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标题: <求版主再来看下！！>V+ing,前面是主系表结构是不是只能修饰主语不能作状语表伴随？ [打印本页]

作者: Summer明明 时间: 2011-5-8 11:19
标题: <求版主再来看下！！>V+ing,前面是主系表结构是不是只能修饰主语不能作状语表伴随？
Because there are provisions of the new maritime code that provide that even tiny islets can be the basis for claims to the fisheries and oil fields of large sea areas, they have already stimulated international disputes over uninhabited islands.

A.Because there are provisions of the new maritime code that provide that even tiny islets can be the basis for claims to the fisheries and oil fields of large sea areas, they have already stimulated

B.Because the new maritime code provides that even tiny islets can be the basis for claims to the fisheries and oil fields of large sea areas, it has already stimulated

C.Even tiny islets can be the basis for claims to the fisheries and oil fields of large sea areas under provisions of the new maritime code, already stimulating

D.Because even tiny islets can be the basis for claims to the fisheries and oil fields of large sea areas under provisions of the new maritime code, this has already stimulated
E.Because even tiny islets can be the basis for claims to the fisheries and oil fields of large sea areas under provisions of the new maritime code, which is already stimulating
答案B
c选项PREP上说原本的主句被改成了修饰成分,句子重心改变；stimulating逻辑主语成了tiny islets错误；由于前面是主系表结构，所以stimulating不做伴随结果状语，割裂前后因果关系；under provisions of the new maritime code错误修饰sea areas
是不是V+ing前面为主系表结构就不能表伴随作状语只能修饰主语？？？

原本的主句被改成了修饰成分,句子重心改变；stimulating逻辑主语成了tiny islets错误；由于前面是主系表结构，所以stimulating不做伴随结果状语，割裂前后因果关系；under provisions of the new maritime code错误修饰sea areas
是不是V+ing前面为主系表结构就不能表伴随作状语只能修饰主语？？？

作者: amyamy6532 时间: 2011-5-8 16:36
up

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2011-5-8 16:41
good question!
doing跟在主系表结构后面可以修饰整个结构，但是也有其特殊之处，比如不坐伴随结果状语。
因为是主系表结构，所以主句描述的并不是一个动作，而是一个状态。对于一个状态，我们没有结果可言，所以就不存在做伴随结果状语了。而如果是伴随状态，则stimulating的主语是islets，逻辑不符合。

作者: Summer明明 时间: 2011-5-12 11:03

good question!
doing跟在主系表结构后面可以修饰整个结构，但是也有其特殊之处，比如不坐伴随结果状语。
因为是主系表结构，所以主句描述的并不是一个动作，而是一个状态。对于一个状态，我们没有结果可言，所以就不存在做伴随结果状语了。而如果是伴随状态，则stimulating的主语是islets，逻辑不符合。

-- by 会员 aeoluseros (2011/5/8 16:41:42)

感谢版主大人现身！今天又看到一题相关的 PREP2-210
Emily Dickinson’s letters to Susan Huntington Dickinson were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ending shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, outnumbering her letters to anyone else.

A.Dickinson were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ending shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, outnumbering

B.Dickinson were written over a period that begins a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ended shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, outnumber

C.Dickinson, written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and that ends shortly before Emily’s death in 1886 and outnumbering

D.Dickinson, which were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother, ending shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, and outnumbering
E.Dickinson, which were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ending shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, outnumber

答案E 虽然我做对了 E的句子逻辑意思表达的比较好。
PREP上的解释 A. 本选项语法上没有错误，但是逻辑上不正确：outnumbering做结果状语，而outnumbering和前面的were written并没有直接因果关系，were written和outnumber是两件完全独立、不相关的事情，所以彼此之间不应该有修饰关系

按版主的说法这里前面是主位表，后面outnumbering修饰主语，没有表因果状态也是说得过去的呀。这儿PREP的解释是不是错了？？
这题是不是只能说E相对更好些

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2011-5-12 12:59
和我在上面的说法不矛盾，现在分词放句尾用逗号隔开做状语时有两种功能：表伴随动作（逻辑主语为句子主语）、表伴随结果（无逻辑主语）。
outnumber和were writing不是同一时间发生，语法上不能作为伴随动作。
outnumbering和前面的were written并没有直接因果关系，逻辑上不能作为伴随结果。
因此A不对。

