ffice" />本人花了一个下午，看完了ecsniffer的巨贴(dispbbs.asp?BoardID=23&ID=36523)，再加上以前一份资料：《verbal advance》,归纲总结了这份《比较than分类分析》与大家分享。fficeffice" />
草草成稿，定有许多错漏之外，希望NN指正，并加以不断更新，补充！
一、more/ less/ adj+er than
注：此分析未包括as/like
（1） 主语比较
1.1 than前若有宾语，则其后的助词需补出，时态要据后定。主语相同可省
1. The pay of senior executives increased in 1990 by a larger percentage than did the wages of other salaried workers.
2. As a result of the continuing decline in the birth rate, fewer people will enter the labor force in the 1980’s than did in the 1960’s and 1970’s, a twenty-year period during which people born after the war swelled the ranks of workers. (主语people相同且无定语成分则省之，但did不能省)
3. Several studies have found that the coronary patients who exercise most actively are at least fifty percent less likely than those who are sedentary to die of a heart attack.（主语相同且有定语成分，必须要that/those来指代）
1.2 than前只有BE + ADJ，则其后的主语无须补助词。
1. Even though Bela Bartok’s music has proved less popular than Igor Stravinsky’s and less influential than Arnold Schonberg’s, it is no less important.
2. In 1982 the median income for married-couple families with a wage-earning wife was $9,000 more than that for families in which only the husband was employed.
1.3 than前有两个动词，比较主语无须补助词。
1. A study commissioned by the Department of Agriculture showed that if calves exercise and associate with other calves, they have require less medication and gain weight more quickly than those raised in confinement.
（2） than后名词前的介词要补出
1. Aging is a property of all animals that reach a fixed size at maturity, and the variations in life spans among different species are far greater than those among individuals of the same species: a fruit fly is ancient at 40 days, a mouse at 3 years, a horse at 30, a man at 100, and some tortoises at 150. 介宾的比较。
2. The investor who is uncertain about the future is more likely to put money into blue-chip stocks or treasury bills than into gold.
3. Nowhere in Prakta is the influence of modern European architecture more apparent than in its government buildings.（倒装句）
4. The human growth hormone, made by the pituitary gland, is secreted in higher concentrations during sleep than during waking hours.
（3） 宾语比较，一般加that/those
1. In addition to having more protein than wheat does, rice has protein of higher quality than that in wheat, with more of the amino acids essential to the human diet. (B-p106-19)
（4） 宾语补语，比较结构修饰宾语，无须补出助词；
1. In his eagerness to find a city worthy of Priam, the German archaeologist Schliemann cut through Troy and uncovered a civilization a thousand years more ancient than the city known to Homer’s heroes.
2. .Domestic automobile manufacturers have invested millions of dollars in research to develop cars even more gasoline-efficient than those at present on the road.
3. The man was always aware, sometimes proudly and sometimes resentfully, that he was a small-town Midwesterner thrust into a world dominated by wealthier, better-educated, and more polished people than he.
4. Bihar is India’s state, with an annual percapita income of $111 lower than that of the most impoverished countries of the world.
5. Florida will gain another quarter-million jobs this year alone, many of them in such high-paying fields as electronics and banking, making the state’s economy far more diversified than it was ten years ago. （需要解释）
（5） likely引导的表语比较
1. St. John’s , Newfoundland, lies on the same latitude as Paris, France, but in spring St. John’s residents are less likely to be sitting at outdoor cafes than to be bracing themselves against arctic chills, shoveling snow, or seeking shelter from a raging northeast storm.
2. According to a recent study, the elderly in the United States are four times more likely to give regular finacial aid to their children than to receive it from them.
（6） 宾语+介词混合结构：
1. Although Napoleon’s army entered Russia with far more supplies than for any previous campaign, it had provisions for only twenty-four days.
2. Once positioned in space, the Hubble Space Telescope will capture light from source twenty times fainter than those that can be detected by ground-based instruments.
（7） 句子的比较
1. In Japan elderly people are treated with far greater respect than they are in most Western countries.
2. For many travelers, charter vacations often turn out to cost considerably more than they originally seemed.
3. Holland spends a larger percentage of its gross national product on defending its coasts from rising seas than the United States does on military defense.句子比较
4. Two new studies indicate that many people become obese more because their bodies burn calories too slowly than because they eat too much.
