The figure in portraits by the Spanish painter El Greco (1541-1614) are systematically elongated. In El Greco's tie, the intentional distortion of human figures was unprecedented in European painting. Consequently, some critics have suggested that El Greco had an astigmatism, a type of visual impairment, that resulted in people appearing to him in the distorted way that is characteristic of his paintings. However, this suggestion cannot be the explanation, because_______.
(A) several twentieth-century artists have consciously adopted from El Greco's paintings the systematic elongation of the human form
(B) some people do have elongated bodies somewhat like those depicted in El Greco's portraits
(C) if El Greco had an astigmatism, then, relative to how people looked to him, the elongated figures in his paintings would have appeared to him to be distorted
(D) even if El Greco had an astigmatism, there would have been no correction for it available in the period in which he lived
(E) there were non-European artists, even in El Greco's time, who included in their works human figures that were intentionally distorted
答案是C。实在是看不懂书后答案的解释。望高人指点。作者: violetrq 时间: 2010-12-16 09:44
我记得这题就是说题目认为他会按照他看得画下来，他画出来的样子就是画家眼中的样子（加长了的），C说但如果他看东西都是加长了的话，那么他看自己的画也是加长的，即他会认为自己画的不符合自己看到的样子作者: sdcar2010 时间: 2010-12-16 09:55
The logic is the following: Some critics suggest that the painter had a weird disease which caused people appearing to the painter in a distorted way as shown in the paintings. The author disagrees on the ground that if the painter had that disease and the figures he drew in his painting is what the painter SAW in his diseased state, then these figures would appear abnormal to the painter.
To put it another way, the critics says that an object A (normal) will appear as B (distorted) in the painter's eyes. That's perfectly fine. However, when the painter draw that B (distorted) in his eyes onto the canvas as figures C in his painting, C should look more like A than like B because in the painter's eyes, the images of both A and C are the same! So figures in his painting would still appear normal (to normal people) even if the painter had that terrible disease. The normal figures in thess paintings would also appear "normal" to the painter's eyes, although these figures might be "distorted" in the normal sense!
That said, the distorted figures in his painting must be distorted in the painter's eyes and in a normal persone's eyes if we assume the painter drew whatever he observed.作者: sun2046 时间: 2011-1-19 18:25
good job, thanks.作者: waiting1 时间: 2011-8-5 08:24
“C should look more like A than like B because in the painter's eyes, the images of both A and C are the same! So figures in his painting would still appear normal (to normal people) even if the painter had that terrible disease. ” can't understand this part...
OG says in reasoning: if astigmatism were the explanation, then the elongated images in his pic should have appeared to EG to be too long: he would have perceived the images as longer than they actually are - and therefore as inaccurate representations of what he perceived. OG says in choice C: EG would have perceived the images of people in his paintings as too long, relative to his perception of the people themselves. This means that even if EG did have astigmatism, that factor would not provide an answer to the Q: why did EG paint images that he knew were distorted?
我对og解释的理解是（如同#1说的）：假设有一真人=1米，EG看到这个真人时觉得是1.2米（由于A病）。然后EG作画。但当EG再看他的画时，又由于A病，EG会觉得他画里的人是1.4米，这个1.4米明显就和EG看到的1.2米矛盾，所以就形成了why did EG paint images that he knew were distorted?的质疑。 但NN说“C should look more like A than like B because in the painter's eyes, the images of both A and C are the same! ”，理解不能。。。need help. thanks a lot！作者: sdcar2010 时间: 2011-8-5 12:05
What #1 said and what I said are simply two different angles of the same argument.
The opposing opinion is: the elongated figures in the painting were results of the disease state EG, meaning the painter draw an elongated figure because that is what appears in his eyes due to the disease.
What I was saying was that if the painter had EG, when he draw a pict ureof a model through his diseased eyes, the picture of the model should still look normal to a normal person's eyes because "through the painter's eyes" both the model and the picture thereof are elongated to the same degree. To put it another way, the model was elongated to the same degree as the picture of the model in the painter's eyes.
