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标题: prep2008 -sc 语法笔记勘误、查漏专贴 [打印本页]

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2010-9-17 15:01
标题: prep2008 -sc 语法笔记勘误、查漏专贴
声明：为避免在可预见的未来GMAC再发布新版本的prep模考软件，在语法笔记的定名上就不再采用《新语法笔记》了，而改用《prep2008版语法笔记》。
笔记链接贴：
http://forum.chasedream.com/GMAT_SC/thread-484446-1-1.html

从09年11月启动，至今跨度10个月的prep2008版语法笔记终于在纠结与曲折中杀青。
虽已尽最大努力去做，但由于能力精力上存在极大的限制，最为忙碌的一年里一点点挤出时间，使得10个月压缩出的成果依然难幸免于营养不良 -- 它需要更多的维生素营养品。
故诚邀各位语法笔记的看官们，一起参与语法笔记堪漏活动中来，为自己解惑的同时，更多地为了后来人把这条路铺得更平坦、回馈是即便不是最美好的事情，也是非常能攒人品的事情，不是吗？

查漏的题目列表将在一楼列出。
语法笔记若有升级版本也将及时公布。

PS：本帖就尽量不水啦~
大家要水来这里：
http://forum.chasedream.com/GMAT_SC/thread-484446-1-1.html

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2010-9-17 15:01
查漏列表：
2011年 05月04日 Version 2.02 prep 1-229补充说明修正(in order to与to do区别)；prep 1-192 修正C选项对冒号使用的说明；修正prep 2-225补充说明(例题A选项给错了)；修正prep2-227 B选项解释(with intent to do与with the intent of doing) (感谢jaze，毛毛的臭脚丫与 hermione0527的建议)
2011年 04月02日 Version 2.01 prep 2-174 修正E选项解释；prep 1-235 修正B,C选项解释；prep 1-218 增加补充说明；prep 1-174 补充说明修正；prep 2-216 修正2-1)例句；更新prep 1-229补充说明(5)；prep 2-158补充类似题链接
2011年02月08日 Version 2.00 prep 1-172 增加"补充说明"；prep 1-173 修正E选项解释；prep 1-211 添加考点whereas，修正A,B,C选项解释；prep 1-213 修正B,E选项解释；prep 1-214 修正B,C,D,E解释；prep 2-163 修正A,C,D解释；prep 2-167 修正D解释；prep 2-173 修正B,D解释，添加"类似题链接"中的讨论；prep 2-198 修正B,C,D解释(感谢 windmaple， johnson1120 与 mofell 与的建议)
2011年01月09日 Version 1.09 prep 1-190改进E选项解释；prep 1-207增加补充说明“夹心修饰”；prep 1-216增加补充说明“OG12-18”；prep 1-217增加补充说明“none of用法”；prep 1-218改进E选项解释；prep 1-230修正C选项解释；prep 1-238修正补充说明中twice as...as用法；prep 1-240修正A选项解释；prep 2-192修正B选项解释；prep 2-222修正C,D,E选项解释；修正prep 2-227类似题链接A解释。（感谢 windmaple，家有懒猫与 kakadinho 的建议）
2010年11月30日 Version 1.08 Prep 1- 171增加补充说明2；prep 1-181增加补充说明6；prep 1-215修正D选项的解释；prep 2-175 修正E选项解释，添加补充说明2；（感谢 ryuu217， dxyl 与绿茶子的建议）
2010年11月7日 Version 1.07 prep 1-255 删去A选项中解释“has worked…in the past时态错误；prep 2-152 新增关于squiting modifier和dangling modifier的定义”；prep 2-188 删去A选项中解释“possiblity不能与for搭配”。Prep1-212 D选项是"A is X times more likely to happen than is B"解释中删去第二个is，修正为"A is X times more likely to happen than B"；Prep1-216 修正E选项解释；Prep1-216 修正补充说明中than (few people省略)did [in the 1960’s and 1970’s]中的few； prep 1-220 修正A选项解释； Prep1-224中删去补充说明(与原题无关)；prep 1-252修正A选项解释； Prep 2-186 修正B,D选项解释 (感谢 tinnashen 与 bowow 的建议)
2010年10月28日 Version 1.06 prep1-195完善A选项解释；prep1-249修正A选项解释；prep2-163删去补充说明中“现在分词伴随状语的正反向考法”中的例题。（感谢 Gisele09 与 allattit 的建议）
2010年10月14日 Version 1.05 prep1-238完善“倍数表达法”补充说明第一小点；prep1-241更新补充说明that , one , it 的区别中的VII；prep2-177修正句子释义。（感谢 oyzmendias 的建议)
2010年09月25日 prep1-172关于过去完成时使用的补充(感谢天使追梦的建议)。
2010年09月27日 prep1-186改进C选项解释(感谢魏小妞要出国的建议)。
2010年09月28日 prep1-176修正D选项解释；(感谢 antony880805 的建议)。

作者: steven 时间: 2010-9-17 15:11
这么迅速的看到，都没沙发，打击士气啊。。。

作者: 合适聊 时间: 2010-9-17 15:26
看样子，新语法笔记就要出来了。
前排留名。

作者: jbc88 时间: 2010-9-17 16:28
好帖子，留名

作者: keming 时间: 2010-9-17 17:04
强帖，前排坐！

作者: ruby7758 时间: 2010-9-17 20:17
前排留名坐

作者: 天使追梦 时间: 2010-9-17 20:45
前排坐下~~
。。我已经用不上了，帮后人顶~

作者: trandee 时间: 2010-9-17 21:17
刚好要问呢。
旧prep84题：(B) this advance不符合同位语使用方法,应该用一个概括性名词结构,而不能使用特指.将this改为an,变特指为概括性名词结构；this advance leading to…缺少谓语结构。

但是GWD-1-Q7：
A recent review of pay scales indicates that CEO’s now earn an average of 419 times more pay than blue-collar workers, compared to a ratio of 42 times in 1980. 应该选C吧，但是the ratio...是同位语的话就可以用the这种特指？？？？？？the ratio是同位语么？可以用the么？？？？
C.that, on average, CEO’s now earn 419 times the pay of blue-collar workers, as compared to 42 times their pay, the ratio

对了，我用的是“旧PREP破解版语法注释分析2007816”1.0版本吧。。。是有新版本么？求链接~~~

作者: Christianyang 时间: 2010-9-17 21:32
占位，笔记在哪？

作者: wjj309 时间: 2010-9-18 14:33
笔记在哪？

作者: Christianyang 时间: 2010-9-18 18:08
顶起

作者: asing 时间: 2010-9-19 00:39
求新版笔记！！！

作者: steven 时间: 2010-9-19 12:59
发布啦
http://forum.chasedream.com/GMAT_SC/thread-484446-1-1.html

作者: zanyingsan 时间: 2010-9-19 23:47
我来晚了，。。。心血啊咱们的

作者: janeee 时间: 2010-9-20 13:16
LZ原谅我，占一楼，讨论备用~~~

作者: christinewang 时间: 2010-9-21 09:17
辛苦楼主了。。。

作者: 安安榭 时间: 2010-9-24 03:11
谢谢

作者: 天使追梦 时间: 2010-9-24 12:06
问问题是在这吗？
问：172.
Introduced by Italian merchants resident in London during the sixteenth century, in England life insurance remained until the end of the seventeenth century a specialized contract between individual underwriters and their clients, typically being ship owners, overseas merchants, or professional moneylenders.

A. in England life insurance remained until the end of the seventeenth century a specialized contract between individual underwriters and their clients, typically being
B. in England life insurance had remained until the end of the seventeenth century a specialized contract between individual underwriters with their clients, who typically were
C. until the end of the seventeenth century life insurance in England had remained a specialized contract between individual underwriters and their clients, typically
D. life insurance in England remained until the end of the seventeenth century a specialized contract between individual underwriters and their clients, typically
E. life insurance remained until the end of the seventeenth century in England a specialized contract between individual underwriters with their clients, who typically were
选项B中有句解释过去完成时表达的是过去的过去，所以需要与一个过去的时态作对比。可是明明有过去时间呢？——until the end of the seventeenth century
且176题B解释中说过去完成时的使用：必须在语义上有时间的对照(不一定会有一般过去时的出现)。

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2010-9-25 09:23

问问题是在这吗？
问：172.
Introduced by Italian merchants resident in London during the sixteenth century, in England life insurance remained until the end of the seventeenth century a specialized contract between individual underwriters and their clients, typically being ship owners, overseas merchants, or professional moneylenders.

