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标题: OG12- 43 指代不清？？ [打印本页]

作者: joyce22 时间: 2010-4-25 16:02
标题: OG12- 43 指代不清？？
OG12- 43 Laos has a land area about the same as Great Britain but only four million in population, where many are
members of hill tribes ensconced in the virtually inaccessible mountain valleys of the north.
(A) about the same as Great Britain but only four million in population, where many
(B) of about the same size as Great Britain is, but in Laos there is a population of only four million, and many
(C) that is about the same size as Great Britain’s land area, but in Laos with a population of only four million people, many of them
(D) comparable to the size of Great Britain, but only four million in population, and many
(E) comparable to that of Great Britain but a population of only four million people, many of whom

这道题对于C选项为何一直没有个确切解释。。。正确答案是E我没有异议但是C错误给出的解释是them指代不清。。。它到底是会引起什么样的误解啊？？在我看来them只可能指代前文的people啊。。。我到觉得C错了是因为many前面缺少了连词连接两个句子。。。强烈呼唤NN的指点啊。。。话说我搜到的这道题的解释都没有很明白的。。。

作者: 果汁软糖 时间: 2010-4-25 16:10
题目释义：Laos has a land area… but a population…
考点：
1.   比较对象要形式对称，性质相同；特别指出文中size和area是可以比的，因为area有面积的意思，但是不能像A里面那样说两个area是the same,而要用equal或者comparable来表达数值上的对等，而不是地域或其他方面上的对等
2.   连词的运用：仅凭逗号是不可以连接两个句子的
3.   定语从句的关系连词：that/介词+which
4.   有人说E中people和population是重复表达，aeoluseros指出，population和people一个是"数量",一个人人群，重心不同，不重复.
选项分析：
A.   Land不可以和GB比较；where不可以作为population的连接词
B.   Is和has不对应；Land不可以和GB比较；
C.   定语从句wordy，用形容词短语就可以，更加简洁，而且意思没减少；with短语做状语修饰many of them不合理；them指代不明
D.   only 4 million in population表达不准确；and many的使用使句子结构改变，本来这一句是修饰成分，现在却成了并列的主干
E.   correct

作者: 果汁软糖 时间: 2010-4-25 16:11
这是新prep里面的一道题，等新prep笔记出来以后大家就可以去查了 lz加油~

作者: ryuu217 时间: 2010-10-28 23:16

OG12- 43 Laos has a land area about the same as Great Britain but only four million in population, where many are
members of hill tribes ensconced in the virtually inaccessible mountain valleys of the north.
(A) about the same as Great Britain but only four million in population, where many
(B) of about the same size as Great Britain is, but in Laos there is a population of only four million, and many
(C) that is about the same size as Great Britain’s land area, but in Laos with a population of only four million people, many of them
(D) comparable to the size of Great Britain, but only four million in population, and many
(E) comparable to that of Great Britain but a population of only four million people, many of whom

这道题对于C选项为何一直没有个确切解释。。。正确答案是E我没有异议但是C错误给出的解释是them指代不清。。。它到底是会引起什么样的误解啊？？在我看来them只可能指代前文的people啊。。。我到觉得C错了是因为many前面缺少了连词连接两个句子。。。强烈呼唤NN的指点啊。。。话说我搜到的这道题的解释都没有很明白的。。。

-- by 会员 joyce22 (2010/4/25 16:02:54)

(C) that is about the same size as Great Britain’s land area,but in Laos with a population of only four million people, many of them
C选项是不是也可以这么理解
1.比较对象land area 重复出现---wordy
2.but???，many of them???---句子重心改变
3.them---in???with???of??? people的层过深，或者说可以像D选项一样直接用many，而没必要用many of them.

(E) comparable to that of Great Britain but a population of only four million people, many of whom
看了答案才意识到but引导的平行结构很漂亮。a land area about???, but a population of ???

本人开始复习3个月了，可是语法还是没找到感觉，欢迎指正！

作者: ccfelicia 时间: 2010-11-25 09:17
菜鸟凑热闹。希望大家多多讨论。只是针对C选项：1。限制性定语从句that blah blah不够concise.可以完全省略； 2.代词指代问题。两个完整独立的句子最好用;连接，这样子两个句子的含义会分离（可以两个完全不同的topic)。如果只是用and/but连接那么连接的句子之间都会是有点联系的（差不多在同一个topic内）。而这里面应为使用,but连接，them既可以指people,也可以指land, laos(前面出现太多名词了）

呼唤NN!!!

