ChaseDream

标题: gwd 12 - 31.32 [打印本页]

作者: 麻集爱    时间: 2004-6-13 12:37
标题: gwd 12 - 31.32

Q31:


Emily Dickinson’s letters to Susan Huntington Dickinson were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ending shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, outnumbering her letters to anyone else.







  1. Dickinson were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ending shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, outnumbering

  2. Dickinson were written over a period that begins a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ended shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, outnumber

  3. Dickinson, written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and that ends shortly before Emily’s death in 1886and outnumbering

  4. Dickinson, which were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother, ending shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, and outnumbering

  5. Dickinson, which were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ending shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, outnumber


   Answer:


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Q32:


Prospecting for gold during the California gold rush was a relatively easy task, because of erosion, prehistoric glacier movement, and ancient, gold-bearing riverbeds thrust to the surface by volcanic activity put gold literally within reach for anybody with a pan or shovel.






  1. because of erosion, prehistoric glacier movement, and ancient, gold-bearing riverbeds thrust to the surface by volcanic activity put gold literally within reach for

  2. because of erosion, prehistoric glacier movement, and volcanic activity that thrust ancient, gold-bearing riverbeds to the surface, and putting gold literally within reach of


  3. owing to erosion, prehistoric glacier movement, and volcanic activity that had thrust ancient, gold-bearing riverbeds to the surface, and putting gold literally within reach of

  4. since erosion, prehistoric glacier movement, and volcanic activity that thrust ancient, gold-bearing riverbeds to the surface, putting gold literally within reach for


  5. since erosion, prehistoric glacier movement, and ancient, gold-bearing riverbeds thrust to the surface by volcanic activity put gold literally within reach of

   Answer:



请教大家 答案对么?



作者: kingsoft    时间: 2004-6-13 13:40

   第一题我选A,

   第二题实在要选,我选E,我觉得D的意思不对:寻金是个简单的事情,因为 erosion, prehistoric glacier movement, and volcanic activity (其他的都是修饰成分)

   E中的thrust是被动分词,E的意思才对


作者: 雪落无声    时间: 2004-6-13 19:11
以下是引用麻集爱在2004-6-13 12:37:00的发言:

Q31:


Emily Dickinson’s letters to Susan Huntington Dickinson were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ending shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, outnumbering her letters to anyone else.









  1. Dickinson were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ending shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, outnumbering

  2. Dickinson were written over a period that begins a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ended shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, outnumber

  3. Dickinson, written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and that ends shortly before Emily’s death in 1886and outnumbering

  4. Dickinson, which were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother, ending shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, and outnumbering

  5. Dickinson, which were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ending shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, outnumber



   Answer:








觉得E没有语法错误啊,而且which were,跳跃修饰了letters,很清楚。


NN选A是因为E的句子重心变了,原来outnumber 只是伴随动作,这里变成了谓语动词吗?


我选了E,估计错的


[此贴子已经被作者于2004-6-13 21:14:15编辑过]

作者: 雪落无声    时间: 2004-6-13 19:18
以下是引用麻集爱在2004-6-13 12:37:00的发言:


Prospecting for gold during the California gold rush was a relatively easy task, because of erosion, prehistoric glacier movement, and ancient, gold-bearing riverbeds thrust to the surface by volcanic activity put gold literally within reach for anybody with a pan or shovel.







  1. because of erosion, prehistoric glacier movement, and ancient, gold-bearing riverbeds thrust to the surface by volcanic activity put gold literally within reach for

  2. because of erosion, prehistoric glacier movement, and volcanic activity that thrust ancient, gold-bearing riverbeds to the surface, and putting gold literally within reach of



  3. owing to erosion, prehistoric glacier movement, and volcanic activity that had thrust ancient, gold-bearing riverbeds to the surface, and putting gold literally within reach of

  4. since erosion, prehistoric glacier movement, and volcanic activity that thrust ancient, gold-bearing riverbeds to the surface, putting gold literally within reach for



  5. since erosion, prehistoric glacier movement, and ancient, gold-bearing riverbeds thrust to the surface by volcanic activity put gold literally within reach of

   Answer:



请教大家 答案对么?


吐死了,删掉我的破解释。现在理解E了,多读两遍就清楚了。


[此贴子已经被作者于2004-6-13 21:12:43编辑过]

作者: LES    时间: 2004-6-13 19:24
以下是引用雪落无声在2004-6-13 19:11:00的发言:


雪落无声mm 是什么意思啊?
作者: 雪落无声    时间: 2004-6-13 19:25
上面有我的解释啊,这个表示心情:P
作者: 深海的小美人鱼    时间: 2004-6-13 19:25
以下是引用kingsoft在2004-6-13 13:40:00的发言:

   第一题我选A,


   第二题实在要选,我选E,我觉得D的意思不对:寻金是个简单的事情,因为 erosion, prehistoric glacier movement, and volcanic activity (其他的都是修饰成分)


   E中的thrust是被动分词,E的意思才对


I agree.