作者: Summer明明 时间: 2011-5-12 13:40

和我在上面的说法不矛盾，现在分词放句尾用逗号隔开做状语时有两种功能：表伴随动作（逻辑主语为句子主语）、表伴随结果（无逻辑主语）。
outnumber和were writing不是同一时间发生，语法上不能作为伴随动作。
outnumbering和前面的were written并没有直接因果关系，逻辑上不能作为伴随结果。
因此A不对。

-- by 会员 aeoluseros (2011/5/12 12:59:26)

谢谢版主总结：主系表后面分词作状语一般情况都是错的。因为主系表结构表示一种状态，即使逻辑主语正确，分词动作一般也不可能表伴随动作；同样因为主系表结构表示一种状态：对于一个状态，我们没有结果可言，所以就不存在做伴随结果状语了。我总结的对不？求指正！

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2011-5-12 13:52
嗯，总结正确。除了这句：“主系表后面分词作状语一般情况都是错的”。主系表后面的分词确实是做状语的，但这个状语不表达伴随动作，也不表达伴随结果，而仅仅是一个补充说明。

作者: Summer明明 时间: 2011-5-12 15:11

嗯，总结正确。除了这句：“主系表后面分词作状语一般情况都是错的”。主系表后面的分词确实是做状语的，但这个状语不表达伴随动作，也不表达伴随结果，而仅仅是一个补充说明。

-- by 会员 aeoluseros (2011/5/12 13:52:41)

嗯！~谢谢版主！！这种情况比较难分辨呢嘿嘿~

作者: bubu_rachel 时间: 2011-7-18 23:50
请问版主，那outnumbering做单纯的伴随，修饰整个主系表结果可以吗？

作者: 无敌可爱多 时间: 2011-7-19 04:08
做个标记，一会儿回去记在小本子上

作者: superbat28 时间: 2011-7-21 19:25

做个标记，一会儿回去记在小本子上

-- by 会员无敌可爱多 (2011/7/19 4:08:38)

= =怎么又是可爱多同学……囧。。。
不过恩，斑主也不在。。你记这个语法点时候顺带我看眼OG12 Q66的B或C呗~
我贴出正确选项和B来：
正确选项：The 32 species that make up the dolphin family are closely related to whales and in fact include the anmial known as the killer whale, which can grow to be 30 feet long and is famous for its aggressive hunting pods.
B选项：The 32 species that make up the dolphin family are closely related to whales and in fact include the anmial known as the killer whale, growing as big as 30 feet long and is famous for its aggressive hunting pods.

对于B选项，它就是说growing存在修饰主句主语the 32 species的歧义。我们看啊，主句是The 32 species... are related to... and include... 这个结构是主系表还是主谓宾？我觉得是主系表。。因为它更表示一种状态吧。。。
那按照斑主的意思，growing的出现就相当于是对32 species的一个补充说明？既不修饰主语？也不修饰主句？

还是说那个主句是个主谓宾形式呢？~

帮帮我啦~~~

作者: superbat28 时间: 2011-7-21 19:40

做个标记，一会儿回去记在小本子上

-- by 会员无敌可爱多 (2011/7/19 4:08:38)

表看了…prep08语法笔记上写着那是个主谓宾结构。。真伤感。。。

作者: coldice1205 时间: 2011-7-29 10:04

-- by 会员 aeoluseros (2011/5/8 16:41:42)

请教版主~我认为主系表句即使表示状态，也会产生相应的结果，C项这是由于islets能够作为主张的basis，所以才导致stimulant这样的结果。在manhattan论坛上看到Ron说，不管结果状语还是伴随状语，主句主语与doing的都要make sense，他举得个两个句子都正确，但含义是不同的，原因就在与主句主语不同：
my brother trickedme, disappointing Dad --> implies that dad is disappointed in my brotherfor tricking me (and not necessarily disappointed in me for being tricked).
i was tricked by my brother, disappointing Dad -->implies that dad is disappointed in me because i fell for my brother's trick(and not that he's disappointed in my brother for tricking me).
所以我认为C项：主语islet不能发出stimulant这个动作，因此错误。doing做结果状语的逻辑主语是前面的整个句子，但是仍要使主句主语和doing结合有意义。
这个理解对么？？？

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2011-7-29 10:19

请问版主，那outnumbering做单纯的伴随，修饰整个主系表结果可以吗？

-- by 会员 bubu_rachel (2011/7/18 23:50:07)

