Historians sometimes forget that history is continually being made and experienced before it is studied, interpreted, and read. These latter activities have their own history, of course, which may impinge in unexpected ways on public events. It is difficult to predict when “new pasts” will overturn established historical interpretations and change the course of history.
In the fall of 1954, for example, C. Vann Woodward delivered a lecture series at the University of Virginia which challenged the prevailing dogma concerning the history, continuity, and uniformity of racial segregation in the South. He argued that the Jim Crow (Jim Crow: n. 〈贬〉黑人) laws of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries not only codified traditional practice but also were a determined effort to erase the considerable progress made by Black people during and after Reconstruction in the 1870’s. This revisionist view of Jim Crow legislation grew in part from the research that Woodward had done for the NAACP legal campaign during its preparation for Brown v. Board of Education. The Supreme Court had issued its ruling in this epochal desegregation case a few months before Woodward’s lectures.
The lectures were soon published as a book, The Strange Career of Jim Crow. Ten years later, in a preface to the second revised edition, Woodward confessed with ironic modesty that the first edition “had begun to suffer under some of the handicaps that might be expected in a history of the American Revolution published in 1776.” That was a bit like hearing Thomas Paine apologize for the timing of his pamphlet Common Sense, which had a comparable impact. Although Common Sense also had a mass readership, Paine had intended to reach and inspire: he was not a historian, and thus not concerned with accuracy or the dangers of historical anachronism. Yet, like Paine, Woodward had an unerring sense of the revolutionary moment, and of how historical evidence could undermine the mythological tradition that was crushing the dreams of new social possibilities. Martin Luther King, Jr., testified to the profound effect of The Strange Career of Jim Crow on the civil rights movement by praising the book and quoting it frequently.
2. It can be inferred from the passage that the “prevailing dogma” (line 10) held that
(A) Jim Crow laws were passed to give legal status to well-established discriminatory practices in the South
(B) Jim Crow laws were passed to establish order and uniformity in the discriminatory practices of different southern states
(C) Jim Crow laws were passed to erase the social gains that Black people had achieved since Reconstruction
(D) the continuity of racial segregation in the South was disrupted by passage of Jim Crow laws（D）
(E) the Jim Crow laws of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries were passed to reverse the effect of earlier Jim Crow laws
5. The attitude of the author of the passage toward the work of C. Vann Woodward is best described as one of
(A) respectful regard
(B) qualified approbation (approbation: n.官方批准, 认可, 嘉许)
(C) implied skepticism
(D) pointed criticism（B）
(E) fervent advocacy
3. Which of the following is the best example of writing that is likely to be subject to the kinds of “handicaps” referred to in line 27?
(A) A history of an auto manufacturing plant written by an employee during an auto-buying boom
(B) A critique of a statewide school-desegregation plan written by an elementary school teacher in that state
(C) A newspaper article assessing the historical importance of a United States President written shortly after the President has taken office
(D) A scientific paper describing the benefits of a certain surgical technique written by the surgeon who developed the technique（C）
(E) Diary entries narrating the events of a battle written by a soldier who participated in the battle
斑竹请不要打我，根据你们的指导我重新看了文章，我认为一段最后一句是结论，2，3段根据结论分解举例，但我实在不理解具体内容与结论的对应关系，上面几道题我都作的不太明白，作者好像是负评价，但结尾有正评价，他的态度我还是不太清楚，麻烦斑竹们在位我 解答一下，万分感谢！！！！！
Historians sometimes forget that history is continually being made and experienced before it is studied, interpreted, and read. These latter activities have their own history, of course, which may impinge in unexpected ways on public events. It is difficult to predict when “new pasts” will overturn established historical interpretations and change the course of history.