作者: 深海的小美人鱼    时间: 2004-6-13 19:27
以下是引用雪落无声在2004-6-13 19:11:00的发言:


E的句子重心变了,原来outnumber 只是伴随动作,这里变成了谓语动词。只是这个原因排除吗?我也错选E的。当时觉得E没有语法错误啊,而且which were,跳跃修饰了letters,很清楚。


我选了E,估计错的



这里, which 修饰谁呢?这样的句子是不对的,因为which是就近修饰的,那么修饰的就不是letter了。


作者: 雪落无声    时间: 2004-6-13 19:32

现在看懂了些,E中thrust过去分词修饰riverbeds,从句的谓语动词是put 。

做的时候怎么会梦里懵懂选B呢~~菜


作者: 雪落无声    时间: 2004-6-13 20:38
以下是引用深海的小美人鱼在2004-6-13 19:27:00的发言:



这里, which 修饰谁呢?这样的句子是不对的,因为which是就近修饰的,那么修饰的就不是letter了。



虽然题目偶选错了,可是不太明白小鱼说的就近修饰啊。


which 不会修饰地根四的,which后面有were indicates修饰的是letters


请教!

而且which不修饰人啊
[此贴子已经被作者于2004-6-13 20:39:05编辑过]

作者: LES    时间: 2004-6-13 20:53

Emily Dickinson’s letters to Susan Huntington Dickinson were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ending shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, outnumbering her letters to anyone else.


E. Dickinson, which were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ending shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, outnumber

E中主语为letters, 谓语是outnumer, 所以句子提炼后就是letters outnumber her letters to anyone else.

逻辑错误,letters 本身数量上不会超过,而是写于一长段时间内的信件的累积才使其数量上超过......,

注意限定与非限定修饰的区别。


作者: cranberry    时间: 2004-6-13 20:59
a / e
作者: 麻集爱    时间: 2004-6-13 21:06

Emily Dickinson’s letters to Susan Huntington Dickinson were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ending shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, outnumbering her letters to anyone else.

E. Dickinson, which were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ending shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, outnumber

E中主语为letters, 谓语是outnumer, 所以句子提炼后就是letters outnumber her letters to anyone else.

逻辑错误,letters 本身数量上不会超过,而是写于一长段时间内的信件的累积才使其数量上超过......,

注意限定与非限定修饰的区别

不同意 they outnumber us three to one .  ==> A ounumber B ( 多少多少)

不选a 因为outnumbering离主语过远,如果是做伴随也应该放在句首.

欢迎指教 lsemm 很厉害的


作者: LES    时间: 2004-6-13 21:16

你举的例子不错。可能是偶的表达有点问题。

根据句意,这题的考点就是“前面整个一段话对后面造成的影响”-XDF语。现在分词做状语表结果,请参考OG154和259。


作者: 麻集爱    时间: 2004-6-13 21:17

同时正是由于 les mm 提出的问题更使得outnumbering有修饰主语做伴随状语同时又可作修饰整句产生之嫌

这样子是不对地~  我开始胡说八道了. 但是 e确实没有错嘛


作者: 麻集爱    时间: 2004-6-13 21:20

letters1  ( 积累了多长时间的letter) outnumber letters2 ( 给谁的)

两个定语修饰两个不同对比方.


作者: kingsoft    时间: 2004-6-13 21:23

     E将原来句子的状语变为谓语,句子重心大偏

     肯定没有A好


作者: 麻集爱    时间: 2004-6-13 22:20
还有没有其他解释? 除了重心这个 比较迷惑的"错误"
作者: kingsoft    时间: 2004-6-13 22:34

      做题目是比较

      有些选项未必错,如果你承认A比E好,为什么不选A??


作者: 麻集爱    时间: 2004-6-13 23:16

我没说我承认错了,我是问你除了这个小巴并 ,你还能给出更powerful的证据么? 


承让了.


作者: kingsoft    时间: 2004-6-13 23:44

    抱歉抱歉,我没有其他的意思。

    我也拿不出什么理由,只是觉得E重心既然偏了,相比于A,那肯定选A


作者: 麻集爱    时间: 2004-6-14 08:32

楼上的给翻译一下你的选择

我的选择很平行

Emily Dickinson’s letters to Susan Huntington Dickinson, which were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ending shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, outnumber her letters to anyone else.

Emily Dickinson给Susan Huntington Dickinson的信,(从xx到xx这段期间), 比它给任何人的信都多


作者: LES    时间: 2004-6-14 11:26

E. Dickinson, which were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ending shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, outnumber

好,再告诉你一个E的致命错误,outnumber的时态错,整个句子是讲一个过去的事件,应该用一般过去时吧!


作者: tianwan    时间: 2004-6-14 11:34

1,作为单独的句子,我觉得时态不是问题,因为这是一个客观现实。"outnumbered" implies "not outnumber",所以outnumber是对的。除非在一篇文章里,context是过去,没有和现在对比的意思,用一般过去时。

GMAT的SC应该理解为单独的句子,而不是在一个过去的context里。

2,A的意思是符合逻辑的,E虽然没有错,但改变了A的意思。sorry,mja,Ican't find any other fault in E.

请NN帮忙看看。


作者: LES    时间: 2004-6-14 11:43

Oh, tianwan, how can you make such an assumption as "outnumbered" implies "not outnumber", ?


作者: tianwan    时间: 2004-6-14 12:20

隐含,并不是直接表达出来。比如:He was a teacher.作为一个单独的句子,就隐含了 He is not a teacher.