前面不是主系表哦

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2011-7-29 10:23

做个标记，一会儿回去记在小本子上

-- by 会员无敌可爱多 (2011/7/19 4:08:38)

表看了…prep08语法笔记上写着那是个主谓宾结构。。真伤感。。。

-- by 会员 superbat28 (2011/7/21 19:40:08)

哈哈，are closely related to whales是主系表，include the animal known as the killer whale是主谓宾。
主系表和主谓宾的平行。

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2011-7-29 10:31

-- by 会员 aeoluseros (2011/5/8 16:41:42)

请教版主~我认为主系表句即使表示状态，也会产生相应的结果，C项这是由于islets能够作为主张的basis，所以才导致stimulant这样的结果。在manhattan论坛上看到Ron说，不管结果状语还是伴随状语，主句主语与doing的都要make sense，他举得个两个句子都正确，但含义是不同的，原因就在与主句主语不同：
my brother trickedme, disappointing Dad--> implies that dad is disappointed in my brotherfor tricking me (and not necessarily disappointed in me for being tricked).
i was tricked by my brother, disappointing Dad-->implies that dad is disappointed in me because i fell for my brother's trick(and not that he's disappointed in my brother for tricking me).
所以我认为C项：主语islet不能发出stimulant这个动作，因此错误。doing做结果状语的逻辑主语是前面的整个句子，但是仍要使主句主语和doing结合有意义。
这个理解对么？？？

-- by 会员 coldice1205 (2011/7/29 10:04:13)

完全同意！

作者: coldice1205 时间: 2011-7-29 10:37
那也就是说~doing做结果状语不再是孤零零的一个人了~看到的时候也要检验一下主句主语搭不搭~？

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2011-7-29 10:54
对的~

作者: coldice1205 时间: 2011-7-29 10:59
版主真的是兢兢业业挖~这个贴回答了这么多问题！！大谢谢~

作者: mongmong 时间: 2011-8-16 11:50

-- by 会员 aeoluseros (2011/5/8 16:41:42)

那为何 , stimulating 不可修饰整个结构？

“主系表后面的分词确实是做状语的，但这个状语不表达伴随动作，也不表达伴随结果，而仅仅是一个补充说明。“

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2011-8-16 13:52

-- by 会员 aeoluseros (2011/5/8 16:41:42)

-- by 会员 mongmong (2011/8/16 11:50:08)

其实是修饰整个结构的，但是也可以视作仅修饰逻辑主语或表语。

作者: mongmong 时间: 2011-8-16 14:13

-- by 会员 aeoluseros (2011/5/8 16:41:42)

那为何 , stimulating 不可修饰整个结构？

Because there are provisions of the new maritime code that provide that even tiny islets can be the basis for claims to the fisheries and oil fields of large sea areas, they have already stimulated international disputes over uninhabited islands.

A.Because there are provisions of the new maritime code that provide that even tiny islets can be the basis for claims to the fisheries and oil fields of large sea areas, they have already stimulated
B.Because the new maritime code provides that even tiny islets can be the basis for claims to the fisheries and oil fields of large sea areas, it has already stimulated
C.Even tiny islets can be the basis for claims to the fisheries and oil fields of large sea areas under provisions of the new maritime code, already stimulating
D.Because even tiny islets can be the basis for claims to the fisheries and oil fields of large sea areas under provisions of the new maritime code, this has already stimulated
E.Because even tiny islets can be the basis for claims to the fisheries and oil fields of large sea areas under provisions of the new maritime code, which is already stimulating
答案B
c选项PREP上说原本的主句被改成了修饰成分,句子重心改变；stimulating逻辑主语成了tiny islets错误；由于前面是主系表结构，所以stimulating不做伴随结果状语，割裂前后因果关系；under provisions of the new maritime code错误修饰sea areas
是不是V+ing前面为主系表结构就不能表伴随作状语只能修饰主语？？？

“主系表后面的分词确实是做状语的，但这个状语不表达伴随动作，也不表达伴随结果，而仅仅是一个补充说明。“

-- by 会员 mongmong (2011/8/16 11:50:08)

其实是修饰整个结构的，但是也可以视作仅修饰逻辑主语或表语。

-- by 会员 aeoluseros (2011/8/16 13:52:36)

如果是修饰整个结构的，那么C选项的这个地方就没有错哦？因OG12的解释里说C选项 the sentence does not make clear what is simulating ... disputes.