A. in England life insurance remained until the end of the seventeenth century a specialized contract between individual underwriters and their clients, typically being
B. in England life insurance had remained until the end of the seventeenth century a specialized contract between individual underwriters with their clients, who typically were
C. until the end of the seventeenth century life insurance in England had remained a specialized contract between individual underwriters and their clients, typically
D. life insurance in England remained until the end of the seventeenth century a specialized contract between individual underwriters and their clients, typically
E. life insurance remained until the end of the seventeenth century in England a specialized contract between individual underwriters with their clients, who typically were
选项B中有句解释过去完成时表达的是过去的过去，所以需要与一个过去的时态作对比。可是明明有过去时间呢？——until the end of the seventeenth century
且176题B解释中说过去完成时的使用：必须在语义上有时间的对照(不一定会有一般过去时的出现)。

-- by 会员天使追梦 (2010/9/24 12:06:06)

很赞的问题~~看来笔记这里需要加注一下
remain如果用了过去完成时并没有错，只是句意就变成了，life insurance在17世纪末以后就变了。而如果是一般过去时，则有可能18世纪初了，英国的寿险可能还是那样子。
因为change不是必须的，所以不一定要过去完成时。当然过去完成时没有错误。嗯，我把笔记更新一下。多谢天使~

作者: antony880805 时间: 2010-9-28 18:50
For at least two decades or more previous to when the Venetian artist Giovanni Battista Tiepolo died in 1770, he was the most admired painter in Italy.
A.For at least two decades or more previous to when the Venetian artist Giovanni Battista Tiepolo died in 1770, he was
B.For at least two decades before the Venetian artist Giovanni Battista Tiepolo died in 1770, he had been
C.For at least two decades or more before the Venetian artist Giovanni Battista Tiepolo's dying in 1770, he had been
D.When the Venetian artist Giovanni Battista Tiepolo died in 1770, for at least two decades previously he was
E.When the Venetian artist Giovanni Battista Tiepolo died in 1770, having been for at least two decades before that
D.同A，主句时态错误；一个时间状语分拆为两个的表达非常累赘；at least和or more用词重复
D选项中莫有看到at least 和 or more 的重复出现，应该只有时态的问题

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2010-10-2 10:57
oh, thanks, antony880805

作者: tinnashen 时间: 2010-10-5 15:26
看完og 和白勇后, 待我细细研读楼主的巨作.

作者: ozymendias 时间: 2010-10-7 17:57
prep1-238题中的“倍数表达法”补充说明里面第1小点的twice用法里面最后一句是不是没说完啊？

作者: ozymendias 时间: 2010-10-7 18:36
在“that , one , it 的区别”中您提到：VII. it与that均可以替代上文全句的内容或部分内容, 而one ／ones则不可以。
He has saved my life; I'll never forget it. （it代替第一分句）
我记得og还是哪里说过it不能指代前面一句话的呀。。忘记在哪看到的了。。不好意思

作者: ozymendias 时间: 2010-10-8 10:39
还有prep2里面的177题
“题目释义：For the farmer….., provided and milked…., Holstein cows will produce…….
For引导介词词组作表语提到句首，整个句子使用到装，provided and milked并列修饰主语Holstein cows。”

这里怎么会是倒装呢？如果for引导介词词组作表语放句首倒装的话，那整句话的系动词在哪？？
还有for放句首有倒装么？恕在下孤陋寡闻了。
For the farmer who takes care to keep them cool, providing them with high-energy feed, and milking them regularly, Holstein cows are producing an average of 2,275 gallons of milk each per year.
A.   providing them with high-energy feed, and milking them regularly, Holstein cows are producing
B.   providing them with high-energy feed, and milked regularly, the Holstein cow produces
C.   provided with high-energy feed, and milking them regularly, Holstein cows are producing
D.   provided with high-energy feed, and milked regularly, the Holstein cow produces
E.   provided with high-energy feed, and milked regularly, Holstein cows will produce
觉得还是cool，provided，milked三者并列更说得通吧，就是keep them cool, keep them provided with, and keep them milked。
班门弄斧一下，谢谢

作者: xueying519 时间: 2010-10-8 23:37
08 版PREP语法笔记中，216 题的A 选项解释我觉得有点问题
216. (T-3-Q39) (天山-7-39)
Plants are more efficient at acquiring carbon than are fungi, in the form of carbon dioxide, and converting it to energy-rich sugars.
A.

lants are more efficient at acquiring carbon than are fungi,
B.

lants are more efficient at acquiring carbon than fungi,
C.

lants are more efficient than fungi at acquiring carbon,
D.

lants, more efficient than fungi at acquiring carbon,
E.

lants acquire carbon more efficiently than fungi

A. 主系表结构的比较后面的are多余；后面的in the form of carbon dioxide错误的修饰了fungi；converting应当与acquiring平行。

我认为A中，主系表结构的比较后面的are不是一个错误点。正是由于这个are避免了歧义的产生。如果没有这个are, 我们则可以认为是carbon 与 fungi 在做对比。A的错，主要是由于后面的in the form of carbon dioxide错误的修饰了fungi；以及converting应当与acquiring平行。

请各位大牛帮忙看看啊！

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2010-10-14 12:43

在“that , one , it 的区别”中您提到：VII. it与that均可以替代上文全句的内容或部分内容, 而one ／ones则不可以。
He has saved my life; I'll never forget it. （it代替第一分句）
我记得og还是哪里说过it不能指代前面一句话的呀。。忘记在哪看到的了。。不好意思

-- by 会员 ozymendias (2010/10/7 18:36:31)

嗯，对的，要指代前面一句话的核心含义只能用so，那个知识点忘了标出是针对日常语法点了。多谢ozymendias~

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2010-10-14 12:52

08 版PREP语法笔记中，216 题的A 选项解释我觉得有点问题
216. (T-3-Q39) (天山-7-39)
Plants are more efficient at acquiring carbon than are fungi, in the form of carbon dioxide, and converting it to energy-rich sugars.
A.

lants are more efficient at acquiring carbon than are fungi,
B.

lants are more efficient at acquiring carbon than fungi,
C.

lants are more efficient than fungi at acquiring carbon,
D.

lants, more efficient than fungi at acquiring carbon,
E.

-- by 会员 xueying519 (2010/10/8 23:37:04)

感觉more修饰不到carbon，所以A里面就算are不补出，也没有carbon和fungi对比的歧义。
强烈欢迎进一步讨论！

作者: xueying519 时间: 2010-10-16 23:08
Plants are more efficient at acquiring carbon than are fungi (at acquiring carbon), .....
能不能看做是对 at acquiring carbon 的省略呢？

作者: xueying519 时间: 2010-10-16 23:09

lants are more efficient at acquiring carbon than are fungi,
B.

lants are more efficient at acquiring carbon than fungi,
C.

lants are more efficient than fungi at acquiring carbon,
D.

lants, more efficient than fungi at acquiring carbon,
E.

-- by 会员 xueying519 (2010/10/8 23:37:04)

感觉more修饰不到carbon，所以A里面就算are不补出，也没有carbon和fungi对比的歧义。
强烈欢迎进一步讨论！

-- by 会员 aeoluseros (2010/10/14 12:52:27)

Plants are more efficient at acquiring carbon than are fungi (at acquiring carbon), .....
能不能看做是对 at acquiring carbon 的省略呢？

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2010-10-17 20:22

lants are more efficient at acquiring carbon than are fungi,
B.

lants are more efficient at acquiring carbon than fungi,
C.

lants are more efficient than fungi at acquiring carbon,
D.

lants, more efficient than fungi at acquiring carbon,
E.

-- by 会员 xueying519 (2010/10/8 23:37:04)

感觉more修饰不到carbon，所以A里面就算are不补出，也没有carbon和fungi对比的歧义。
强烈欢迎进一步讨论！

-- by 会员 aeoluseros (2010/10/14 12:52:27)

Plants are more efficient at acquiring carbon than are fungi (at acquiring carbon), .....
能不能看做是对 at acquiring carbon 的省略呢？

-- by 会员 xueying519 (2010/10/16 23:09:24)

嗯，可以的，本来就是这样子。

作者: xueying519 时间: 2010-10-18 00:36

lants are more efficient at acquiring carbon than are fungi,
B.

lants are more efficient at acquiring carbon than fungi,
C.

lants are more efficient than fungi at acquiring carbon,
D.

lants, more efficient than fungi at acquiring carbon,
E.

-- by 会员 xueying519 (2010/10/8 23:37:04)

感觉more修饰不到carbon，所以A里面就算are不补出，也没有carbon和fungi对比的歧义。
强烈欢迎进一步讨论！

-- by 会员 aeoluseros (2010/10/14 12:52:27)

Plants are more efficient at acquiring carbon than are fungi (at acquiring carbon), .....
能不能看做是对 at acquiring carbon 的省略呢？

-- by 会员 xueying519 (2010/10/16 23:09:24)

嗯，可以的，本来就是这样子。

-- by 会员 aeoluseros (2010/10/17 20:22:44)

所以语法笔记中说“主系表结构的比较后面的are多余”是说不通的啊！其实人家加一个“are” 就是想告诉你fungi 是在和Plants 对比。Plants are more efficient at acquiring carbon than are fungi 这句话的错误点，感觉是在于没有遵循“比较对象应该尽可能靠近些”的原则，中间插入过多成份，导致比较对象不明显。

作者: xueying519 时间: 2010-10-18 00:51
08 版PREP语法笔记中, 191 题的C 选项，我觉得解释有点问题。
The loan company announced it would soon lend money to borrowers with proven records of their not paying back their loans on time, collectively known as the subprime lending market.

A.of their not paying back their loans on time,

B.of not paying back their loans on time, a group

C.of not paying back their loans on time, with such a group

D.that they do not pay back their loans on time,(B)

E.that they do not pay back their loans on time, such a group

C．With引导独立主格，其逻辑主语应为主句主语，逻辑不合理；such无所指，错误且多余。

大家都知道，独立主格的定义是：自带逻辑主语的分词结构，在句中作状语。
但C的解释却说，其逻辑主语应为主句主语！这实在是有问题。比如： The job finished, we went home. 这个句子独立主格的逻辑主语显然不是主句主语。
正确的解释我觉得是：位于句首的doing 或 done, 其动作的发出者或承受者即为该分词的逻辑主语，它等于后面的主句主语。

请各位大侠帮我看看，有说得不对的还请斧正~

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2010-10-18 22:36

-- by 会员 xueying519 (2010/10/18 0:36:44)

umm...是指没有are也同样是fungi和plants在比，而不会产生carbon和fungi在比的歧义，所以are才多余。

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2010-10-18 23:01

08 版PREP语法笔记中, 191 题的C 选项，我觉得解释有点问题。
The loan company announced it would soon lend money to borrowers with proven records of their not paying back their loans on time, collectively known as the subprime lending market.

