标题: GWD-18-Q9看到现在也没有看到合理的解释，急求NN指导 [打印本页] 作者: xiaoxiaomi 时间: 2011-4-30 17:22 标题: GWD-18-Q9看到现在也没有看到合理的解释，急求NN指导 The term “episodic memory” was introduced by Tulving to refer to what he considered a uniquely human capacity—the ability to recollect specific past events, to travel back into the past in one’s own mind—as distinct from the capacity simply to use information acquired through past experiences. Subsequently, Clayton et al. developed criteria to test for episodic memory in animals. According to these criteria, episodic memories are not of individual bits of information; they involve multiple components of a single event “bound” together. Clayton sought to examine evidence of scrub jays’ accurate memory of “what,” “where,” and “when” information and their binding of this information. In the wild, these birds store food for retrieval later during periods of food scarcity. Clayton’s experiment required jays to remember the type, location, and freshness of stored food based on a unique learning event. Crickets were stored in one location and peanuts in another. Jays prefer crickets, but crickets degrade more quickly. Clayton’s birds switched their preference from crickets to peanuts once the food had been stored for a certain length of time, showing that they retain information about the what, the where, and the when. Such experiments cannot, however, reveal whether the birds were reexperiencing the past when retrieving the information. Clayton acknowledged this by using the term “episodic-like” memory.
9. GWD-18-Q9
It can be inferred that the author of the passage and Clayton would both agree that
A. the food preferences of the scrub jays in Clayton’s experiment are difficult to explain
B. the presence of episodic memory cannot be inferred solely on the basis of observable behavior
C. Clayton’s experiment demonstrated that scrub jays do not reexperience the past but do exhibit episodic-like memory
D. Tulving substantially underestimated the ability of animals to bind different kinds of information
E. Clayton’s experiment had certain fundamental design flaws that make it difficult to draw any conclusions about scrub jay’s memories
我选的D，解释下D为什么不对，B为什么对，怎么得到的？
作者: 纳丁Cat 时间: 2011-5-8 15:41
顶，我也不懂作者: 凌晨不想长大 时间: 2011-5-9 19:51
不选D,貌似showing that they retain information about the what, the where, and the when. 说明动物是可以bind different kinds of information的； 选B是因为： Such experiments cannot, however, reveal whether the birds were reexperiencing the past when retrieving the information. Clayton acknowledged this by using the term “episodic-like” memory 同义复述吧作者: bitterbeauty 时间: 2011-10-10 22:30
Tulving claims the theory of “episodic memory"-----a uniquely human capacity—the ability to recollect specific past events, to travel back into the past in one’s own mind. Clayton’s experiment just prove “episodic-like” memory. 他们两的观点并没有矛盾之处。T提到episodic memory 是人独有的，没有说动物不具有binding information的能力