5. Dr. Hakuta’s research among Hispanic children in the United States indicates that the more the children use both Spanish and English, the greater their intellectual advantage in skills underlying reading ability and nonverbal logic. (B-p106-7)
（8） than ever, than anticipated/ estimated…
1. The report on the gross national product—the nation’s total production of goods and services—showed that second-quarter inflation was somewhat lower than previously estimated and that the savings rate was slightly higher.
2. The financial crash of October 1987 demonstrated that the world’s capital markets are more closely integrated than ever before and that events in one part of the global village may be transmitted to the rest of the village—almost instantaneously.
（9） more than, less than 及其他。
9.1 视同副词
1. Founded in 1983, the magazine has since more than doubled its circulation and its advertising.
2. The number of undergraduate degrees in engineering awarded by colleges and universities in the United States more than doubled from 1978 to 1985.
3. Degler does more than merely summarize existing research; he constructs a coherent picture of two centuries of studies dealing with the changing roles of women.
4. A Labor Department study states that the number of women employed outside the home increased by more than thirty-five percent in the past decade and accounted for more than sixty-two percent of the total growth in the civilian work force.
5. Less detrimental than the effects of bacterial transformation are the effects of bacterial deterioration: spoilage of food, corrosion of metals, decay of wood, and other undesirable alternations of substances.
6. No less remarkable than the development of the compact disc has been the use of the new technology to revitalize, in better sound than was ever before possible, some of the classic recorded performances of the pre-LP era.
7. Even though the direct costs of malpractice disputes amounted to less than one percent of the $541 billion the nation spent on health care last year, doctors say fear of lawsuits plays a major role in health-care inflation.
8. With total sales of less than three hundred thousand dollars and fewer new subscribers than last year, the New England Theatre Company is in danger of losing its building.
9.2 视同形容词
9. No less an authority than Walter Cronkite has reported that half of all Americans never read a book.
10. IRS provision 354-B requires that an S corporation with assets of greater than $200,000 send W-2 forms to its full-and part-time employees on or before Jan.31.
（10） 插入语
1. The visiting pharmacologists concluded that the present amalgam of Chinese and Western medicine is probably as good as, or better than, any other system that might be devised for the patients treated at the Nan Kai hospital in Tian-jing.
2. The use of chemical pesticides in this country is as extensive as it was ten years ago, if not more so.
二、非比较，但与比较相关：
1. According to surveys by the National Institute on Drug Abuse, about 20 percent of young adults used cocaine in 1979, twice the number reported in the 1977 survey. 同位语
2. Of the twin supernovas, the more recently discovered it the larger, but it is the smaller one that has irrevocably altered astronomists’ ideas about the origins of the universe.
不知正确与否，还请一起商讨！
主语比较主谓语省略：fficeffice" />
more than ;
² 主语people相同且无定语成分省略，但did不能省；
2. As a result of the continuing decline in the birth rate, fewer people will enter the labor force in the 1980’s than did in the 1960’s and 1970’s, a twenty-year period during which people born after the war swelled the ranks of workers. (主语people相同且无定语成分省略，但did不能省)
² 主语相同且有定语成分，必须要that/those来指代
3. Several studies have found that the coronary patients who exercise most actively are at least fifty percent less likely than those who are sedentary to die of a heart attack.（主语相同且有定语成分，必须要that/those来指代）
as …as; the same …as ;
² 前后的主语比较：后面的主语可省略，但要保留与前相对应的定语成份，并要求后面有谓语助词；
1. According to a study by the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching, companies in the United States are providing job training and general education for nearly eight million people, about as many as are enrolled in the nation’s four-year colleges and universities. (A-P1-233)
2. In one of the bloodies battles of the Civil War, fought at sharpsburg, Maryland, on September 17, 1862, four times as many Americans were killed as would later be killed on the beaches of Normandy during D-Day. (C-p90-19)
3.According to Booker T. Whatley’s recent analysis, planting the same crops as are planted on large farms will lead to economic disaster for the small farmer, who should plan a succession of high-value crops that will provide a year-round cash flow. (A-P1-196) the same as are planted on large farms作为crops的定语从句；as是代词，指代crops，在从句中作主语。
² 后面主语若不省，用that/those 代替，则必须把谓语动词省略。
17. Wind resistance created by opening windows while driving results in a fuel penalty at least as great as that incurred by using air conditioning.
