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标题: 请教：大全最新真题15题中的第10题和12题 [打印本页]

作者: 晓路 时间: 2004-4-14 21:22
标题: 请教：大全最新真题15题中的第10题和12题

多谢！

10. Young female ballet dancers and gymnasts sometimes fail to maintain good eating habits caused by the desire to be as thin as possible.
(A) Young female ballet dancers and gymnasts sometimes fail to maintain good eating habits caused by the desire to be as thin as possible.
(B) Good eating habits sometimes fail to be maintained by young female ballet dancers and gymnasts caused by desiring to be as thin as possible.
(C) Because they desire to be as thin as possible, good eating habits are sometimes not maintained by young female ballet dancers and gymnasts.
(D) Because they desire to be as thin as possible, young female ballet dancers and gymnasts sometimes fail to maintain good eating habits.
(E) Young female ballet dancers and gymnasts sometimes fail to maintain good eating habits because they desire to be as thin as possible.

Key: D
What's the difference between D and E?

12. Sulfur dioxide, a major contributor to acid rain, is an especially serious pollutant because it diminishes the respiratory system’s ability to deal with all other pollutants.
(A) an especially serious pollutant because it diminishes the respiratory system’s ability to deal
(B) an especially serious pollutant because of diminishing the respiratory system’s capability of dealing
(C) an especially serious pollutant because it diminishes the capability of the respiratory system in dealing
(D) a specially serious pollutant because it diminishes the capability of the respiratory system to deal
(E) a specially serious pollutant because of diminishing the respiratory system’s ability to deal

Key: A
What's the difference between A and D?

作者: tianwan 时间: 2004-4-14 22:56

10，E，they前面有2个pl。指代模糊。牵强吧，实在找不到别的错了。

12，D，当specially有especially的意思时，specially只在口语中用。GMAT不考口语。to deal 可能会修饰system。这是A为什么不用of结构的原因。

ETS很狡猾。专门考我们容易错的地方。请NN发表高见。

作者: 晓路 时间: 2004-4-14 23:25

同意解释

谢谢！

作者: 雪落无声 时间: 2004-4-14 23:45

以下是引用tianwan在2004-4-14 22:56:00的发言：

to deal 可能会修饰system。这是A为什么不用of结构的原因。

能再解释一下这句话?

1.ablity to do 是习惯用法,对吗? to deal 可能会修饰system?

2.system 's ablity不是说只有人的所有格时候才用'S吗?这里为什么可以用?

[此贴子已经被作者于2004-4-14 23:48:09编辑过]

作者: bon 时间: 2004-4-15 14:46

我觉得第一题的d和e主要是句子重心的差别，句子主要强调结果，而不是原因，所以d对

代词指带的错误有点牵强

作者: jnlvo 时间: 2004-4-15 15:50

2.system 's ablity不是说只有人的所有格时候才用'S吗?这里为什么可以用?

这条公理我认为可以不记，gmat中非人的所有格用'S的不少。

作者: weiyu 时间: 2004-4-16 07:24

睡了一晚上。想出点ETS的思路供大家来批。

I do not think A, because B... ETS要我们翻译成认为A不是因为B；即逻辑中的A->~B, 是个逆否命题，强调结论。　

上句话也可以是：B->~A就是原命题的逻辑；

所以当原因状语主从句表达否定意思时，because在后是逆否命题，强调结果。because在前是原命题，强调原因。

但是表示肯定意思时，就不大清楚了。因为英语和中文的意思是一样的。

请指教？？？

作者: jnlvo 时间: 2004-4-17 23:10

不愧为逻辑区的版主。我感觉这么说是有些道理，不过最好还有更多的例子来说明佐证，否则还是有点抽象。

这题我没想到这么深，选的依据主要是选最常见的，最不可能产生歧义的选项。就如doing sth. ，sb+谓语和sb.，doing sth，谓语，如果其它看不出什么不同，只是doing的位置不同，我就选前者，因为这最常用，最不容易错。