作者: ccfelicia 时间: 2010-11-25 09:18
补充，E选项whom就会变得非常的明确-他只能指人

作者: golazard 时间: 2011-1-7 16:46
http://www.manhattangmat.com/forums/laos-has-a-land-area-t5749.html 这里有c选项的解释，我觉得还比较靠谱～～重复确实有点多，不过没有说道them的问题。。

作者: pennybehappy 时间: 2011-1-29 04:54
顶一顶看了楼上给的链接那个Ron说“go read that choice (c) again; the word "people" does not exist anywhere in that choice (or in the non-underlined part). a pronoun cannot refer to a word that is not actually there!
the closest you get in that sentence is “population”, but that's singular.”

可是“people”明明出现了啊，but in Laos with a population of only four milllion people, many of them

不解中

请指教

作者: 564557552 时间: 2011-3-16 18:49
我觉得c可以写成n,but n ,句子。这结构明显有问题嘛!

作者: geegee 时间: 2011-3-16 19:07
C当中：but in Laos with a population of only four million people, many of them... 结构诡异。读的很累。写的人估计也头晕眼花，没法拿出手。

作者: witty1 时间: 2011-5-3 09:57
C项，many of them是run-on-sentense 吗？

作者: feifeionly 时间: 2011-6-9 12:33
曼哈顿上找到的，我都贴出来了，大家慢慢消化

B项
1）"and" is an illogical transition;
it suggests that the sentence is presenting two separate, unrelated facts. (note that this is a "spoken language trap" -- native speakers are much more likely to think this is correct, since the word "and" is often used this way in spoken language.)

example:
today there was a great deal of traffic, and i was late for work.
--> this sentence implies that the traffic was NOT the reason i was late for work! (by contrast, if this sentence were spoken out loud, it would almost certainly be intended to blame the traffic for my tardiness.)

E项
1）the "but" creates parallelism between the 2 nouns describing things that laos has.
with choice (e), the sentence reads as follows:
laos has a land area comparable to that of Great Britain but a population of only 4 million people, many of whom...
so, basically, laos has X but Y, where X and Y show some kind of contrast with each other. (the contrast here is apparent, as great britain certainly has more than four million inhabitants.)
and the "many of whom..." clause modifies "4 million people", as such clauses are wont to do.
2）是否是run－on sentence
"many of whom" is not a subject pronoun; it's a relative pronoun. it has EXACTLY the same grammar as plural "which".

if you understand why
i adopted two dogs, which weigh approximately 100 pounds each
or
i adopted two dogs, each of which weighs approximately 100 pounds
is not a run-on sentence, then you also understand why (e) is not a run-on sentence.

by contrast, if the sentence had contained "many of them", then it would be a run-on.
so:
*i adopted two dogs, they weigh approximately 100 pounds each
is a run-on sentence (--> incorrect). for the same reason,
*i adopted two dogs, each of them weighs approximately 100 pounds
and
*... a population of only 4 million people, many of them are members of hill tribes...
would also be run-on sentences (--> incorrect).

3）on this test, there will be no meaningful distinction between “compare to” and “compare with”. Both are fine; if one of them is ok in any given situation, the other will also be ok in that situation.

C项

1）What is "them" referring to? It can't be referring to either country; a country would take a singular pronoun. Logically, it should be referring to Laotians, or Laotian people... but those words are not in the sentence.
2）One thing i've found is that the GMAT does not often allow antecedents that are buried deep in the sentence. "people" is buried under three layers of prepositions and is therefore not going to be your antecedent here. Keep in mind though that the GMAT's explanations for SC problems are often unsatisfying, and although their ANSWERS are always correct by definition, their EXPLANATIONS often leave a lot to be desired. The important thing to note here is that C is wrong for other reasons..

