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标题: [求助]请大家帮忙看看这两道GWD题的区别(GWD-24-Q20 vs GWD7-Q4) [打印本页]

作者: elaineyll    时间: 2010-9-24 18:04
标题: [求助]请大家帮忙看看这两道GWD题的区别(GWD-24-Q20 vs GWD7-Q4)
GWD-24-Q 20:




According to a 1996 survey by the National Association of College andUniversity Business Officers, more than three times as many independentinstitutions of higher education charge tuition and fees of under $8,000 ayear than those that charge over $16,000.





A.than those that charge
B.than are charging
C.than to charge
D.as charge
E.as those charging

答案E,可是当我看过GWD7-Q4后,就不知道D为什么错了(D能不能理解为比较对象后者的主语被省略呢),恳请NN点拨~~~
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GWD7-Q4:

Only seven people this century have been killed by the great white shark, the man-eater of the movies—less than those killed by bee stings.

A.
movies—less than those
B.movies—fewer than have been
C.movies, which is less than those
D.movies, a number lower than the people
E.movies, fewer than the ones

答案B. E is wrong...

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作者: 魏小妞要出国    时间: 2010-10-5 14:59
我的理解是这样的:
一、SC总纲,是选优(可以理解成选择错误率最小的)
二、首先看GWD-7-Q4,用less和few以及比较对象要对等等绝对错误指标可以排除ACD,剩下BE
三、最重要的做题步骤,比较选项~!BE最大的差距在于两个地方,逗号/括折号,the ones。括折号的用法我不是很清楚,因此先不考虑这个语法点,看the ones,最基本的语法规则,定冠词the 指代前面提到的名词,那么前面提到的复数名词就只有7个被鲨鱼杀的人,这个选项就将原句的意思替换成这些个人又被鲨鱼杀,又被蜜蜂蛰,逻辑没有问题,这些人确实在现实生活中可能那么倒霉,但是SC的总纲二,不改变作者的原意,所以这个地方不正确,怎么判断出作者的原意呢,同样通过比较选项,在你无法判断A的逻辑是否能够阐明作者的观点的时候,用“从多”原则,看5个选项哪些表达是多的,就是正确答案应该表达的,这个地方从其余4个选项我们可以明显读出,这些人没有即被鲨鱼杀,又被蜜蜂蛰。所以最后只能选B
四、如果要从语法的使用规则角度来解释B和E答案,会显得冗余很多,我试试看哈,不知道说的对不对
首先我们看第一部分已经给了一个分句了,而第一部分和第二部分之间我们没有看到连词,说明了第二部分不能是一个完整的句子
那么这个地方我们该怎么去理解呢,由于第二部分开头的是一个名词(马上应该想到同位结构),即是the man-eater 同位鲨鱼,如果是E选项,那么两个逗号将the man-eater  of movies隔开,最后导致了fewer是说的鲨鱼,而非人,因此不正确。
而B中的括折号则有解释的作用,表明在这个the man-eater  of movies里面有fewer的人被蜜蜂蛰,省略了相同的主语
五、也正因为这个语法现象引出了你对GWD24-Q20的疑问
关于此题,通过as as搭配我们可以排除ABC,剩下DE比较
此题在GWD解析上有标注,DE两个答案是争议答案
我的理解谁更优就是看谁的错误率更低,这个地方我们且不论比较的时候主语究竟可不可以省略(其实是可以的,从GWD7-Q4我们能知道,从In XX war, 4 times as many American were killed as would be later killed in YY war这句话也能知道),E答案当中补出了those,虽然说补出可能更清楚,但是这个地方的补出会造成歧义,因为它也有可能指代fees,所以不选E
作者: eshopaholic    时间: 2010-10-5 16:05
GWD-24-Q 20:

According to a 1996 survey by the National Association of College andUniversity Business Officers, more than three times as many independentinstitutions of higher education charge tuition and fees of under $8,000 ayear than those that charge over $16,000.

A.than those that charge
B.than are charging
C.than to charge
D.as charge
E.as those charging

感觉选D, as 作关系代词。 比如
He eat as many oranges as are available.    As many students go to college as stay at home.  

