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标题: 求助OG-67 OG-117 [打印本页]
作者: maratderk    时间: 2011-3-25 21:53
标题: 求助OG-67 OG-117
1、OG-67   B 选项为什么不对呢？
2、OG-117    求题目的翻译啊，看不懂
谢谢
作者: maratderk    时间: 2011-3-25 23:09
67     Several industries have recently switched at least partly from older technologies powered by fossil fuels to new technologies powered by electricity. It is thus evident that less fossil fuel is being used as a result of the operations of these industries than would have been used if these industries had retained their older technologies.

Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the argument above

(A)Many of the industries that have switched at least partly to the new technologies have increased their output
(B)Less fossil fuel was used to manufacture the machinery employed in the new technologies than was originally used to manufacuture the machinery employed in the older technologies.
(C)More electricity is used by those industries that have switched at least partly to the new technologies than by those industries that have not switched.
(D)Some of the industries that have switched at least partly to the new technologies still use primarily technologies that are powered by fossil fuels.
(E)The amount of fossil fuel used to generate the electricity needed to power the new technologies is less than the amount that would have been used to power the older technologies.
作者: maratderk    时间: 2011-3-25 23:16
117     Scientists typically do their most creative work before the age of forty. It is commonly thought that this happens because aging by itself brings about a loss of creative capacity. However, studies show that of scientists who produce highly creative work beyond the age of forty, a disproportionately large number entered their field at an older age than is usual. Since by the age of forty the large majority of scientisets have been working in their field for at least fifteens years, the studies' finding strongly suggest that the real reason why scientists over forty rarely produce highly creative work is not that they have aged but rather that scientists over forty have generally spent too long in their field
作者: sdcar2010    时间: 2011-3-26 00:22
GWD5-Q20:

Scientists typically do their most creative work before the age of forty.It is commonly thought that this happens because aging by itself brings about a loss of creative capacity.However, studies show that a disproportionately large number of the scientists who produce highly creative work beyond the age of forty entered their field at an older age than is usual.Since by the age of forty the large majority of scientists have been working in their field for at least fifteen years, the studies’ finding strongly suggests that the real reason why scientists over forty rarely produce highly creative work is not that they have simply aged but rather that they generally have spent too long in a given field.

In the argument given, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?

A.The first is the position that the argument as a whole opposes; the second is an objection that has been raised against a position defended in the argument.

B.The first is a claim that has been advanced in support of a position that the argument opposes; the second is a finding that has been used in support of that position.

C.The first is an explanation that the argument challenges; the second is a finding that has been used in support of that explanation.

D.The first is an explanation that the argument challenges; the second is a finding on which that challenge is based.

E.The first is an explanation that the argument defends; the second is a finding that has been used to challenge that explanation.
作者: sdcar2010    时间: 2011-3-26 00:24
Known fact 1 : Scientists typically do their most creative work before the age of forty. Creative work --> mostly done before 40.

First bold face : aging by itself brings about a loss of creative capacity. Translation: aging --> loss of creativity.  This claim is used to explain the known fact 1.

Known fact 2 (second bold face): a disproportionately large number of the scientists who produce highly creative work beyond the age of forty entered their field at an older age than is usual.  Translation : still creative after 40 --> most entered the field later than the norm. This finding puts doubt on the "aging after 40" hypothesis since it provides another explanation to known fact 1 : The longer you work in a given field, the harder you will produce creative work.  In other words, the author hints that creative work has to be done within a given time frame ( about 15 years ) after one enters the field. After that, creative work is unlikely to happen.

Combined together, the first bold face is the part that the author challenges; the second bold face is the part that the author uses as evidence to make the challenge. Answer D is right.
作者: Arsenfan    时间: 2011-3-27 21:33
Known fact 1 : Scientists typically do their most creative work before the age of forty. Creative work --> mostly done before 40.

First bold face : aging by itself brings about a loss of creative capacity. Translation: aging --> loss of creativity.  This claim is used to explain the known fact 1.

Known fact 2 (second bold face): a disproportionately large number of the scientists who produce highly creative work beyond the age of forty entered their field at an older age than is usual.  Translation : still creative after 40 --> most entered the field later than the norm. This finding puts doubt on the "aging after 40" hypothesis since it provides another explanation to known fact 1 : The longer you work in a given field, the harder you will produce creative work.  In other words, the author hints that creative work has to be done within a given time frame ( about 15 years ) after one enters the field. After that, creative work is unlikely to happen.

Combined together, the first bold face is the part that the author challenges; the second bold face is the part that the author uses as evidence to make the challenge. Answer D is right.
-- by 会员 sdcar2010 (2011/3/26 0:24:15)

答案给的是E诶，这道题把我逼的给他完整的翻译了一边才想明白的，对BOLDFACE题一直很无奈。SDCAR的分析很精彩，佩服你简化信息的能力！我对题意的理解是，科学家在某一领域的工作期间的高产年限只有大概15年，就算半路出家40左右入行也照样有可以有大概15年的高产期。入行15年后基本就都江郎才尽了。     注： 个人理解，求批判。
作者: sdcar2010    时间: 2011-3-27 21:56
E is totally wrong. The first BF is a statement the author tries to refute, not to defend.
作者: maratderk    时间: 2011-3-27 22:36
谢谢各位哈  还求67题啊
作者: sdcar2010    时间: 2011-3-27 22:40
For 67, EEEEEEEEEEEe

A real life example: Prius is a hybrid car which uses less gas than conventional vehicles. People label it as a Green Automobile. However, Prius is powered by electricity. If the electricity it requires produc3w more harmful pollutant than when using gas, Prius is not a GREEN vehicle as we think it is.
作者: maratderk    时间: 2011-3-27 23:10
但是我觉得B不是更直接的说新的比旧的用FUEL少吗
作者: sdcar2010    时间: 2011-3-27 23:15
The key is the conclusion deals with "as a result of the operations of these industries." That is, using electricity as the power source would consume less fossil fuel. OPERATION has nothing to do with the original manufacture means or fuel consumption.
作者: maratderk    时间: 2011-3-28 23:27
也就是说这是个无关选项呗。谢了
作者: sdcar2010    时间: 2011-3-29 05:54
但是我觉得B不是更直接的说新的比旧的用FUEL少吗
-- by 会员 maratderk (2011/3/27 23:10:36)



The devil is in the details. B talks about fossil fuels used during the MANUFACTURE of the machine. The conclusion is about fossil fuels USED during the OPERATION of the machine in another factory. It is possible that there is no fossil fuel used during manufacture of a new machine, but the new machine made might be a gas guzzler during operation.
作者: RayGT    时间: 2011-3-29 06:16
B是说造用电的机器所用的油，比造用油的机器所用的油少。 但是机器有了之后的运作用油呢？这才是大头。

这题ETS的逻辑是这样的 （A-》B）：
把用油的改成用电的 -》 用的油就少了。

这个命题有个弱点就是电哪里来？电也要用油来产生。 比如说本来1单位油能生产一双袜子，现在改成用电的，1单位电能生产一双袜子，但产生1单位电要用2单位油，这样是不是用得油反而多了？ （这个弱点还可以出一题就是问你哪项削弱了论点）

选项E正好弥补了这个弱点。
作者: maratderk    时间: 2011-3-30 18:39
谢谢了



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