ChaseDream

标题: 求助~~这两道题的区别 [打印本页]

作者: 狂威雪    时间: 2011-5-30 23:16
标题: 求助~~这两道题的区别
89.    (29334-!-item-!-188;#058&003870)

Which of the following most logically completes the argument?
The growing popularity of computer-based activities was widely predicted to result in a corresponding decline in television viewing.  Recent studies have found that, in the United States, people who own computers watch, on average, significantly less television than people who do not own computers.  In itself, however, this finding does very little to show that computer use tends to reduce television viewing time, since __________.

A. many people who watch little or no television do not own a computer
B. even though most computer owners in the United States watch significantly less television than the national average, some computer owners watch far more television than the national average
C. computer owners in the United States predominantly belong to demographic groups that have long been known to spend less time watching television than the population as a whole does
D. many computer owners in the United States have enough leisure time that spending significant amounts of time on the computer still leaves ample time for watching television
E. many people use their computers primarily for tasks such as correspondence that can be done more rapidly on the computer, and doing so leaves more leisure time for watching television
答案是C
The growing popularity of computer-based activities was widely expected to result in a decline in television viewing, since it had been assumed that people lack sufficient free time to maintain current television-viewing levels while spending increasing amounts of free time on the computer.  That assumption, however, is evidently false: in a recent mail survey concerning media use, a very large majority of respondents who report increasing time spent per week using computers report no change in time spent watching television.

In order to evaluate the argument, it would be most useful to determine which of the following?
A. Whether the survey collected information about the amount of money respondents spent on free-time media use
B. Whether the amount of time spent watching television is declining among people who report that they rarely or never use computers
C. Whether the type of television programs a person watches tends to change as the amount of time spent per week using computers increases
D. Whether a large majority of the computer owners in the survey reported spending increasing amounts of time per week using computers
E. Whether the survey respondents’ reports of time spent using computers included time spent using computers at work

答案是E,这道题不大理解思路

还有这两道题有什么区别??
作者: 夏天amy    时间: 2011-5-31 01:07
睡觉前来逛一下CD,刚巧看见了楼主的帖子哈
一点点个人意见: 我觉得平时做题的时候可以把每道逻辑细细的抠一遍,但是还是要把重心放在解题技巧上(也就是怎么在两分钟之内选出正确答案),因为即使我们把每到逻辑都弄懂了,但是到了考试的时候,没有那么多时间让我们去把每道题甚至每个选项都想明白啊,所以平时练的时候就要着重练习解题技巧哦~


我就拿这两道题给楼主示范一下,这是我做逻辑题的思路,要是有不对的地方,楼主见谅哈
作者: 夏天amy    时间: 2011-5-31 01:19
89.    (29334-!-item-!-188;#058&003870)

Which of the following most logically completes the argument?
The growing popularity of computer-based activities was widely predicted to result in a corresponding decline in television viewing.  Recent studies have found that, in the United States, people who own computers watch, on average, significantly less television than people who do not own computers.  In itself, however, this finding does very little to show that computer use tends to reduce television viewing time, since __________.
重心:玩电脑减少看电视时间
(做题时了省时间可以先不看问题问的是什么 选项只找和重心有关的)


A. many people who watch little or no television do not own a computer

和有没有电脑无关

B. even though most computer owners in the United States

watch significantly less television than the national average, some computer owners watch far more television than the national average
无关比较类(比较的对象一定要是文中的对象 显然文中没有提到过National average

C.computer owners in the United States

predominantly belong to demographic groups that have long been known to spend less time watching television than the population as a whole does
recent studies 的样本进行解释 有关!

D. many computer owners in the United States have enough leisure time that spending significant amounts of time on the computer still leaves ample time for watching television


方向错(文章说的一增一减 他说的是两个都增)significant ample同方向

E. many people use their computers primarily for tasks such as correspondence that can be done more rapidly on the computer, and doing so leaves more leisure time for watching television


和用电脑做什么无关

-- by 会员 狂威雪 (2011/5/30 23:16:34)



作者: 夏天amy    时间: 2011-5-31 01:27
The growing popularity of computer-based activities was widely expected to result in a decline in television viewing, since it had been assumed that people lack sufficient free time to maintain current television-viewing levels while spending increasing amounts of free time on the computer.  That assumption, however, is evidently false: in a recent mail survey concerning media use, a very large majority of respondents who report increasing time spent per week using computers report no change in time spent watching television.
In order to evaluate the argument, it would be most useful to determine which of the following?