A.of their not paying back their loans on time,

B.of not paying back their loans on time, a group

C.of not paying back their loans on time, with such a group

D.that they do not pay back their loans on time,(B)

E.that they do not pay back their loans on time, such a group

C．With引导独立主格，其逻辑主语应为主句主语，逻辑不合理；such无所指，错误且多余。

大家都知道，独立主格的定义是：自带逻辑主语的分词结构，在句中作状语。
但C的解释却说，其逻辑主语应为主句主语！这实在是有问题。比如： The job finished, we went home. 这个句子独立主格的逻辑主语显然不是主句主语。
正确的解释我觉得是：位于句首的doing 或 done, 其动作的发出者或承受者即为该分词的逻辑主语，它等于后面的主句主语。

请各位大侠帮我看看，有说得不对的还请斧正~

-- by 会员 xueying519 (2010/10/18 0:51:35)

with引导的成分其实更确切地讲，不叫做独立主格，因为这个短语是以with介词引导的，貌似在夸克语法大全里面是叫独立关系分句，只是大多数语法书这样分类习惯了，在此暂且咱们也称其独立主格。
with引导的独立主格与没有with引导的独立主格，对主句的修饰关系是不同的。
C选项解释确实不太准确，少了一个字“With引导的独立主格，其逻辑主语应为主句主语，逻辑不合理”。
嗯，欢迎继续讨论

作者: 森然 时间: 2010-10-19 11:17
235. (GWD-9-Q1)
A mixture of poems and short fiction, Jean Toomer's Cane has been called one of the three best novels ever written by Black Americans—the others being Richard Wright, author of Native Son, and Ralph Ellison, author of Invisible Man
A.   Black Americans—the others being Richard Wright, author of Native Son, and Ralph Ellison, author of Invisible Man
B.   Black Americans—including Native Son by Richard Wright and Invisible Man by Ralph Ellison
C.   a Black American—including Richard Wright, author of Native Son, and Ralph Ellison, author of Invisible Man
D.   a Black American—the others being Richard Wright, author of Native Son, and Ralph Ellison, author of Invisible Man
E.   a Black American—the others being Richard Wright's Native Son and Ralph Ellison's Invisible Man

补充：E中being正确是因为:破折号相当于逗号，逗号后没有连词不能接完整句子。所以being为分词结构，还原为The others are...
一般Being可以省，但是此处若省去后变成:the others Richard Wright's Native Son and Ralph Ellison's Invisible Man 很畸形

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2010-10-19 11:55

235. (GWD-9-Q1)
A mixture of poems and short fiction, Jean Toomer's Cane has been called one of the three best novels ever written by Black Americans—the others being Richard Wright, author of Native Son, and Ralph Ellison, author of Invisible Man
A. Black Americans—the others being Richard Wright, author of Native Son, and Ralph Ellison, author of Invisible Man
B. Black Americans—including Native Son by Richard Wright and Invisible Man by Ralph Ellison
C. a Black American—including Richard Wright, author of Native Son, and Ralph Ellison, author of Invisible Man
D. a Black American—the others being Richard Wright, author of Native Son, and Ralph Ellison, author of Invisible Man
E. a Black American—the others being Richard Wright's Native Son and Ralph Ellison's Invisible Man

补充：E中being正确是因为:破折号相当于逗号，逗号后没有连词不能接完整句子。所以being为分词结构，还原为The others are...
一般Being可以省，但是此处若省去后变成:the others Richard Wright's Native Son and Ralph Ellison's Invisible Man 很畸形

-- by 会员森然 (2010/10/19 11:17:44)

谢谢森然的补充。不过破折号虽然在相当于逗号，但是其实也可以有colon, semicolon等用途，所以后面不用句子而用being更多是并列的需要。

补充下dash的用法：
http://www.grammarbook.com/punctuation/dashes.asp
em dashes may replace commas, semicolons, colons, and parentheses to indicate added emphasis, an interruption, or an abrupt change of thought.

作者: 森然 时间: 2010-10-19 20:58

-- by 会员森然 (2010/10/19 11:17:44)

-- by 会员 aeoluseros (2010/10/19 11:55:32)

哈哈 ~~ 谢谢当时做这道题的时候就被破折号调戏得无语了。在网上查了1mol才搞清楚那个being是分词、
其实看平行直接就秒了

作者: Gisele09 时间: 2010-10-19 21:55
标题: that that that
241题的补充说明里写道：
“IV. one既可代替事物, 也可代替人, that只能代替事物而不能代替人。有时可以用the one或the ones代替that或those。”

然后在249题的A选项里面也有对that的说明：
“A.which只能指代物，不能指代人，that只能指代人不能指代物，GMAT中which和that严格地各司其职，而且非限定性定语从句仅在。”

这两个that指代的意思不同吗？现在脑子有点涨，不知道是不是理解偏了

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2010-10-19 23:22

241题的补充说明里写道：
“IV. one既可代替事物, 也可代替人, that只能代替事物而不能代替人。有时可以用the one或the ones代替that或those。”

然后在249题的A选项里面也有对that的说明：
“A.which只能指代物，不能指代人，that只能指代人不能指代物，GMAT中which和that严格地各司其职，而且非限定性定语从句仅在。”

这两个that指代的意思不同吗？现在脑子有点涨，不知道是不是理解偏了

-- by 会员 Gisele09 (2010/10/19 21:55:36)

大赞Gisele! 这点给疏忽了！
that只能代替事物不能代替人是对的。
249题的解释出现错误了，那句话也没有说完整，疏忽啊。

作者: allattit 时间: 2010-10-26 03:52
195. (GWD-7-Q13)
Like the grassy fields and old pastures that the upland sandpiper needs for feeding and nesting when it returns in May after wintering in the Argentine Pampas, the sandpipers vanishing in the northeastern United States is a result of residential and industrial development and of changes in farming practices.
A.   the sandpipers vanishing in the northeastern United States is a result of residential and industrial development and of changes in
B.   the bird itself is vanishing in the northeastern United States as a result of residential and industrial development and of changes in
C.   that the birds themselves are vanishing in the northeastern United States is due to residential and industrial development and changes to
D.   in the northeastern United States, sandpipers’ vanishing is due to residential and industrial development and to changes in
E.   in the northeastern United States, the sandpipers’ vanishing, a result of residential and industrial development and changing

A.   the sandpipers vanishing不是一个result。

我看到另外一个解释 http://www.manhattangmat.com/forums/prep-sc-grassy-fields-and-sandpiper-t6455.html
(a)
if you write "the sandpipers vanishing", then "sandpipers" is the subject ("vanishing" is a modifier describing that subject). the subject "sandpipers" doesn't agree with the singular verb "is".

GENERAL NOTE:
this sentence starts out with "like the grassy fields and old pastures...". the COMPARISON here is between those fields and pastures (which are disappearing) and the bird (which is also disappearing); therefore, to make this comparison valid, the next sentence MUST start with "the bird" or "the sandpiper". it can't start with anything else.

仅参考

作者: allattit 时间: 2010-10-27 04:45
来一个实际中的例子，新东方补充教材新版本204题：
Nuclear fusion is the force that powers the Sun, the stars, and hydrogen bombs, merging the nuclei of atoms and not splitting them apart, as in nuclear reactors.
(A)   merging the nuclei of atoms and not splitting them apart, as in nuclear reactors
(B)   merging the nuclei of atoms instead of splitting them apart, like nuclear reactors
(C)   merging the nuclei of atoms rather than splitting them apart, as nuclear reactors do
(D)   and merges the nuclei of atoms but does not split them apart, as is done in unclear reactors
(E)   and merges the nuclei of atoms, unlike atomic reactors that split them apart
很明显，is这个动作和merge这个动作不可能是同时发生的，也不可能是前一个句子的整体导致后面动作的发生，所以使用merge就错了。大家可以注意到，ABC三个选项都在引诱你使用伴随状语，这就是ETS的险恶用心。所以答案必须在DE中筛选。答案是D。

P109
版主我觉得这道题讲的不对答案应该是选C吧？ C里面merging是作为分词形容前面fusion的动作啊为什么不可以？

http://www.manhattangmat.com/forums/nuclear-fusion-is-the-force-that-powers-the-sun-the-stars-t2159.html

作者: allattit 时间: 2010-10-28 02:55
... 写错了 sorry

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2010-10-28 06:35

来一个实际中的例子，新东方补充教材新版本204题：
Nuclear fusion is the force that powers the Sun, the stars, and hydrogen bombs, merging the nuclei of atoms and not splitting them apart, as in nuclear reactors.
(A) merging the nuclei of atoms and not splitting them apart, as in nuclear reactors
(B) merging the nuclei of atoms instead of splitting them apart, like nuclear reactors
(C) merging the nuclei of atoms rather than splitting them apart, as nuclear reactors do
(D) and merges the nuclei of atoms but does not split them apart, as is done in unclear reactors
(E) and merges the nuclei of atoms, unlike atomic reactors that split them apart
很明显，is这个动作和merge这个动作不可能是同时发生的，也不可能是前一个句子的整体导致后面动作的发生，所以使用merge就错了。大家可以注意到，ABC三个选项都在引诱你使用伴随状语，这就是ETS的险恶用心。所以答案必须在DE中筛选。答案是D。