21. Newcomers to southern California are surprised to discover that, in spite of the temperate climate, heating bills are at least as high as those in most Midwestern or eastern cities.
后面主语不省，且不是用that/those 代替，则谓语动词可以省略。
1. 关于（2）than后名词前的介词要补出 , 能否将标题改为"介词短语作状语的比较"???
2.关于(2) 1 :
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（7） 句子的比较 1. In Japan elderly people are treated with far greater respect than they are in most Western countries.
1. 关于（2）than后名词前的介词要补出 , 能否将标题改为"介词短语作状语的比较"???
答：我写这些标题本来是给我自己看的，我是为了强调重点部分，看到介宾比较找than后有介词的那个选项；你的改法更规范一些。
2.关于(2) 1 :
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（7） 句子的比较 1. In Japan elderly people are treated with far greater respect than they are in most Western countries.
就让less than one percent 成为习惯用法吧
jerryguan,great!!! 佩服！佩服！
只可惜现在才看到这个帖子
有以下补充，只是借花献佛，受coolerdavid的启发：
1.2 than前只有BE + ADJ，则其后的主语无须补助词。
1. Even though Bela Bartok’s music has proved less popular than Igor Stravinsky’s and less influential than Arnold Schonberg’s, it is no less important.
2. In 1982 the median income for married-couple families with a wage-earning wife was $9,000 more than that for families in which only the husband was employed.
than前只有BE + ADJ，如果前后时态一致，则其后的主语无须补助词；如果时态不一致，则需补出助词。
例如：The economy of
（4） 宾语补语，比较结构修饰宾语，无须补出助词；如果前后时态一致，则其后的主语无须补助词；如果时态不一致，则需补出助词。
1. In his eagerness to find a city worthy of Priam, the German archaeologist Schliemann cut through Troy and uncovered a civilization a thousand years more ancient than the city known to Homer’s heroes. （前后都是过去时）
2. .Domestic automobile manufacturers have invested millions of dollars in research to develop cars even more gasoline-efficient than those at present on the road.（前后都是现在时）
3. The man was always aware, sometimes proudly and sometimes resentfully, that he was a small-town Midwesterner thrust into a world dominated by wealthier, better-educated, and more polished people than he.
4. Bihar is India’s state, with an annual percapita income of $111 lower than that of the most impoverished countries of the world.
5. Florida will gain another quarter-million jobs this year alone, many of them in such high-paying fields as electronics and banking, making the state’s economy far more diversified than it was ten years ago. （前面是现在时，后面是过去时，需补出was）
谢谢GG
比较的原则是比较对象对等，句子没有歧义，简洁
根据xdf的讲义，比较对象与状语（时间状语）之间不具备可比较性，所以任何than + 时间状语，都应该补足主语和谓语，我觉得这样总结比较简单。供大家参考。
251. The gyrfalcon, an Arctic bird of prey, has survived a close brush with extinction; its numbers are now five times greater than when the use of DDT was sharply restricted in the early 1970's. .
(A) extinction; its numbers are now five times greater than
(B) extinction; its numbers are now five times more than
(C) extinction, their numbers now fivefold what they were
(D) extinction, now with fivefold the numbers they had
(E) extinction, now with numbers five times greater than
这个 题就是个反例吧！！
it's really good, thanks alot Jerry!
the font is not too small,^^ dont worry
251. The gyrfalcon, an Arctic bird of prey, has survived a close brush with extinction; its numbers are now five times greater than when the use of DDT was sharply restricted in the early 1970's. .
(A) extinction; its numbers are now five times greater than
(B) extinction; its numbers are now five times more than
(C) extinction, their numbers now fivefold what they were
(D) extinction, now with fivefold the numbers they had
(E) extinction, now with numbers five times greater than
这个 题就是个反例吧！！
此題A為正確答案，比較的是主語，若如前所說，前后時態不一緻應該補全，即應為：its numbers are now five times greater than it was when the use of DDT was sharply restricted in the early 1970's.
請哪位NN給齣一個肯定的答復，多謝！
One silly question, what's the difference between " DA Quan" and OG. I've been devoted most of my time tackling OG. Is Da Quan important?
觉得楼主的一、（4）
宾语补语，比较结构修饰宾语，无须补出助词 总结的很好啊，以前没有想到过这类问题，但真一做题，还发现很多都是这个情况。
随便举两个我理解的例子吧:
OG19 Rice has protein of higher quality than that in wheat.