The bottom line is: the elongated figure is ABNORMAL in the painter's eyes as well.作者: atlantis0724 时间: 2012-5-15 11:25 Thanks a lot作者: CFAlobster 时间: 2013-10-13 15:02
假设题， 正确答案显示有因有果或无因无果
Impairment cause distortion,
so if no impairment, then no distortion (But you can't assume this, because whatever author said is true)
OR
if there is impairment, then there is distortion.
Correct me if I am wrong.作者: kakadinho 时间: 2013-12-11 18:06
这道题好Tricky，首先是题干： CANNOT BE EXPLANATION, because___________
说明需要的是很strong & logical的理由，才能说CANNOT BE。而B和E只是提到了另外的可能，充其量作用是让原观点 may not be explanation.
正确答案确实C，但个人认为OG这个题解释的很糟糕，OG tells：
EI Greco would have perceived the images of people in his paintings as too long,
relative to his perception of the people themselves. This means that even if El Greco did have
astigmatism, that factor would not provide an answer to the question: Why did El Greco paint
images that he knew were distorted? 翻译一下：就好比他看人一样，他看自己画里的人像也会拉长，这就是说，即使他有这个病，这个因素也无法解释这个问题：为什么他明知道扭曲的画也会去画？
这个解释糟糕在于：
1. 原文并没有说画家不能画自己明知道扭曲的画；
2. 其实如果El有病，在El 眼中，和任何别人眼中，他的画反而不会是扭曲的：
首先，原文提到systematically elongated, 假设放大倍数是1.2倍。假设他有病。
那一个1米的人，他会看成1.2米，但画出来肯定还是1米（因为他看人看画看什么都是放大，画成1米的，他就以为已经画成1.2米了，就和实际看那个人一样。相反，他不会画成1.2*1.2=1.44米，OG好像是这样想的，不过就像Ron说的，Official answer is always correct. however, official explanation is not.）所以，对El而言，如果他有那个眼病，他和其他所有人甚至都不知道这个事情，因为他画的就是原尺寸。但显然，critics批评了，显然别人觉得扭曲。与假设的推论矛盾。so假设错误，他没有病。
上述颜色部分，就是选项C在这个reasoning中的作用。 作者: Bradz 时间: 2016-10-29 12:59
这道题我还是不懂。
哥们，人和事物有啥区别呢，从成相原理来说都是对光的反射。是人还是事物在成像这个角度是没有区别的。人就是一个被观察的物。作者: RichardVeritas 时间: 2017-8-9 11:51
The figure in portraits by the Spanish painter El Greco (1541-1614) are systematically elongated. In El Greco's tie, the intentional distortion of human figures was unprecedented in European painting. Consequently, some critics have suggested that El Greco had an astigmatism, a type of visual impairment, that resulted in people appearing to him in the distorted way that is characteristic of his paintings. However, this suggestion cannot be the explanation, because_______.
(C) if El Greco had an astigmatism, then, relative to how people looked to him, the elongated figures in his paintings would have appeared to him to be distorted
这个题是够绕的，读了几遍才绕明白。
line of argument：
E画的人老是加长，怀疑是E眼睛有毛病（把人看长）。问题是反驳，说这不可能。
OG says in reasoning: if astigmatism were the explanation, then the elongated images in his pic should have appeared to EG to be too long: he would have perceived the images as longer than they actually are - and therefore as inaccurate representations of what he perceived.
说的就是如果他把1.8米的人画1.9米，画中人在他眼里就高过1.9米了, 就超出了他认知的人的高度（实际1.8米，认知1.9米）。
OG says in choice C: EG would have perceived the images of people in his paintings as too long, relative to his perception of the people themselves.
同样是说，如果因为眼睛病，他把人画长了，那画中的人在他眼里会比他认知的人高度更长
This means that even if EG did have astigmatism, that factor would not provide an answer to the Q: why did EG paint images that he knew were distorted?
如果这样假设, 在他眼里画中的人比他大脑认知的人高度更长，那这个画法对他来说就是distorted, 那问题还是不能解释他为什么要画distorted.
Thanks a lot