作者: tianwan 时间: 2004-4-17 23:11

I do not think A, because B 的意思只有：因为B，所以不认为A（I don't think A and the reason is B)

I do not think A because B的意思可能是：因为B，所以不认为A (I don't think A and the reason is B)or 不是因为B才认为A(I think A and the reason is not B)，一般取后者。

逗号很关键,没有逗号会引起歧义，书面语中一般取后者，口语中根据重音决定。

作者: ecsniffer 时间: 2004-4-17 23:25

以下是引用weiyu在2004-4-16 7:24:00的发言：

睡了一晚上。想出点ETS的思路供大家来批。

I do not think A, because B... ETS要我们翻译成认为A不是因为B；即逻辑中的A->~B, 是个逆否命题，强调结论。　

上句话也可以是：B->~A就是原命题的逻辑；

这点我同意！！

weiyu考虑的好仔细！

不过，ets应该不会考的这么细吧~~

作者: dreadpower 时间: 2004-4-18 20:06

weiyu的逻辑思路实在令我佩服

讨论这个题目之前。我一直是这么认为的，ETS要求一定的逻辑表述，先发生的，先决的要先写，记得OG中有道两个分词在句首并列的那题提到过这点所以，我觉得在D，E都可的情况下，选D比较规范化。

[此贴子已经被作者于2004-4-18 20:10:09编辑过]

作者: weiyu 时间: 2004-4-18 21:46

以下是引用dreadpower在2004-4-18 20:06:00的发言：

weiyu的逻辑思路实在令我佩服

解释的好，谢谢，谢谢！！！那你同意Tianwan的歧意解释吗？？

作者: dreadpower 时间: 2004-4-18 21:54

之前我从没想过这个问题，也不知道相关的语法知识，

我看tianwan兄的解释满有道理的。。。

tianwan兄非常严谨，颇有GEMJ风范，应该不会错的！

[此贴子已经被作者于2004-4-18 21:55:20编辑过]

作者: ReedSong 时间: 2004-4-19 17:56

以下是引用tianwan在2004-4-17 23:11:00的发言：

I do not think A, because B 的意思只有：因为B，所以不认为A（I don't think A and the reason is B)

I do not think A because B的意思可能是：因为B，所以不认为A (I don't think A and the reason is B)or 不是因为B才认为A(I think A and the reason is not B)，一般取后者。

逗号很关键,没有逗号会引起歧义，书面语中一般取后者，口语中根据重音决定。

非常赞同！！！在字典中找到了依据：

When because follows a negated verb phrase, it should be preceded by a comma when the because clause explains why the event did not occur. He didn't marry her, because she was frivolous means roughly, “Her frivolity was his reason for not marrying her.” When no comma is used, the because clause is understood as part of what is being negated. He didn't marry her because she was frivolous means roughly, “His reason for marrying her was independent of her frivolity.”

[此贴子已经被作者于2004-4-19 17:56:58编辑过]

作者: cranberry 时间: 2004-4-19 18:48
这个关于because的讨论很有教益，但我觉得此题不是考这个，D的错误在于含有歧义，我们可以翻译成“为了对付其它的污染物，它（二氧化硫）降低了呼吸系统的能力”，带to的不定式应该优先表达的是句子主语的功用或目的。

作者: jnlvo 时间: 2004-4-19 21:17
lewping小妹妹，你有好东东想给大家，可以和总管Zeros联系，他会给你些好建议。你这样一个帖子一个帖子的发消息，太辛苦，而且可能达不到预期的效果。

作者: QQSS 时间: 2004-7-16 11:41

大家关于because 的讨论真的很见真谛。

但我觉得young female题本身来讲，句子中心的判断是决胜的法宝：

我觉得本题在于强调fail to keep good habits的事实，而强调部分或重点陈述部分一般在句子后半段，所以有时间约束下，就选D。

作者: joe11 时间: 2004-7-30 10:42

Need more assistance.