重心:玩电脑减少看电视时间

A. Whether the survey collected information about the amount of money respondents spent on free-time media use
文中没有提到钱选项说Money 无关!

B. Whether the amount of time spent watching television is declining among people who report that they rarely or never use computers


有绝对的次的选项一般不对!

C. Whether the type of television programs a person watches tends to change as the amount of time spent per week using computers increases


和电视节目类型无关

D. Whether a large majority of the computer owners in the survey reported spending increasing amounts of time per week using computers


在说用电脑时间的问题有关保留

E. Whether the survey respondents’ reports of time spent using computers included time spent using computers at work


在说用电脑时间的问题有关保留


DE抉择谁更贴近重心Dcomputer owners in the survey Ethe survey respondents’

显然E更贴近中重心因为原文中根本没提到computer owners in the survey见绿色部分

-- by 会员 狂威雪 (2011/5/30 23:16:34)




个人觉得文章和选项不用看的太懂也能做题抓住重心是关键。逻辑题就是在最短时间内作出最佳抉择,排除无关选项,选出有关选项。不知道对楼主有帮助没 哈

作者: alexlixin    时间: 2011-5-31 05:27
好贴
作者: 狂威雪    时间: 2011-6-1 01:06
哇,好棒!!可爱的CDer~~~你啥时候考呀??看你状态目标730!!你绝对没问题的·~~
作者: 夏天amy    时间: 2011-6-1 21:18
哇,好棒!!可爱的CDer~~~你啥时候考呀??看你状态目标730!!你绝对没问题的·~~
-- by 会员 狂威雪 (2011/6/1 1:06:15)


呵呵,谢谢鼓励哦~ 我会努力地。
6.16就考试了 紧张啊~
一起加油哈~
作者: ruixueqilin    时间: 2012-9-7 09:57
迷糊。我更觉得C错了!
作者: Feelalive    时间: 2013-7-25 15:36
第一题,其实是paradox,要使矛盾的现象不矛盾为正确选项。第二题,题干中的重点词其实是free time.
作者: Rita22246    时间: 2013-8-1 22:12
Feelalive 发表于 2013-7-25 15:36
第一题,其实是paradox,要使矛盾的现象不矛盾为正确选项。第二题,题干中的重点词其实是free time. ...

同意!!!!!
作者: zhumingiapple    时间: 2015-8-9 11:53
夏天amy 发表于 2011-6-1 21:18
哇,好棒!!可爱的CDer~~~你啥时候考呀??看你状态目标730!!你绝对没问题的·~~-- by 会员 狂威 ...

Hi,我对d还是很有疑问,因为原文的重心是最后一句这个发现(用电脑会减少看电视的时间)很不靠谱,意思就是说用电脑不会降低看电视的时间的。这里用你的解释就有点晕晕的,电脑时间上升,推不出电视时间下降。能不能常识解答下呢?
作者: 739659010    时间: 2016-4-22 01:34
第一题和第二题的区别在于第一题涉及到调查对象是pc owner。 OG16原题。OG的解释强调调查对象局限于PC owner, 因此由于样本整体特征偏差导致结果说服力下降。第二题没有强调样本,选项的削弱点在于调查本身的问题。也就是被调查者所反馈的时间是包括了工作时间的。
作者: rustraff    时间: 2016-4-28 14:43
the computer owners in the survey  和the survey respondents’是没有区别的,不能把前者拆成 the computer onwers, 完全是断章取义,就算这道题是做对了,但是这种断章取义的方法是不对的.

作者: rustraff    时间: 2016-4-28 14:59
The growing popularity of computer-based activities was widely expected to result in a decline in television viewing, since it had been assumed that people lack sufficient free time to maintain current television-viewing levels while spending increasing amounts of free time on the computer.  That assumption, however, is evidently false: in a recent mail survey concerning media use, a very large majority of respondents who report increasing time spent per week using computers report no change in time spent watching television.

