ChaseDream

标题: 请教GWD10 的语法问题 [打印本页]

作者: gmatziyu    时间: 2010-3-13 18:56
标题: 请教GWD10 的语法问题
请问为什么答案是C 不是E呢?

The results of the company’s cost- cutting measures are evident in its profits, which increased five percent during the first three months of this year after it fell over the last two years.
A. which increased five percent during the first three months of this year after it fell
B. which had increased five percent during the first three months of this year after it had fallen
C. which have increased five percent during the first three months of this year after falling
D. with a five percent increase during the first three months of this year after falling
E. with a five percent increase during the first three months of this year after having fallen
作者: 飞行2010    时间: 2010-3-13 19:39
根据语意,应该是profits增加吧,那么用which可以比用with指代的清楚,逗号加介词短语如果语意没有问题的时候最好不要选。
作者: gmatziyu    时间: 2010-3-14 12:58
标题: over the last two years
感觉这个前面应该用having fallen才对。。。为什么用falling 也可以呢....
with 从句仔细看了看也不好,因为after之前和之后的结构不对称,还是c好,除了那个falling不是很明白之外......
作者: dengyichao    时间: 2010-3-14 20:07
因为AB里的it不能指代复数名词profits
作者: gracezz    时间: 2010-5-16 20:46
感觉这个前面应该用having fallen才对。。。为什么用falling 也可以呢....
with 从句仔细看了看也不好,因为after之前和之后的结构不对称,还是c好,除了那个falling不是很明白之外......
-- by 会员 gmatziyu (2010/3/14 12:58:44)



我也对这点有疑惑。。。。
作者: recoupsin    时间: 2010-5-16 22:51
1.不选E的原因是,e把定语从句变成了with+N+介词短语的独立主格结构,而独立主格结构是做状语的,修饰主句,表示伴随原因,状态,条件等。要知道,没有合理的理由,定语和状语是最好不要乱变的。并且,after having fallen 是状语从句的省略形式。有两种找逻辑主语的方式,我就不多说了。总之在e中找不到逻辑主语。
2.选C好是因为,have increased 和fall 表明了时间的先后顺序,并且这种没有用逗号隔开的状语从句省略形式的逻辑主语就是就近动词的逻辑主语。所以说没有逻辑上和语法上的错误。另外说一点,如果状语从句的省略形式前面有逗号隔开,比如.... , after falling.这种,那么他的逻辑主语就是主句的主语。
作者: fox2fox    时间: 2010-9-13 22:22
here GMAT use 'after falling over the last two year ' as a whole modifier of Profits
作者: terryhan    时间: 2010-12-1 16:19
OG解释:
This sentence describes two sequentially ordered indicators by which the results of a company’s costcutting measures can be seen. The first indicator to be identified, a five percent increase in profits, occurred after the indicator mentioned next. The sentence therefore needs to clarify the sequence by presenting the first-identified indicator in a clause with a verb tense that indicates a later time period than the verb tense in the clause presenting the second-identifi ed indicator. The subject of the relative clause, which, refers to the plural noun profi ts, so subsequent pronouns referring to these profi ts must also be plural.
A The verb tenses do not distinguish between the times at which these indicators occurred; the singular it does not agree with the plural profits.
B The verb tenses do not distinguish between the times when the indicators occurred; the
singular it does not agree with the plural profits.
C Correct. The verb tenses clearly indicate the sequence of events.
D It is not clear what connection is being described by with; the prepositional phrase
makes the sentence wordy and unclear.
E It is not clear what connection is being described by with; the prepositional phrase
makes the sentence wordy and unclear.
解释:increased发生在fell之后,所以A中fell时态不对。B当中had increase和had fallen时态错误。D/E当中的with引导的独立主格结构错误。
作者: yjh880424    时间: 2010-12-1 22:52
A. which increased five percent during the first three months of this year after it fell
B. which had increased five percent during the first three months of this year after it had fallen
C. which have increased five percent during the first three months of this year after falling
那个after 是个介词  后面不可能接完整的句子的 所以a b 错 还有就是感觉那个 during the first three months of this year  是一个现在完成时的时间标志词 具体可以看一下白勇的书
作者: tuscan    时间: 2010-12-1 23:20
直接选C
作者: 龙泽    时间: 2012-6-10 22:02
[quote]
A. which increased five percent during the first three months of this year after it fell
B. which had increased five percent during the first three months of this year after it had fallen
C. which have increased five percent during the first three months of this year after falling
那个after 是个介词  后面不可能接完整的句子的 所以a b 错 还有就是感觉那个 during the first three months of this year  是一个现在完成时的时间标志词 具体可以看一下白勇的书
-- by 会员 yjh880424 (2010/12/1 22:52:07)