作者: bon    时间: 2004-6-14 12:25
同意tianwan,我认为这里用outnumber正确,另外,对于句子重心,我的看法是,文章的中心究竟是outnumber还是be written over这个很难定,要有上下文才能决定,但是就这句话而言,我更倾向于前者,因为outnumber的意义比后者深刻
作者: robertchu    时间: 2004-6-14 14:10
My answers: E, E.

这种长句的重心一般都在最后面。据说ETS出庭时,拿一个简单的句子来,挖空心思加各种各样的modifying clauses来害人。但句子的意思其实没怎么变。你觉得作者是想说什么呢?显然是 outnumber 了。

作者: LES    时间: 2004-6-14 23:58
以下是引用tianwan在2004-6-14 12:20:00的发言:

隐含,并不是直接表达出来。比如:He was a teacher.作为一个单独的句子,就隐含了 He is not a teacher.



实在忍不住,再说一句,偶觉得这种理解是有问题的。举个易懂的例子:


He died of tuberculosis. 请问是否隐含了 He doesn't die of tuberculosis. ?

通常说地用一般现在时表示“客观实事”是多指普遍认同的真理,如地球是圆的,只有一个太阳等。


所以通常即使描述Shakspeare这样的大师都是用一般过去时。


还有,就你举的He was a teacher. 要想表达现在不是,一般不会这么写得,而是写成He used to be a teacher.


作者: mjiehu    时间: 2004-6-15 05:02

Dickinson那题,选A,outnumber时态问题,排除B, E,C, D没有谓语动词。


作者: robertchu    时间: 2004-6-15 07:30
outnumber 时态不一定错.  因为是陈述一个事实,用present tense 是可以的.

作者: mariezhu    时间: 2004-6-15 16:41
以下是引用robertchu在2004-6-14 14:10:00的发言:
My answers: E, E.

这种长句的重心一般都在最后面。据说ETS出庭时,拿一个简单的句子来,挖空心思加各种各样的modifying clauses来害人。但句子的意思其实没怎么变。你觉得作者是想说什么呢?显然是 outnumber 了。


呵呵,我同意robertchu的意见, 大家看看到底是letters were written during a certain periode, outnumbering还是letters, written during a certain periode, outnumber? 逻辑上来说这个句子的重心应该是outnumber


而且outnumber显然不能成为were written的伴随状语,其实lesMM也提到过一点,这个outnumber应该是这段时间过后(也就是信写完了之后数一数)才能得知的现象.恐怕不能正写着的时候,outnumbering吧




作者: LES    时间: 2004-6-15 17:04
以下是引用mariezhu在2004-6-15 16:41:00的发言:



呵呵,我同意robertchu的意见, 大家看看到底是letters were written during a certain periode, outnumbering还是letters, written during a certain periode, outnumber? 逻辑上来说这个句子的重心应该是outnumber


而且outnumber显然不能成为were written的伴随状语,其实lesMM也提到过一点,这个outnumber应该是这段时间过后(也就是信写完了之后数一数)才能得知的现象.恐怕不能正写着的时候,outnumbering吧


mm的分析很有道理!不过偶又发现了一个E不像正确选项的地方:

Dickinson, which were(多余,不简洁) written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ending shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, outnumber。

楼主,这些题目到底是管卫东自己编的还是他搞到的真题?有没有正确答案的?管卫东是怎么解的?


作者: 麻集爱    时间: 2004-6-16 00:31

"which were " 是为了避免歧义。用writen 因为前面不适直接跟letter所以会有修饰歧义。你觉得? 

这题没答案。


作者: mariezhu    时间: 2004-6-16 11:36

仔细看了看les打成黄色的这句which were,突然想到是不是只有这样, 用were才证明了修饰的是letters,而不是Dickinson呢?

weiyu, Tianwan都到哪儿去了,也不来参加讨论?


作者: robertchu    时间: 2004-6-16 13:27
Agree with MarieZhu.  "which were" 修饰letters,不会有任何歧义.而且用which开始 non-restrictive clause 本身不应该是问题.简练的前提是不会有歧义.

作者: rt316    时间: 2004-7-29 03:02
以下是引用LES在2004-6-15 17:04:00的发言:


mm的分析很有道理!不过偶又发现了一个E不像正确选项的地方:

Dickinson, which were(多余,不简洁) written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ending shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, outnumber。

楼主,这些题目到底是管卫东自己编的还是他搞到的真题?有没有正确答案的?管卫东是怎么解的?


支持,where were我一开始就觉得不爽,省掉一点都不会引起歧义。重要得是,E明显不必要的改变句子重心,大错;另:分词做状语可以表达-解释或结果,这种理解在这里我认为合情合理。


作者: guandream    时间: 2004-8-2 06:32

I would like to choose E.

In choice A, the meaning seems to be abrupt. E gives more information to this sentence, and the relative clause provides further information to explan the main sentence.


作者: perpetual    时间: 2004-8-12 15:59

I choose e, e.

I think what the author emphasizes is "outnumber", not the specific period.

And if "outnmbering" in A acts as a result, it has no close relationship with the period.

Open to discussion.


