 20:58
WONDERFUL!
作者: 199249712    时间: 2012-3-24 20:54
顶一下 好帖子。
作者: 199249712    时间: 2012-4-5 16:32
啊啊今天总结的时候又翻到了这个帖子。。T.T 温故而知新吖。。



附加这道题


A recent review of pay scales indicates that CEO'snow earn an average of 419 times more pay than blue-collar workers, compared toa ratio of 42 times in 1980.


(A) that CEO's now earn an average of 419 timesmore pay than blue-collar workers, compared to a ratio of 42 times


(B) that, on average, CEO's now earn419 times the pay of blue-collar workers, a ratio that compares to 42 times


(C) that, onaverage, CEO's now earn 419 times the pay of blue-collar workers, as comparedto 42 times their pay, the ratio


(D) CEO's who now earn on average 419 times morepay than blue-collar workers, as compared to 42 times their pay, the ratio


(E) CEO's now earning an average of 419 times thepay of blue-collar workers, compared to the ratio of 42 times



在这里 their指代的就是workers。。。而且workers存在于介词短语中
不过按照层次来分的话 their跟workers是同一级的



作者: superbat28    时间: 2012-4-6 00:21
the pay of blue-collar workers= blue- collar worker's pay= their pay..
作者: wenniooooo    时间: 2013-3-24 21:49
同问,29楼的问题,没人回答呀:
题中的E选项    the participial phrase does not clearly modify book illustrations; the relationships among the parts of the sentence are unclear.
这里不是讲coordinate与capitalize用and作并列了吗,为什么OG上还说没有清晰地修饰illustration?E为什么不可以选?
谢谢!
作者: wenniooooo    时间: 2013-3-25 13:05
aeoluseros 发表于 2011-9-19 20:10
看到bat的经验帖了,棒得一腿腿!恭喜哈!momo,一晃两个月了,时间真快…刚从收藏夹里翻出来这个帖子 ...

呼叫斑竹 同问29楼的问题,没人回答啊:
题中的E选项    the participial phrase does not clearly modify book illustrations; the relationships among the parts of the sentence are unclear.
这里不是讲coordinate与capitalize用and作并列了吗,为什么OG上还说没有清晰地修饰illustration?E为什么不可以选?
谢谢!

作者: mamaliang    时间: 2013-3-26 16:39
wenniooooo 发表于 2013-3-24 21:49
同问,29楼的问题,没人回答呀:
题中的E选项    the participial phrase does not clearly modify book il ...

E选项改变了原句的意思。原句是想让carefully coordinated with her narratives修饰illustrations,而E选项改为谓语形式与capitalized并列作为主语BP发出的动作。所以OG说The participial phrase (coordinated with her narratives) does not clearly modify book illustrations. 改变句意之后,句子的层次就改变了。原意是一个main clause加上一个relative clause, E项中只有一个main clause, 两个谓语动词并列体现不出他们之间的关系。所以OG说the relationships among the parts of the sentence are unclear。
作者: wenniooooo    时间: 2013-3-27 22:50
mamaliang 发表于 2013-3-26 16:39
E选项改变了原句的意思。原句是想让carefully coordinated with her narratives修饰illustrations,而E选 ...

好吧 还是遵循原句的意思吧,不能太颠覆原来要表达的逻辑,虽然感觉E项读起来挺顺的,意思表达的也全。谢啦!
作者: joymumu    时间: 2013-4-25 20:42
在搜索 逗号+ing修饰什么成分 的时候闯入这个神贴!很有收获!!!

我原本在体悟这个例子:
In a plan to stop the erosion of East Coast beaches, the Army Corps of Engineers proposed building parallel to shore a breakwater of rocks that would rise six feet above the waterline and act as a buffer, so that it absorbs the energy of crashing waves and protecting the beaches.
A act as a buffer, so that it absorbs  
B act like a buffer so as to absorb
C act as a buffer, absorbing   
D acting as a buffer, absorbing   
E acting like a buffer, absorb
答案是C

这道题要选出答案挺容易的,根据平行就好了。
我疑惑的是: 1、breakwater在句子中是什么成分啊???