[/quote

after即可以是介词,也可以是连词,这个题中after后面接动名词和句子都是可以的,不是解题关键
作者: onair2010    时间: 2013-1-17 06:52
increase 发生在 fall之后, 那如果increase是increased, fall不就应该是had fell??
作者: 芳芳钟    时间: 2013-1-24 00:30
during the first 3 months of this year 这种时间段的句子出现,时态应该用现在完成时。
如果是during the frist 3 months of last year, 时态用过去完成时。
作者: 牛掰    时间: 2013-5-7 19:56
楼主你好,估计这个问题被解决了吧,这是RON的回答,很有针对性的对你的问题进行了解答,贴过来了

in general, "COMMA + prep phrase modifier" is an adverbial modifier, meaning that it modifies the entirety of the preceding clause.
in this sentence, we don't want an adverbial modifier, since it doesn't make any sense for this modifier to apply to the entire preceding clause.
rather, we want a modifier that will only modify the noun at the end of the preceding clause (i.e., "profits"). since this is the exact function of a "which" modifier, that's the modifier we want here.

其实就是说 “ ,with clause” 的形式适用于修饰整个前面句子的,很明显这个题只是修饰profit才对!
作者: HyeHye    时间: 2013-5-21 04:01
牛掰 发表于 2013-5-7 19:56
楼主你好,估计这个问题被解决了吧,这是RON的回答,很有针对性的对你的问题进行了解答,贴过来了

in gene ...

牛掰的回答是正道啊!让我恍然大悟。
作者: 牛掰    时间: 2013-5-21 10:25
HyeHye 发表于 2013-5-21 04:01
牛掰的回答是正道啊!让我恍然大悟。

嘿嘿, 谢谢你~能帮到你我也很开心!!!一起加油了!!!
作者: solde    时间: 2013-6-1 16:18
牛掰 发表于 2013-5-21 10:25
嘿嘿, 谢谢你~能帮到你我也很开心!!!一起加油了!!!

可是with结构不是也可以修饰“,”前面的名词吗?
作者: HyeHye    时间: 2013-7-2 23:55
solde 发表于 2013-6-1 16:18
可是with结构不是也可以修饰“,”前面的名词吗?

with 结构在句中作状语,表示时间、条件、原因时一般放在句子前面,并用逗号与句子分开;表示方式和伴随状况时一般放在句子后面,可用逗号分开若with结构作定语,则放在所修饰的名词之后,一般不用逗号隔开
作者: enkyklios    时间: 2013-7-3 00:43
我做过一个关于with的总结,里边正好有这一题,我给你复制过来以供参考,

OG13-90 The results of the company's cost-cutting measures are evident in its profits, which increased 5 percent during the first 3 months of this year after it fell over the last two years.
(A) which increased five percent during the first three months of this year after it fell
(B) which had increased five percent during the first three months of this year after it had fallen
(C) which have increased 5 percent during the first 3 months of this year after falling C正确
(D) with a 5 percent increase during the first 3 months of this year after falling
(E) with a 5 percent increase during the first 3 months of this year after having fallen

D,E中after falling /having fallen都不对,因为在C after  falling ……它是省略了的状语从句,它的主语就是前边的which,但是在with结构中这种省略就完全没有办法理解了,或者只能理解成句子的主语---显然错误。但我重点说的不是这个,我认为即使没有after falling的错误,D和E的with用法也不对。

大家对照一下;我们看个例子;Village adopts budget with 1% tax increase 。(含有税收增长的预算)这个是正确的用法,我们可以说with 5 percent profits increase,也可以说with an 5 percent increases in profits,还可以说MPD reports striking profits with increase in sales
但是profits with increase 不行,
如果按定语来看;with结构它不是一个分词,它不能和修饰词是主谓的关系,它不能使profits自己增长起来(我突然就想起来一句话,叫不能拎着自己的头发离开地球)
如果按状语来看;随着增长这只是半句话,应该是随着某事某物的增长。

作者: shally莎莎    时间: 2013-8-21 08:43
HyeHye 发表于 2013-7-2 23:55
with 结构在句中作状语,表示时间、条件、原因时一般放在句子前面,并用逗号与句子分开;表 ...