作者: tony6    时间: 2004-8-13 23:15
搞个公投8,偶选E。A这种结构感觉不会是正确答案的,凭感觉了。
作者: 我爱宝宝    时间: 2004-8-16 05:20

我做题时先选了e,又改成a。对了答案,呆想了半个钟头,支持e。

我同意“a的结构太复杂了”的观点。

原句想表达的意思有3个,1、这些信是写给D的2、这些信是在一段时间内写的3、这些信数量大大超过给另一个人的。

a把3个意思在一个句型里通过被动、伴随、主谓之间夹杂修饰语表达(其中被动和夹杂修饰都不好),使得句子语义复杂。

e把3个功能分开,清晰,功能明确。

我做题时候的感觉正好和tony6相反,觉得a和og上的表达很近,所以背叛了e选了a。

现在我比较能肯定的一点是,og是反对主谓之间加上from.....或者to


作者: oldspanish    时间: 2004-8-16 06:25

伴随状语,可以伴随结果或者伴随状态.这里outnumbering为伴随结果,并非伴随状态.---所以支持选A!


作者: vaporization200    时间: 2004-8-20 00:36

A outnumbering 距离修饰的letter太远, 会造成句子重心不对

E , which…., 插入句补充说明letter, 在这儿, 有人会有which修饰的疑惑, 但是之前有大侠总结, “修饰最近的名词不是绝对的公式, 如果再逻辑意思上可以明确的找到修饰的对象, 跳跃修饰是允许的

E, 用动词outnumber来打死了一堆认为outnumber距离主词太远的疑惑,因为他是主要动词


作者: wcai    时间: 2004-8-25 03:26

outnumber 应该才是整个句子的中心动词,不应将其非谓语化。 e


作者: 闲云漫舞    时间: 2004-9-12 20:30

个人支持A,也是做题时的选择。

虽然整体结构上E更让我喜欢:A's letters to B, [which...], outnumber A's letters to C. 看起来这种很平行的结构应该是ETS喜欢的。

但是,整个句子花那么长篇幅描述的应该是句子的中心意思,因此outnumber是伴随结果,从意思上看也合理--因为有那么久写,所以才会outnumber其他人的。

另一个理由选A是因为从句子唯一的时态提示were,觉得如果E改成outnumbered会更好。这里虽然可以牵强地解释为是现实状况用一般现在时,但时态一致一般也是ETS考点之一。

更外可以附加考虑,主谓相隔太远句子重心不稳,似乎不是一种优选。

欢迎指正。


作者: 闲云漫舞    时间: 2004-9-12 20:44

Q32题选E。D项是错误的,since从句缺少谓语。


作者: toynbee    时间: 2004-9-13 14:49

第1题支持选A

侧重点是强调Dickinson给Susan写信的这么长一段时间,其导致的结果是outnumbering....


作者: 闲云漫舞    时间: 2004-9-14 20:29
请NN确认一下,UP!
作者: 闲云漫舞    时间: 2004-9-16 11:10
up
作者: xoway    时间: 2004-9-17 12:13

不是N,我选E
我的感觉是,主要想表达些信件outnumber。
同意宝宝在41楼的看法,需要表达的三个意思,这三个意思在E里面被更好的组织并表述。
做题的时候,一方面觉得这句话的主要意思是表达信件数量超过的事实,另一方面感觉A里面outnumbering放在最后作伴随状态,跟前面的句子有些脱节。
刚才察看着道题的讨论,发现另一篇帖子mumuwa的一篇,她这样写到:

这个题我觉得有必要探讨一下,这个题的BCD有明显的句子结构问题,主要看A还是E,偶开始也选的A,看到tianwan提示,我又觉得E对,后来想想,A还是有合理性的。
A's letters to B were written over a period(开始到结束好长好长的时间,一直到死前啊) 。。。, outnumbering her letters to anyone else.
outnumbering 的功能,在白勇的书里,-ING分词短语在句未:1)伴随动作、状态和功能,与句子谓语动作同时发生,逻辑主语等于句子主语;2)伴随结果,整个句子是原因,到时分词动作产生,无逻辑主语。
这样,可不可以这样理解,前半句(主句)在讲这个爱美丽同志的信写了N年的时间(可能与她写其他信不大一样),所以造成了给这同一个收信人的信的数量大大超过了给其他GG的?
关于这个伴随的用法,OG里有一例,大家体会一下,能不能算A对?
259. Five fledgling sea eagles left their nests in western Scotland this summer, bringing to 34 the number of wild birds successfully raised since transplants from Norway began in 1975.
(A) bringing
(B) and brings
(C) and it brings
(D) and it brought(A)
(E) and brought
Choice A is best. The “-ing” (present participle) form introduces action that is simultaneous with the action of the main clause; i.e., bringing indicates that the number of wild birds became 34 when the sea eagles left their nests.
可是如果原题中A对了,又怎么去推翻E呢?好为难啊~

而看到这个例子,更让我觉得A是错误的。
259用的是主动形式sth. do sth,doing...这里doing表示伴随,说明前面主语行为的结果,这样清楚明了。
而这个例子里面,A用的是被动形式,letters were written...,outnumbering...。前面是一种被动的状态,强调的是主语letters,而并不是强调写信的行为,这样,后面的伴随结果显得不够对应。
我觉得,如果这个句子的前半部分用的是主动形式来强调整个行为的过程
Emily Dickinson wrote letters...blabla,outnumbering....
那么,用outnumbering做伴随结果则是比较好的表达方式。

请继续讨论。


作者: 闲云漫舞    时间: 2004-9-19 20:18
xoway, 你说的有道理,可我暂时没找到类似的例子说明被动语态使用伴随就是错误的。唉,难!
作者: bloodcherry    时间: 2004-9-21 20:04

考试的时候不会出这么绕的题吧

我记得XDF也说过,如果A没有很大的错误,一般以A为主,这题如果AE这样A都能被推翻的话,那么我们做题的时候依据什么来判断句子重心,因为这只是一句话,又没有上下文,我们不是ETS,也不能说ETS就是想说outnumber而不是想把outnumber做伴随吧

请NN指点

btw,为啥我的答案上写的是E捏?难道已经有了定论?


