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标题: 代词指代,og12-106 [打印本页]

作者: rainbowmanutd    时间: 2010-4-11 10:00
标题: 代词指代,og12-106

106. Marconi’s conception of the radio was as a substitute
for the telephone, a tool for private conversation;
instead, it is
precisely the opposite, a tool for
communicating with a large, public audience.
(A) Marconi’s conception of the radio was as a
substitute for the telephone, a tool for private
conversation; instead, it is
(B) Marconi conceived of the radio as a substitute
for the telephone, a tool for private
conversation, but which is
(C) Marconi conceived of the radio as a tool for
private conversation that could substitute for the
telephone; instead, it has become
(D) Marconi conceived of the radio to be a tool for
private conversation, a substitute for the
telephone, which has become
(E) Marconi conceived of the radio to be a
substitute for the telephone, a tool for private
conversation, other than what it is,

题目选C,og说分号后面的it指的是radio ,可是为什么不会造成指代不清(指代telephone)呢?
是优先指代主语吗?可是分号后面是2个句子呀
而且,c里面的that是跟在conversation 后面的,这个that应该是跟在radio后面修饰radio啊~~tel的替代品是radio  不是conversation呀
作者: sabrinazhang    时间: 2010-4-11 14:13
我是这么做的:
这道题明显WHICH用法不对,排除B,D
E中的WHAT IT IS错,排除
剩下A和C
A中的STH IS AS STH错,排除A
就剩下C了

虽然LZ的问题我也是很纳闷,不过将自己的分析步骤晒出来,和大家共勉

LZ的问题等待牛牛们来解答~~~
作者: lmqxbb    时间: 2010-4-13 23:23
顶~~~~~~~~~~~~~还有好多代词指代的问题我都不懂!!!!!!!!!!
作者: zxkingsey    时间: 2010-4-14 14:12
从逻辑意思上来看是不会存在歧义的

前句:radio 是电话的代替。转折,其实radio是XXX

拙见
作者: rainbowmanutd    时间: 2010-4-16 09:20
从逻辑意思上来看是不会存在歧义的

前句:radio 是电话的代替。转折,其实radio是XXX

拙见
-- by 会员 zxkingsey (2010/4/14 14:12:13)


按逻辑的意思来说确实选c,但是有好多题都不按照逻辑的意思选的啊 比如这个
OG12  75
75. A proposal has been made to trim the horns from
rhinoceroses to discourage poachers; the question is
whether tourists will continue to visit game parks and
see rhinoceroses after their horns are
trimmed.
(A) whether tourists will continue to visit game
parks and see rhinoceroses after their horns are
(B) whether tourists will continue to visit game
parks to see one once their horns are
(C) whether tourists will continue to visit game
parks to see rhinoceroses once the animals’
horns have been
(D) if tourists will continue to visit game parks and
see rhinoceroses once the animals’ horns are
(E) if tourists will continue to visit game parks to
see one after the animals’ horns have been



选C, A的错误OG解释说their 这个词ambiguous 但是按照逻辑的话their只能指rhinoceroses 不可能指游客或者公园呀~但OG得解释却没按逻辑的意思来~~
丹迪可不可以按逻辑来判断指代呢?
作者: dajiahaoh    时间: 2010-4-16 09:40
我是这么做的:
这道题明显WHICH用法不对,排除B,D
E中的WHAT IT IS错,排除
剩下A和C
A中的STH IS AS STH错,排除A
就剩下C了

虽然LZ的问题我也是很纳闷,不过将自己的分析步骤晒出来,和大家共勉


-- by 会员 sabrinazhang (2010/4/11 14:13:58)








不赞同这么做,谁说了D的which用法不对?只是不好,如果没有C,D就是正确答案。用What it is和sth is as sth来排除也是会吃药的,这个是老师套路吧。GMAT经常出些所谓老师套路让你错的题。这些词只是小问题,不是大问题。