感觉好有道理的样子!先收了!是不是说,如果用逗号隔开,就一定是壮语?这和ron说的就一样了。bingo!昨天看了一晚上的with用法,也没有这句话精辟了。
作者: wsjustin    时间: 2013-8-21 11:00
enkyklios 发表于 2013-7-3 00:43
我做过一个关于with的总结,里边正好有这一题,我给你复制过来以供参考,

OG13-90 The results of the com ...

enkyklios的解释比较在理
作者: yy20    时间: 2013-9-2 10:42
enkyklios 发表于 2013-7-3 00:43
我做过一个关于with的总结,里边正好有这一题,我给你复制过来以供参考,

OG13-90 The results of the com ...

你的with解释的好精辟!!!但是after 的解释部分我没看懂,能再说说么?省略状语从句是怎么回事?after falling 为什么不对?
作者: enkyklios    时间: 2013-9-2 14:13
yy20 发表于 2013-9-2 10:42
你的with解释的好精辟!!!但是after 的解释部分我没看懂,能再说说么?省略状语从句是怎么回事?after f ...

I fell asleep when (I was) doing my work

状语从句经常可以把主语和谓语省去,尤其是从句主语和主句主语相同时。

所以after falling本质是一个状语从句
作者: yy20    时间: 2013-9-2 15:14
enkyklios 发表于 2013-9-2 14:13
I fell asleep when (I was) doing my work

状语从句经常可以把主语和谓语省去,尤其是从句主语和主句主 ...

那这里时态呢?不应该是过去完成时?
作者: 松松221    时间: 2013-10-10 11:39
yy20 发表于 2013-9-2 15:14
那这里时态呢?不应该是过去完成时?

同问  我选择了B就是因为觉得应该用过去完成时。。。
作者: erkuai9526    时间: 2015-8-26 18:02
松松221 发表于 2013-10-10 11:39
同问  我选择了B就是因为觉得应该用过去完成时。。。

either "increased" or "have increased" would make sense, depending on context. if the sentence is written immediately at the end of the third month of the year, then "have increased" is right. if it's written later, then "increased" makes more sense.
作者: minMAX    时间: 2015-9-5 09:08
recoupsin 发表于 2010-5-16 22:51
1.不选E的原因是,e把定语从句变成了with+N+介词短语的独立主格结构,而独立主格结构是做状语的,修饰主句 ...

请问判断逻辑主语的两种方法是什么?
作者: Hailee    时间: 2015-9-5 10:41
recoupsin 发表于 2010-5-16 22:51
1.不选E的原因是,e把定语从句变成了with+N+介词短语的独立主格结构,而独立主格结构是做状语的,修饰主句 ...

看一下!               
作者: nancyyen    时间: 2015-9-13 12:22
牛掰 发表于 2013-5-7 19:56
楼主你好,估计这个问题被解决了吧,这是RON的回答,很有针对性的对你的问题进行了解答,贴过来了

in gene ...

看了这句话终于明白了
作者: nancyyen    时间: 2015-10-4 16:57
牛掰 发表于 2013-5-7 19:56
楼主你好,估计这个问题被解决了吧,这是RON的回答,很有针对性的对你的问题进行了解答,贴过来了

in gene ...

原来是这样!
作者: PurpleSun520    时间: 2016-3-27 23:46
HyeHye 发表于 2013-7-2 23:55
with 结构在句中作状语,表示时间、条件、原因时一般放在句子前面,并用逗号与句子分开;表 ...

同意!               
作者: YVETTEWYW    时间: 2016-7-17 20:04
牛掰 发表于 2013-5-7 19:56
楼主你好,估计这个问题被解决了吧,这是RON的回答,很有针对性的对你的问题进行了解答,贴过来了

in gene ...

Mark一下!               
作者: AnnieFFish    时间: 2016-8-24 21:13
每次到最后都是被RON拍醒!

作者: Jupiter1994    时间: 2016-8-26 03:29
yjh880424 发表于 2010-12-1 22:52
A. which increased five percent during the first three months of this year after it fellB. which had ...

after 能接完整的句子啊。。。
作者: aliCD    时间: 2016-9-6 16:46
HyeHye 发表于 2013-7-2 23:55
with 结构在句中作状语,表示时间、条件、原因时一般放在句子前面,并用逗号与句子分开;表 ...

66666666666666!
作者: Zweistein    时间: 2016-10-6 14:30
牛掰 发表于 2013-5-7 19:56
楼主你好,估计这个问题被解决了吧,这是RON的回答,很有针对性的对你的问题进行了解答,贴过来了

in gene ...

这才说道点子上了
作者: uuuiiiwww    时间: 2016-10-28 10:51
牛掰 发表于 2013-5-7 19:56
楼主你好,估计这个问题被解决了吧,这是RON的回答,很有针对性的对你的问题进行了解答,贴过来了

in gene ...

