423. In virtually all types of tissue in every animal species, dioxin induces the production of enzymes that are the organism’s trying to metabolize, or render harmless, the chemical that is irritating it.
(A) trying to metabolize, or render harmless, the chemical that is irritating it
(B) trying that it metabolize, or render harmless, the chemical irritant
(C) attempt to try to metabolize, or render harmless, such a chemical irritant
(D) attempt to try and metabolize, or render harmless, the chemical irritating it
(E) attempt to metabolize, or render harmless, the chemical irritant
答案是E，没有问题。请教A，D中it指代问题：it在意思上我觉得指代organism，但是以前ecsniffer说：代词 it / they 只能指代真正的名词形式，连 名词1's 名词2 结构中的 名词1 都不能指代，
按照这个原则，这里的it指代是不对的。请NN确认
1. Inflation in medical costs slowed in 1986 for the fifth consecutive year but were still about 50 percent greater than the rate of price increases for other items included in the consumer price index.
(A) Inflation in medical costs slowed in 1986 for the fifth consecutive year but were
(B) Inflation in medical costs slowed for the fifth consecutive year in 1986 but was
(C) In 1986 inflation in medical costs were slowed for the fifth consecutive year but were
答案是B，主谓一致排除的。没问题。
我想问：如果将A，C中的were全部改为was后，A，C对吗？？in 1986这个状语放在哪里好？？
1,it=dioxin
2,看不出A，B，C的区别。C改为was slowed。
我觉得423中it意思上指代organism，因为the chemical that is irritating it的意思是正在刺激它的化学物
这个它意思上不能指代dioxin ，dioxin 是这种刺激物，它指代organism
字体这么小？
个人陋见：
423，dreadpower言之有理。
2、in 1986这个状语要放在前一个句子的谓语后面。个人认为，把A中were改为was是答案，但C，则不是。因为C中in 1986是修饰整个句子，而非前一分句：Inflation in medical costs slowed for the fifth consecutive year in 1986。
这里的in 1986是和for the fifth consecutive year连用来修饰slowed。后一分句则是传承第一句的时态来表达意思的，不需要再用in 1986来表示时间了。
不过， 我自己也觉得我的解释牵强；提出来，让大家一起来批评吧！
关于423题，我主要想确认“代词 it / they 只能指代真正的名词形式，连 名词1's 名词2 结构中的 名词1 都不能指代”这个原则的用法，因为我从没用过这个原则，也并未确认。正好看到423，觉得符合这个原则，所以请大家帮我确认一下，A，D中的it指代是否可按照这个原则判断
关于429题：因为OG老是提到状语修饰歧义问题，因此才问，大家还有什么看法吗？？
423，晕。不好意思，我只盯住chemical irritant了。it指代organism。印象中见过这样指代的，很少，当时还有些奇怪，但现在找不到了。我觉得这样虽然不好，但应该是可以的。
429，表示确定时间的时间状语通常放在句子最末尾，也可置于句首。如涉及到一个以上的时间副词，则特殊到一般，时间+星期+日期+年份。
423：it, they指代所有格中的物主名词/代词，一般来说是不行的。（如：http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?boardID=23&ID=47326&page=1 E答案such n.的指代也不行。）
但我也好像记得有一个例子可以的。总之，在找到这个例子之前，就认为以上是100%正确的。
另，n +of +n，两个名词都可以用代词进行指代，用单复来区分。
再问423：
OG的解释中提到“Although an "-ing" verb such as trying can sometimes be used as a noun, the phrase the organism's trying to metabolize in A is unidiomatic because trying is used as the object of organism's.”此处，为什么trying作为organism的宾语就是unidiomatic的。尽管该题用其他语法点可以选出正确答案，但还是想在此处弄个明白，多谢各位指点。
OG11里面的解释是：
The -ing form of a verb can be used as a noun, but it is often awkward, particularly when used with a possessive, as in this case.
为什么和楼上的不太一样？
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