6
7
8:C
Question 5 – 8:
This passage is based on an article written in 2000.
The traditional model of employer-employee relations in the
“psychological contract” in which employees made long-term commitments to 2
organizations in exchange for long-term job security, training and development, and 3
internal opportunities for promotion. Beginning mainly with the recession in the early 4
1970’s, this paradigm began to unravel. Organizations began using extensive downsizing 5
and outsourcing to decrease the number of permanent employees in the workforce. Among 6
employees this situation has resulted in a decided shift in desire: in stead of working their 7
way up in an organization, many now prefer to work their way out. Entrepreneurship at 8
the small business administration are now the fastest-growing majors in business schools. 9
Several factors have generated movement from the old paradigm to the new one. 10
Organizations have had legitimate and pressing reasons to shift to a new paradigm of 11
employer-employee relations. Large numbers of permanent employees make it difficult 12
for organizations to respond quickly to downturns in demand by decreasing payroll costs. 13
The enormous rights in wrongful discharge suites has created incentives for organizations 14
to use temporary, contract, and leased employees in order to distance themselves from 15
potential litigation problems. Moreover, top management is under increased pressure 16
from shareholders to generate higher and higher levels of return on investment in the 17
short run, resulting in declines in hiring, increases in layoffs, and shortage of funds for 18
employee development. 19
At the same time, a lack of forthrightness on the part of organizations has led to 20
increased cynicism among employees about management’s motivation and competence. 21
Employees are now working 15 percent more hours per week than they were 20 years ago, 22
but organizations acknowledge this fact only by running stress-management workshops 23
to help employees to cope. Sales people are being asked to increase sales at the same time 24
organizations have cut travel, phone, and advertising budgets. Employees could probably 25
cope effectively with changes in the psychological contract if organizations were more 26
forthright about how they were changing it. But the euphemistic jargon used by executives 27
to justify the changes they were implementing frequently backfires; rather than 28
engendering sympathy for management’s position, it sparks employees’ desire to be 29
free of the organization all together. In a recent study of employees’ attitudes about 30
management, 49 percent of the sample strongly agreed that “management will take 31
advantage of you if given the chance.” 32
Question 7:
Which of the following best characterizes the function of the final sentence of the
passage (lines 30-32)?
A. It is such as an alternative explanation for phenomenon discussed earlier in the passage.
B. It provides data intended to correct a common misconception.
C. It further weakens an argument that is being challenged by the author.
D. It introduces a specific piece of evidence in support of a claim made at beginning
of the final paragraph (lines 20-21).
E. It answers a question that is implicit in the preceding sentence (lines 27-30).
答案是d,我觉得好像e更正确一些，只是e答案中的question好像有些问题，大家说呢？
这套题目的答案比较混乱，希望大家积极讨论！谢谢先！
Question 5: The primary purpose of the passage is to
A. discuss the financial implications of a recent shift in attitudes among workers
B. propose a new approach for businesses to increase loyalty among their employees
C. defend certain business practices in light of criticism of corporations, actions
in a recent past
D. speculate about possible long term benefits of a recent change in the general
business climate
E. consider some of the factors contributing to a major shift in employer-employee
relationships
Answer:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Question 6:
The passage suggests that which of the following is a legitimate reason for
organizations’ shift to the new model of employer-employee relations?
A. Organizations tend to operate more effectively when they have a high manager-
to-employee ratio.
B. Organizations can move their operations to less expensive locations more easily
when they have fewer permanent employees.
C. Organizations have found that they often receive higher quality work when they
engage in outsourcing.
D. Organizations with large pools of permanent workers risk significant financial losses
if the demand for their product or service decreases.
E. Organizations are under increasing pressure to adopt new technologies that often
obviate the need for certain workers.
Answer:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Question 8:
The passage suggests that organizations’ movement to the “new paradigm” (line 11) is
based in part on the expectation that wrongful discharge suites against employers are?
A. less likely to be filed by non-managerial employees than by managers
B. less likely to be filed by leased employees than by contract employees
C. less likely to be filed by contract employees than by permanent employees
D. more likely to be filed by employees with a long history in the organization than
by newer hirers
E. more likely to be filed in small organizations than in large ones
Answer:
我选的是:
Q5: E
Q6: A
Q8:C
我选的是:
Q5: E
Q6: A
Q8:C
mine is Q5: E, Q6: D Q8: C.
for Q6, please see line 12: Large numbers of permanent employees make it difficult
for organizations to respond quickly to downturns in demand by decreasing payroll costs.