D项
1）* "comparable to the size of...", while not incorrect, is inferior to "comparable to that of..."
i.e., it's better to compare a land area to another land area (that of...) than to the somewhat ambiguous "size".

the more important reasons:
* "4 million in population" is not idiomatic.
* it's not clear to what "many" refers.
* "and" is an inappropriate transition; it suggests that there is no essential connection between "many..." and the previous mention of population.
- this is hard to think about at first, because this is the way it's done in spoken language. for instance:
spoken language: there were 50 women, and many of them were brunettes. --> this is considered incorrect in written language.
written language: there were 50 women, many of whom were brunettes.

2）Hmm. You could possibly argue for or against such an ambiguity in D. That's a little fuzzier because there are other things wrong with D in the same "area" of the sentence. Let's look at E first.

For E, the structure of the sentence (parallelism) tells us that we're talking about Laos' population.
Laos has X (a land area...) but [Laos has] Y (a population of...)
The "but" indicates parallelism. X and Y are the parallel items. The stuff before X has to apply to both X and Y. Voila! "Laos has" applies to both.

Apply that to D. We've got "but" there too, and an attempt at the X Y structure (though not correctly done):
Laos has X (a land area...) but [Laos has] Y (only 4 million in population...)

作者: 欧阳小西 时间: 2011-6-20 21:25
看了果汁软糖的回复，，，其实仔细琢磨是很正确的。

C项，but肯定不是连词了，后面引导的成分是来修饰many of them这句的。那么首先逗号就不可能连接俩句子了。其次，这时的them完全可以指代这两个国家's的任何一个，正如上面的曼哈顿解释所说。

open to discuss.

作者: 欧阳小西 时间: 2011-6-20 21:26
而且C向描述的重心也改变了

作者: 芷莜 时间: 2011-6-20 22:19
a population of 一个数，如 a population of 10000. 后面不能再加people。

作者: cappuccino202 时间: 2011-7-31 10:46
RON大神。。。

作者: hellen7 时间: 2011-8-24 16:11

-- by 会员 joyce22 (2010/4/25 16:02:54)

我也选的C，感觉能指代people，刚才看了些解释贴，下面这个我觉得挺好：
1）What is "them" referring to? It can't be referring to either country; a country would take a singular pronoun. Logically, it should be referring to Laotians, or Laotian people... but those words are not in the sentence.
2）One thing i've found is that the GMAT does not often allow antecedents that are buried deep in the sentence. "people" is buried under three layers of prepositions and is therefore not going to be your antecedent here.
好像明白了一点，不知道我理解的对不对，就是后面的代词会优先指代前面的主干名词，而前面的成分“……，but……，……”疑似一个插入成分，而且people还是介词后面的修饰中。所以them指代不了它。我理解的对吗？欢迎大家批评指正~

作者: karentsang 时间: 2011-9-26 21:16

-- by 会员 joyce22 (2010/4/25 16:02:54)

-- by 会员 hellen7 (2011/8/24 16:11:43)

我觉得这样理解挺对的！

作者: 好色之图 时间: 2011-10-15 10:09
Manhattan也说了，OG的解释经常并不完善，虽然答案一定是正确的，但是有的解释其实很误导，这里C的错误原因并不仅仅是them，原贴文如下：
First of all, we have some concision issues at the outset:
"that is about the same size..." unnecessarily inserts a new tensed version of "to be." This is a violation of our Concision Pattern #6.

We then have a repetitiveness issue. C repeats the words "land area." While this is certainly clear, it is repetitive. E replaces the second "land area" with the word "that," our "new copy" pronoun.

Finally, C repeats "Laos" again. This is unnecessary.

还有many of them 不如many of whom好：
spoken language: there were 50 women, and many of them were brunettes. --> this is considered incorrect in written language.
written language: there were 50 women, many of whom were brunettes.

作者: LifeCreator 时间: 2012-4-24 21:04
C的确有些搞纠结好久

作者: u4462952 时间: 2012-7-7 22:36
标题: 对BUT的词性困惑，求NN
BUT的用法还是不解阿。。。C里的but是连词， E里的but是介词（对吗？）。如果作连词使用，but的意思是“但是”。如果作介词使用， but解释为“除。。。以外”。对于本题来说but应该是“但是”的意思吧，那必须后面接个句子呀。E选项的but后面接了短语+定语从句吧。

作者: 奇奇大小姐 时间: 2013-1-13 17:36
而且我觉得C选项的that is 从句累赘，而其他选项要么就用介词短语，要么就用形容词。如果同样都可以表达同一个意思的话，那么应该不选定语从句吧？可以这样做么？在GMAT中，好像正确选项是在所有方面都由于其他选项的，所以是不是可以看到这样一个赘述的地方排除他？