OG266 favored a clean Air Act at least as strong as the present one
不知道我个人对宾语补语这个的理解是否正确，请大家指教！
好贴
3遍都不够
BZ COOL TIE!
此題A為正確答案，比較的是主語，若如前所說，前后時態不一緻應該補全，即應為：its numbers are now five times greater than
it was when the use of DDT was sharply restricted in the early 1970's.
請哪位NN給齣一個肯定的答復，多謝！
OG251是时间状语的比较
大全10 A large rise in the number of housing starts in the coming year should boost new construction dollarsby several billion dollars, making the construction industry’s economic health much more robust than five years ago.
(A) making the construction industry’s economic health much more robust than five years ago
(C) making the construction industry’s economic health much more robust than it was five years ago
答案是c
og251. The gyrfalcon, an Arctic bird of prey, has survived a close brush with extinction; its numbers are now five times greater than when the use of DDT was sharply restricted in the early 1970's. .
(A) extinction; its numbers are now five times greater than
(B) extinction; its numbers are now five times more than
(C) extinction, their numbers now fivefold what they were
答案是a
Florida will gain another quarter-million jobs this year alone, many of them in such high-paying fields as electronics and banking,making the state’s economy far more diversified than it was ten years ago.
其实根据这3个句子。可以看出than之后需不需要补助词。其实主要问题不是时态前后不一置。
在og251的a项中，than前后时态不一致，但确实把it was给省略了。而且这里it was是可以省的，并无歧义也很简洁。
在大全10和最后一句里，it was 需要补出，个人认为是因为比较结构出现在了伴随性状语中。
具体为什么，我也说不清，可能是为了避免歧义（我不是很确定）。但大家记住这个规律即可。
No less remarkable than the development of the compact disc has been the use of the new technology to revitalize, in better sound than was ever before possible, some of the classic recorded performances of the pre-LP era.
请问这句中的to revitalize,in better sound than was ever before possible, some of the classic recorded performances of the...是不是该理解为to revitalize some of the classic recorded performances of the pre-LP era in better sound than was ever before?这里为什么要用was?难道是表示in better sound than (the sound) was ever before?
For many travelers, charter vacations often turn out to cost considerably more than they originally seemed.
这里的seemed后面的to cost是不是省略了?
Although Napoleon’s army entered Russia with far more supplies than for any previous campaign, it had provisions for only twenty-four days.
加for 是因为 supply for 这个结构。是supply for this campaign 与supply for any previous campaign的比较. 关于这道题og11的解释：in the context of supplies for a campaign, the prep. for is preferable to the prep. in.
归纳得非常好,但有个地方似乎值得商榷:
1.3
than前有两个动词，比较主语无须补助词。
1. A study commissioned by the Department of Agriculture showed that if calves exercise and associate with other calves, they have require less medication and gain weight more quickly than those raised in confinement.
这句不补助动词的原因我问了我们的英语老师(哥大英美文学PHD),她说:
原因不在于than前有多个动词,而在于比较的部分属于不同成分,具体来说就是:less medication与more quickly一个充当宾语,一个充当状语.如果都是充当宾语,则助词不可少.希望楼主能更正一下,这样大家会更明白一些. 另外,如果前面两个比较成分都是充当宾语,则助词可以省略.
2.关于(2) 1 : 1. Aging is a property of all animals that reach a fixed size at maturity, and the variations in life spans among different species are far greater than those among individuals of the same species: a fruit fly is ancient at 40 days, a mouse at 3 years, a horse at 30, a man at 100, and some tortoises at 150. 介宾的比较。
1. Aging is a property of all animals that reach a fixed size at maturity, and the variations in life spans among different species are far greater than those among individuals of the same species: a fruit fly is ancient at 40 days, a mouse at 3 years, a horse at 30, a man at 100, and some tortoises at 150. 介宾的比较。
这个句子应该归为主语的比较更合理些, 也就是放到1.1???
我怎么觉得应该放到1.2里面？than前面不是没有宾语吗？看起来像是Be+adj.的结构阿~
求解~~~
10.A large rise in the number of housing starts in the coming year should boost new construction dollars by several billion dollars, making the construction industry’s economic health much more robust than five years ago.