同意!               
作者: 嘭哒嗒    时间: 2016-10-28 13:20
gracezz 发表于 2010-5-16 20:46
感觉这个前面应该用having fallen才对。。。为什么用falling 也可以呢....with 从句仔细看了看也不好, ...


The results of the company’s cost- cutting measures are evident in its profits, which increased five percent during the first three months of this year after it fell over the last two years.
刚刚突然想通!虽然 over the last two years 是time maker,但是profits在未来不会在继续下跌,因为已经升高了,所以就直接用after falling over the last two years 做为profits 的 modifier。
作者: Grace828    时间: 2016-11-6 23:50
牛掰 发表于 2013-5-7 19:56
楼主你好,估计这个问题被解决了吧,这是RON的回答,很有针对性的对你的问题进行了解答,贴过来了

in gene ...

明白了,谢谢分享!
作者: 恒河猴    时间: 2017-2-13 19:16
enkyklios 发表于 2013-7-3 00:43
我做过一个关于with的总结,里边正好有这一题,我给你复制过来以供参考,

OG13-90 The results of the com ...

同意!               
作者: 纪小公举    时间: 2017-3-30 00:19
弱弱的问一句,这个题没有人觉得A B C选项的increase five percent有问题吗?不应该是increase BY five percent吗...
作者: 阿噗    时间: 2017-7-18 15:34
顶楼主!               
作者: dealchan    时间: 2017-7-31 16:25
gmatziyu 发表于 2010-3-14 12:58
感觉这个前面应该用having fallen才对。。。为什么用falling 也可以呢....with 从句仔细看了看也不好,因为 ...

after having done是wordy的,因为after已经是表示一种consequence,have done也是表示一种consequence
作者: chenye666    时间: 2017-9-29 15:16
erkuai9526 发表于 2015-8-26 18:02
either "increased" or "have increased" would make sense, depending on context. if the sentence is  ...

你好,我认为不应该用increased,因为第一,再整句话当中,increase和fall两个动作是有先后顺序的,如果fall是fell,那么increase肯定不能用increased;另外,一般过去时是指已经结束的动作,跟现在没有关系,而现在完成时是指过去的动作一直持续到现在,或者过去的动作结束了,但是产生的影响一直到现在。明显,本题的意思是,这个措施及其影响会继续持续下去,因此不能用一般过去时。
作者: chenye666    时间: 2017-9-29 15:21
纪小公举 发表于 2017-3-30 00:19
弱弱的问一句,这个题没有人觉得A B C选项的increase five percent有问题吗?不应该是increase BY five per ...

增长了5%,没有问题啊,为啥要用by呢
作者: chenye666    时间: 2017-9-29 15:23
dealchan 发表于 2017-7-31 16:25
after having done是wordy的,因为after已经是表示一种consequence,have done也是表示一种consequence ...

有道理!附上ron神的解释:"after having VERBed" is, in general, a redundant construction -- the word "after" is already there, so "having" doesn't contribute anything. if you see this construction, you should generally be able to replace it with "after VERBing".
作者: lisaxiwm    时间: 2017-11-26 23:40
chenye666 发表于 2017-9-29 15:23
有道理!附上ron神的解释:"after having VERBed" is, in general, a redundant construction -- the word ...

同意!               
作者: lindalinfuxi    时间: 2018-2-13 21:15
看到正确答案,突然想到RON讲的 "A modifier must be either blocked off by commas or not blocked off by commas. You cannot block off a modifier with a comma on one side but not on the other".
正确答案C里面不是刚好犯了这个错误吗?
C. which have increased five percent during the first three months of this year after falling
只有前面没划线部分有Comma,后面没有comma啊?

有没有大牛可以解释一下?
作者: Ivy蓝蓝蓝蓝    时间: 2018-3-25 11:29
lindalinfuxi 发表于 2018-2-13 21:15
看到正确答案,突然想到RON讲的 "A modifier must be either blocked off by commas or not blocked off by ...

但是ron上课说这句话的时候还有一句:除了这个modifier在开头或结尾。因为这种情况下有一个已经写成句号了,而且这题每个选项都是一边逗号,一边句号,不存在split就不用为这个疑惑~
作者: 招拆猫猫拳    时间: 2018-5-24 14:18
牛掰 发表于 2013-5-7 19:56
楼主你好,估计这个问题被解决了吧,这是RON的回答,很有针对性的对你的问题进行了解答,贴过来了

in gene ...

同意!               




欢迎光临 ChaseDream (https://forum.chasedream.com/) Powered by Discuz! X3.3