GWD30-Q32
A major chemical spill occurred five years ago at Baker’s Beach, the world’s sole nesting ground for Merrick sea turtles, and prevented nearly all the eggs laid that year from hatching.Yet the number of adult female Merricks returning to lay their eggs at Baker’s Beach has actually increased somewhat since five years ago.Clearly, environmentalists’ prediction that the world’s Merrickpopulation would decline as a result of the spill has proven unfounded.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the argument offered in refutation of the environmentalists’ prediction?
1. 看问题,削弱题,但是有关键信息,要看懂:反驳对于环境学家预测的反驳,也就是说支持环境学家的结论
2. 找结论:environmentalists’ prediction that the world’s Merrick population would decline as a result of the spill has proven unfounded
3. 否定结论:environmentalists’ prediction that the world’s Merrick population would decline as a result of the spill has proven founded
4. 逻辑链:(1)5年前的污染导致唯一的海龟产卵地的蛋不能孵化
(2)母海龟数量增加à因为污染海龟数量减少的预测是错误的
5. 反推:出现了两个原因,(1)(2)两个原因是相冲突的,由(1)推出了结论,现在要反驳结论,结论取非后必然是可以直接推导到(2)也就是:因为污染海龟数量减少的预测是对的à5年前的污染导致唯一的海龟产卵地的蛋不能孵化
剩下的工作就是来解释(1)(2)会相冲突的原因,同时反推出来的(2)是正确的,解释(1)产生差异的原因
6. 找答案,为什么受到污染了,母海龟数量还会增加呢
A.The chemical spill five years ago occurred at a time when there were neither Merrick sea turtles nor Merrick sea turtle eggs on Baker’s Beach.
B.Female Merrick sea turtles begin returning to Baker’s Beach to lay their eggs when they are ten years old.
C.Under normal conditions, only a small proportion of hatchling female Merrick sea turtles survive in the ocean until adulthood and return to lay their eggs at Baker’s Beach.
D.Environmental pressures unrelated to the chemical spill have caused a significant decline in the population of one of the several species of sea birds that prey on Merrick sea turtle eggs.
E.After the chemical spill, an environmental group rejected a proposal to increase the Merrick sea turtle population by transferring eggs from Baker’s Beach to nearby beaches that had not been affected by the spill.
这题选B,两个时间差异说明了为什么母海龟的数量还会增加:因为10年前没有受到污染!现在的蛋受到污染不能孵化了,以后海龟的数量必然会减少!环境专家的预测是对的。
谢谢楼主分享。
83. Journalist: In physics journals, the number of articles reporting the results of experiments involving particle accelerators was lower last year than it had been in previous years. Several of the particle accelerators at major research institutions were out of service the year before last for repairs,
so it is likely that the low number of articles was due to the decline in availability of particle accelerators. Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the journalist’s argument?
(A) Every article based on experiments with particle accelerators that was submitted for publication last year actually was published.
(B) The average time scientists must wait for access to a particle accelerator has declined
over the last several years.
(C) The number of physics journals was the same last year as in previous years.
(D)  
article accelerators can be used for more than one group of experiments in any given year.
(E) Recent changes in the editorial policies of several physics journals have decreased the likelihood that articles concerning particle accelerator research will be accepted for publication.
像这种题,如果 自动否定找到的结论,能不能是 so it is likely that the
HIGH number of articles was... 我知道在这个题目里这么改不太合适,我的意思就是 自动否定结论的时候 能把题目中decrease 之类的词语改成相反的意思吗?
像这道题,B,D选项按照OG的解释都是会使articles增加的,那结论问的low no. of articles,是不是这样的事实是不能改变的?(因为我觉得如果题目里说low,选项里是high的话也算是削弱啊?)
-- by 会员 xiaoxiaozhada (2011/6/7 10:30:45)