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标题: OG12 101=GWD-12-Q19:my 总结 [打印本页]

作者: goaheadgmat 时间: 2010-5-20 17:22
标题: OG12 101=GWD-12-Q19:my 总结
前人的讨论

Heavy commitment by an executive to a course of action, especially if it has worked well in the past, makes it likely to miss signs of incipient trouble or misinterpret them when they do appear.

A. Heavy commitment by an executive to a course of action, especially if it has worked well in the past, makes it likely to miss signs of incipient trouble or misinterpret them when they do appear.

第一個it指代a course of action...問題不太大; 第2個it邏輯上是指an executive, 可是文法上不可以用it指代animate thing.

commitment不如committed好.第一个it指代commitment还是a course of action不清晰。miss和misinterpret的行为者不清楚。至于后一个it指代后面的不定式我认为应该可以的吧，其实是属于it充当形式宾语，而实际宾语就是不定式to miss and too misinterpret

有一个it的指代问题，前面一个it指代不清,同时后一个it指代是后面的不定式，我们知道一个句子中代词指代同一个对象。所以a错

B. An executive who is heavily committed to a course of action, especially one that worked well in the past, makes missing signs of incipient trouble or misinterpreting ones likely when they do appear.

B错在整个句子重心和逻辑思维上不是“an executive" 导致了 "missing signs of incipient trouble or misinterpreting ones likely when they do appear" 这样一个结果而应该是 "Being heavily committed to a course of action"(行动方针) 这个行为导致了这样的一个结果

同样有不定代词one的指代问题，one和ones有不同的指代对象，句子结构是a executive who。。。，插入语，makes。。。经理。。造成。。不合逻辑。其次这个插入语的修饰对象不明，还有一点是改变了句子的合理重心，executive由从句部分变成了主语，而commitment变成从属成分;makes missing signs... or misinterpreting ones 貌似makes缺少宾语

An executive who is heavily committed to a course of action，把executive限定住了，改变句意.one的指代不清晰，是executive还是a course of action?；when they do appear的修饰对象错误.executive makes missing...意思改变，逻辑错误

C. An executive who is heavily committed to a course of action is likely to miss or misinterpret signs of incipient trouble when they do appear, especially if it has worked well in the past.

C错在：一、代词it指代不清二、miss or misinterpret signs of incipient trouble 的表述不符合逻辑要么miss signs of incipient trouble(早期的问题)要么misinterpret them when they do appear

who定语从句改变了句子合理重心

An executive who is heavily committed to a course of action，把executive限定住了，改变句意.
最后的it离所指的a course of action太远不好

it指代不清, 要指的a course of action非常遠

D. Executives’ being heavily committed to a course of action, especially if it has worked well in the past, makes them likely to miss signs of incipient trouble or misinterpreting them when they do appear.

兩個them的指代不一致

being是多余，makes them中的them无指代对象

it指代Executives' being heavily committed to a course of action不合理,逻辑上应该是指代行动/运行/执行过程。而且Executives' being heavily committed to a course of action太累赘了.个人觉得第一个them很明显是指代executives不会指代signs,因为一个作为misinterpret的主语(executives/第一个them)，一个作为misinterpret的宾语(signs/第二个them),第三个they逻辑上就近与前一个them所指一致，所以没什么问题

E. Being heavily committed to a course of action, especially one that has worked well in the past, is likely to make an executive miss signs of incipient trouble or misinterpret them when they do appear.

参考答案是E

过于专注某个做法，特别是某个过去一直挺有效的做法，很可能会使主管发现不了初期的故障信号或者当信号出现时错误地理解他们

参考:
关于“把executive限定住了”的说法做一个补充：
原句表达的是an executive处于某种情况下会发生的事情，而不是要表达“那种executive就以处于那种情况下为特征”。(有点难以表达，不过我觉得多读几次能读出来区别.)

being + 动词的ed形式可以做主语for example:
Simply being genetically engineered does not make a plant any more likely to become an invasive weed. (出处 prep)

作者: fannybeibei 时间: 2010-5-21 19:59
LZ很用心啊，偶来顶吧～～

不过字好像小了些些啊。。。8要欺负偶眼神不好啊。。。

作者: fannybeibei 时间: 2010-5-21 20:10
B中， makes missing signs... or misinterpreting ones 貌似makes缺少宾语
偶不解，实在没看出来
可否指教？

在补充下吧，B，其次这个插入语的修饰对象不明，
这个很复杂啊，我也查了帖子，感觉是说，与其说修饰对象不明，到不如说因为放在ones后面所以造成指代错误（excutive)
偶参考高人的了，知识产权莫怪啊

open to discuss

作者: happyself 时间: 2010-5-31 00:55
1.makes missing ....or interpretating ...likely .宾语是两个并列的动名词；
2. 修饰语修饰interprete，出现了才misinterprete，要么你就miss了。所以如果插入语放两个之后有语病的，它们没出现，也miss了~