In the fall of 1954, for example, C. Vann Woodward delivered a lecture series at the University of Virginia which challenged the prevailing dogma concerning the history, continuity, and uniformity of racial segregation in the South. He argued that the Jim Crow (Jim Crow: n. 〈贬〉黑人) laws of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries not only codified traditional practice but also were a determined effort to erase the considerable progress made by Black people during and after Reconstruction in the 1870’s. 关键就是这句话: He argue = he challenge, 所以argue 后面和challenge后面的内容应该是相关的东东. 他是challenge the prevailing dogma, 就是他不同意这个prevailing dogma. 他argue that JM law……就是他认为这个JIM CROW Law的弊端在于: 此法律不仅仅使得旧的传统势力合法, 即, 使得歧视黑人的行为合法化, 而且还把从前的运动的成果给取消了. 那么就是说这个prevailing dogma 认为JIM CROW LAW : (C) Jim Crow laws were passed to erase the social gains that Black people had achieved since Reconstruction
原文和PumpkinMM的理解稍有出入： In the fall of 1954, for example, C. Vann Woodward delivered a lecture series at the University of Virginia which challenged the prevailing dogma concerning the history, continuity, and uniformity of racial segregation in the South. He argued that the Jim Crow (Jim Crow: n. 〈贬〉黑人) laws of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries not only codified traditional practice but also were a determined effort to erase the considerable progress made by Black people during and after Reconstruction in the 1870’s. 意思是说CVW的理论挑战了传统观点就南部种族歧视的历史，延续性和一致性。他认为(argue)JC的法案不仅合法化了传统行为（种族歧视）而且抹杀了在19世纪70年代及其之后重建时期黑人的作用。所以传统观点认为的是JC法案将终止种族歧视（D)
This revisionist view of Jim Crow legislation grew in part from the research that Woodward had done for the NAACP legal campaign during its preparation for Brown v. Board of Education. The Supreme Court had issued its ruling in this epochal desegregation case a few months before Woodward’s lectures. 这里完全是正面态度, 作者支持同意 CBW的观点啊, 用的词都是好词: revisionist, challenge the prevailing dogma, 作者反对那个prevailing dogma
The lectures were soon published as a book, The Strange Career of Jim Crow. Ten years later, in a preface to the second revised edition, Woodward confessed with ironic modesty that the first edition “had begun to suffer under some of the handicaps that might be expected in a history of the American Revolution published in 1776.”
这时“马后炮”，偶当时也错了。可能有点美国历史常识，老美大概不会错，看看多愚蠢的一句话“希望在1776年出版一部关于美国革命的历史，可是常识是美国革命1776才开始，好像是在我们中学历史里提到过” (即一个东东刚开始就要对其总结性论述或评价）
(C) A newspaper article assessing the historical importance of a United States President written shortly after the President has taken office (一个报纸在新总统刚刚上任就要对其历史重要性作评价）
That was a bit like hearing Thomas Paine apologize for the timing of his pamphlet Common Sense, which had a comparable impact. Although Common Sense also had a mass readership, Paine had intended to reach and inspire: he was not a historian, and thus not concerned with accuracy or the dangers of historical anachronism. Yet, like Paine, Woodward had an unerring sense of the revolutionary moment, and of how historical evidence could undermine the mythological tradition that was crushing the dreams of new social possibilities. Martin Luther King, Jr., testified to the profound effect of The Strange Career of Jim Crow on the civil rights movement by praising the book and quoting it frequently.
这里态度有点变化, 特别是the handicaps, 就是说CBW的书有一点小小的毛病, 但是CBW还是谦虚认真的承认自己的毛病嘛, 那作者既然用了这个词语, 就是把态度QUALIFY了一下, 后面还有Woodward had an unerring sense of the revolutionary moment说明作者的确是混和态度, 大正小负. 所以就是qualified apporbation.
Handicaps, ==è That was a bit like hearing Thomas Paine apologize for the timing==è he was not a historian, and thus not concerned with accuracy or the dangers of historical anachronism
简单说就是外行写内行的东东, 见解是很好的, 独特的, 但是由于不是专业人事, 写的东东有小错误.
3. Which of the following is the best example of writing that is likely to be subject to the kinds of “handicaps” referred to in line 27?
(A) A history of an auto manufacturing plant written by an employee during an auto-buying boom
an employee is an insider, not an outsider
(B) A critique of a statewide school-desegregation plan written by an elementary school teacher in that state
老师写学校里面的东东, 当然是insider
(C) A newspaper article assessing the historical importance of a United States President written shortly after the President has taken office
(D) A scientific paper describing the benefits of a certain surgical technique written by the surgeon who developed the technique（C）
surgeon is an insider
(E) Diary entries narrating the events of a battle written by a soldier who participated in the battle
soldier 当然是insider
那么剩下的就是C. newspaper article当然不是历史雪茄也不是政治雪茄写的, 那么就是外行写的关于总统的历史重要性. 就选这个.