P109
版主我觉得这道题讲的不对答案应该是选C吧？ C里面merging是作为分词形容前面fusion的动作啊为什么不可以？

http://www.manhattangmat.com/forums/nuclear-fusion-is-the-force-that-powers-the-sun-the-stars-t2159.html

-- by 会员 allattit (2010/10/27 4:45:30)

同意选C。D选项错得离谱了。这部分是原帖引用所以没有注意，我等下删掉这个例子。

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2010-10-28 06:48

195. (GWD-7-Q13)
Like the grassy fields and old pastures that the upland sandpiper needs for feeding and nesting when it returns in May after wintering in the Argentine Pampas, the sandpipers vanishing in the northeastern United States is a result of residential and industrial development and of changes in farming practices.
A. the sandpipers vanishing in the northeastern United States is a result of residential and industrial development and of changes in
B. the bird itself is vanishing in the northeastern United States as a result of residential and industrial development and of changes in
C. that the birds themselves are vanishing in the northeastern United States is due to residential and industrial development and changes to
D. in the northeastern United States, sandpipers’ vanishing is due to residential and industrial development and to changes in
E. in the northeastern United States, the sandpipers’ vanishing, a result of residential and industrial development and changing

A. the sandpipers vanishing不是一个result。

我看到另外一个解释 http://www.manhattangmat.com/forums/prep-sc-grassy-fields-and-sandpiper-t6455.html
(a)
if you write "the sandpipers vanishing", then "sandpipers" is the subject ("vanishing" is a modifier describing that subject). the subject "sandpipers" doesn't agree with the singular verb "is".

GENERAL NOTE:
this sentence starts out with "like the grassy fields and old pastures...". the COMPARISON here is between those fields and pastures (which are disappearing) and the bird (which is also disappearing); therefore, to make this comparison valid, the next sentence MUST start with "the bird" or "the sandpiper". it can't start with anything else.

仅参考

-- by 会员 allattit (2010/10/26 3:52:26)

嗯，解释里面那句话没有表达清楚，谢谢allattit。
应该是这样的：
A.the sandpipers vanishing的中心词是sandipipers不是一个result，vanishing只是修饰语，且sandipipers与后面的is主谓不一致。

作者: bowow 时间: 2010-10-31 16:13
问题较多，我就没把题目也贴出，辛苦版版自己翻翻题目了！~不好意思哇！

1. Prep1-212

D选项中这里是强调句型；It is likely that…句型可以用(OG 10-237)；more…than比较句型不完整，合适的结构应该是it is X times more likely that A will happen than that B will happen，不过更合适的是'A is X times more likely to happen than is B.。

疑问：这里的is 是不是可以省略掉？

2. Prep1-216

A.主系表结构的比较后面的are多余（more修饰不到carbon，所以A里面就算are不补出，也没有carbon和fungi对比的歧义）；后面的in the form of carbon dioxide错误的修饰了fungi；converting应当与acquiring平行。

E.比较对象错误同A。修饰错误同A。

疑问：E中比较对象错误应该是会导致carbon与fungi对比的歧义，因为这里more修饰了carbon，与A 中的主系表比较are多余不属同一错误，所以不该写“比较对象错误同A”

3. Prep1-216
补充说明：关于比较，摘自prep笔记1-128。

比较-主语比较

1.对主谓宾全的句型主语比较：A do sth than B do.（AB为对等名词，加do是为了显示这是一个可以发出动作的名词，因而确定是主语，进而确定是主语对比）。时态要据后定。There be 句型等同于一般的主谓宾俱全的句型。

主语若相同，可省，但助动词不能省。如：

As a result of the continuing decline in the birth rate, [fewer people] will enter the labor force [in the 1980’s] than (few people省略)did [in the 1960’s and 1970’s], a twenty-year period during which people born after the war swelled the ranks of workers.

疑问：这里省略的应该是people而不是few people吧？因为出生率持续降低，相比人们in the 1960’s and 1970’s加入labor force的情况，更少的人will enter the labor force [in the 1980’s]

4. Prep1-220

A.increased和have increased都是可以的，如果这个句子是3个月结束后马上写的那么用have increased，如果是再晚一些之后写的，那就用increased；it指代profits单复数错误。

疑问：画线部分中有during the first three months of the year, 所以使用increased 应该是不对的吧？有during出现应该用完成时态吧？如果有during用过去时，举个例子？

5.Prep1-224

补充说明：在比较中助动词have也可以省略

疑问：正确答案E中正如笔记中所说是few引导的一个否定含义的句子，文章中没有出现比较吧？且 “比较中助动词have可以省略”跟笔记中总结的“比较知识点”有冲突，虽然那是from白勇的，但是这样不一致会不会使cder晕头转向？

6. Prep1-240

C.根据比较的平行they指代babies，但仅补出they were使得were是助动词还是系动词，系动词的话，under it修饰了they，逻辑错误，助动词的话，they were累赘。

疑问：were可以充当助动词么？给个例子？

7. Prep1-193+224的解释

193的笔记：

考点：

1.定语从句：如果关系代词that在定语从句中做宾语成分,那么这个that一般都要省略。

224的笔记：

考点：逻辑意思（logical prediction）平行结构（parallelism）

1.the amount of driving they do中的they do是定语从句，先行词the amount of driving在定从中做宾语省略that，还原也即do the amount of driving，类似于do a lot of homework/driving；在formal problem里出现这样“不太正式”的结构其实还是有点令人诧异的。

疑问：我觉得上面两题考点的介绍有点矛盾，就是画线部分，感觉给出的意见不够统一。

且GWD-TN21-37中给出的答案与193的一样，都是省去省去定语从句中当宾语的that：

37. GWD31-37

In 1994 the white house named Dr RuthR. Faden chairperson of the federal advisory committee of experts they assigned to do a report on the history and ethics of the government’s radiation experiments on humans in the 1950’s and 1960’s .

A.they assigned to do

B.to be assigned doing

C.that was being assigned doing

D.assigned for doing

E.it assigned to do （correct）

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2010-11-1 09:13
嗯，非常感谢bowow（wow），几点意见都非常有价值，将会在下一版本更新；
Prep1-220中提到的during可以用过去时其实用得很多，during/in/over三个用现在完成时的概率递增，但是也都可以用过去时。不过确实A选项解释有一点没有考虑到，根据前文的are evident，后文应该用现在的时候，即现在完成时。

Prep1-240中提到的were是助动词的情况：被动语态和进行时里面的be动词都是助动词。

prep1-224中提到的“formal problem里出现这样‘不太正式’的结构”是指do driving，我给补上去:-P

作者: bowow 时间: 2010-11-1 10:56
版版~~~那还剩的那几个疑问的回答咧？？

今天又发现一个疑问：
Prep1 238

补充说明：一、倍数表达法

5、表达倍数用“… times + more +adj.+than，…time as +adj.+than”都正确

疑问：time as +adj.+than 这个怎么会是正确的呢？？！！

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2010-11-1 17:34

版版~~~那还剩的那几个疑问的回答咧？？

今天又发现一个疑问：
Prep1 238

补充说明：一、倍数表达法

5、表达倍数用“… times + more +adj.+than，…time as +adj.+than”都正确

疑问：time as +adj.+than 这个怎么会是正确的呢？？！！

-- by 会员 bowow (2010/11/1 10:56:37)

嗯，这里应该也是写错了的，后面应该是times as adj. as。
其他几个都很同意，多谢bowow的建议，更新预报在本楼的2楼有~
1.10版给改回来。

作者: bowow 时间: 2010-11-1 20:16

作者: bowow 时间: 2010-11-3 11:58
版版我又来鸟~~

Prep2 186

186. (GWD-6-Q41)The greatest road system built in the Americas prior to the arrival of Christopher Columbus was the Incan highway, which, over 2,500 miles long and extending from northern Ecuador through Peru to southern Chile.

A.Columbus was the Incan highway, which, over 2,500 miles long and extending

B.Columbus was the Incan highway, over 2,500 miles in length, and extended

C.Columbus, the Incan highway, which was over 2,500 miles in length and extended

D.Columbus, the Incan highway, being over 2,500 miles in length, was extended(E)

E.Columbus, the Incan highway was over 2,500 miles long, extending

（B）extended被动形式错，句意变成了highway被延伸了，实际上延伸是highway主动发出的动作； extended和over 2500 miles变得没有关系，显然不是合理的句子结构安排。

疑问：我觉得B（黄体部分）解释不好，不应该解释为用了被动形式所以错，而是逻辑关系错误，B中主语是The greatest road system，语法上“was”和“extended”都用过去时，没有问题，但是“system extended”是不合逻辑的。

举个例子：The man in red was Tony, 172 in height, and stood there. 这里was和stood都是并列的过去形式，语法上和逻辑上都说的过去。

作者: bowow 时间: 2010-11-3 12:04
还有同样这题的D选项解释
(D) being使用wordy；in length不如long简洁；was extended变成和was the Incan highway平行，结构不合理，且was extended被动使用不当。

D选项中木有出现was the Incan highway~~

作者: bowow 时间: 2010-11-3 15:16
Prep2-229.(GWD-6-Q18)In California today, Hispanics under the age of eighteen account for more than 43 percent, compared with a decade ago, when it was about 35 percent.

A.In California today, Hispanics under the age of eighteen account for more than 43 percent, compared with a decade ago, when it was about 35 percent.

B.Of the Californians under the age of eighteen, today more than 43 percent of them are Hispanic, compared with a decade ago, when it was about 35 percent.