(A) making the construction industry’s economic health much more robust than five years ago
(B) and make the construction industry’s economic health much more robust than five years ago
(C) making the construction industry’s economic health much more robust than it was five years ago
(D) to make the construction industry’s economic health much more robust than five years ago
(E) in making the construction industry’s economic health much more robust than it as five years ago
个人觉得这道题如果不补"it was"会有歧意．
我们可以把题的结构简单改为：A large rise in the number of housing starts will make the economic health more robust than ....
1. 如果than后面是"it was five years ago", 句子比较的是经济状态，意思是"比5年前的经济更robust";
2. 如果than后面是"did it five years ago", 句子则强调动作，意思变成"5年前即使得经济很robust，如今则更甚"
大全299也是如此．
OG251与上面两题不相同，主语谓语均相同，省略后并不会引起歧义，只保留了不同的部分．大全90, 大全359均是如此
....
越看越昏啊
3. The man was always aware, sometimes proudly and sometimes resentfully, that he was a small-town Midwesterner thrust into a world dominated by wealthier, better-educated, and more polished people than he.
哪位NN 能帮忙分析一下这个句子的成分啊, 没有看懂.....
有点头大。。。。
我也作了那张老长的大全比较题牛贴，感觉只有不补足时完全不会出现混淆的时候才会不补足，其余时候都会补足。。。
第一层主句：主干：The man was always aware,... that+宾语从句
第二层从句：that he was a small-town Midwesterner thrust into a world dominated by wealthier, better-educated, and more polished people than he.
宾语从句主干： he was a small-town midwesterner ......thrust into a world dominated by wealthier, better-educated, and more polished people than he.[thrust过去分词引导定语从句修饰宾语midwesterner]
第三层：比较对象：wealthier better-educated and more polished people [主]dominated[谓] a world[宾]
than
he[主] dominated[谓] a world[宾]
这里由于比较的是不同主语，本应做出补足，但是由于省略不会造成歧义，所以省略补出。
PS：要对比较部分同时出现不同主语和宾语的情况谨慎考虑，看是否要做出补出。
Well, that's it. Hope it help~
mark
1. 关于（2）than后名词前的介词要补出 , 能否将标题改为"介词短语作状语的比较"???
2.关于(2) 1 :
1. Aging is a property of all animals that reach a fixed size at maturity, and the variations in life spans among different species are far greater than those among individuals of the same species: a fruit fly is ancient at 40 days, a mouse at 3 years, a horse at 30, a man at 100, and some tortoises at 150. 介宾的比较。
（7） 句子的比较
1. In Japan elderly people are treated with far greater respect than they are in most Western countries.
they 其实是指代elderly people. In Japan应该是修饰整句。若将句子改写如下，语意不变，但更清晰。
Elderly people are treated with far greater respect in Japan than they are in most Western countries.
支持楼上的
In Japan elderly people are treated with far greater respect than they are in most Western countries.
我感觉这个句子问题出在语序上面，即像楼上说的In Japan 在句首，则做整句的状语，与我们通常见到的比较不同，这里的比较不满足平行的基本要求。
出于这个原因，如果单单把句子写成
In Japan elderly people are treated with far greater respect than in most Western countries.
那么按照OG的说法，则是这个句子than前后不平行
所以一定要把主谓完整的写出来。
我同意楼上的句子的改法，但我认为如果这样改，完全可以把第二套主谓省略，因为整个句子是状语比较，不会有主谓的歧义
Elderly people are treated with far greater respect in Japan than （they are） in most Western countries.
谢谢BZ~
正好对这方面有疑问。。。
关于1.1-3.
Several studies have found that the coronary patients who exercise most actively are at least fifty percent less likely than those who are sedentary to die of a heart attack.（主语相同且有定语成分，必须要that/those来指代）
个人认为似乎放到“1.2 than前只有BE + ADJ，则其后的主语无须补助词。 ”这个类别里面更合适些coronary patients are fifty percent less likely than those...
1.2-2 the median income was $9,000 more than that...
请各位指点
咨询一下38楼的朋友：
前面说都是充当宾语时，助动词不能省。后面又说都充当宾语，助动词可以省。这里前后说法有些矛盾，望指正
由（4）
宾语补语，比较结构修饰宾语，无须补出助词；
making the state’s economy far more diversified than it was ten years ago
可以调整为：A is more diversified that it was ten years ago
it was 在这里可以同时省略么？
归纳得非常好,但有个地方似乎值得商榷:
1.3
than前有两个动词，比较主语无须补助词。
1. A study commissioned by the Department of Agriculture showed that if calves exercise and associate with other calves, they have require less medication and gain weight more quickly than those raised in confinement.