如果要选E ,应该是个there be 句型吧
There are as many institutes charing under $10,000 as those charging over $16,000
charing $... 作为一个修饰的成分

请高人指点下呀
作者: 魏小妞要出国    时间: 2010-10-5 19:37
GWD-24-Q 20:

According to a 1996 survey by the National Association of College andUniversity Business Officers, more than three times as many independentinstitutions of higher education charge tuition and fees of under $8,000 ayear than those that charge over $16,000.

A.than those that charge
B.than are charging
C.than to charge
D.as charge
E.as those charging

感觉选D, as 作关系代词。 比如
He eat as many oranges as are available.    As many students go to college as stay at home.  

如果要选E ,应该是个there be 句型吧
There are as many institutes charing under $10,000 as those charging over $16,000
charing $... 作为一个修饰的成分

请高人指点下呀
-- by 会员 eshopaholic (2010/10/5 16:05:30)



为什么如果选E,就应该是个there be句型呢~?those这个地方不会产生歧义么~?可以指代 fees 的吧~~所以就歧义了
作者: elaineyll    时间: 2010-10-6 16:51
谢谢魏小妞,洋洋洒洒写了这么多,实在是感动啊~~~谢谢!

离发帖有段时日了,重新回来看这两道题,有一些新的体会,想和大家分享:

GWD-24-Q 20  institutions of higher education 的这道题,当时我看了鲨鱼吃人那道题的答案后瞅不出D为什么错了,其实鲨鱼那题的few than have been和高等教育这题的as charge还是有差别的:可以省略比较对象留下助动词,但是不能省略比较对象单留下动词,注意助动词和动词的区别!如果是动词的情况下,还是要用that/those + 现在/过去分词来表述,免得引起as charge这样给人感觉语法错误的表达。

GWD7-Q4 鲨鱼吃人这道题,其实最关键的错误在于the ones,但是the ones为什么错,我认为是这样的:在Prep中前人不止一次留下memo(例如143题)说,“One/ones 用以避免重复可数名词,在正式谈话或书面语中,不应使用。” 也就是说在GMAT/书面语中该用those的时候不能拿the ones来替代,这点很重要。以前有个讨论帖,回复得很风趣,说the ones是完全指代那7个人,而他们不见得又被鲨鱼咬又被蜜蜂蜇吧,很多TX都接受了那个说法,但个人认为那个解释虽然风趣,但语法上却是站不住脚的,如果the ones真可以指代什么,语法、语义上都只可能指代(people) killed by bee stings,而不可能指代那7个被鲨鱼咬死的人。

open to discussion

作者: aeoluseros    时间: 2010-10-6 20:14
elaineyll, 7-Q4里面killed没有被划线进来,它也算是全部补出了,不过我觉得have been killed其实是可以全部省略的。比较可以多补,不能少补,也就是无歧义原则凌驾于累赘原则。plus, as/than后面可以省去主语是因为as和than都可以做"代词",同时又是连词。所以as指代了前面的主语,主语就就不必重复补出了
作者: aeoluseros    时间: 2010-10-6 20:29
五、也正因为这个语法现象引出了你对GWD24-Q20的疑问
关于此题,通过as as搭配我们可以排除ABC,剩下DE比较
此题在GWD解析上有标注,DE两个答案是争议答案
我的理解谁更优就是看谁的错误率更低,这个地方我们且不论比较的时候主语究竟可不可以省略(其实是可以的,从GWD7-Q4我们能知道,从In XX war, 4 times as many American were killed as would be later killed in YY war这句话也能知道),E答案当中补出了those,虽然说补出可能更清楚,但是这个地方的补出会造成歧义,因为它也有可能指代fees,所以不选E
-- by 会员 魏小妞要出国 (2010/10/5 14:59:59)


嗯,好思路,不过those不会指代fees,E若错就是错在changing的形式。
作者: elaineyll    时间: 2010-10-6 21:27
五、也正因为这个语法现象引出了你对GWD24-Q20的疑问
关于此题,通过as as搭配我们可以排除ABC,剩下DE比较
此题在GWD解析上有标注,DE两个答案是争议答案
我的理解谁更优就是看谁的错误率更低,这个地方我们且不论比较的时候主语究竟可不可以省略(其实是可以的,从GWD7-Q4我们能知道,从In XX war, 4 times as many American were killed as would be later killed in YY war这句话也能知道),E答案当中补出了those,虽然说补出可能更清楚,但是这个地方的补出会造成歧义,因为它也有可能指代fees,所以不选E
-- by 会员 魏小妞要出国 (2010/10/5 14:59:59)



