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标题: OG11 四问，请大家帮助，谢谢 [打印本页]

作者: fanyake 时间: 2010-6-2 23:39
标题: OG11 四问，请大家帮助，谢谢
69. A report by the American Academy for the Advancement of Science has concluded that much of the currentlyuncontrolled dioxins to which North Americans areexposed comes from the incineration of wastes.
(A)much of the currently uncontrolled dioxins to which North Americans are exposed comes
(B)much of the currently uncontrolled dioxins that North Americans are exposed to come
(C)much of the dioxins that are currently uncontrolled and that North Americans are exposed to comes
(D)many of the dioxins that are currently uncontrolled and North Americans are exposed to come
(E)many of the currently uncontrolled dioxins to which North Americans are exposed come

答案是E
对D选项有些疑问，答案中说如果一定要用that定语从句的话，后半句that不能省略，即应该为
many of the dioxins that are currently uncontrolled and that North Americans are exposed to come
这里是为什么不能省略？
如果没有省略的话，D选项相对于E选项又差在哪里？

75. Salt deposits and moisture threaten to destroy the Mohenjo-Daro excavation in Pakistan, the site of an ancient civilization that flourished at the same timeas the civilizations in the Nile delta and the river valleys of the Tigris and Euphrates.
(A)that flourished at the same time as the civilizations
(B)that had flourished at the same time as had the civilizations
(C)that flourished at the same time those had
(D)flourishing at the same time as those did
(E)flourishing at the same time as those were
答案是A
答案对选项D和E的解释中提到，复数代词those不能指代单数名次cicilization,因此缺少指代对象，所有不对
但问题是，正确答案A中，用到的也是复数 civilizations，而非单数，这是为什么
D或者E怎么改才能是正确的？去掉did或者were？答案说他们是unnecessary,用分词短语作修饰部分应该也是可以的吧？

80. New hardy varieties of rice show promise of producing high yields without the costly requirements of irrigation and application ofcommercial fertilizer by earlier high-yieldingvarieties.
(A)requirements of irrigation and application of commercial fertilizer by earlier high-yielding varieties
(B)requirements by earlier high-yielding varieties of application of commercial fertilizer and irrigation
(C)requirements for application of commercial fertilizer and irrigation of earlier high-yielding varieties
(D)application of commercial fertilizer and irrigation that was required by earlier high-yielding varieties
(E)irrigation and application of commercial fertilizer that were required by earlier high-yielding varieties
这题完全击倒了我，被几个长单词搞晕了，不过我觉得这题的关键在于对意思的完全理解
请大侠帮忙分析下题目的确切含义和语法结构

90. The peaks of a mountain range, acting like rocks in a streambed, produce ripples in the air flowing over them; the resulting flow pattern, with crests and troughs that remainstationary although the air that forms them is movingrapidly, are known as ^"standing waves."
(A)crests and troughs that remain stationary although the air that forms them is moving rapidly, are
(B)crests and troughs that remain stationary although they are formed by rapidly moving air, are
(C)crests and troughs that remain stationary although the air that forms them is moving rapidly, is
(D)stationary crests and troughs although the air that forms them is moving rapidly, are
(E)stationary crests and troughs although they are formed by rapidly moving air, is

答案是C
想问E差在哪里？答案说although引导的从句awkward and unclear, 大家能否解释下这怎么讲？

上面四题劳烦大家帮忙解释，抓耳挠腮啊

作者: silent7706 时间: 2010-6-3 04:40
69. You CANNOT omit "that", because parallel clauses should start with the same word. For instance,
"Abigail thinks that UM is a great school and that MIT is great too."

In the example D) you gave, we have two clauses, namely "that are currently..." and "that North Americans..."

75. A)正确在于它明确写出"civilizations", 所以不存C), D), E)中"those"没有指代的问题。

作者: typhoon_wang 时间: 2010-6-3 05:22
留个脚印，回头看ＮＮ的讲解

作者: fanyake 时间: 2010-6-3 12:21
thanks for your explanation for 69

75. A)正确在于它明确写出"civilizations", 所以不存C), D), E)中"those"没有指代的问题。

===从OG对D和E的解释看，这两个选项是用了复数的代词与单数的civilization不符才造成的指代不明，而正确答案中却用的civilizations,正好也是复数，也就是说用代词也该用复数的才对啊，还是不明白===

作者: silent7706 时间: 2010-6-3 22:04

thanks for your explanation for 69

75. A)正确在于它明确写出"civilizations", 所以不存C), D), E)中"those"没有指代的问题。

===从OG对D和E的解释看，这两个选项是用了复数的代词与单数的civilization不符才造成的指代不明，而正确答案中却用的civilizations,正好也是复数，也就是说用代词也该用复数的才对啊，还是不明白===

-- by 会员 fanyake (2010/6/3 12:21:17)

如果你用了"those", 因为这里前面"civilization"是单数，所以"those"没有指代对象。
A)用"civilizations", 避免了上面所说的错误。而且第一个"civilization"应该是单数，因为是"an ancient civilization"。
不知道这样解释是否清楚。

作者: fanyake 时间: 2010-6-3 23:51

[/quote]

如果你用了"those", 因为这里前面"civilization"是单数，所以"those"没有指代对象。
A)用"civilizations", 避免了上面所说的错误。而且第一个"civilization"应该是单数，因为是"an ancient civilization"。
不知道这样解释是否清楚。

-- by 会员 silent7706 (2010/6/3 22:04:33)

[/quote]
好像有点明白了，可不可以这么理解：代词一定用于指代文中出现过的人或物，即有所指，而此处根本不能用代词，因为如果用了代词，它所指代的对象"civilizations in the Nile----"前文根本没有出现过，所以是不正确的

这样理解不知道对不对？

作者: msufcu 时间: 2010-6-4 10:30
69. d 加上that感觉还选e 一个流畅的句子被切开太啰唆

作者: silent7706 时间: 2010-6-4 23:52

好像有点明白了，可不可以这么理解：代词一定用于指代文中出现过的人或物，即有所指，而此处根本不能用代词，因为如果用了代词，它所指代的对象"civilizations in the Nile----"前文根本没有出现过，所以是不正确的

这样理解不知道对不对？

-- by 会员 fanyake (2010/6/3 23:51:42)

Yep, you got it. 因为前文没有出现过"civilizations", 所以"those"不可能指代"civilizations".

作者: fanyake 时间: 2010-6-5 21:14

-- by 会员 fanyake (2010/6/3 23:51:42)

Yep, you got it. 因为前文没有出现过"civilizations", 所以"those"不可能指代"civilizations".

-- by 会员 silent7706 (2010/6/4 23:52:06)

thanks, silent7706

能否也帮忙看下最后一题，90

作者: silent7706 时间: 2010-6-6 04:46
This is an explanation I took from my GMAT instructor:

"Although" is used to separate clauses with verbs. Look at the additive phrase "with stationary crests and troughs although they are formed by rapidly moving air" in E), the subordinator "although" is used after a prepositional phrase, "with stationary crests and troughs", while in C), a clause "crests and troughs that remain stationary" is used before "although". Therefore, E) is incorrect.

作者: fanyake 时间: 2010-6-6 11:25
thanks, got it

作者: mikiluang 时间: 2010-6-6 11:35
69，E比较简洁啊..n+that adv.(adj.)..可以直接用adv.+adj.+n.这样的结构替换

70那个就是比较的对称形式

80那个 and的平行结构。。

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