C.Today, more than 43 percent of Californians under the age of eighteen are Hispanic, compared with about 35 percent a decade ago.

D.Today, compared to a decade ago, Californians who are Hispanics under the age of eighteen account for more than 43 percent, whereas it was about 35 percent.(C)

E.Today, Hispanics under the age of eighteen in California account for more than 43 percent, unlike a decade ago, when it was about 35 percent.

D.Compared with修饰不清，可以修饰today，也可以修饰主句；43 percent与35 percent无所指；it无所指。

疑问：D项解释的with应该改为to

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2010-11-3 15:27

版版我又来鸟~~

Prep2 186

186. (GWD-6-Q41)The greatest road system built in the Americas prior to the arrival of Christopher Columbus was the Incan highway, which, over 2,500 miles long and extending from northern Ecuador through Peru to southern Chile.

A.Columbus was the Incan highway, which, over 2,500 miles long and extending

B.Columbus was the Incan highway, over 2,500 miles in length, and extended

C.Columbus, the Incan highway, which was over 2,500 miles in length and extended

D.Columbus, the Incan highway, being over 2,500 miles in length, was extended(E)

E.Columbus, the Incan highway was over 2,500 miles long, extending

（B）extended被动形式错，句意变成了highway被延伸了，实际上延伸是highway主动发出的动作； extended和over 2500 miles变得没有关系，显然不是合理的句子结构安排。

疑问：我觉得B（黄体部分）解释不好，不应该解释为用了被动形式所以错，而是逻辑关系错误，B中主语是The greatest road system，语法上“was”和“extended”都用过去时，没有问题，但是“system extended”是不合逻辑的。

举个例子：The man in red was Tony, 172 in height, and stood there. 这里was和stood都是并列的过去形式，语法上和逻辑上都说的过去。

-- by 会员 bowow (2010/11/3 11:58:48)

exactly! I slipped when editing.

作者: bowow 时间: 2010-11-3 15:27
Prep2-235. (GWD3-Q22)
On account of a law passed in 1933, making it a crime punishable by imprisonment that a United States citizen hold gold in the form of bullion or coins, immigrants found that on arrival in the United States they had to surrender all of the gold they had brought with them.

A.On account of a law passed in 1933, making it a crime punishable by imprisonment that a United States citizen hold

B.With a law passed in 1933 that makes it a crime punishable by imprisonment that a United States citizen hold

C.A law passed in 1933 that made it a crime punishable by imprisonment for a United States citizen holding

D.Because of a law passed in 1933 making it a crime punishable by imprisonment for a United States citizen to hold(D)

E.Due to a law being passed in 1933 that makes it a crime punishable by imprisonment for a United States citizen to hold

C．it指代不清；同B；A law passed in 1993 that…有作为immigrants同位语的歧义；正确的短语是make it a crime for sb. to do，用doing错误。

疑问：同是短语made it a crime punishable by imprisonment for，其他选项中没说it有指代不清的嫌疑，那么C选项中的it也不该列为错误点。

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2010-11-3 15:31

Prep2-235. (GWD3-Q22)
On account of a law passed in 1933, making it a crime punishable by imprisonment that a United States citizen hold gold in the form of bullion or coins, immigrants found that on arrival in the United States they had to surrender all of the gold they had brought with them.

A.On account of a law passed in 1933, making it a crime punishable by imprisonment that a United States citizen hold

B.With a law passed in 1933 that makes it a crime punishable by imprisonment that a United States citizen hold

C.A law passed in 1933 that made it a crime punishable by imprisonment for a United States citizen holding

D.Because of a law passed in 1933 making it a crime punishable by imprisonment for a United States citizen to hold(D)

E.Due to a law being passed in 1933 that makes it a crime punishable by imprisonment for a United States citizen to hold

C．it指代不清；同B；A law passed in 1993 that…有作为immigrants同位语的歧义；正确的短语是make it a crime for sb. to do，用doing错误。

疑问：同是短语made it a crime punishable by imprisonment for，其他选项中没说it有指代不清的嫌疑，那么C选项中的it也不该列为错误点。

-- by 会员 bowow (2010/11/3 15:27:51)

这里主要还是因为后面没有用to do所以引起了it无所指，it可以指代不定式，但是不能指代holding这样的现在分词，我调整下措辞。

作者: bowow 时间: 2010-11-3 18:52
prep1-223.(GWD-23-Q23)After several years of rapid growth, the health care company became one of the largest health care providers in the metropolitan area, while it then proved unable to handle the increase in business, falling months behind in its payment to doctors and hospitals.

A.while it then proved unable to handle the increase in business, falling months behind in its payment to

B.while it then proved unable to handle the increase in business and fell months behind in its payment to

C.but then it proved unable to handle the increase in business, falling months behind in its paying

D.but then proving unable to handle the increase in business, falling months behind in paying(E)

E.but then proved unable to handle the increase in business, falling months behind in paying

选项分析：
A．即便表示转折对比，while也有”at the same time“的含义在里面，与then矛盾，并让句意变成了the health care company expanding and falling是同时发生的，但是实际上应该是先became largest，然后再fell；其次，its payment不如动词paying简洁，名词和东西（改为“动词”）优先选择动词。

作者: bowow 时间: 2010-11-3 19:13
prep1-252
解释：A.省略的did前半个平行结构没有，无法补出，错误；foreshadow与there would be语义重复，且there be后面不接抽象动词。
“省略的did前半个平行结构没有，无法补出” 我觉得不好理解哇。。（我悟性差。。）版版能不能将这点再详细点？？

作者: bowow 时间: 2010-11-4 19:27
Prep2-159.The first detailed study of magpie attacks in Australia indicates that by the time they had reached adulthood, 98 percent of men and 75 percent of women born in the country have been attacked by the birds

A.by the time they had reached adulthood, 98 percent of men and 75 percent of women born in the country have been attacked by the birds

B.by the time they reach adulthood, 98 percent of men and 75 percent of women, who were born in the country, had been attacked by the birds

C.by the time they reached adulthood, 98 percent of men and 75 percent of women born in the country had been attacked by the birds

D.98 percent of men and 75 percent of women that were born in the country were attacked by the birds by the time they reach adulthood(C)

E.98 percent of men and 75 percent of women who were born in the country, by the time they reached adulthood had been attacked by the birds

A.reach的时态错误，同时使得had been attacked没有时间对比来说明be attack是发生在过去的过去；Who引导的定语从句是非限制性修饰，使得逻辑含义错误。

疑问：什么逻辑含义错误，能具体下不？

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2010-11-6 20:08

prep1-252
解释：A.省略的did前半个平行结构没有，无法补出，错误；foreshadow与there would be语义重复，且there be后面不接抽象动词。
“省略的did前半个平行结构没有，无法补出” 我觉得不好理解哇。。（我悟性差。。）版版能不能将这点再详细点？？

-- by 会员 bowow (2010/11/3 19:13:18)

那句写得太主观了，是根据C来写的……never mind，我改成了“and前后resulted和forshadowing不平行”

作者: bowow 时间: 2010-11-6 20:09
PREP1-255. (GWD-12-Q19)Heavy commitment by an executive to a course of action, especially if it has worked well in the past, makes it likely to miss signs of incipient trouble or misinterpret them when they do appear.

A.Heavy commitment by an executive to a course of action, especially if it has worked well in the past, makes it likely to miss signs of incipient trouble or misinterpret them when they do appear.

B.An executive who is heavily committed to a course of action, especially one that worked well in the past, makes missing signs of incipient trouble or misinterpreting ones likely when they do appear.

C.An executive who is heavily committed to a course of action is likely to miss or misinterpret signs of incipient trouble when they do appear, especially if it has worked well in the past.

D.Executives’ being heavily committed to a course of action, especially if it has worked well in the past, makes them likely to miss signs of incipient trouble or misinterpreting them when they do appear.(E)

E.Being heavily committed to a course of action, especially one that has worked well in the past, is likely to make an executive miss signs of incipient trouble or misinterpret them when they do appear.

选项分析：

A.commitment不如committed好，因为后面miss signs or misinterpret是动作，前面也是动作更加对称(大平行)；miss和misinterpret的行为者不清楚，至少要改为"makes it likely that the executive will miss..."才行；至于后一个it指代后面的不定式没有问题，it充当形式宾语，而实际宾语就是不定式to miss and too misinterpret；has worked…in the past时态错误。

D.而且Executives' being heavily committed to a course of action累赘；has worked…in the past时态错；to miss和misinterpreting不平行；第一个them很明显是指代executives不会指代signs没有问题，因为一个作为misinterpret的主语(executives/第一个them)，一个作为misinterpret的宾语(signs/第二个them)；第三个they逻辑上就近与前一个them所指一致，所以没什么问题。

疑问：答案E中的has worked…in the past没有问题，为何A/D中就成了问题？

另外，“they”的指代在句中应该都指向同一对象，D项第一个them和后面的them、they虽然指向明确，但不是针对同一对象。感觉应该是不对的，以往做题they的同一指代是个运用点，在旧prep中也是这么说明的，难道这个是个特例？？！

PREP2-213. (GWD-30-Q2)Caribou are wary animals with excellent hearing, so stalking them over the treeless landscape, getting close enough to kill it with nothing but a handheld lance, as Dorset people did, required exceptional hunting skill.

A.so stalking them over the treeless landscape, getting close enough to kill it

B.so to stalk them over the treeless landscape and get close enough to kill one

C.so in order to stalk them over the treeless landscape and get close enough to kill one

D.and so in order to stalk it over the treeless landscape, getting close enough to kill it(B)

E.and so stalking them over the treeless landscape and getting close enough in order to kill it

题目释义：Caribou are……, so to stalk …… and get …… required…….