基于电脑的活动变得流行,这被大多数人认为是 电视使用 减少的一个原因. 因为人们没有足够的自由时间 在维持当前的电视机使用水平的同时,保证计算机使用的提高.
但是,这个假设是有问题的: 在最近的电子邮件调查下, 大多数的回应者认为: 提高的电脑使用并不为减少的电视机使用负责

In order to evaluate the argument, it would be most useful to determine which of the following?
A.  whether a large majority of the survey respondents reported watching television regularly
是否 大多数回应者 说 他们看电视很规律?
B. Whether the amount of time spent watching television is declining among people who report that they rarely or never use computers
是否花在电视的时间 在那些很少使用电脑的人群中 正在减少?
C. Whether the type of television programs a person watches tends to change as the amount of time spent per week using computers increases
是否电视栏目的种类.......            种类无关,排除
D. Whether a large majority of the computer owners in the survey reported spending increasing amounts of time per week using computers
是否调查中的大多数计算机持有者 说 花费了更多时间在计算机使用上
E. Whether the survey respondents’ reports of time spent using computers included time spent using computers at work
是否调查回应者所花费在计算机的时间,包括了他们工作所需要的

绿色部分和红色部分对应
作者: 一只酵母君    时间: 2016-5-8 10:44
ddddddddddddddd
作者: 晓嘉听话    时间: 2016-8-10 02:38
夏天amy 发表于 2011-5-31 01:19
89.    (29334-!-item-!-188;#058&003870)Which of the following most logically completes  ...

我感觉这题你的A项解释不是太多哦。因为文章里说了有电脑的人比和没电脑的人相比看电视大大减少。那其实条件还是和有没有电脑是有关系的吧。我觉得A项好像是有点违背了文章的意思,没有电脑的反而看得少或不看电视。
作者: Zweistein    时间: 2016-10-4 18:00
夏天amy 发表于 2011-5-31 01:27
The growing popularity of computer-based activities was widely expected to result in a decline in ...

觉得你的方法不对,容易误导。没有普遍性。我的方法是这样的:

1.看题目得知是Strength题型,因此 P和C都是不能被攻击的。同时记住要S这个argument
2.逻辑链:P用电脑时间增加未导致->C看电视时间减少
3.P,和C都不能攻击。结论一般不增强,因此增强P。所以答案和用电脑时间增未导致加有关。

作者: DaYangDa    时间: 2017-1-9 14:01

作者: sivenhuidao1995    时间: 2017-2-7 09:32
夏天amy 发表于 2011-5-31 01:27
The growing popularity of computer-based activities was widely expected to result in a decline in ...

同意!               
作者: 燃烧吧飞鸟750    时间: 2017-2-7 17:20
我的看法是
解题关键在于,题目所给原观点是:用电脑多导致看电视少的原因是人们在空闲时间会因花空间时间用电脑而减少了空闲时间看电视的时间。
作者认为此观点错误(这就是原文中的arguement),因为调查发现很多花更多时间用电脑的人并没有减少看电视的时间。
而作者观点的漏洞在于没有考虑到原观点中的时间范围有限定(空闲时间),所以要评价孰对孰错,需要看这个调查中的人是否在工作时间用电脑。
作者: 猪小王    时间: 2017-2-28 11:42
The growing popularity of computer-based activities was widely predicted to result in a corresponding decline in television viewing.  Recent studies have found that, in the United States, people who own computers watch, on average, significantly less television than people who do not own computers.  In itself, however, this finding (studies) does very little to show that computer use tends to reduce television viewing time (hypothesis), since __________.

第一句给出一个解释(hypothesis): increased computer use --> a decline in TV viewing. 第二句给出recent studies用来support这个hypothesis。最后一句是main conclusion,意思是recent studies无法support这个hypothesis。Main conclusion的重点是this finding does very little to show that (hypothesis), 而不是computer use tends to reduce TV viewing time. 如果把main conclusion的重点弄错了,很容易错选B/E,认为computer use不一定会reduce TV viewing time是正确选项。答案C告诉我们因为studies中的computer use和TV viewing没有关系(用电脑的人本来就不爱看电视,不是因为用电脑导致),所以this finding does very little to show that 用电脑多和看电视少有因果关系。

The growing popularity of computer-based activities was widely expected to result in a decline in television viewing, since it had been assumed that people lack sufficient free time to maintain current television-viewing levels while spending increasing amounts of free time on the computer.  That assumption, however, is evidently false: in a recent mail survey concerning media use, a very large majority of respondents who report increasing time spent per week using computers report no change in time spent watching television.
第一句给出一个hypothesis以及得到这个hypothesis的推理过程:因为assumption是free time用电脑多那看电视就少,所以hypothesis就是用电脑多导致看电视少。第二句说the assumption is evidently false:给出一个反例。而答案让我们evaluate assumption和反例里面的time spent using computer是否一致。

这两道题目都是用溯因推理(abductive reasoning)的论证过程,对观察的现象给出解释。用更多的例子证实/证伪这个hypothesis。问题都出在用studies/evidence能否有效证明这个hypothesis里面存在的因果关系,要看sample有没有bias,要看所讨论的范围是否一致。

作者: Ryan-joke    时间: 2017-3-12 21:45
夏天amy 发表于 2011-5-31 01:19
89.    (29334-!-item-!-188;#058&003870)Which of the following most logically completes  ...