这句不补助动词的原因我问了我们的英语老师(哥大英美文学PHD),她说:
原因不在于than前有多个动词,而在于比较的部分属于不同成分,具体来说就是:less medication与more quickly一个充当宾语,一个充当状语.如果都是充当宾语,则助词不可少.希望楼主能更正一下,这样大家会更明白一些. 另外,如果前面两个比较成分都是充当宾语,则助词可以省略.
顶！
（7）
句子的比较
1. In Japan elderly people are treated with far greater respect than they are in most Western countries.
这一句不懂啊，主语没有定语修饰，前后时态也一致，为什么后边还需要THEY ARE呢？
支持楼上的
In Japan elderly people are treated with far greater respect than they are in most Western countries.
我感觉这个句子问题出在语序上面，即像楼上说的In Japan 在句首，则做整句的状语，与我们通常见到的比较不同，这里的比较不满足平行的基本要求。
出于这个原因，如果单单把句子写成
In Japan elderly people are treated with far greater respect than in most Western countries.
那么按照OG的说法，则是这个句子than前后不平行
所以一定要把主谓完整的写出来。
我同意楼上的句子的改法，但我认为如果这样改，完全可以把第二套主谓省略，因为整个句子是状语比较，不会有主谓的歧义
Elderly people are treated with far greater respect in Japan than （they are） in most Western countries.
完全赞同。dingxiang 的观点
in Japan 应该是做状语而非定语。此外 elderly people 是泛指而非特指，特指为像楼主所说的有定语修饰的成分。所以这里用they没有问题，可以指同一伙人。
如果改为elderly people in Japan are treated with far greater respect than those are in most Western countries. 这里就应该用those而非they.
另外还有一个make + n. +adj. + than 的比较题，后面也不出了it was，供比较。
大全
10.A large rise in the number of housing starts in the coming year should boost new construction dollars by several billion dollars, making the construction industry’s economic health much more robust than five years ago.
(A) making the construction industry’s economic health much more robust than five years ago
(B) and make the construction industry’s economic health much more robust than five years ago
(C) making the construction industry’s economic health much more robust than it was five years ago
(D) to make the construction industry’s economic health much more robust than five years ago
(E) in making the construction industry’s economic health much more robust than it as five years ago
the key:C
Up!
（一）
主谓宾结构，比较主语或谓语
than前是主谓宾结构，且比较主语、谓语，无论如何，than之后的助词需补出；
之间的差别是that/those补不补。
主语类同时，主语可省（哪怕有状语成分存在），需要补助动词
As a result
of the continuing decline in the birth rate, fewer
people
will enter the labor force
in the
did
in
the
which people born after the war swelled the ranks of workers.
主语类同时，若有定语成分（which/what等等）或其他限定性的成分修饰主语（done），则用that/those代替前主语，需要补助动词
In
fewer people will enter the force than
will those who live in
In
fewer people will enter the force than those who live in
******以上例子的差别…??????
(I hate him
more than you do)
(I hate him
more than do you)
主语不类同时，显然有不同的主语，当然，需要补助动词；此时就没有that/those的问题。
Man will enter the force more than women will.
******The pay of senior executives increased in 1990 by
a
larger
percentage
than
did the wages of other salaried workers. （原句）
The pay of senior executives increased in 1990 by
a
larger
percentage
than the wages of other salaried workers
did.
以上例子的差别…??????
若than前世两个动词的主谓宾结构，无须补助词；若有定语成分（which/what等等）或其他限定性的成分修饰主语（done），则用that/those代替前主语。
A study
commissioned by the Department of Agriculture showed that if calves exercise and associate
with other calves, they require less medication and
gain weight more quickly than those
raised
in confinement.
若raised in confinement换为时间状语，则可以没有those,原则和前面一样，即，总结：
限定性成分的有无对应that/those的有无（这是主语类同的情况，不类同时不需要考虑此问题）
主谓宾与否决定助动词补与否
原因不在于than前
有多个动词,而在于比较的部分属于不同成分,具体来说就是:less medication与more quickly一个充当宾语,一个充当状语.如果都是充当宾语,则助词不可少.希望楼主能更正一下,这样大家会更明白一些. 另外,如果前面两个比较成分
都是充当宾语,则助词可以省略.