我的解题思路是:
首先B排除。很明显,but后面要么前后都是句子,要么前后有对应。这里but后面是which,前面没有which或类似词对应,所以严重错误,排除
A是语义不平衡。句子是说radio(本来)被认为是什么,但是不对,其实是什么。那么A是里面划线外事a tool for doing是对radio修饰的,而前面的对应部分a tool for private conversation是对telephone修饰的。所以不好,先排除
C,平衡,两个a tool for都是修饰radio,先放着
D,也是,平衡,两个a tool for都是修饰radio,先放着
E,和A一个毛病,排除


然后, C、D开比
就是你发现的which的问题,所以C比D好。“切忌注意,不要看到which用作非限定性定于从句就算错。虽然,非限定性的确有语义不清的问题,在大部分情况下可以用这点做题。但是如果碰到难题,没有语义清晰的选项,则它还是能成为正确选项的,毕竟非限定性定于从句没有语法问题。”
作者: dajiahaoh    时间: 2010-4-16 09:47
从逻辑意思上来看是不会存在歧义的

前句:radio 是电话的代替。转折,其实radio是XXX

拙见
-- by 会员 zxkingsey (2010/4/14 14:12:13)



按逻辑的意思来说确实选c,但是有好多题都不按照逻辑的意思选的啊 比如这个
OG12  75
75. A proposal has been made to trim the horns from
rhinoceroses to discourage poachers; the question is
whether tourists will continue to visit game parks and
see rhinoceroses after their horns are
trimmed.
(A) whether tourists will continue to visit game
parks and see rhinoceroses after their horns are
(B) whether tourists will continue to visit game
parks to see one once their horns are
(C) whether tourists will continue to visit game
parks to see rhinoceroses once the animals’
horns have been
(D) if tourists will continue to visit game parks and
see rhinoceroses once the animals’ horns are
(E) if tourists will continue to visit game parks to
see one after the animals’ horns have been



选C, A的错误OG解释说their 这个词ambiguous 但是按照逻辑的话their只能指rhinoceroses 不可能指游客或者公园呀~但OG得解释却没按逻辑的意思来~~
丹迪可不可以按逻辑来判断指代呢?
-- by 会员 rainbowmanutd (2010/4/16 9:20:50)



A的错误有两个,一个是这两个动作不是并列的,是有先有逻辑关系的,带有目的性。而且their是指代不清。C指代清楚了,所以C比A强,就选C。我们不研究每个题目到底算不算错或对,我们之研究以下哪个表达更优
作者: rainbowmanutd    时间: 2010-4-16 16:32
从逻辑意思上来看是不会存在歧义的

前句:radio 是电话的代替。转折,其实radio是XXX

拙见
-- by 会员 zxkingsey (2010/4/14 14:12:13)






按逻辑的意思来说确实选c,但是有好多题都不按照逻辑的意思选的啊 比如这个
OG12  75
75. A proposal has been made to trim the horns from
rhinoceroses to discourage poachers; the question is
whether tourists will continue to visit game parks and
see rhinoceroses after their horns are
trimmed.
(A) whether tourists will continue to visit game
parks and see rhinoceroses after their horns are
(B) whether tourists will continue to visit game
parks to see one once their horns are
(C) whether tourists will continue to visit game
parks to see rhinoceroses once the animals’
horns have been
(D) if tourists will continue to visit game parks and
see rhinoceroses once the animals’ horns are
(E) if tourists will continue to visit game parks to
see one after the animals’ horns have been



选C, A的错误OG解释说their 这个词ambiguous 但是按照逻辑的话their只能指rhinoceroses 不可能指游客或者公园呀~但OG得解释却没按逻辑的意思来~~
丹迪可不可以按逻辑来判断指代呢?
-- by 会员 rainbowmanutd (2010/4/16 9:20:50)