嗯,好思路,不过those不会指代fees,E若错就是错在changing的形式。
-- by 会员 aeoluseros (2010/10/6 20:29:38)



谢谢版主

可以理解those不会指代fees, 下面我clarify一下哈,版主的意思是不是说:

E中的现在分词形式charging和前面的比较对象动词形式charge不平行所以有问题?

类似的也可以这样来看鲨鱼那道题:因为killed在划线范围外,考虑到前:people have been killed by the shark(动词形式)与后:the ones killled by bee stings(过去分词形式)不平行,因此不能选E,而要选补全了的B: fewer than have been。
作者: elaineyll    时间: 2010-10-6 21:30
如果是这样的话,GWD-24-Q 20答案就是D喽
作者: aeoluseros    时间: 2010-10-7 00:44
可以理解those不会指代fees, 下面我clarify一下哈,版主的意思是不是说:

E中的现在分词形式charging和前面的比较对象动词形式charge不平行所以有问题?

如果是这样的话,GWD-24-Q 20答案就是D喽
-- by 会员 elaineyll (2010/10/6 21:27:04)



嗯,对的
作者: aeoluseros    时间: 2010-10-7 00:54
GWD-24-Q 20:

According to a 1996 survey by the National Association of College andUniversity Business Officers, more than three times as many independentinstitutions of higher education charge tuition and fees of under $8,000 ayear than those that charge over $16,000.

A.than those that charge
B.than are charging
C.than to charge
D.as charge
E.as those charging

感觉选D, as 作关系代词。 比如
He eat as many oranges as are available.    As many students go to college as stay at home.  

如果要选E ,应该是个there be 句型吧
There are as many institutes charging under $10,000 as those charging over $16,000
charing $... 作为一个修饰的成分

请高人指点下呀
-- by 会员 eshopaholic (2010/10/5 16:05:30)


嗯,对的,不过there be句型与as...as搭配的时候通常补出there are.
如:153.A recent United States Census Bureau report shows that there are more than three times as many households where the children and grandchildren are living in their grandparents' home as there are households where the grandparents are living in their children's or grandchildren's home.

作者: elaineyll    时间: 2010-10-7 09:40
受教了
作者: angela7258    时间: 2010-11-10 11:24
支持 GWD-24-Q20 D 选项!
作者: sdcar2010    时间: 2010-11-10 11:40
I would go with answer E.
作者: yuicecold    时间: 2010-11-16 15:08
怎么看怎么觉得GWD7-Q4中的b别扭,我用b把句子简单化出来:Only seven people have been killed by the great white shark fewer than have been killed by bee stings.  fewer than后的比较从句就省略了主语,但只有当比较从句的主语与主句的主语相同时,比较从句的主句才能省略,这么说来,b中既然省略了比较从句的主语,即认定其主语与主句相同,为seven people,那最后的结果就是用被大白鲨吃的这7个人与被蜜蜂蛰的同样7个人作比较,这样岂不是违背原句意思吗?
哪位高人再给讲解讲解,E中的the ones是不是可以只指代people,而不特指seven people

作者: alex2610    时间: 2010-12-8 16:30
怎么看怎么觉得GWD7-Q4中的b别扭,我用b把句子简单化出来:Only seven people have been killed by the great white shark fewer than have been killed by bee stings.  fewer than后的比较从句就省略了主语,但只有当比较从句的主语与主句的主语相同时,比较从句的主句才能省略,这么说来,b中既然省略了比较从句的主语,即认定其主语与主句相同,为seven people,那最后的结果就是用被大白鲨吃的这7个人与被蜜蜂蛰的同样7个人作比较,这样岂不是违背原句意思吗?
哪位高人再给讲解讲解,E中的the ones是不是可以只指代people,而不特指seven people
-- by 会员 yuicecold (2010/11/16 15:08:07)