作者: starfishz    时间: 2004-10-4 19:54
Emily Dickinson’s letters to Susan Huntington Dickinson were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ending shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, outnumbering her letters to anyone else.                                                      \--------->應該是ends 才對吧,  a period that begins a few years.....and ends shortly before... 怎麼可能用 v-ing~~!!!   如此一來就重複了that/which  造成2個adj子句, 根本沒必要阿[從沒見過這種寫法]              
作者: 呆板彻底    时间: 2004-10-7 16:41

此题太恶心!!

不过还是e对。


作者: looook    时间: 2004-11-14 02:31
强烈支持50楼xoway. E
作者: sunnyting1116    时间: 2004-11-20 15:51

第一题我选A..因为E的句子中心不对...原文主要说信被写.....而outnumber是伴随的...而E恰好把两个反了..变成超过成为句子重心了....

请大家继续讨论


作者: mikeleven    时间: 2004-11-23 03:13

可以选两个吗...烦死了


作者: mikeleven    时间: 2004-11-23 03:18
决定猜A了,放弃了...
根据篇幅,选E修饰与未免也太臭长了,估计E的修饰与应该是主题吧。
作者: yvrv    时间: 2004-11-23 05:08
Q31: A

Q32: 初选d 在选e
选d 是因为 从 词义 上 erosion, glacier movement and volcanic activity 才是并列的, 而不是金矿床

选e是因为从句的谓语动词

但是,我不觉得e在字面上是正确的

-- 茴香豆有几种写法?

作者: lj_hq    时间: 2004-12-11 03:01

支持LES选A ,E 中的which were太罗嗦,去掉没有影响原句意思的话,应该去掉不然不符合ETS追求简洁的精神,正如52楼所说,新东方也说过没有大错的话,尽量选A更符合原句意思,不会改变原句重心。


作者: hylrd    时间: 2004-12-25 15:08
A句尾分词表示伴随显然说不通,表示结果呢?加上因果关系词更清晰一些:因为大多数的书信写于某个时期,其结果是,数量大大的超过了给其他人写的信。(若不是写于这个时期,恐怕没那么多),是这个意思么?E,用非限制性定语从句,可以翻译成并列结构:书信数量大大的超过了给其他人写的信,并且,这些书信写于某个时期。哪个更合适些?A的因果关系是否牵强?

作者: sexbeast    时间: 2004-12-27 09:22
Prospecting for gold during the California gold rush was a relatively easy task, becauseof erosion, prehistoric glacier movement, and ancient, gold-bearingriverbeds thrust to the surface by volcanic activity put gold literallywithin reach for anybody with a pan or shovel.



  1. becauseof erosion, prehistoric glacier movement, and ancient, gold-bearingriverbeds thrust to the surface by volcanic activity put gold literallywithin reach for
  2. becauseof erosion, prehistoric glacier movement, and volcanic activity thatthrust ancient, gold-bearing riverbeds to the surface, and putting goldliterally within reach of


  3. owingto erosion, prehistoric glacier movement, and volcanic activity thathad thrust ancient, gold-bearing riverbeds to the surface, and puttinggold literally within reach of
  4. sinceerosion, prehistoric glacier movement, and volcanic activity thatthrust ancient, gold-bearing riverbeds to the surface, putting goldliterally within reach for


  5. sinceerosion, prehistoric glacier movement, and ancient, gold-bearingriverbeds thrust to the surface by volcanic activity put gold literallywithin reach of

   Answer:

这道题,我觉得思路是, 每个选项最后的部分。within reach of somebody,在某个人的范围内,是个固定表达。所以淘汰A,D. 另外,句子的后半段是个完整的句子,从“ put gold literallywithin reach of“|中看出来,所以中间的要用连词。所以BC都错。


作者: windweed    时间: 2005-1-3 06:52

Emily Dickinson’s letters to Susan Huntington Dickinson were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ending shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, outnumbering her letters to anyone else.

  1. Dickinson were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ending shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, outnumbering   A 为什么不对
  2. Dickinson were written over a period that begins a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ended shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, outnumber
  3. Dickinson, written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and that ends shortly before Emily’s death in 1886and outnumbering
  4. Dickinson, which were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother, ending shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, and outnumbering
  5. Dickinson, which were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ending shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, outnumber

这题我左思又想, A 谓语是were written..., numbering 伴随结果  有道理

                           E:  谓语是number 也有道理.

但是,  如果ETS 想表达E 的意思, 不会在主谓之间夹那么一大堆. 想表达的话也会是:

Written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ending shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, Emily Dickinson’s letters to Susan Huntington outnumber her letters to anyone else. 这种表达符合ets的风格.