A的错误有两个,一个是这两个动作不是并列的,是有先有逻辑关系的,带有目的性。而且their是指代不清。C指代清楚了,所以C比A强,就选C。我们不研究每个题目到底算不算错或对,我们之研究以下哪个表达更优
-- by 会员 dajiahaoh (2010/4/16 9:47:18)




解释的很清楚~但我有个问题:到底可不可以按照逻辑的意思来判断题目指代呢?如果按照逻辑意思的话,游客是不会有horns 更不会trimmed~但OG的解释还是说了their有可能只带游客,也就是说不能按照逻辑的意思来判断了?
作者: rainbowmanutd    时间: 2010-4-21 16:16

作者: gmat928    时间: 2010-4-21 16:34
; instead, it
这种形式的it一般指代是没有问题的

另外一例


Pioneered by scientists at Los Alamos National Laboratory, BEAM robots are not programmed to walk; instead they use brain like circuits called neural networks to learn to walk through trial and error.

但是D中which的指代问题是大大的,which离他本应指代的radio太远了

作者: skayouyou    时间: 2010-4-25 22:31
AD中,关系代词 it,which不能指代整个句子,

--it is/which has become  preciseily the opposite,  所以it ,which用法错 。

这么理解可否?请指教~~
作者: imagelan    时间: 2010-6-15 05:21
从逻辑意思上来看是不会存在歧义的

前句:radio 是电话的代替。转折,其实radio是XXX

拙见
-- by 会员 zxkingsey (2010/4/14 14:12:13)







按逻辑的意思来说确实选c,但是有好多题都不按照逻辑的意思选的啊 比如这个
OG12  75
75. A proposal has been made to trim the horns from
rhinoceroses to discourage poachers; the question is
whether tourists will continue to visit game parks and
see rhinoceroses after their horns are
trimmed.
(A) whether tourists will continue to visit game
parks and see rhinoceroses after their horns are
(B) whether tourists will continue to visit game
parks to see one once their horns are
(C) whether tourists will continue to visit game
parks to see rhinoceroses once the animals’
horns have been
(D) if tourists will continue to visit game parks and
see rhinoceroses once the animals’ horns are
(E) if tourists will continue to visit game parks to
see one after the animals’ horns have been



选C, A的错误OG解释说their 这个词ambiguous 但是按照逻辑的话their只能指rhinoceroses 不可能指游客或者公园呀~但OG得解释却没按逻辑的意思来~~
丹迪可不可以按逻辑来判断指代呢?
-- by 会员 rainbowmanutd (2010/4/16 9:20:50)






A的错误有两个,一个是这两个动作不是并列的,是有先有逻辑关系的,带有目的性。而且their是指代不清。C指代清楚了,所以C比A强,就选C。我们不研究每个题目到底算不算错或对,我们之研究以下哪个表达更优
-- by 会员 dajiahaoh (2010/4/16 9:47:18)





解释的很清楚~但我有个问题:到底可不可以按照逻辑的意思来判断题目指代呢?如果按照逻辑意思的话,游客是不会有horns 更不会trimmed~但OG的解释还是说了their有可能只带游客,也就是说不能按照逻辑的意思来判断了?
-- by 会员 rainbowmanutd (2010/4/16 16:32:17)



用逻辑意思来判断题目的指代,个人感觉不是很好。记得老师在将这个题目的时候说,当存在多个可能的指代对象时,作主语的代词通常优先指代主语。如果形式上指不了,指宾语也很正常。所谓形式上指不了,只是说语法形式上指不了。没有说逻辑意思上也指不了。而这里,从语法上讲their是有可能指代tourists的。所以就可能造成歧义。
作者: machilles    时间: 2010-11-23 22:01
你大错特错了,D马上就能排除,which指代radio,不符合就近指代原则,which前面隔了那么老远,有那么多的名词。错的不是一般的离谱。从来没有人说非限定错(在其他同等条件下,限定的好一些),我们不是因为“他是非限定”才排除它的,而是因为非常严重地它违反了就近指代原则(而且它完全可以就近指代,),你不要搞错了我们的排除依据。
作者: carlosh    时间: 2010-11-24 18:32
楼主主要想问的是关于it的问题吧,我的拙见看楼主能不能接受,为什么C的it指代没有问题? 我是这么想的,因为telephone在C选项中是出现在修饰成分即出现在that引导的定语从句中的,从层次的角度看it优先指代被修饰部分,所以it指代没有问题。大家讨论
作者: jbc88    时间: 2010-11-26 22:56
我是这么做的:
这道题明显WHICH用法不对,排除B,D
-- by 会员 sabrinazhang (2010/4/11 14:13:58)