主要是后面还有一个movies会造成the ones指代不清,所以the ones用在这里不好 如果没有movies应该都可以指代,从句意上判断~~
作者: Raymond_GMAT    时间: 2011-3-6 22:30
争议题,还在继续。。。。。。
作者: cutenancymyn    时间: 2011-3-8 21:27
I would go with answer E.
-- by 会员 sdcar2010 (2010/11/10 11:40:08)



能解释一下你为什么选E嘛?
作者: cutenancymyn    时间: 2011-3-8 21:42
GWD-24-Q 20:

According to a 1996 survey by the National Association of College andUniversity Business Officers, more than three times as many independentinstitutions of higher education charge tuition and fees of under $8,000 ayear than those that charge over $16,000.

A.than those that charge
B.than are charging
C.than to charge
D.as charge
E.as those charging

感觉选D, as 作关系代词。 比如
He eat as many oranges as are available.    As many students go to college as stay at home.  

如果要选E ,应该是个there be 句型吧
There are as many institutes charing under $10,000 as those charging over $16,000
charing $... 作为一个修饰的成分

请高人指点下呀
-- by 会员 eshopaholic (2010/10/5 16:05:30)




为什么如果选E,就应该是个there be句型呢~?those这个地方不会产生歧义么~?可以指代 fees 的吧~~所以就歧义了
-- by 会员 魏小妞要出国 (2010/10/5 19:37:12)



如果选E的话 charging 这个分词是做什么成分呢?
作者: iloveus    时间: 2011-6-9 23:15
支持D

我觉得d更简洁啊,而且e中的charging的形式不对吧,对称结构中的词不是不能随意改变形式的吗
作者: sdcar2010    时间: 2011-6-10 00:28
E) those charging = those institutions which charge

d) as charge, have you seen a verb immediately follows the second "as" of the phrase "as ... as ..." in everyday English? If not, charge is a noun, which is odd in the example shown.
作者: nysen    时间: 2011-6-24 14:45
大家说的都很有道理啊!
作者: nysen    时间: 2011-6-28 10:38
up
作者: mudiduange    时间: 2011-8-1 18:31
选择E更好一点。
1、如果选择D

只有一个主语 independent institutions of higher education,那么句意可能变为:independent institutions of higher education收的fees在80000以下的数量是16000以上数量的5倍多,变成了宾语比较

2、E选项
those charging over 16000,和前面charge under 8000d对应,清晰。之后后面用了省略式,按照主语比较原则,为便面歧义,主谓宾全的句型应补足谓语,但本题后面补足charging也能满足没有歧义的需要。
作者: 200814005    时间: 2011-9-19 15:10
选择E更好一点。
1、如果选择D

只有一个主语 independent institutions of higher education,那么句意可能变为:independent institutions of higher education收的fees在80000以下的数量是16000以上数量的5倍多,变成了宾语比较

2、E选项
those charging over 16000,和前面charge under 8000d对应,清晰。之后后面用了省略式,按照主语比较原则,为便面歧义,主谓宾全的句型应补足谓语,但本题后面补足charging也能满足没有歧义的需要。
-- by 会员 mudiduange (2011/8/1 18:31:44)

豁然开朗。
作者: Gabywong    时间: 2011-12-3 09:23
有没有人解释一下为什么household后面可以加Where,不是说在GMAT里面只可以前面是地点的嘛?我知道前面有,但还是很困惑。
作者: wangjieava23    时间: 2012-4-17 14:11
E) those charging = those institutions which charge

d) as charge, have you seen a verb immediately follows the second "as" of the phrase "as ... as ..." in everyday English? If not, charge is a noun, which is odd in the example shown.
-- by 会员 sdcar2010 (2011/6/10 0:28:52)



解决不少问题呢。谢谢
作者: onion76    时间: 2013-1-29 00:36
楼上的说法有一点忽略了,省略的必须可补出。E选项无法补出,所以不能选。而D选项省略了相同的主语,这样才突出了真正比较的地方,即over 16000 和below 8000
作者: Cambridgen    时间: 2013-4-28 15:49
看讨论贴受教不少呢,prefer E
作者: kikiff8    时间: 2014-12-9 00:26
goes for E
比的是2类收费标准不同的学校,those必须补出,至于charging做定语修饰很正常




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