作者: roundroundyy 时间: 2010-6-11 02:42
谢谢goaheadgmat！总结得很好

作者: wuyaoln 时间: 2010-6-12 00:02
晕啊

作者: cdgavin 时间: 2010-7-8 20:43
此題C, E仍有許多爭議(連外國人士都有為此題爭議)，但新東方的答案是C選，和樓主不同，我也選C，參考之。

作者: merrimack 时间: 2010-9-1 22:03
to ls：啊？

作者: fandly 时间: 2010-9-28 19:51
多谢。。这个题终于懂了一点

作者: waterlemonseed 时间: 2011-1-17 08:02
解释得很清楚，帮忙顶一个

作者: ak007 时间: 2011-5-15 11:39
有点不清楚想确认一下
A. Heavy commitment by an executive to a course of action, especially if it has worked well in the past, makes it likely to miss signs of incipient trouble or misinterpret them when they do appear.
第一个it是就近指代a course of action还是指代被修饰名词Heavy commitment ？一般做题中it的指代怎样判断？
第二个makes it 中的it 是做形式宾语指代 to....不定式吗？

B. An executive who is heavily committed to a course of action, especially one that worked well in the past, makes missing signs of incipient trouble or misinterpreting ones likely when they do appear.
B中one 通常指代的是an executive吗？还是就近指代a course of action？
ones又是指代的什么？主语an executive是单数，全文就signs 一个复数，所以指代signs 吗？

C. An executive who is heavily committed to a course of action is likely to miss or misinterpret signs of incipient troublewhen they do appear, especially if it has worked well in the past.
C中they只能指代signs ，it是指代an executive吗？

D. Executives'beingheavily committed to a course of action, especially if it has worked well in the past, makes them likely to miss signs of incipient trouble or misinterpreting them when they do appear.
D中 it 指代的是Executives'beingheavily committed to a course of action
第一个them向前没有指代
第二个them指代signs， they也指代signs吗？

E. Being heavily committed to a course of action, especially one that has worked well in the past, is likely to make an executive miss signs of incipient trouble or misinterpret them when they do appear.
E中第一个one指代什么？？？

作者: ak007 时间: 2011-5-15 12:00
求NN解答！
我已经被it/them/they/one/ones指代问题弄懵了

it与one的指代有什么区别吗？

作者: kikisunflower 时间: 2011-5-15 12:22
one是不定代词，可以泛指，不需要出现antecedant

it, its, they, their, them需要出现antecedant
你记住这5个必须有antecedent就可以了

像one, some, all, any, both....很多，都是不定代词，可以泛指

另外，one指代可数单数名词，ones指代可数复数名词，不能指代不可数名词
it指代不可数名词或单数可数名词

出现代词的时候可以这样考虑：

是不定代词还是指示代词？
if 不定代词，then 考虑是否有antecedent；数是否对；意思是否对
if 指示代词，then只考虑数是否对；意思是否对

作者: ak007 时间: 2011-5-15 12:32

one是不定代词，可以泛指，不需要出现antecedant

it, its, they, their, them需要出现antecedant
你记住这5个必须有antecedent就可以了

像one, some, all, any, both....很多，都是不定代词，可以泛指

-- by 会员 kikisunflower (2011/5/15 12:22:32)

内牛满面啊。。。终于有NN来解惑了！太感谢了！！！我研究了一上午也没弄明白
再问一下啊，
1.这些代词是不是都只能向前指代，不能指代后面句中出现的名词？
2.在向前指代时，出现了两个以上可以指代的名词，是不是就近指代？
NN说的one, some, all, any, both....是不是指代时什么都可以指代（不管是不是介宾里的成分）？
如果前面出项两个以上可以指代的名词，就会出现我们平时所说的代词指代不明的错误了对吧？

作者: kikisunflower 时间: 2011-5-15 12:46
1、不定代词的作用就是为了不重复前面已经说过的概念，都是指代前面出现过的词。
如果it在前面，就是形式主语，比如It is said that....很多例子，相信LS也很熟悉的。

2、只有noun modifier才有就近指代这一说，代词不遵守就近指代的原则。
如果向前指代有两个可以指代的名词，这句话就是错的，要么重复名词，要么改写句子。
知识点：manhattan SC P68： Sentences in which there are two or more possible antecedents for any pronoun shoud be rewritten.

作者: ak007 时间: 2011-5-15 13:23
谢谢kikisunflower ！！！明白了！！！

作者: sarahni 时间: 2012-9-9 10:38
好贴!

作者: ponkong 时间: 2012-12-2 20:18
额。弱弱的问一句，OG上的正确答案就是E啊。。为何还会引起如此多的争论

作者: ARG 时间: 2013-6-9 15:15
非常感谢

作者: celinecheng 时间: 2015-7-20 09:20
感谢分享！

作者: 阿拉梦 时间: 2015-8-9 16:24

kikisunflower 发表于 2011-5-15 12:46
1、不定代词的作用就是为了不重复前面已经说过的概念，都是指代前面出现过的词。   如果it在前面，就 ...

如此说来，C就是不对的咯，it看上去既可以指代trouble又可以指代course

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