原题是：
Because there are provisions of the new maritime code that provide that even tiny islets can be the basis for claims to the fisheries and oil fields of large sea areas, they have already stimulated international disputes over uninhabited islands.

A.Because there are provisions of the new maritime code that provide that even tiny islets can be the basis for claims to the fisheries and oil fields of large sea areas, they have already stimulated
B.Because the new maritime code provides that even tiny islets can be the basis for claims to the fisheries and oil fields of large sea areas, it has already stimulated
C.Even tiny islets can be the basis for claims to the fisheries and oil fields of large sea areas under provisions of the new maritime code, already stimulating
D.Because even tiny islets can be the basis for claims to the fisheries and oil fields of large sea areas under provisions of the new maritime code, this has already stimulated
E.Because even tiny islets can be the basis for claims to the fisheries and oil fields of large sea areas under provisions of the new maritime code, which is already stimulating
答案B
c选项PREP上说原本的主句被改成了修饰成分,句子重心改变；stimulating逻辑主语成了tiny islets错误；由于前面是主系表结构，所以stimulating不做伴随结果状语，割裂前后因果关系；under provisions of the new maritime code错误修饰sea areas
是不是V+ing前面为主系表结构就不能表伴随作状语只能修饰主语？？？

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2011-8-16 15:31
stimulate就和result, mean这些词一样，是需要某一件事情“促使、导致、意味着”另一件事情，前面必须是事情，而不能是一个状态描述。另外，伴随状语必须和主句主语结合时有含义才正确，tiny islets和stimulating结合无含义。

作者: mongmong 时间: 2011-8-16 21:55

stimulate就和result, mean这些词一样，是需要某一件事情“促使、导致、意味着”另一件事情，前面必须是事情，而不能是一个状态描述。另外，伴随状语必须和主句主语结合时有含义才正确，tiny islets和stimulating结合无含义。

-- by 会员 aeoluseros (2011/8/16 15:31:05)

好的，明白鸟~~

作者: hwwxhxx 时间: 2011-8-31 23:48

-- by 会员 aeoluseros (2011/8/16 15:31:05)

问一下版主。。那PREP中所说的现在分词从来没有失去过做定语的功能，只是优先做伴随状语，怎么理解呢？也就是说分词放在句尾前面有逗号的时候，先看能不能做状语，如果能就对，如果不能，就看能不能做附近名词的定语，如果不能，就错？
马上要考试了，谢谢版主！

作者: virtuality 时间: 2011-9-18 00:47
The features of the floor of the Kasei Valles on Mars look just like those at the base of Antarctic ice streams, so it suggests that possibly it was flowing ice that carved the giant Martian channels previously attributed to cataclysmic floods.

(A) so it suggests that possibly it was flowing ice that
(B) a suggestion that flowing ice may have
(C) to suggest flowing ice as possibly having
(D) suggesting that flowing ice may have
(E) which is suggestive of flowing ice having possibly

肯定要搭配主语make sense的，看上题，答案是D，前面是绝对的主系表结构吧，look绝对的系动词，所以Ron大神的解释是绝对给力的！！

作者: clairexuan9 时间: 2012-4-1 09:26
在看prep 语法笔记，发现，如果是主系表结构，后面跟着ing形式，那么ing 是可以修饰主句的主语的！但是不可以做伴随或者神马的，因为主系表结构本身就表示的一种状态。所以楼上的，suggesting 是跟着主语the features of the floor..的

Prep上的题：

2)   如果前面是主系表结构，由于系动词是一个状态不存在“被伴随”，但是V-ing结构依然修饰的是整个主系表结构，所以后面的V-ing结构也可以被解读为修饰前面的名词成分—主语（如果宾语是名词，也一同修饰，因为主系表结构中主语和宾语所指是同一事物--见OG10-39, OG11-24中对正确选项C的解释）。
例：OG10-39 For members of the seventeenth-century Ashanti nation in Africa, animal-hide shields with wooden frames were essential items of military equipment, a method to protect warriors against enemy arrows and spears.
A.   a method to protect
B.   as a method protecting
C.   protecting
D.   as a protection of
E.   to protect

这里清楚地写到是解释主语，所以我觉得主系表就不用考虑宾语名词的是神马了，因为主语和宾语是同一事物，所以主系表，ing直接修饰的就是主句主语 =】

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