偶认为此文是满难的. 多谢楼主信任. 还请分析指教(这个偶严重同意）
胡说了一通，还请指正
原文和PumpkinMM的理解稍有出入： In the fall of 1954, for example, C. Vann Woodward delivered a lecture series at the University of Virginia which challenged the prevailing dogma concerning the history, continuity, and uniformity of racial segregation in the South. He argued that the Jim Crow (Jim Crow: n. 〈贬〉黑人) laws of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries not only codified traditional practice but also were a determined effort to erase the considerable progress made by Black people during and after Reconstruction in the 1870’s. 意思是说CVW的理论挑战了传统观点就南部种族歧视的历史，延续性和一致性。他认为(argue)JC的法案不仅合法化了传统行为（种族歧视）而且抹杀了在19世纪70年代及其之后重建时期黑人的作用。所以传统观点认为的是JC法案将终止种族歧视（D)
weiyu gg,你在这篇文章的见解中，有一段与pumpkin mm不同的见解，是不是应该有个“assumption"-----prevailing dogma 和jc law是一致的，cvw这个家伙的看法与他们两个不一致
应该这么理解：unlike prevailing dogma, CVW belived that....., 题目问prevailing dagma, 那就是CVW的见解取非，也就是原文codify取非，改写为disrupt,是吧？
谢谢楼主的分析。现在我理解第二题了。
做题时怎么都没想过来，review的时候也想不过来，现在
听听楼主的分析，明白了
I understand now
For question 2, I do not agree pumpkin and weiyu,both C and D is wrong.
The answer should be A.
For question 2, I do not agree pumpkin and weiyu,both C and D is wrong.
The answer should be A
A是CVW的观点
偶的问题是第一题： Historians sometimes forget that history is continually being made and experienced before it is studied, interpreted, and read. These latter activities have their own history, of course, which may impinge in unexpected ways on public events. It is difficult to predict when “new pasts” will overturn established historical interpretations and change the course of history. 1. The “new pasts” mentioned in line 6 can best be described as the (A) occurrence of events extremely similar to past events (B) history of the activities of studying, interpreting, and reading new historical writing (C) change in people’s understanding of the past due to more recent historical writing (D) overturning of established historical interpretations by politically motivated politicians（C） (E) difficulty of predicting when a given historical interpretation will be overturned xiexie...
就算是B,原文里的read是被动，这里是主动，也不对啊。
排除嘛
天哪，我无言了。OG11里面的解释及答案与上面的分析似乎差异甚远，看来这文章太有水平了，怎么分析都似乎讲得通，哈哈，不得不佩服出题人。
在OG11里面，这篇文章是REVIEW的第23篇。楼主所问的第一个问题的答案是A（非C也非D），考态度那道题的答案是A（非B）。
不过有一点我肯定同意的，就是这篇文章真的挺难的，我做的时候，六个题目竟然错了三个，我差点晕倒了。后来仔细研读过，还是只感觉懂了一半，也就是还有一半是糊涂的。看来还需要继续努力。
其实我觉得第一题的B不关主被动什么事吧……
主要要表达的应该是C选项的change，至于B的核心词是history，好像不在点子上
oh,my God终于看懂类比题了,那句话上斜了!
另外也贡献点,1. The “new pasts” mentioned in line 6 can best be described as the
(A) occurrence of events extremely similar to past events
(B) history of the activities of studying, interpreting, and reading new historical writing应为HISTORY
(C) change in people’s understanding of the past due to more recent historical writing
(D) overturning of established historical interpretations by politically motivated politicians（C）
(E) difficulty of predicting when a given historical interpretation will be overturned
B错在LOGIC上，如上,个人觉得。
还有到底那道说DOGMA的应该选什么啊,OG11上答案是D OR A啊?个人目前UP D,有哪里没看清楚吗?请指点哦。
赫赫，偶今天第一遍做此题，6错5，看来还需好好努力~
据说og11上有此题？我去瞅瞅~
是的，og第二题答案是A
解释是传统的观点是NOT ONLY部分，而C. Vann Woodward 认为传统的观点不全面，NOT ONLY...,BUT ALSO...
这题大全答案怎么错了二个。
第二题（OG11阅读第130题）答案为A，第五题（OG11第133题）答案为A
2. It can be inferred from the passage that the “prevailing dogma” (line 10) held that
(A) Jim Crow laws were passed to give legal status to well-established discriminatory practices in the South
(B) Jim Crow laws were passed to establish order and uniformity in the discriminatory practices of different southern states
(C) Jim Crow laws were passed to erase the social gains that Black people had achieved since Reconstruction
(D) the continuity of racial segregation in the South was disrupted by passage of Jim Crow laws（D）
(E) the Jim Crow laws of the
late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries were passed to reverse
the effect of earlier Jim Crow laws
这题og不是a吗
天那！！！
我现在都有些怀疑大全其他题目的答案了...
lxw19 发表于 2010-2-10 22:31
敢问这篇文章的第二题到底选什么呢？
weiyu 发表于 2004-4-15 09:04
以下是引用pumpkin在2004-4-14 21:37:00的发言：Passage 42 (42/63)Historians sometimes forget that hist ...
weiyu 发表于 2004-4-15 09:04
以下是引用pumpkin在2004-4-14 21:37:00的发言：Passage 42 (42/63)Historians sometimes forget that hist ...
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