哪有这样说题的。你干脆打明说 此题ABDE选项与正确答案C不符,所以错。

我的思路是首先 conceive as是正确的idom排除ADE。

接下来就是BC之争了。我不觉得B的which有什么问题,which指代是tool,倒是tool指代啥,我弄不清了。
作者: li2966262    时间: 2011-2-4 20:04
这道题 五个选项都有问题 唯有C问题稍微可以用逻辑将就一下。
A的a tool for private逻辑上应该描述radio,这里语法上描述了telephone。另外,manhattan的V-A-N最后考虑,能用动词不用名词,所以BCDE应该优选。
B的说法跟楼上相似,那个which指代不明。而且but这个明显要平行结构的,这里啥都不是。
D和E就是idiom的问题了 用as不用to be
D选项which指telephone不合逻辑,E的what it is 累赘,能清晰就清晰。

其实C的问题也不少,就算it跟OG说的指代radio,不知道为啥这么指。。。那that这个先行词怎么就指到好远好远的radio去了  但是这些问题都是可以用逻辑搞定


OPEN TO DISCUSS
作者: Raymond_GMAT    时间: 2011-2-11 11:56
同楼主问,C的that怎么解释
作者: 夜色微蓝    时间: 2011-2-12 21:56
是啊,我也想知道C选项中的that为什么不是指 conversation???
作者: xibao    时间: 2011-4-3 00:46
因为是个用分号隔开的平行结构吧。所以分号前后的主语是不是应该一致啊?
求指正~~
作者: feifeionly    时间: 2011-6-17 01:16
来至曼哈顿的解释:
You're right that it's not easy to cut out a middleman here. We have to analyze the whole thing and see which parts are modifying which other parts.

The main subject of the sentence is Marconi. Let's start with a simple sentence and build up:

Marconi conceived of the radio.

Here, Marconi is the subject and radio is the object.

Marconi conceived of the radio as a tool.

Here, we have added an object complement. The portion "as a tool" describes how Marconi conceived of the radio.

Marconi conceived of the radio as a tool for private conversation.

Now we have modified the object complement to add detail. What kind of tool was the radio supposed to be? A tool for private conversation.

Marconi conceived of the radio as a tool for private conversation that could substitute for the telephone.

We have added a helping verb to the object complement. What could substitute for the telephone? "A tool for private conversation." Of course, since the tool in question is the radio, we could say that this also refers to the radio, but structurally it is tacked onto the part about the tool.

At this point, we can simplify the structure of the sentence down to "X conceived of Y as Z."
X=Marconi
Y=the radio
Z=a tool for private conversation that could substitute for the telephone.

So after all that, perhaps you can see why a semicolon shows up. We already have a rather full sentence! To retain clarity, the author essentially begins a new sentence to express the actual fate of the radio. Although we might follow the meaning if the sentence went on with "but" (" . . . telephone, but it has become . . ."), the meaning of "it" at this point might be a bit unclear. By starting a new independent clause, we are removed from all the mucky modifiers and complements, and can return back to the direct object--radio.
作者: wenniooooo    时间: 2013-3-20 18:03
楼上说得很清晰  顶~~~
原来对于代词的指代问题也不能扣得太死了,根据句子结构和意思去判断代词的指代也很重要




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