6 is B.
D doesnt make any common sense, and the passage didnt eleborate on D either.
哈哈...我是新来的,在这里潜水整七天了,觉得这里真是amazing!
较准确的答案你可以去各个专题讨论区找到.你做的题应该是GWD-2中不带gmat的那组.
找到一贴答案，准确吗？
http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?BoardID=25&ID=67380
my answer
5. E
6. D
7. D
8. C
btw,2-4的答案什么？ my answer
2. E
3. B
4. D
I picked D for 8. I can be concluded from the passage:
The enormous rights in wrongful discharge suites has created incentives for organizations
to use temporary, contract, and leased employees in order to distance themselves 14-16 from potential litigation problems.
Exan, my answer is exactly the same as yours.
Is there any NN here who can confirm the answer?
Thx in advance
my answer
5:E
6
7
8:C
5:E
6
7
8:C
请教一下，我没搞懂第8题到底是问的什么意思？
以下是该段文章的最后一段：
At the same time, a lack of forthrightness on the part of organizations has led to 20
increased cynicism among employees about management’s motivation and competence. 21
Employees are now working 15 percent more hours per week than they were 20 years ago, 22
but organizations acknowledge this fact only by running stress-management workshops 23
to help employees to cope. Sales people are being asked to increase sales at the same time 24
organizations have cut travel, phone, and advertising budgets. Employees could probably 25
cope effectively with changes in the psychological contract if organizations were more 26
forthright about how they were changing it. But the euphemistic jargon used by executives 27
to justify the changes they were implementing frequently backfires; rather than 28
engendering sympathy for management’s position, it sparks employees’ desire to be 29
free of the organization all together. In a recent study of employees’ attitudes about 30
management, 49 percent of the sample strongly agreed that “management will take 31
advantage of you if given the chance.”Question 7:
Which of the following best characterizes the function of the final sentence of the
passage (lines 30-32)?
A. It is such as an alternative explanation for phenomenon discussed earlier in the passage.
B. It provides data intended to correct a common misconception.
C. It further weakens an argument that is being challenged by the author.
D. It introduces a specific piece of evidence in support of a claim made at beginning
of the final paragraph (lines 20-21).
E. It answers a question that is implicit in the preceding sentence (lines 27-30).But the euphemistic jargon used by executives 27
to justify the changes they were implementing frequently backfires; rather than 28
engendering sympathy for management’s position, it sparks employees’ desire to be 29
free of the organization all together. In a recent study of employees’ attitudes about 30
management, 49 percent of the sample strongly agreed that “management will take 31
advantage of you if given the chance.”
rather than 表示一种转折，“不是。。。而是。。。”，暗含着与顺接（这里it代替euphemistic jargon，委婉的方式应得到员工的同情）相反（员工决定离开公司）的关系，也就暗含着一个疑问----为什么会有这种相反的结果，而最后一句恰恰回答了这个疑问----因为员工愤世嫉俗的态度。所以E正确。
个人看法，请大家多多讨论。。。
my answer
5. E
6. D
7. D
8. C
btw,2-4的答案什么？ my answer
2. E
3. B
4. D
I totally agree with you except question 6, which I choosed E. I believe that the reason in option D is a economic reason to shift to new relations, but not a legitimate reason. This can be confirmed by the phrase "significant financial losses" in D. The argument in the context said "top management is under pressure, resulting in increases in layoffs", Let's suppose that the company layed off some workers from the company's headcount, these layoffs will go to court if the compensation package is not good enough or the management can not give persuant reasons for their layoff action. That means these are actual legitimate reason for the organization.
Comments?
我也和12楼一模一样。。。。
哪位nn站出来指点指点啊。。。
仔细读，第6题应该是D.