（一） 主谓宾结构，补充比较宾语——n+v+n+比较级+n
主谓宾句子结构，比较宾语——宾语没有动作内涵——就相当于“n+比较级+adj”模式，与（三）规则相同，即——that/those或者换主语，不需要补助动词
it就是指代前面说过的那个东西，而that指代前面说过的那种东西。That/those是类同，it是完全相同
******In addition
to having more protein than wheat does（与******句比较，does到底放哪，有没有倒装）, rice
has
protein
of
higher
quality
than
that
in
wheat, with more of the amino acids essential to
the human diet.
Domestic
automobile manufacturers
have
invested
millions of dollars in research to
develop
cars even more
gasoline-efficient
than
those at present on the road.
In his
eagerness to find a city worthy of Priam, the German archaeologist Schliemann cut through Troy and uncovered a civilization
a thousand
years
more
ancient
than
the
city known to Homer’s heroes.
The man was
always aware, sometimes proudly and sometimes resentfully, that he was a
small-town Midwesterner thrust into a world
dominated by wealthier, better-educated, and more polished people than he.
Bihar is
state, with an annual per capita income
of $111 lower
than
that of the most impoverished countries
of the world.
有问题！！！这句明显不是宾语形式的比较，因为有动作的内涵，所以，归于主谓比较的范畴，是“主谓宾”结构
，于是必须有was，至于it????
如果前后时态一致，则其后的主语无须补助词；如果时态不一致，则需补出助词。
Florida will gain another quarter-million jobs this
year alone, many of them in such high-paying fields as electronics and banking,
making the state’s economy far more
diversified than it was
ten years ago.
同样，than前只有BE + ADJ，如果前后时态一致，则其后的主语无须补助词；如果时态不一致，则需补出助词。
例如：The economy
of
more diversified than it was ten years ago
那么？？
The
gyrfalcon, an Arctic bird of prey, has survived a close brush with extinction;
its numbers are now five times greater than（it was） when the
use of DDT was sharply restricted in the early 1970's.
大全10
A large rise in the number of housing
starts in the coming year should boost new construction dollarsby several
billion dollars, making the construction industry’s economic health much
more robust than five years ago.
(A) making the construction industry’s
economic health much more robust than five years ago
(C) making the construction industry’s
economic health much more robust than it was
five years ago
答案是c
og251. The gyrfalcon, an Arctic bird of prey, has survived a close brush with extinction; its numbers are now five times greater than when the use of DDT was sharply restricted in the early 1970's. .
(A) extinction; its numbers are now five times greater than
(B) extinction; its numbers are now five times more than
(C) extinction, their numbers now fivefold what they were
答案是a
Florida will gain another quarter-million jobs this year alone, many of them in such high-paying fields as electronics and banking,making the state’s economy far more diversified than it was ten years ago.
其实根据这3个句子。可以看出than之后需不需要补助词。其实主要问题不是时态前后不一置。
在og251的a项中，than前后时态不一致，但确实把it was给省略了。而且这里it was是可以省的，并无歧义也很简洁。
在大全10和最后一句里，it was 需要补出，个人认为是因为比较结构出现在了伴随性状语中。
具体为什么，我也说不清，可能是为了避免歧义（我不是很确定）。但大家记住这个规律即可。（一）
主谓宾结构+介词+含比较级的延伸动作：
难点,如果不省略是什么样
Although
Napoleon’s army entered Russia with far more supplies than （those因为没有限定成分，于是可以省略，是宾语，这里不是主谓比较，于是不需要补助动词）for
any previous campaign, it had provisions for only twenty-four days.
Once positioned
in space, the Hubble Space Telescope will capture light
from source twenty times fainter than those（由于有限定成分于是不能省略those，这里是宾语含义补充上的比较，于是不需要补助词）
that can be detected by ground-based instruments.
（二）
N+比较级+adj结构
than前是“主+比较级+adj”结构（肯定是比较不同主语，于是用that/those或者换主语），不需要补助动词，因为无歧义
“主+比较级+adj”比较的是不同的主语——类同则用that/those，或者完全不同则用不同主语
主语类同时，是that/those；主语不类同，则换成了别的主语，与which/who从句无关，如：
Even though
Bela Bartok’s music has proved less popular than
Igor Stravinsky’s and less influential than Arnold Schonberg’s, it
is no less important.
