天山T-3-Q21 的分析之“功不能抵过”
重新发此题讨论帖。如果版主觉得不合适可以转到原题讨论帖
Q21: Driving the steep road to the mountaintop Inca ruins of Machu Picchu is potentially dangerous and hiking there is difficult. Now the Peruvian government is installing a cable car that will make access much easier, and hence result in a large increase in tourism. However, since the presence of large numbers of tourists tends to accelerate the deterioration of a site, installation of the cable car is certain to result in harm to the ruins. Which of the following, if true, most seriously calls into question the argument?
前提： 安装cable会导致旅游的人数增加。
结论: presence of large numbers of tourists --> accelerate the damage
这里的结论仅仅是为了说明安装cable会加速环境破坏。
A. The daily number of tourists that are expected to take the cable car to Machu Piccu is smaller than the original resident population of Incas.(少说明不了任何问题：上海有1700万人口，如果旅游者有1699万人依然会造成加速污染）
B. The construction of the cable car terminal at Machu Picchu will require the use of potentially damaging heavy machinery at the site.
C. Machu Picchu is already one of the most popular tourist sites in Peru. (削弱前提即缆车的增加不会增加游客数。C的瑕疵在于C削弱的成立还需要一个underlying assumption：即这个地方足够most popular，人数不会显著增加）
D. Natural weathering will continue to be a more significant cause of the deterioration of Machu Picchu than tourist traffic. （一个人不能因为杀了人就说他偷窃不犯法：他因造成的污染再大不能削弱“cable--> 人数增加 -->加速damage”)
E. The cable car will replace the tour buses whose large wheels and corrosive exhaust at present do significant damage to the site. （功不能抵过：安装缆车的确能减少某些污染，但是不能对“加速”造成有利削弱:因为功可能不抵过，且也无法削弱“cable--> 人数增加 -->加速damage”）
CABLE CAR 如上 补充！！！！
-- by 会员 water_st (2010/11/2 16:57:40)