5:E
6
7
8:C
大家都在讨论正确答案，我可是连题目都不太理解，真是惭愧！我的问题如下，请指教：
Q7,
本文最后一句话的意思是不是49%的员工认为管理者在可能的情况下会为员工着想？如果与line20-21相关的话，是否取非：51%的员工认为管理者在可能的情况下会也不会为员工着想？如果不取非，我就不觉得两者有关；如果取非，49%的人认为会为他们着想，但不一定就是51%的人认为不着想啊！因为我们不是survey的情况。
Q8，请哪位NN帮忙翻译一下题目？
谢谢哦！
TAKE ADVANTAGE OF....利用......这句话应为49%的员工认为管理者会利用他们.
eddc,呵呵，难得这套v全对阿。
What about A in the answer to No.6?
The ariticle mentions that " Large numbers of permanent employees make it difficult for organizations to respond quickly to downturns in demand by decreasing payroll costs."
"Difficult for .... to respond quickly ......" corresponds to "operate effectively".
Discussion is highly welcome!
Question 6:
The passage suggests that which of the following is a legitimate reason for organizations’ shift to the new model of employer-employee relations?
文中2段大致强调了两方面原因。
A. Organizations tend to operate more effectively when they have a high manager-to-employee ratio. 文中没有提及这一比例问题。无。
B. Organizations can move their operations to less expensive locations more easily when they have fewer permanent employees. 无
C. Organizations have found that they often receive higher quality work when they engage in outsourcing. 无
D. Organizations with large pools of permanent workers risk significant financial losses if the demand for their product or service decreases. 符合文意。就是楼上所引用的那句及其下一句。
E. Organizations are under increasing pressure to adopt new technologies that often obviate the need for certain workers. 无
To eSpirit:
在这里，LEGITIMATE 的意思是合理的， 合法的，而不是 法律的意思。
The passage suggests that organizations’ movement to the “new paradigm” (line 11) is based in part on the expectation that wrongful discharge suites against employers are?
组织变化到新的范例是基于部分期望：反对老板们不正当解雇起诉是：
A. less likely to be filed by non-managerial employees than by managers
没有提到非管理雇员和管理者的关系，无关选项
B. less likely to be filed by leased employees than by contract employees
和原文表示的相反
C. less likely to be filed by contract employees than by permanent employees
永久员工比合同员工更容易提出（对雇主不正当解雇员工的申诉）file表示提出
D. more likely to be filed by employees with a long history in the organization than by newer hirers
没有说到长期雇员和正式雇员 无关选项
E. more likely to be filed in small organizations than in large ones
没有提到小组织和大组织 无关选项
The enormous rights in wrongful discharge suites has created incentives for organizations 14
to use temporary, contract, and leased employees in order to distance themselves from 15
potential litigation problems.
5:E
6
7
8:C
E
D
D
C
有点疑问：
Q5：我的答案是
C. defend certain business practices in light of criticism of corporations, actions
in a recent past
基于最后一段的描述 Employees could probably cope effectively with changes in the psychological contract if organizations were more forthright about how they were changing it. But the euphemistic jargon used by executives to justify the changes they were implementing frequently backfires。 如果选择E的话似乎最后一段在文中作用就不大了，请NN指正
Employees could probably cope effectively with changes in the psychological contract if organizations were more forthright about how they were changing it. But the euphemistic jargon used by executives to justify the changes they were implementing frequently backfires。
如果选择E的话似乎最后一段在文中作用就不大了，请NN指正
my answer: 5:E, 6,7, 8:C
I totally agree with you except question 6, which I choosed
E. I believe that the reason in option D is a economic reason to shift to new relations, but not a legitimate reason. This can be confirmed by the phrase "significant financial losses" in D. The argument in the context said "top management is under pressure, resulting in increases in layoffs", Let's suppose that the company layed off some workers from the company's headcount, these layoffs will go to court if the compensation package is not good enough or the management can not give persuant reasons for their layoff action. That means these are actual legitimate reason for the organization.
Comments?
E不对，new technology无关
E不对，new technology无关
E is correct. If the new tech will be introduced, then some workers might be laid off because they r not needed. But employers don't want to face such a situation in which they might be sued by the discharged employees. So they change to the new employee-employer relationship, i.e. they prefer hiring
"temporary, contract, and leased employees in order to distance themselves from potential litigation problems"
D is more financially related reason though it's also possible that some workers will have to be laid off under the financial pressure. But E is more directly related to the legal issues.
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