选项分析：C．in order to do是目的状语使得后半句没有主语，而且in order to do不如直接to do来得简洁，错误。

D．and后半句没有主句，只有so引导的结果状语，其实and多余，应该删去；且so和in order to语义重复；in order to目的状语无法修饰逻辑主语getting close enough，且逻辑错误；it错误同A。

疑问：C中in order to do是目的状语，D中so引导的结果状语，且两词意思不一样，为何说so和in order to语意重复呢？是否应该改为因为so+结果状语，而in order to+目的状语，两者放在一起倒置引导的冲突？

PREP2-162.Such orb-weaving spiders like the argiope build webs in an essentially wheel-like structure, with an outer rim and a number of spokes emanating from the hub.

A.Such orb-weaving spiders like the argiope build webs in an essentially wheel-like structure

B.Such orb-weaving spiders as the argiope builds webs with what is essentially a wheel-like structure

C.The argiope spider, in the same way as other orb-weaving spiders, build webs in a structure that is essentially wheel-like

D.D. Orb-weaving spiders such as the argiope build webs that are essentially wheel-like(D)

E.Like other orb-weaving spiders do, the argiope builds webs as essentially wheel-like

选项分析: D. Correct；with型独立主格可以伴随情况，在此伴随修饰that are essentially wheel-like（注意现在分词就没有伴随修饰主系表结构的功能）。

疑问：D中的括号部分，如PREP1-188所说，现在分词可以修饰的，可能D中强调的是没有“伴随”，但这样容易会被误以为“主系表+现在分词”是错误结构，应该修改下措辞。

1)如果前面是主系表结构，由于系动词是一个状态不存在“被伴随”，但是V-ing结构依然修饰的是整个主系表结构，所以后面的V-ing结构也可以被解读为修饰前面的名词成分—主语（如果宾语是名词，也一同修饰，因为主系表结构中主语和宾语所指是同一事物--见OG10-39, OG11-24中对正确选项C的解释）。

For members of the seventeenth-century Ashanti nation in Africa, animal-hide shields with wooden frames were essential items of military equipment, a method to protect warriors against enemy arrows and spears.

A.a method to protect

B.as a method protecting

C.protecting

D.as a protection of

E.to protect

PREP1-216. (T-3-Q39) (天山-7-39)Plants are more efficient at acquiring carbon than are fungi, in the form of carbon dioxide, and converting it to energy-rich sugars.

A.Plants are more efficient at acquiring carbon than are fungi,

B.Plants are more efficient at acquiring carbon than fungi,

C.Plants are more efficient than fungi at acquiring carbon,

D.Plants, more efficient than fungi at acquiring carbon,(C)

E.Plants acquire carbon more efficiently than fungi,

补充说明：关于比较，摘自prep笔记1-128。

比较-主语比较

1.主系表结构的比较与主谓结构相同。如果时态不一致，则需补出助词，如：

The economy of Florida is more diversified than it was ten years ago

疑问：it可以省略，因为主语相同

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2010-11-6 20:17

Prep2-159.The first detailed study of magpie attacks in Australia indicates that by the time they had reached adulthood, 98 percent of men and 75 percent of women born in the country have been attacked by the birds

A.by the time they had reached adulthood, 98 percent of men and 75 percent of women born in the country have been attacked by the birds

B.by the time they reach adulthood, 98 percent of men and 75 percent of women, who were born in the country, had been attacked by the birds

C.by the time they reached adulthood, 98 percent of men and 75 percent of women born in the country had been attacked by the birds

D.98 percent of men and 75 percent of women that were born in the country were attacked by the birds by the time they reach adulthood(C)

E.98 percent of men and 75 percent of women who were born in the country, by the time they reached adulthood had been attacked by the birds

A.reach的时态错误，同时使得had been attacked没有时间对比来说明be attack是发生在过去的过去；Who引导的定语从句是非限制性修饰，使得逻辑含义错误。

疑问：什么逻辑含义错误，能具体下不？

-- by 会员 bowow (2010/11/4 19:27:06)

umm...这个要从限制性修饰和非限制性修饰的区别来理解，用语言貌似很难解释……

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2010-11-6 20:29
1-255和2-162都在下一次更新范围之内。

in order to do是目的状语，D中so引导的结果状语，且两词意思不一样，为何说so和in order to语意重复呢

in order to有表示结果的含义在里面（umm...结果导向）。

主系表结构的比较与主谓结构相同。如果时态不一致，则需补出助词，如：
The economy of Florida is more diversified than it was ten years ago

这里不能省，因为was必须补出，而was的补出，it必须补出。

作者: bowow 时间: 2010-11-7 11:51

主系表结构的比较与主谓结构相同。如果时态不一致，则需补出助词，如：
The economy of Florida is more diversified than it was ten years ago

这里不能省，因为was必须补出，而was的补出，it必须补出。

-- by 会员 aeoluseros (2010/11/6 20:29:12)

[/quote]

还是这
补充说明：关于比较，摘自prep笔记1-128。

比较-主语比较

1.对主谓宾全的句型主语比较：A do sth than B do.（AB为对等名词，加do是为了显示这是一个可以发出动作的名词，因而确定是主语，进而确定是主语对比）。时态要据后定。There be 句型等同于一般的主谓宾俱全的句型。

主语若相同，可省，但助动词不能省。如：

As a result of the continuing decline in the birth rate, [fewer people] will enter the labor force [in the 1980’s] than ( people省略)did [in the 1960’s and 1970’s], a twenty-year period during which people born after the war swelled the ranks of workers.

3.主系表结构的比较与主谓结构相同。如果时态不一致，则需补出助词，如：

The economy of Florida is more diversified than it was ten years ago

1和3不都是时态不一致需补出助动词么？那主语不也可以省？~~难道是因为一个是主谓宾而另一个是主系表的原因？

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2010-11-8 15:48
嗯，一个是主谓宾而另一个是主系表的原因

作者: dxyl 时间: 2010-11-13 19:51
prep2的175题E的解释说in the last year用一般过去式,但是之前补充里又说用完成时,last year才用过去时.

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2010-11-21 16:11

prep2的175题E的解释说in the last year用一般过去式,但是之前补充里又说用完成时,last year才用过去时.

-- by 会员 dxyl (2010/11/13 19:51:15)

嗯，你说得对，确实in the last year与现在完成时搭配没有问题。
E里面的错误我修正一下：
has plummeted与are becoming不平行，因为两个动作很明显是同时发生的，后者应改为have become increasingly common来保持平行；while引导的从句要与主句发生在同一时间，可是wireless service has plummeted与主句不是同一时间发生的，用while错误。

作者: 绿茶子 时间: 2010-11-29 22:31
171 可以加上lie/lay用法说明如下，方便查阅
lie/ lay
原形   过去式   过去分词
lie   lay   lain
lay   laid   laid

  vt   vi   n
lie   骗   撒谎   躺   谎言
lay   放置   下蛋打赌   位置

表“放置/躺”意思时，
lay后无介词的是原形，表放置 lay a child in its crib.
lay后有介词的是过去式，表躺下：lay under a tree
所以情态动词后加动原，后面又有介词表“放置/躺”不能用lay，应用lie

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2010-11-29 22:50

171 可以加上lie/lay用法说明如下，方便查阅
lie/ lay
原形过去式过去分词
lie lay lain
lay laid laid

vt vi n
lie 骗撒谎躺谎言
lay 放置下蛋打赌位置

表“放置/躺”意思时，
lay后无介词的是原形，表放置 lay a child in its crib.
lay后有介词的是过去式，表躺下：lay under a tree
所以情态动词后加动原，后面又有介词表“放置/躺”不能用lay，应用lie

-- by 会员绿茶子 (2010/11/29 22:31:35)

嗯，多谢绿茶子，正在更新1.08呢:-D

作者: xiaoju0103 时间: 2010-12-1 14:02
谢谢LZ

作者: qiuxinlu 时间: 2010-12-2 13:03
第183题中expect的选项解释中：D. Expect搭配错误，不能用that从句，应该用to；were的时态问题让人感觉expect不能加that从句，我一开始就选的D，可是看了选项解释还是有疑问，私以为改为： Expect搭配错误，不能用that sb. 再加从句，应该用to，或者改为： several industry analysts expect that automakers, in order to conserve cash, will(不清楚是不是应该改为should, 求指点) be more...

作者: 比雨还温柔 时间: 2010-12-2 14:48
辛苦了~~~

作者: cdlnyy 时间: 2010-12-9 09:00
首先谢谢楼主的语法笔记。

一点修改意见：
第二部分 177. (T-4-Q12) 补充说明：“each per year并不重复。”
这么说可能容易误导。事实上each是说牛，和per year没有关系。

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2010-12-13 11:15

首先谢谢楼主的语法笔记。

一点修改意见：
第二部分 177. (T-4-Q12) 补充说明：“each per year并不重复。”
这么说可能容易误导。事实上each是说牛，和per year没有关系。

-- by 会员 cdlnyy (2010/12/9 9:00:19)

you're tatolly correct!

ps:要是可以加分就好了

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2010-12-13 11:21

第183题中expect的选项解释中：D. Expect搭配错误，不能用that从句，应该用to；were的时态问题让人感觉expect不能加that从句，我一开始就选的D，可是看了选项解释还是有疑问，私以为改为： Expect搭配错误，不能用that sb. 再加从句，应该用to，或者改为： several industry analysts expect that automakers, in order to conserve cash, will(不清楚是不是应该改为should, 求指点) be more...