2、这里absorbing是作为补充说明吗?作为谁的补充说明?是不是修饰breakwater of rocks的呢?如果是这样,它为什么不会引起歧义(比如修饰主句主语或者前面整个动作之类的)?
or
proposed...引导的宾语从句是不是独立于前面的主句了,所以后面的修饰语都是在修饰这个宾语从句buiding parallel...,所以其实absorbing...也可以说是在修饰buiding parallel to shore a breakwater of rocks...???

菜鸟一只,如果问得太小白太混乱太没逻辑,请NN们轻拍...
真心求教!!!
作者: tanklance    时间: 2015-4-23 20:27
105这道那么恶心的题目,这个帖子的讨论是质量最高的,看完豁然开朗,有些地方说得比Ron还要清楚。
作者: elhyee    时间: 2015-6-19 10:34
superbat28 发表于 2011-8-3 14:41
原来是superbat开的帖。。。越看越困惑。这么说来,是不是代词不可指代介宾,Ving可修饰介宾??-- by  ...

Mark一下!               
作者: danielsu    时间: 2017-6-20 11:01
superbat28 发表于 2011-8-3 14:41
原来是superbat开的帖。。。越看越困惑。这么说来,是不是代词不可指代介宾,Ving可修饰介宾??-- by  ...

Mark一下!               
作者: danielsu    时间: 2017-6-20 11:09
superbat28 发表于 2011-8-3 14:41
原来是superbat开的帖。。。越看越困惑。这么说来,是不是代词不可指代介宾,Ving可修饰介宾??-- by  ...

同意!               
作者: JYNGG    时间: 2017-11-10 12:17
六年过去了依旧经典啊
作者: 神粥八宝    时间: 2017-12-3 10:44
superbat28 发表于 2011-8-3 14:41
原来是superbat开的帖。。。越看越困惑。这么说来,是不是代词不可指代介宾,Ving可修饰介宾??-- by  ...

嗯呐好棒!!
作者: jellyfish233333    时间: 2019-9-11 19:05
Mark一下!               
作者: lovejinjin    时间: 2022-4-8 13:11
十年了 仍然很受教
作者: +00L    时间: 2022-4-13 10:40
首先需要纠正一个基本概念哈:

逗号隔开的doing不是修饰名词的,而是状语修饰动词/句子的,只不过它的逻辑主语是名词。修饰的原则是:就近修饰动词(通常修饰的是主句谓语动词,但其实也能修饰非谓语动词),而逻辑主语继承所修饰动词的逻辑主语。

比如这里,原句中coordinating修饰的是capitalized,由于在句中而不是句尾,理论上应满足伴随/原因/解释说明的逻辑。这里实际上可以理解为伴随,或者说逻辑是:

how to capitalize?carefully coordinating them with her narratives

但原句中存在的问题是逻辑上redundant了:

由于in her book illustrations是比coordinating外层的地点状语修饰,那么它会管上coordinating的部分,而coordinating中的them又指代her book illustrations,那么我们把这个局部拿出来看一下:

(Beatrix Potter)carefully coordinating her book illustrations with her narratives in her book illustrations

看到了么?在[插画]中把[插画]和叙述结合,这个表达自我套娃,逻辑矛盾了。你可以说【在书中把插画和叙述结合】,也可以直接说【在与叙述结合的插画中】,但【在插画中把插画和叙述结合】就让读者无法理解了。

说实话OG的这个解析有点答案逆推,因为答案确实是把【与叙述结合】改为了对【illustrations】的修饰,不过这么说也不算是错的,因为这个修饰和前面的信息关联就是名词book illustrations,将其构成一个定语从句修饰,可以把重复的them去掉,避免语义上循环套娃




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