我还是倾向与A. 接着讨论.

-----------------------------------------------------

这题又臭又长,但我还是不死心.


作者: pp_honey    时间: 2005-1-6 22:44
Outnumber 还是坚决选E, 提炼句子中心Emily Dickinson's letters to Susan Huntington Dickinson outnumber her letters to anyone else. (备注:怎么越看越觉得ets在影射这两个girl又不正当的关系呢)
[此贴子已经被作者于2005-1-6 22:58:58编辑过]

作者: skyalan    时间: 2005-1-13 23:04
我所坚持的是A既然没有错误,E就不该改变A的合理重心;这在OG里算大错了
作者: angel_coco    时间: 2005-1-18 15:14

支持选A,outnumbering表伴随结果没有问题,written不用加which were也能理解是修饰letters的呀,不影响句意,因此不够简洁吧,个人理解!


作者: lixunhuan    时间: 2005-1-30 12:36

这道题很恶心.刚开始觉得E不对,因为句子重心变了.但后来发现A的问题更大:逻辑上的错位.

在A中, outnumbering只能做伴随状语或结果状语, (1)outnumber词本省具有结果的意味,不适于表达伴随的状态;(2) 前句Emily Dickinson’s letters to Susan Huntington Dickinson were written over a period .... 只表达了写信这个时间持续了一段时间,和数量无关(比如说若干年里只写了1封信). 如果outnumbering表达结果的状态,其与前句并不匹配.

在E中, (1) which 是一个跳跃性修饰, which were 表达得很清楚被修饰者是letters.这种用法在OG中是有先例的; (2)用which were并不影响简洁性,因为有一个to Susan Huntington Dickinson 隔着, 只用written去修饰不合理; (3) 虽然句子重心一般不易改变,但这只是我们总结的一种规律,并不绝对.要知道, OG中也有若干题是考察怎样合理确定句字逻辑重心的.

应该是E对!


作者: gleaebb    时间: 2005-2-8 01:04

http://www.parispress.org/level02/books/omc.html

这句话的确可以google出来。

Emily Dickinson's Intimate Letters to Susan Huntington Dickinson

Edited by Ellen Louise Hart and Martha Nell Smith

"Dickinson's surviving letters to Susan, which began ardently a few years before Susan's marriage and continued almost until the poet's death in 1886, outnumber her letters to anyone else. After an examination of these cryptic messages, Ellen Louise Hart and Martha Nell Smith have emerged up in arms for Susan.......

虽然刚开始我也是有些怀疑which是不是修饰letter,但还是觉得outnumber是句子的重心.

另外关于outnumber的时态,我想它是强调一个事实,所以仍然可以用现在时。


作者: 古镯    时间: 2005-2-8 09:23
以下是引用pp_honey在2005-1-6 22:44:00的发言:
Outnumber 还是坚决选E, 提炼句子中心Emily Dickinson's letters to Susan Huntington Dickinson outnumber her letters to anyone else. (备注:怎么越看越觉得ets在影射这两个girl又不正当的关系呢)


与我心有戚戚焉!



作者: greatvampire    时间: 2005-4-1 22:32
以下是引用gleaebb在2005-2-8 1:04:00的发言:

http://www.parispress.org/level02/books/omc.html


这句话的确可以google出来。


Emily Dickinson's Intimate Letters to Susan Huntington Dickinson


Edited by Ellen Louise Hart and Martha Nell Smith


"Dickinson's surviving letters to Susan, which began ardently a few years before Susan's marriage and continued almost until the poet's death in 1886, outnumber her letters to anyone else. After an examination of these cryptic messages, Ellen Louise Hart and Martha Nell Smith have emerged up in arms for Susan.......


虽然刚开始我也是有些怀疑which是不是修饰letter,但还是觉得outnumber是句子的重心.


另外关于outnumber的时态,我想它是强调一个事实,所以仍然可以用现在时。


gleaebb mm 这都给你google出来了,那我没有理由不支持啦!
做题的时候读着E顺口,看了一眼都选了,都没有注意时态。
看了各NN的激烈讨论,再加上mm的铁证,决定维持原判。


作者: 妞妞的牛牛    时间: 2005-4-7 17:41
以下是引用yvrv在2004-11-23 5:08:00的发言:
Q31: A

Q32: 初选d 在选e
选d 是因为 从 词义 上 erosion, glacier movement and volcanic activity 才是并列的, 而不是金矿床

选e是因为从句的谓语动词

但是,我不觉得e在字面上是正确的

-- 茴香豆有几种写法?


NN们能讨论一下32题吗?


我选了E,但总觉得erosion, glacier movement and volcanic activity 才是并列的,请教一下NN的看法啊


作者: rivergirl    时间: 2005-5-3 08:04
我还是对31题有疑问. 不明白逗号后面的which 难道不是肯定修饰逗号前面的一个单词就近的嘛? 还能跳跃修饰? 怎么分辨是否该跳呢?
作者: rivergirl    时间: 2005-5-4 05:09
自己顶了, NN们帮助下我啊
作者: Avantasia    时间: 2005-5-11 22:05

这题真的恶心!


支持选E. http://www.parispress.org/level02/books/omc.html的例子实在是有说服力!