看一下!               
作者: 闭眼看书    时间: 2017-7-3 18:14
rustraff 发表于 2016-4-28 14:43
the computer owners in the survey  和the survey respondents’是没有区别的,不能把前者拆成 the compute ...

survey respondents do not have to be PC owners
作者: 闭眼看书    时间: 2017-7-3 18:19
猪小王 发表于 2017-2-28 11:42
第一句给出一个解释(hypothesis): increased computer use --> a decline in TV viewing. 第二句给出recen ...

同意!               
作者: AileenYang    时间: 2017-7-7 23:21
猪小王 发表于 2017-2-28 11:42
第一句给出一个解释(hypothesis): increased computer use --> a decline in TV viewing. 第二句给出recen ...

Mark一下!               
作者: AileenYang    时间: 2017-7-7 23:22
猪小王正解,厉害,点赞
作者: Eleanorrr    时间: 2017-11-18 11:38
夏天amy 发表于 2011-5-31 01:27
The growing popularity of computer-based activities was widely expected to result in a decline in ...

虽然楼主这样做题的确很快,但是我认为你所说的computer owners in survey 和 survey respondents'的差别我觉得并不能判断出这道题的对错,因为差别微乎其微,且原文没有提到是否respondents都是computerowner的问题。我认为应该从D:探讨的是用电脑时间会不会上升,E:探讨的是是不是包含工作时间,来判断。因为题目的核心是休闲时间中用电脑的时间挤占了看电视时间,如果包含工作时间则无法说明休闲时间的情况。而用电脑是否上升,如果上升也和是否休闲时间挤占看电视时间无关。请楼主指教!!
作者: Eleanorrr    时间: 2017-11-18 11:39
猪小王 发表于 2017-2-28 11:42
第一句给出一个解释(hypothesis): increased computer use --> a decline in TV viewing. 第二句给出recen ...

同意!               
作者: djdyzqq    时间: 2017-12-3 22:24
燃烧吧飞鸟750 发表于 2017-2-7 17:20
我的看法是
解题关键在于,题目所给原观点是:用电脑多导致看电视少的原因是人们在空闲时间会因花空间时间 ...

同意!               
作者: sfqdtc    时间: 2018-6-11 23:12
猪小王 发表于 2017-2-28 11:42
第一句给出一个解释(hypothesis): increased computer use --> a decline in TV viewing. 第二句给出recen ...

这个答案好,那第一题讲就是问题说的是, Recent studies have found that, in the United States, people who own computers watch, on average, significantly less television than people who do not own computers.推导不出computer use tends to reduce TV viewing time。后面的since相当于就是为什么推导不出,而不是问你computer use会reduce TV viewing time这个对不对。也就是前面的p是成立的,然后问你这么推导行不行。
作者: 蟹黄味蚕豆    时间: 2018-10-5 12:30
猪小王 发表于 2017-2-28 11:42
第一句给出一个解释(hypothesis): increased computer use --> a decline in TV viewing. 第二句给出recen ...

这应该是枚举推理吧 考察的明显是样本能不能代表总体
作者: liyaz    时间: 2019-12-24 20:49
猪小王 发表于 2017-2-28 11:42
第一句给出一个解释(hypothesis): increased computer use --> a decline in TV viewing. 第二句给出recen ...

同意!               
作者: liyaz    时间: 2019-12-24 20:51
猪小王 发表于 2017-2-28 11:42
第一句给出一个解释(hypothesis): increased computer use --> a decline in TV viewing. 第二句给出recen ...

同意!               
作者: 典座    时间: 2020-8-2 11:30
猪小王 发表于 2017-2-28 11:42
第一句给出一个解释(hypothesis): increased computer use --> a decline in TV viewing. 第二句给出recen ...

同意!               




欢迎光临 ChaseDream (https://forum.chasedream.com/) Powered by Discuz! X3.3