作者: DesmondWang 时间: 2013-1-13 18:50
首先，这里的them意思上应该指代的意思是Laotian，但是句子中并没有出现这样的次，即使能够指代people也不对。
第二，them其实指代不到people，因为people在层次埋的太深了，前面几个介词，所以根本不是核心词

作者: kiwifoodtown 时间: 2013-1-14 10:34
LZ,C 选项实际把主从句变成.......，but.......转折句的并列结构。后一句的many of them变成了主语，所以代词them优先指代了but 前一句中主句的名词，所以就形成了指代的混乱不清。

作者: FSail 时间: 2013-5-7 12:42

feifeionly 发表于 2011-6-9 12:33
曼哈顿上找到的，我都贴出来了，大家慢慢消化B项1）"and" is an illogical transition; it suggests that t ...

感谢分享~~~mark

作者: buckeyehyg 时间: 2013-8-31 12:23
其实，才发现C选项的them指代分析会浪费你极其多的时间。C当中Size和Land Area 做比较了，明显是错误的。其次原句中L has a X but a Y 是平行，C中but in Laos with a Y 明显破坏了平行。这两个错误明显比them指代好分析多了。何必纠结指代的错误，与其花心思找相对错误，不如找绝对错误。

作者: enkyklios 时间: 2013-8-31 14:28
zhidaiwenti

作者: enkyklios 时间: 2013-8-31 14:36
这个指代问题啊……

作者: 粽子小姐 时间: 2013-10-30 05:26
我觉得C选项是 with结构的问题呢。
with 放句首，逻辑主语（不知道是否能称为逻辑主语）得和主句主语一致。
本题中应该指的是Laos这个地方with a populaton of only four mollion people, 所以如果要用with结构，正确使用方式是:with a populaton of only four mollion people, Laos BLABLABLA...
而C选项中的many of them没法with a population of four mollion people

自己的一点拙见。。

作者: Sdx1993 时间: 2015-4-16 15:43

feifeionly 发表于 2011-6-9 12:33
曼哈顿上找到的，我都贴出来了，大家慢慢消化B项1）"and" is an illogical transition; it suggests that t ...

同意！

作者: Sdx1993 时间: 2015-4-16 15:44
还是Manhattan厉害，分析的好透彻

作者: 悠悠爱田 时间: 2015-6-20 00:35

karentsang 发表于 2011-9-26 21:16
OG12- 43 Laos has a land area about the same as Great Britain but only four million in populat ...

谢谢，你的回答让我明白了c为什么不行~！

作者: 我要喝可乐 时间: 2015-12-21 09:51
C选项中的with a population 这种说法是不是本身就很挫？

作者: yangmuhua89757 时间: 2016-6-15 22:32
我认为C的错误在于本句but转折强调LAOS这个地方虽然有great britsh那么大但是人口却很少，但是C的重心却发生的转移，in laos with。。。。貌似在做地点状语，句子结构变成了LAOS虽然有great britsh那么大，但是很多人却是部落成员

作者: YVETTEWYW 时间: 2016-7-16 23:33

feifeionly 发表于 2011-6-9 12:33
曼哈顿上找到的，我都贴出来了，大家慢慢消化B项1）"and" is an illogical transition; it suggests that t ...

同意！

作者: CHERRY_MA 时间: 2016-10-16 09:29
感觉Ron的意思是C选项them的问题可以不必过多纠结，它还有其他更明显的错误

作者: Patrickkk 时间: 2016-10-28 01:39
comparable to that of Great Britain没有谓语动词，
comparable to that of Great Britain 是land的修饰语，不要加is吗？

land are that is comparable to that of Great Britain ???

作者: boring0706 时间: 2017-3-20 07:38
https://www.manhattanprep.com/gmat/forums/since-1990-the-global-economy-has-grown-more-than-it-did-t552-60.html
这里RON说that of的结构前面必须要有一个平行的结构，也就是XX of XX的结构。然而E选项没有，感觉这就比较矛盾了。希望来个NN解释下。

作者: zixuan1017 时间: 2017-6-8 16:35
感谢分享！

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