[此贴子已经被作者于2005-6-22 20:20:27编辑过]

作者: godiex    时间: 2005-5-14 12:59
以下是引用gleaebb在2005-2-8 1:04:00的发言:

http://www.parispress.org/level02/books/omc.html


这句话的确可以google出来。


Emily Dickinson's Intimate Letters to Susan Huntington Dickinson


Edited by Ellen Louise Hart and Martha Nell Smith


"Dickinson's surviving letters to Susan, which began ardently a few years before Susan's marriage and continued almost until the poet's death in 1886, outnumber her letters to anyone else. After an examination of these cryptic messages, Ellen Louise Hart and Martha Nell Smith have emerged up in arms for Susan.......


虽然刚开始我也是有些怀疑which是不是修饰letter,但还是觉得outnumber是句子的重心.


另外关于outnumber的时态,我想它是强调一个事实,所以仍然可以用现在时。


精彩!


作者: godiex    时间: 2005-5-14 13:00
以下是引用rivergirl在2005-5-3 8:04:00的发言:
我还是对31题有疑问. 不明白逗号后面的which 难道不是肯定修饰逗号前面的一个单词就近的嘛? 还能跳跃修饰? 怎么分辨是否该跳呢?


跳跃修饰经常出现,一般可以通过谓语动词单复数判断,排除歧义。
作者: xinfaxian    时间: 2005-6-7 16:26

以下是引用gleaebb在2005-2-8 1:04:00的发言:

http://www.parispress.org/level02/books/omc.html


这句话的确可以google出来。


Emily Dickinson's Intimate Letters to Susan Huntington Dickinson


Edited by Ellen Louise Hart and Martha Nell Smith


"Dickinson's surviving letters to Susan, which began ardently a few years before Susan's marriage and continued almost until the poet's death in 1886, outnumber her letters to anyone else. After an examination of these cryptic messages, Ellen Louise Hart and Martha Nell Smith have emerged up in arms for Susan.......


虽然刚开始我也是有些怀疑which是不是修饰letter,但还是觉得outnumber是句子的重心.


另外关于outnumber的时态,我想它是强调一个事实,所以仍然可以用现在时。


this is something really COOL!
[此贴子已经被作者于2005-6-7 16:26:54编辑过]

作者: forjoke    时间: 2005-6-24 20:49
支持E

A和E从语法都没有明显错误。把修饰成分砍掉,看看剩下的讲了什么就可以确定,E表达了更明确,更有意思的东西。

A仅仅说信写于...。你会问,so what?

E:写给susan的更多,呃?......嗯....这里头一定有问题。


作者: yukon    时间: 2005-6-27 10:46

31很痛苦地承认了应该是E,.咱不能学鬼子,死不认错。虽然我一开始选了A


但是,对这道题怎么总结呢?!过去保持句子中心语是最重要的。可是现在如何把握???


曾经问老外语法题,回答居然是两个选项都对!我几乎晕倒,ETS太八股了。


作者: Avantasia    时间: 2005-6-27 11:46

鬼子的语感其实也就是那么回事, 深有体会啊!


我觉得这题还是从句意上面理解比较好.


作者: xulijun    时间: 2005-7-31 12:28

d中有一个致命的错误,since后面应该跟完整的句字,而d选项跟的是并列的名词短语,结构错误


作者: drunkbear    时间: 2005-8-7 08:34

相对重心,ETS更强调表达明确


S, (定语从句V1 O1), V2 O2. 优于S V1 O1, V2ing(分词) O2.


请对比GWD-12-Q20和GWD-12-Q31


作者: wwwhahchn    时间: 2005-9-3 23:18

50楼的分析很精彩,google的例子很有说服力,鼓掌!!啪啪啪!!!


31题做的时候就花了很长时间,就是在想究竟哪个才是句子的重心,最终选了E。我感觉句子重心不能太依赖选项A,完全要从逻辑角度考虑


E我读的时候根本没注意到which were的问题,很顺口,现在仔细看看,觉得这个which were加上还是很有道理的,强调了过去时,如果只有一个过去分词,不如从句表达得清楚,时态也比较模糊(虽然后面有时间状语)


个人感觉,只有“that/which+be+简单adj.”这种结构才是必错的,“that/which+be+分词”结构并不是错误的标志


大家讨论


作者: wwwhahchn    时间: 2005-9-3 23:49

另外想到一点,A的outnumbering修饰歧义,最近的v.是ending,可能修饰ending,参考OG-113(不知道是否恰当):


113. Visitors to the park have often looked up into the leafy canopy and saw monkeys sleeping on the branches. whose arms and legs hang like socks on a clothesline.


saw monkeys sleeping on the branches, whose arms and legs hang


saw monkeys sleeping on the branches, whose arms and legs were hanging


saw monkeys sleeping on the branches, with arms and legs hanging


seen monkeys sleeping on the branches, with arms and legs hanging


seen monkeys sleeping on the branches, whose arms and legs have hung


Choices A, B, and C use have ... saw where have ... seen is required. Choices A, B, and E awkwardly separate the relative clause beginning whose arms and legs ... from monkeys, the noun it modifies. Choices A and E also confusingly use the present tense hang and the present perfect have hung, respectively; neither verb conveys clearly that, at the time the monkeys were spotted sleeping, their arms and legs were hanging in the manner described. Choice D, the best answer, not only forms a correct and clear sentence by supplying the present perfect verb have ... seen, but also solves the problem of the whose ... clause by using the appropriately placed adverbial phrase with arms and legs hanging... to modify sleeping.