Q10. D vs. E.

Q12. A vs. D.

作者: mariezhu 时间: 2004-7-31 04:11

About especially and specially, please refer to

http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?boardid=23&id=62197

作者: joe11 时间: 2004-8-4 01:03

Thanks, mariezhu.

That explains Q12.

Still not clear about Q10, D vs. E.

作者: livary 时间: 2006-6-10 11:06

我觉得Reed不是说的解释得很清楚吗? 这里的逗号对句意有影响, 不要逗号可能引起歧义.

作者: lijiahui0422 时间: 2009-9-5 09:21
这个逗号太厉害了，水平又小进步了一些

作者: zxkingsey 时间: 2010-1-27 21:52
根据13楼找到的解释：When because follows a negated verb phrase, it should be preceded by a comma when the because clause explains why the event did not occur. He didn't marry her, because she was frivolous means roughly, “Her frivolity was his reason for not marrying her.” When no comma is used, the because clause is understood as part of what is being negated. He didn't marry her because she was frivolous means roughly, “His reason for marrying her was independent of her frivolity.”
我觉得不是因为存在歧义，而是因为改变了原意。句子是想表达的是：年轻的女芭蕾舞蹈者和体操员常常不能保持好的饮食习惯是因为想尽可能的瘦的欲望，而E去掉逗号之后，句意就变成不是因为想尽可能的瘦的欲望才使年轻的女芭蕾舞蹈者和体操员常常不能保持好的饮食习惯。
TO BE DISCUSSED...

作者: 鸡腿 时间: 2011-8-10 17:03
ability to do ＞ capability of doing

作者: 小小明噢耶 时间: 2019-8-17 16:00
自己整理了一下
because
①看强调原因还是结果（逻辑）
②在gmat语法中，because of doing 出现一般为错，正确的一般为 because of+ n. 同样 on account of doing 一般也错， +n. 正确。
③Wordy way to say "Because" 有以下几种： “due to the fact that,” “owing to the fact that,” “on account of,” and “on the grounds that,”
④当Because开头+代词（it/they）时，注意逻辑主语
10. Young female ballet dancers and gymnasts sometimes fail to maintain good eating habits caused by the desire to be as thin as possible.
(A) Young female ballet dancers and gymnasts sometimes fail to maintain good eating habits caused by the desire to be as thin as possible.
(B) Good eating habits sometimes fail to be maintained by young female ballet dancers and gymnasts caused by desiring to be as thin as possible.
(C) Because they desire to be as thin as possible, good eating habits are sometimes not maintained by young female ballet dancers and gymnasts.
(D) Because they desire to be as thin as possible, young female ballet dancers and gymnasts sometimes fail to maintain good eating habits.
(E) Young female ballet dancers and gymnasts sometimes fail to maintain good eating habits because they desire to be as thin as possible.

C they 指代
E强调错误

①Especial与special
Especial 强调特质
Special 强调一件事的目的
Example: This program has specially designed macros for word processors. (A distinctive purpose) Example: He did especially well in All-Star Game. (A noteworthy performance)

② capacity
表容量，容纳能力 capacity of
表能力 capacity to/capacity for
12. Sulfur dioxide, a major contributor to acid rain, is an especially serious pollutant because it diminishes the respiratory system’s ability to deal with all other pollutants.
(A) an especially serious pollutant because it diminishes the respiratory system’s ability to deal
(B) an especially serious pollutant because of diminishing the respiratory system’s capability of dealing
(C) an especially serious pollutant because it diminishes the capability of the respiratory system in dealing
(D) a specially serious pollutant because it diminishes the capability of the respiratory system to deal
(E) a specially serious pollutant because of diminishing the respiratory system’s ability to deal

B because of+n
B C capacity表能力+ to

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