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标题: Prep一道纠结的题目，求指点～ [打印本页]

作者: wjk 时间: 2011-4-17 19:55
标题: Prep一道纠结的题目，求指点～
182.(32026-!-item-!-188;#058&006326)

The organic food industry has organized a successful grassroots campaign—using Web sites, public meetings, and also mass mailings—that have convinced the Department of Agriculture to change the proposed federal regulations for organically grown food.

A. using Web sites, public meetings, and also mass mailings—that have convinced

B. using Web sites, public meetings, and mass mailings—that has convinced

C. by using Web sites, public meetings, and mass mailings—in convincing

D. by the use of Web sites, public meetings, as well as mass mailings—that convinced

E. which used Web sites, public meetings, and mass mailings—in convincing
答案：C
想请问一下：（1）加不加by有没有区别（2）In convincing的表述错在哪里
求高手指点，感激不尽！！！

作者: lonelyorchid 时间: 2011-4-18 10:43
此题第一个应该排除的就是C & E，campaign for/against/to都对，唯独in doing错

A, 主谓一致错
D, by错
by 表示方式、方法，修饰主句谓语；破折号表示说明，和by意思重复。其次从句时态错，主句已经完成时了……

作者: wjk 时间: 2011-4-18 11:57
原来如此，明白了，谢谢！！！
（之前答案写错了答案是B）

作者: 幸运四叶草 时间: 2011-10-20 00:11

作者: 幸运四叶草 时间: 2011-10-20 18:26

作者: 幸运四叶草 时间: 2011-10-20 22:16

作者: 幸运四叶草 时间: 2011-10-21 17:57

作者: 幸运四叶草 时间: 2011-10-21 22:29

作者: 幸运四叶草 时间: 2011-10-22 00:25

作者: 幸运四叶草 时间: 2011-10-23 22:19

作者: 幸运四叶草 时间: 2011-10-24 13:50

作者: egoislwlv 时间: 2011-10-24 17:23

182.(32026-!-item-!-188;#058&006326)

The organic food industry has organized a successful grassroots campaign—using Web sites, public meetings, and also mass mailings—that have convinced the Department of Agriculture to change the proposed federal regulations for organically grown food.

A. using Web sites, public meetings, and also mass mailings—that have convinced

B. using Web sites, public meetings, and mass mailings—that has convinced

C. by using Web sites, public meetings, and mass mailings—in convincing

D. by the use of Web sites, public meetings, as well as mass mailings—that convinced

E. which used Web sites, public meetings, and mass mailings—in convincing
答案：C
想请问一下：（1）加不加by有没有区别（2）In convincing的表述错在哪里
求高手指点，感激不尽！！！

-- by 会员 wjk (2011/4/17 19:55:13)

这道题依然是语义方面的问题。

首先根据主谓一致的原则排除A

其次C 和E项中的in convincing错。
拿掉破折号中间的插入成分，我们得到了 Food industry has organized a successful campaign in convincing...
但是根据文意，我们可以推断campaign, （运动，造势）是convince的逻辑主语。
而in convincing 的结构表示的是，有机食品工业组织了造势活动，这个’组织‘的动作状态有 'convincing' 这个动作的伴随，或者是成果。
而不是直接表达campaign 的作用是'convince', 是后者的逻辑主语
排除C E

其次 using 和 by the use, 以及 by using，有重要的语义差别：

换个例子：
A: I passed the exam, using the pan borrowed from my roomate.

B: I passed the exam, by using the pan borrowed from my roomate

C: I passed the exam, by the use of the pan borrowed from my roomate.

明显A是合情合理的，using动宾结构，充当状语表示方式，但是使用室友的钢笔和通过考试，没有直接的逻辑联系，只是一种伴随关系。

而B和C中的by结构同样也是方式状语，但是表达的意思却是，通过使用室友的钢笔，我通过了考试。这种逻辑是诡异的。
从例子中我们可以看出：By结构的含义是：主句动作的完成，依靠了by后面引出的一种方式。

回到原题，有机食品工业造势活动，websites, public meetings是其的一部分，但是不能说造势活动完全依靠这些方式来~~进行的~~获得成功的。
加上by之后给using websites, public meetings, mass mails和造势成功之间添加了直接的逻辑联系。不合情理。

所以排除D

作者: 幸运四叶草 时间: 2011-10-24 23:11

作者: 幸运四叶草 时间: 2011-10-26 03:15

作者: 幸运四叶草 时间: 2011-10-26 17:08

作者: sss555222111 时间: 2011-10-26 20:32
use 和by 都是用的意思，是重复的

作者: egoislwlv 时间: 2011-10-26 22:32

use 和by 都是用的意思，是重复的

-- by 会员 sss555222111 (2011/10/26 20:32:40)

您可以参考上面的我做的回复（#11，也就是第十二楼）

本题的考点在于 using 和 by the use, 以及 by using，之间的语义差别：
by the use of, 或者 by using, 表示主句的动作完成，是通过使用某种方式
using ... 则表示主句动作的完成，伴随着使用某种方式。
两者所引导的状语结构，和主句有不同的逻辑关系

作者: 幸运四叶草 时间: 2011-10-26 22:57

作者: egoislwlv 时间: 2011-10-26 23:06

OG CR49. Certain genetically modi?ed strains of maize produce a powerful natural insecticide. The insecticide occurs throughout the plant, including its pollen. Maize pollen is dispersed by the wind and frequently blows onto milkweed plants that grow near maize ?elds. Caterpillars of monarch butter?ies feed exclusively on milkweed leaves. When these caterpillars are fed milkweed leaves dusted with pollen from modi?ed maize plants, they die. Therefore, by using genetically modi?ed maize, farmers put monarch butter?ies at risk.
Which of the following would it be most useful to determine in order to evaluate the argument?

再帖一个OG的CR题，GMAC自己用的by using。。。

-- by 会员幸运四叶草 (2011/10/26 22:57:38)

赞！
也希望大家多多重视语义层面的问题，而不是纠结于by using, by the use of 到底合不合法的问题。

作者: 幸运四叶草 时间: 2011-10-27 00:47

作者: 酱子啊 时间: 2011-10-27 01:34

找到了一道类似题：
PREP 2旧 23. [OG原题，OG10-264]

Scientists believe that unlike the males of most species of moth, the male whistling moths of
Nambung, Australia, call female moths to them by the use of acoustical signals, but not olfactory
ones, and they attract their mates during the day, rather than at night.

(A) by the use of acoustical signals, but not olfactory ones, and they attract
(B) by the use of acoustical signals instead of using olfactory ones, and attracting
(C) by using acoustical signals, not using olfactory ones, and by attracting
(D) using acoustical signals, rather than olfactory ones, and attract
(E) using acoustical signals, but not olfactory ones, and attracting

答案是D，同样排除了by using这个用法（尽管通过句意也可以排除）
但是是否说明by 和use的用法重复呢？

期待NN讨论~

-- by 会员幸运四叶草 (2011/10/22 0:25:54)

BY是通过什么什么的方式，而这里并没有这层意思呢
我的理解

作者: 幸运四叶草 时间: 2011-10-28 15:49

作者: 幸运四叶草 时间: 2011-10-29 21:13

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