OG这道题是with引导的独立主格短语修饰最近的v.(sleeping),我觉得跟“, doing”的情况有点类似,不知道对不对


继续讨论


作者: hl2006    时间: 2005-9-4 02:15

Q31, E also cause confusion about which was "written by ..." ? Susan Dickenson or Letter so  E is not right


Q32,Only E is an clause and also has Prediction. other answers are either perpositional phrase with prediction or clause without prediction.


what do your guys think?


作者: sammaijgd    时间: 2005-9-11 16:23

31选E


google的例子太有说服力了.也就不需要争辩了


[此贴子已经被作者于2005-9-11 16:23:21编辑过]

作者: Ivanchiang    时间: 2005-9-18 17:35
google太可怕了....一招致命...
作者: loveyouzh    时间: 2005-9-20 16:00
大家对于32题的D是怎么想的?
作者: biss33    时间: 2005-9-23 17:32
以下是引用wwwhahchn在2005-9-3 23:18:00的发言:

个人感觉,只有“that/which+be+简单adj.”这种结构才是必错的


大家讨论


可依据个例子吗?一时想不起来这个语言点

谢谢


作者: dreamerps    时间: 2005-10-11 23:23
google真是个好东西,又少了一道争议T,哈哈,开心,不过要怎么搜索啊?
作者: zenger    时间: 2005-10-18 14:01

不要迷信GOOGLE。


首先,GO出的句子是需要改写,才能和题目一致的的,如果可以改写为E,那也可能被ETS改写为A;


其次,GO出的句子应该有出处,要根据其出处确定其权威性,而不是因为可GO出就认为是对的;


最后,有一道大全的题目,好象是几个小孩见某女鬼的句子,是属于一本小说的介绍的。该介绍的原文还是出于权威评论,但原文和ETS所有答案都不一致——最重要的是,我们从语法角度看,原文的时态的确有错误。[有兴趣的朋友帮忙在大全里找一下]


个人意见:A的伴随表结果体现出一种不同的隐含意思,如果主句被动语态不影响伴随结果的使用,E对原文的改变就太大了。E插入过长非限定从句,而不将之提前到主语前用状语表达,实在是不符合ETS的简洁原则。


作者: leonchan    时间: 2005-11-5 21:10

A和E都有错误:


A. ,-ing放句末有可能做伴随状语或就近修饰,此处存在歧义


E. which were似可省略;outnumber时态似乎应该是过去时


However:


E的错误可以忍受(简洁在SC中级别比较低;outnumber可以解释成一种事实,所以用一般时);


A的错误会影响逻辑意思表达。


In conclusion, even though each choice has its own problems in grammar, choice E is the best of the worst.


作者: amy9301    时间: 2005-12-10 19:42
e
作者: Febby1984    时间: 2005-12-12 16:13

我觉得要看一下outnumber的用法吧~


A example from Oxford:


The demonstrators were outnumbereb by the police.


示威者没有警察多.


字典上说这个词多用于被动;偶们先不管是主动还是被动,上面那个句子主动化以后就是


The police outnumbered the demonstrators.


可见在用outnumber的时候不是像很多支持A的同志们说得那样,是write latters这件事outnumber...在outnumber之前就应该是一个参与比较的名词,在这里很显然就是那些letters了;而A里面的outnumbering做伴随就破坏了outnumber的用法了~

一点意见:)
作者: zhoujian    时间: 2005-12-23 09:41

我觉得A和E值得商酌。


GOOGLE的例子应该可以启参考作用,但是ETS可能就是喜欢把日常市面上发表的有错的文章中的句子当作典型错误拿来让你改呢?


作者: jocelyn_z2002    时间: 2006-5-8 07:23
A, E

作者: evita_zhang    时间: 2006-5-9 22:01
31题肯定是A,which只能就近指代,这样的用法是OG三令五申不可以的。
作者: 香香茶    时间: 2006-5-18 23:24

这题我第一次选E,第二次选A,现在看讨论,看到中途觉得就是E对了。如楼上有些朋友所说,不要改变句子的重心,可是我想说的是,该句的句子重心是什么,是要说outnumber,还是要说信是什么时候写的,我个人倾向于认为是要说outnumber,不是因为有人在GOOGLE上搜出了类似的句子,而是凭自己对句子的感觉。

当然我的感觉不能说服大家。那么我再说说对这两个选项的两点理解:

1,A中,信被写,从XX年到XX年,导致数量超过了另外的信的数量。这里的ING在句尾做伴随,表结果。因为信被写而导致了这样一种结果吗?觉得很别扭。

2,E中,which were做非限定修饰,其实我第二次排除E就是因为它,因为根本就可以去掉嘛,简洁正好是ETS的prefer,但我现在看觉得which were用的恰倒好处,肯定了修饰对象是letters而非Dickinson.


作者: hawkinsxie    时间: 2006-6-18 20:17
我选了A,不过我现在信服的决定:E是正确的。
作者: yukovan    时间: 2006-6-18 21:03

which可以跳跃修饰,不过还是近的优先。

句子重心不能发生改变的吧

就算可以改变,也应该是outnumbered吧,时态上也有问题,选e的话。






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