-- by 会员 qiuxinlu (2010/12/2 13:03:24)

huh，其实是expect 后面掉了一个sb. 你的改法正确。另外，应该用will。
我会修正下为: D. Expect sb. that搭配错误，只能用expect that或expect sb. to do

作者: jbc88 时间: 2010-12-16 17:50
PREP1-69, intent的用法 69. (28225-!-item-!-188;#058&003542)
The proliferation of so-called cybersquatters, people who register the Internet domain names of high-profile companies in hopes of reselling the rights to those names for a profit, led to passing the Anti-Cybersquatting Consumer Protection Act in 1999, allowing companies to seek up to $100,000 in damages against those who register domain names with the sole intent of selling them later.
(A) passing the Anti-Cybersquatting Consumer Protection Act in 1999, allowing companies to seek up to $100,000 in damages against those who register domain names with the sole intent of selling
(B) the passage of the Anti-Cybersquatting Consumer Protection Act in 1999, which allows
companies to seek up to $100,000 in damages against those who register domain names with the sole intent that they will sell
(C) the passage in 1999 of the Anti-Cybersquatting Consumer Protection Act, which allows
companies to seek up to $100,000 in damages against those who register domain names with the sole intent of selling
(D) the Anti-Cybersquatting Consumer Protection Act, which was passed in 1999, and it allows companies to seek up to $100,000 in damages against those who register domain names with the sole intent to sell
(E) the Anti-Cybersquatting Consumer Protection Act, passed in 1999 and allowing companies to seek up to $100,000 in damages against those who register domain names with the sole intent of
selling
答案是C.

而08里说 intent of doing错

作者: 天使追梦 时间: 2010-12-17 02:40
有2个问题：
1、194题D项：be able to 的be可以省略吗？
之前一般都是形容词前的be和被动的be不能共用。但这里形容词的be和be able to 的be 可以共用吗？

2、210题斑斑对于which的解释。。感觉nothing is impossible。。能总结一下吗？
好比：1）a of b什么时候修饰a,什么时候修饰b?
2）“，修饰语，”什么时候跳过去，什么时候不跳？
3）形如“a of b 介词c”这种结构，一般都说which够不到，因为太远。那么这种时候which是修饰c吗？

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2010-12-17 22:59
1. 可以共用的，形容词前的be是一个系动词，be able to的be也是一个系动词。
2.
（1）嗯，所以对于which的选项是比出来的。而且很多时候其实which的修饰并没有什么不对，只有不如另一个选项用得好，也就是说这个语法点很活，没有什么严格意义上的规则。
（2）还是不一定，看逻辑。如果产生歧义，那么这个which就用得不好，不能说绝对错，所以要找别的入手点来confirm这个选项的错误。如果两个选项只有这个差别，那么就用更清晰的那个。
（3）不过which这个点中也有几个小点，是必错的：A of B in C, which这里which不可能修饰B.只可能修饰A与C。

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2010-12-17 22:59

PREP1-69, intent的用法 69. (28225-!-item-!-188;#058&003542)
The proliferation of so-called cybersquatters, people who register the Internet domain names of high-profile companies in hopes of reselling the rights to those names for a profit, led to passing the Anti-Cybersquatting Consumer Protection Act in 1999, allowing companies to seek up to $100,000 in damages against those who register domain names with the sole intent of selling them later.
(A) passing the Anti-Cybersquatting Consumer Protection Act in 1999, allowing companies to seek up to $100,000 in damages against those who register domain names with the sole intent of selling
(B) the passage of the Anti-Cybersquatting Consumer Protection Act in 1999, which allows
companies to seek up to $100,000 in damages against those who register domain names with the sole intent that they will sell
(C) the passage in 1999 of the Anti-Cybersquatting Consumer Protection Act, which allows
companies to seek up to $100,000 in damages against those who register domain names with the sole intent of selling
(D) the Anti-Cybersquatting Consumer Protection Act, which was passed in 1999, and it allows companies to seek up to $100,000 in damages against those who register domain names with the sole intent to sell
(E) the Anti-Cybersquatting Consumer Protection Act, passed in 1999 and allowing companies to seek up to $100,000 in damages against those who register domain names with the sole intent of
selling
答案是C.

而08里说 intent of doing错

-- by 会员 jbc88 (2010/12/16 17:50:03)

nice guesture!
I'll correct this point later.

作者: 天使追梦 时间: 2010-12-17 23:14

1. 可以共用的，形容词前的be是一个系动词，be able to的be也是一个系动词。
2.
（1）嗯，所以对于which的选项是比出来的。而且很多时候其实which的修饰并没有什么不对，只有不如另一个选项用得好，也就是说这个语法点很活，没有什么严格意义上的规则。
（2）还是不一定，看逻辑。如果产生歧义，那么这个which就用得不好，不能说绝对错，所以要找别的入手点来confirm这个选项的错误。如果两个选项只有这个差别，那么就用更清晰的那个。
（3）不过which这个点中也有几个小点，是必错的：A of B in C, which这里which不可能修饰B.只可能修饰A与C。

-- by 会员 aeoluseros (2010/12/17 22:59:19)

看过之后，通了~~thx~
再问下prep1 215D项解释。我记得上回斑斑说including在这里是介词的，不是动词-ing的。

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2010-12-19 00:01

-- by 会员 aeoluseros (2010/12/17 22:59:19)

看过之后，通了~~thx~
再问下prep1 215D项解释。我记得上回斑斑说including在这里是介词的，不是动词-ing的。

-- by 会员天使追梦 (2010/12/17 23:14:25)

嗯，对的，1.08版里对prep1-215的D解释有过修正

作者: 天使追梦 时间: 2010-12-19 17:40
。。哦，不好意思，没更新的说。。
prep2 148 D 中对于独立主格的解释不是很理解。。为什么“伴随they begen growing很荒谬”呢？

(不说形式，光说什么时候用)我对独立主格的理解：
1、如果那个句子能用定从就近修饰，那它就不对~~因为要修饰的是整句。
2、独立主格不光可以表伴随，还可以表结果。
看来我知道的不全呀。。

作者: windmaple 时间: 2010-12-21 01:59
excellent work!!

对于Version 1.08的补充

195:
补充
due to和because of的区别:
The word pairs “because of” and “due to” are not interchangeable. The reason they are not is that they “grew up” differently in the language.
“Because of” grew up as an adverb; “due to” grew up as an adjective. Remember that adjectives modify only nouns or pronouns, whereas adverbs usually modify verbs. (The fact that adverbs occasionally modify other adverbs or even adjectives and entire phrases is not relevant to this particular discussion.)
To be more precise, with their attendant words, “due to” and “because of” operate as adjectival and adverbial prepositional phrases. To understand how the functions of “due to” and “because of” vary, look at these sentences.
1. His defeat was due to the lottery issue.
2. He was defeated because of the lottery issue.
In sentence #1, his is a possessive pronoun that modifies the noun defeat. The verb “was” is a linking verb. So, to create a sentence, we need a subject complement after the verb “was.” The adjectival prepositional phrase “due to the lottery issue” is that complement, linked to the subject by “was.” Thus, it modifies the noun defeat.
But in sentence #2, the pronoun "he" has become the sentence's subject. The verb is now “was defeated.” As reconstructed, “He was defeated” could in fact be a complete sentence. And “due to” has nothing to modify. It's an adjective, remember? It can't very well modify the pronoun “he,” can it?
Neither can it refer to “was defeated” because adjectives don't modify verbs. Sentence 2, therefore, should read: “He was defeated because of the lottery issue.” Now the “why” of the verb “was defeated” is explained, properly, by an adverbial prepositional phrase, “because of.”
In informal speech, we probably can get by with such improper usage as “His defeat was because of the lottery issue,” and “He was defeated due to the lottery issue.” But we shouldn't accept that kind of sloppiness in writing. We don't want to look stupid among those in the audience who know better. If we show them we don't care about the language, how can we expect them to believe us when we tell them that we care about the facts?

212:
习惯用语（idiom）逻辑意思（logical prediction）
typo: logical predication. Looks like a typo all over the place, use 'batch replace' in Word to do the trick

214:
综上所述，_但_一个定语从句同时是另一个

218:
关于A的补充：（from Manhattan GMAT）
Question: Would "fewer than those" be a correct answer? Please explain.

Answer:
nope.

you can't use parallel constructions with "those"/"that"/etc, in separate clauses, unless they are EXACTLY PARALLEL to whatever shows up in the other part.

in this case:
you can't write "those killed by bee stings"
unless
the other part contains "people killed by the great white shark" (with NOTHING IN BETWEEN).
it doesn't, so you can't.

"THOSE (no verb) killed by bee stings" would have to correspond to "(THE) PEOPLE (no verb) killed by the shark".
this is not what the first part here says; the first part here says "ONLY SEVEN PEOPLE HAVE BEEN killed by the shark", which fails on two counts: (1) it has a verb (it's not supposed to); (2) you can't cherry-pick "people" from the construction "only seven people".

关于E的补充：（from Manhattan GMAT）
first, i'm about 99% sure that we are not allowed to use "ones" to refer to people.
second, i'm also about 99% sure that "THE ones" must refer back to "THE some other noun".

223:
选项C的补充: (from Manhattan GMAT)
Question: Why in"in its paying to.....", the "paying" is not gerund?