Several
studies have found that the coronary patients
who exercise most actively are at least
fifty percent less
likely
than
those
who are sedentary to die of a heart
attack.
In 1982 the
median income for married-couple families
with a wage-earning wife was $9,000 more than that for families in
which only the husband was employed.
即总结：主+比较级+adj，一定有that/those或主语,不需要助动词.
Aging is a
property of all animals that reach a fixed size at maturity, and the variations in life spans among
different species are
far
greater
than
those
among
individuals of the same species: a fruit fly is ancient at 40 days, a mouse at
3 years, a horse at 30, a man at 100, and some tortoises at 150.
可以看出，介词也是一种对主语进行限定的成分，所以必须有that/those。
Nowhere
in Prakta is the influence of modern European architecture more apparent
than in its government buildings.（倒装句，此句需查）
这个less likely并没有把less likely to do结构发挥出来，所以就当一般的n+adj用了
Several
studies have found that the coronary patients
who exercise most actively are at least
fifty percent less
likely
than
those
who are sedentary to die of a heart
attack.
（一）
N+adj+含比较级的延伸动作
likely引导的延伸动作
Less/more
likely to do than to do
比较的是延伸的动作，而非n，于是不需要that/those；
没有歧义，只有主谓宾结构中的“主语或谓语”的比较才补助动词，所以这里不补。
若延伸的动作一样，可以省略，但必须有修饰状语（以表明不同时空的同一动作）
The human
growth hormone, made by the pituitary
gland, is
secreted
in
higher
concentrations during
sleep
than（is
secreted in concentration）
during waking hours.
此句不是”n+比较级+adj”而是“n+adj+延伸，延伸含比较级”
lies on the same latitude as
residents
are less likely to be sitting at
outdoor cafes than to be bracing
themselves against arctic chills, shoveling snow, or seeking shelter
from a raging northeast storm.
The investor who is uncertain about the future is
more
likely
to
put
money
into blue-chip stocks or treasury bills than (to put money) into gold.
According to
a recent study, the elderly in the
give regular
finacial aid to their children than to receive
it from them.
下面两句在n+adj的形式里已经出现过
The investor who is uncertain about the future is
more
likely
to
put
money
into blue-chip stocks or treasury bills than (“to put money”被省略了)
into gold.
（二）
整句比较
In
Japan elderly people
are
treated
with
far
greater
respect
than
they
are（treated）
in most Western countries.
我感觉这个句子问题出在语序上面，即像楼上说的In Japan 在句首，则做整句的状语，与我们通常见到的比较不同，这里的比较不满足平行的基本要求。
出于这个原因，如果单单把句子写成
In
people are treated with far greater respect than in most Western countries.
那么按照OG的说法，则是这个句子than前后不平行
所以一定要把主谓完整的写出来。
For many
travelers, charter vacations often turn out to cost
considerably more
than
they
originally
seemed.
Holland
spends a larger percentage of its gross national product on defending its
coasts from rising seas than the United States does
on military defense.句子比较
Two new
studies indicate that many people become obese more
because their bodies burn calories too slowly than
because
they eat too much.
Dr. Hakuta’s
research among Hispanic children in the
more
the
children
use both Spanish and English, the
greater
their
intellectual
advantage
in skills underlying reading ability and nonverbal logic. (B-p106-7)
谢谢楼主，谢谢ryanyong！
N啊！！
JerryGuan 发表于 2004-3-31 18:01
本人花了一个下午，看完了ecsniffer的巨贴(dispbbs.asp?BoardID=23&ID=36523)，再加上以前一份资料：《verb ...
JerryGuan 发表于 2004-3-31 18:01
本人花了一个下午，看完了ecsniffer的巨贴(dispbbs.asp?BoardID=23&ID=36523)，再加上以前一份资料：《verb ...
发表于 2004-03-31 18:01:00
本人花了一个下午，看完了ecsniffer的巨贴(dispbbs.asp?BoardID=23&ID...
cwfcwfc 发表于 2006-11-13 23:33
大全10 A large rise in ...
Cheryl.F 发表于 2017-9-27 13:50
1.1里面的第一个例句好像并没有宾语啊= =
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