Answer:
this is a tricky issue; it's unclear to me whether kamal appreciates the full complexity of what is going on here, so here is my attempt at a fuller explanation:
if there exists a dedicated noun form of a word, then don't use a gerund if you can use that noun form instead.

e.g.
don't use "developing" as a gerund, since you can use "development".
don't use "paying" as a gerund, since you can use "payment".

for gerunds that have no such alternative noun form, it is of course perfectly correct to use the gerund:
her singing of the national anthem at yesterday's game was beautiful.
(there's no dedicated noun form such as "singment" or "singation" or "sing-anything-else", so the gerund here is perfectly respectable.)

225:
选项D，两个D, typo

228:
both错误同A；rooted with没有问题。
I don't understand this part "rooted with没有问题", where is "rooted with"?

231:
(2) allow sb. to be done也是对的
typo, sb. 应该是sth., you do know what 'do sb.' means, right?

240:
A. correct；than后面省略了babies were born to women；it指代the age of thirty。
应该是babies born to women，没有were

AS poor as they are, they can ont afford a car.
typo: ont -> not.
My French nerve just reminded me that 'ont' is the conjugated French word for 'have', btw

注意AS有时不表比较的如as you word hard, you will pass the exam.表原因了。
typo: word -> work

作者: windmaple 时间: 2010-12-22 11:53
test 2
221 E的解释不对
make it在口语里用的很多，比如: Finally you made it here，意思就是做到了，达到了
另外一个例子：
10 Sexy Apps That Made It Into The iPhone App Store

into应该接地方或者类似的名词

作者: windmaple 时间: 2010-12-23 07:52
test 1
190:
E补充下里面关于while的解释

* "while" MUST be used with a clause or participial phrase. it can't be used with a construction that doesn't contain any sort of verb form (such as this one, which is just noun + prepositional phrase).

作者: windmaple 时间: 2010-12-25 01:57
test 2
177:
补充说明：
each per year并不重复。

each是修饰cows的，跟per year没关系，这个说明不对

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2010-12-27 13:03

。。哦，不好意思，没更新的说。。
prep2 148 D 中对于独立主格的解释不是很理解。。为什么“伴随they begen growing很荒谬”呢？

(不说形式，光说什么时候用)我对独立主格的理解：
1、如果那个句子能用定从就近修饰，那它就不对~~因为要修饰的是整句。
2、独立主格不光可以表伴随，还可以表结果。
看来我知道的不全呀。。

-- by 会员天使追梦 (2010/12/19 17:40:11)

嗯，158D的解释不太对劲，我修正了一下
D。in a 1991 report位置不对，放在中间使得with moderate alcohol consumption有修饰它的歧义；其次用in a 1991 report表达了仅仅是在该报告里面是linked的，言下之意即报告之外不一定linked，所以用in a 1991 report的表达不准确，不如A的表达；red wine不能修饰alcohol consumption，要在red wine前面加上of；they began growing中的they离其指代对象sales过远。

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2010-12-27 14:44

excellent work!!

对于Version 1.08的补充

195:
……
……

-- by 会员 windmaple (2010/12/21 1:59:13)

细致+实力，一年前我一定强邀windmaple来编写组，你的建议非常非常有用！

1-228题rooted with应该是打错了，应该是that was rooted和rooted都没有问题
1-240题确实多打了were

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2010-12-27 15:25

test 2
221 E的解释不对
make it在口语里用的很多，比如: Finally you made it here，意思就是做到了，达到了
另外一个例子：
10 Sexy Apps That Made It Into The iPhone App Store

into应该接地方或者类似的名词

-- by 会员 windmaple (2010/12/22 11:53:01)

嗯，不过口语中的you made it中的it用法无法在GMAT中接受，要换用so。
在写时E选项时我的理解是：E选项想把it指代那个A Raisin in the Sun，所以make才用了主动，所以才那样解释，看来造成误会了。
我修正一下：
E. A Raisin in the Sun不能把自己变为电影和音乐剧，因此make需要用被动，it无所指。

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2010-12-27 15:32

test 1
190:
E补充下里面关于while的解释

* "while" MUST be used with a clause or participial phrase. it can't be used with a construction that doesn't contain any sort of verb form (such as this one, which is just noun + prepositional phrase).

-- by 会员 windmaple (2010/12/23 7:52:09)

嗯，“可以省”修正为“必须省”

作者: windmaple 时间: 2010-12-30 06:50
test 1
197 能否直接mark "not only...but it also..." as controversial？虽然最后结论基本上是acceptable under certain circumstances，但是貌似也没个定论
I got so confused when I read it the first time ....

A. not only 位于句首时，所引导的句子要用倒装，give和create是and连接的两个并列成分，而时态已经被did提前，只能用原形。所以这里gave错。**But it also没有错**。例见大全354.

在正常语序中: 短语本身不可以加入其它成份，比如变成：**not only...but it also...是错误的**（因为破坏了平衡）。

作者: windmaple 时间: 2010-12-30 08:24
test 1
207 B选项"With引导独立主格结构有修饰歧义", this is a very good point! 这题能否补充下关于“夹心”的讨论，就是S, v-ing, VO的，v-ing既可以往前修饰S，也可以往后修饰V，我觉得跟B选项很类似

上次看到那个讨论夹心的帖子，但是好像没cover这种情况，笔记里貌似也没看到有讨论夹心的(or maybe there is??)

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2010-12-30 08:28

test 1
197 能否直接mark "not only...but it also..." as controversial？虽然最后结论基本上是acceptable under certain circumstances，但是貌似也没个定论
I got so confused when I read it the first time ....

A. not only 位于句首时，所引导的句子要用倒装，give和create是and连接的两个并列成分，而时态已经被did提前，只能用原形。所以这里gave错。**But it also没有错**。例见大全354.

在正常语序中: 短语本身不可以加入其它成份，比如变成：**not only...but it also...是错误的**（因为破坏了平衡）。

-- by 会员 windmaple (2010/12/30 6:50:43)

嗯，你说的对，现在看回去上下文确实有写confusing，或许修改一下措辞“But it also在此没有错，用法见题后补充”这样更容易让人理解。
如果直接就mark为controversial，可在GMAT中又没有出现过例外，you know，很多语法现象至今仍处于争议，所以不如先提出一个符合GMAT用法的观点，要不大家会更confused的。

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2010-12-30 08:32

test 1
207 B选项"With引导独立主格结构有修饰歧义", this is a very good point! 这题能否补充下关于“夹心”的讨论，就是S, v-ing, VO的，v-ing既可以往前修饰S，也可以往后修饰V，我觉得跟B选项很类似

上次看到那个讨论夹心的帖子，但是好像没cover这种情况，笔记里貌似也没看到有讨论夹心的(or maybe there is??)

-- by 会员 windmaple (2010/12/30 8:24:39)

嗯，以前有过关于夹心的讨论，不过没有非常正式的总结。
不过夹心并不是“可以往前修饰S，也可以往后修饰V” ，其实一个成分可以看为做定语向前修饰主语，也可以看作做状语向后修饰谓语动词，虽然修饰上有歧义，表达的意思只有一个。所以歧义修饰，是因为引发了不同的理解，而并不是语法上是否会有不同的修饰，所以夹心修饰也是这个原则。

作者: windmaple 时间: 2010-12-30 10:43
> 嗯，你说的对，现在看回去上下文确实有写confusing，或许修改一下措辞“But it
> also在此没有错，用法见题后补充”这样更容易让人理解。
> 如果直接就mark为controversial，可在GMAT中又没有出现过例外，you
> know，很多语法现象至今仍处于争议，所以不如先提出一个符合GMAT用法的观点，要不大家会更confused的。

Agreed. A change of wording may go a long way in this case.

> 嗯，以前有过关于夹心的讨论，不过没有非常正式的总结。
> 不过夹心并不是“可以往前修饰S，也可以往后修饰V”
> ，其实一个成分可以看为做定语向前修饰主语，也可以看作做状语向后修饰谓语动词，虽然修饰上有歧义，表达的意思只有一个。所以歧义修饰，是因为引发了不同的理解，而并不是语法上是否会有不同的修饰，所以夹心修饰也是这个原则。

Nice way to put it. Point taken!

作者: windmaple 时间: 2010-12-30 10:54
test 1
216 A选项的解释是错的: "A. 主系表结构的比较后面的are多余（more修饰不到carbon，所以A里面就算are不补出，也没有carbon和fungi对比的歧义）"

OG12-18说B选项（就是A选项去掉are）This sentence claims that plants acquire carbon more efficiently than they acquire fungi, which is also nonsensical. ----- This means the explanation above for A is not approved by GMAC

建议把OG的解释直接copy上去

作者: windmaple 时间: 2010-12-30 11:25
test 1
217
考点1里面说到了Not one of =none of，我想补充：

None可以等于not one（动词用单数），也可以等于not any（动词用复数），这个是有争论的，Manhattan Review SC上的SANAM说none要看情况定动词单复数，manhattan forum上的结论是：因为none在OG里面从来没用过复数动词，所以大家还是选单数吧

作者: windmaple 时间: 2010-12-30 15:49
test 1
230
C. who的指代错误同A

A里面的who没错啊，而且A,C里面2个who完全不一样啊，am I missing something obvious here?

作者: 家有懒猫 时间: 2010-12-30 20:48
192. (GWD-7-Q20) 题

选项B 解释说 but是转折，but also递进，根据语义simutaneously with与independently of相反，所以but also使用错误；

但是在 197. (GWD-8-Q20) 题里

Zeldaw里程碑式的帖子说 but/but also才是表示转折的意思.
－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－
我觉得192题解释有误，not only.. but also 表示递进，但是but also 单独使用，应该表示转折

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